monitoring the state of teaching the Rat-Tatar language in schools of the Bakhchisaray district 2017-2018 academic year

District Teacher Workshop

On February 26, 2019, on the basis of the Plodovskaya secondary school, a regional seminar for teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature was held on the topic: “Formation of UUD in students in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard» . Within the framework of the seminar at a high level, the teacher Kamalova E.N. was held public lesson in grade 4 on the topic: “R.r. No. 6 Compilation of the text “Winter” (N.i. No. 6 “Kyysh” serlevala metin tizyuv). Through the efforts of Muzhdabayeva A.M. and studentsschoolscarried out extracurricular activity dedicated international day mother tongue.

Theoretical questions on the topic of the seminar were considered. Kurtumerova N.R., teacher of MBOU "Kashtanovskaya secondary school" - "Introduction innovative technologies in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature "and Muzhdabaeva A.M., teacher of the MBOU "Plodovskaya secondary school" - "The method of reading Ilya Frank and mnemonics in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature."

Young Teacher SchoolCrimean Tatar language and literature

January 23, 2019 On the basis of the MBOU "Vilinskaya secondary school No. 2", a school for a young teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature was held on the topic "Modern lesson in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard".

The teaching staff of the school warmly welcomed the guests.Presented the school business card to everyoneDeputy Director for UVR Khalilova E.D., who, being also a teacherof the Crimean Tatar language and literature and the head of the RMO, shared her experience, conducted a master class on the analysis of the modern lesson, based on her teaching experience, using presentations, spoke about the modern lesson, project activities presented her research work.

Teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature Murtazaeva Z.S. held an open lesson in the 8th grade on the topic: “Jumlenin bash ve ekinji dereje azalary. Tekrarlav” (“The main and secondary members of the proposal. Repetition”), accompanied by a presentation. Teacher MBOU "Kholmovskaya secondary school" Khalilova M.S. made a presentation on the topic of self-education, presented a variety of visual material to everyone.

The participants of the SHMU expressed their deep gratitude to the administration of the NGO for the opportunity to visit the school, the methodological assistance provided, and the warm welcome.

The event was held on an emotional upsurge.

Young Teacher SchoolCrimean Tatar language and literature

November 13, 2018 On the basis of MBOU "Sokolinskaya NOSH" the School of the young teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature was held on the topic "Designing a modern lesson."

The teaching staff of the school warmly welcomed the guests. Teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature Osmanova G.Kh. presented a presentation to all participants of the event, held an open lesson in the 4th grade “Journey to the country of the native language”.

Muradova L.A., a teacher at MBOU "Pochtovskaya secondary school" shared her experience in designing a modern lesson with young teachers.

District

October 23, 2018 on the basis of MBOU "Kuibyshev secondary school named after. Khrustaleva N.T.” a regional seminar-workshop of teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature was held "Designing a Modern Lesson Crimean Tatar language and literature».

History teacher Sorokina N.N. a fascinating tour of the Belbek valley was held. The teachers visited the monument to S. Emin, where, thanks to the efforts of the librarians of the Kuibyshev Library of branch No. 19 named after S. Emin, Vasilyeva S.P. and Klimchuk I.I. an extra-curricular event dedicated to the life and work of S. Emin was organized. The event was accompanied by musical accompaniment, performance by students MBOU "Kuibyshev secondary school named after Khrustaleva N.T.

School director Pasha S.N. acquainted with the successes and achievements of the teaching and student teams. An open lesson in grade 3 on the topic: “Yanggyravuk ve saggy tutuk sesler” was held by the teacherof the Crimean Tatar language and literature Mamedova U.E., a fragment of the lesson of the ORKSE on the topic: “ Moral Values ​​of Islam” was conducted by a teacher primary school Mamedova E.F. Theoretical questions on the topic of the seminar were considered. The report, based on their own pedagogical experience, was made by teacher of the highest category Mamedova U.E. and Murtazaeva Z.S.

The surprise of the school, made to teachers, was a video about the work of teachers Crimean Tatar language and literature on the day of the seminar.

The event was held on an emotional upsurge.

Seminar materials

The IX April student readings were held at the Ismail Gasprinsky Memorial Museum

On April 24, 2018, regular April student readings were held at the Ismail Gasprinsky Memorial Museum on the topic: “135th anniversary of the newspaper “Translator-Terdzhiman”. The main goal of this cultural and educational event is the formation of an active civic position among schoolchildren in the field of knowledge of their native language, the history of their region.The event was attended by 29 students from 13 educational institutions of the district.Students showed good knowledge of their native language, bibliographic material, showed creative and research abilities. Informative reports were prepared, accompanied by multimedia presentations, presented works that differed in diversity, originality, high level of artistic performance.

The jury, which consisted of leading teachers and museum staff, noted a fairly in-depth study of the selected topics of all participants in the event and especially noted the training of the students of the MBOU "Tankovskoye OOSh" Zeylulaeva Y. and Abduramanova M., who presented the work in the form of a news program using newspaper material " Terdzhiman" 1906. The museum staff, for an extraordinary and creative approach to preparing students, especially noted the mentoring work of Sayfullaeva I.S., a teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature of the MBOU "Tankovsky school" and presented memorable prizes.

As a result of graduationIX April student readings all participants of the event were awarded certificatesDepartment of Education, Youth and Sports of the Administration of the Bakhchisaray District of the Republic of Crimea and the Memorial Museum of Ismail Gasprinsky GBU RK BIKAMZ.

Young Teacher SchoolCrimean Tatar language and literature

April 17, 2018 On the basis of MBOU "Secondary School No. 5" in Bakhchisarai, a School for a Young Teacher of the Crimean Tatar Language and Literature on the topic "Modern Lesson" was held.

The teaching staff of the school warmly welcomed the guests. Teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature Asanova F.M. held a lesson in the development of speech in the 7th grade on the topic "Traditional Medicine". Participants, together with the methodologist and head of the RMO, discussed methodological foundations modern training session, the requirements for its implementation.

Workshop for teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature

The regional workshop for teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature on the topic: "The use of innovative technologies in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature" was held on January 31, 2018 on the basis of the MBOU "Krasnomakskaya secondary school".

School business card presented Gerasimova G.Yu., deputy director for water resources management, teachers had the opportunity to visit the school museum. An open lesson in grade 6 on the topic: “ Cherkez-Ali "Otmeknin kadiri" "conducted by the teacher Abkirimova L.D. Through the efforts teaching staff and students of the school held an event dedicated to the memory of Alima Abdennanova "Feat to live for centuries", a fragment of the event "Festival of the Peoples of Crimea" was shown. The teacher of the highest category of MBOU "Bakhchisarai secondary school No. 1" Dzhemilova L.S. shared their experience. and teacher of the first category of MBOU "Plodovskaya secondary school" Kamalova E.N.

The seminar discussed the issue of the municipal competition "Modern Lesson", as well as the upcoming competition for the best essay "My contribution to the future of the Russian Crimea", the All-Crimean competition "Language is the soul of the people".

The event was held on an emotional upsurge.

We offer seminar materials for use in work.

Municipal competition for the best methodological development of a lesson on the Crimean Tatar language and literature "Modern lesson"

From January 17 to January 26, 2018, the competition "Modern Lesson" was held among teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature. 20 works were submitted to the Competition: 16 of them were in the nomination "Crimean Tatar language", 4 works in the nomination "Crimean Tatar literature". 12 educational organizations of the district took part in the Competition. The jury members noted the originality of pedagogical ideas, as well as universality, applicability by other teachers.

The winners of the competition were:

in the nomination "Crimean Tatar language"

1st place - Khalilova E.D., MBOU "Vilinskaya secondary school No. 2 with Russian and Crimean Tatar languages ​​of instruction";

2nd place - Azizova V.R., MBOU "Uglovskaya secondary school";

3rd place - Kurtseitova A.Sh., MBOU "Vilinskaya secondary school No. 2 with Russian and Crimean Tatar languages ​​of instruction."

in the nomination "Crimean Tatar literature"

1st place - Asanova F. M., MBOU "Secondary School No. 5", Bakhchisarai;

2nd place - Sayfullaeva I.S., MBOU "Tankovsky school";

3rd place - Muzhdabayeva A.M., MBOU "Skalistovskaya secondary school".

Competition materials published in the methodological bulletin "To help the teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature."

School of a young teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature

November 01, 2017 On the basis of the MBOU "Bakhchisarai secondary school No. 2", the School of the young teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature was held on the topic "Development of the creative abilities of students in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature."

The teaching staff of the school warmly welcomed the guests. Teacher of the Crimean Tatar language and literature Mamutova Z.S. presented a presentation to all participants of the event, made a presentation and played an interesting game with young specialists.

Using an electronic presentation in their speeches, the head of the RMO of teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature, the teacher of the MBOU "Secondary School No. 5" in Bakhchisarai Asanova F.M., the teacher of the MBOU "Skalistovskaya secondary school" Muzhdabaeva A.M., presented works on the development of creative abilities of students, teacher MBOU "Pochtovskaya secondary school" Muradova L.A.The event was held on an emotional upsurge.

Workshop for teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature

October 24, 2017 on the basis of MBOU "Turgenev secondary school" a regional seminar for teachers of the Crimean Tatar language and literature "Using interdisciplinary communication as a factor in improving the effectiveness of learning" was held . Within the framework of the seminar at a high level, the teacher Dulgerov Sh.Sh. a master class "Using interdisciplinary communication in the lessons of the Crimean Tatar language and literature" was organized and conducted. Also, through the efforts of the teaching staff, incl. teacher Dulgerov Sh.Sh., director Sattarova A.R., deputy director for water resources management Useinova L.E., teacher-organizer Ismailova S.K., an extracurricular event "Literary Lounge" was held at a high level, to which the poet was invited Rustem Dzhelil. The students of MBOU "Turgenevskaya secondary school" performed dances at the event, recited poems, and songs sounded, the author of the words of which is Rustem Dzhelil. The guests got acquainted with his life and work, had the opportunity to ask questions and received instructions from the master word.

Theoretical questions on the topic of the seminar were considered. The report, using electronic presentations, based on their own pedagogical experience, was made by: teacher of the highest category of MBOU "Secondary School No. 5", Bakhchisaray Asanova F.M. - "The use of interdisciplinary communication as a factor in improving the effectiveness of training"; teacher of the first category MBOU "Uglovskaya secondary school" Azizova V.R. - “History knows the pain of the heart”; teacher of the first category MBOU "Sokolinskaya NOSH" Osmanova G.Kh. - “Let go of the wing of humility for them and comprehend wisdom”; teacher of the highest category MBOU "Golubinskaya secondary school" Useinova E.D. - "Idris Asanin is a fighter for justice."

The seminar addressed the issue of preparation for the municipal stage All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in the Crimean Tatar language and literature , which will be held on the basis of MBOU "Secondary School No. 5" in Bakhchisarai.

VIII student readings were held at the Ismail Gasprinsky Memorial Museum

Memorial Museum of Ismail Gasprinsky On April 29, 2017, together with the Department of Education, Youth and Sports of the Administration of the Bakhchisaray District of the Republic of Kazakhstan, they held traditional student readings.

The event was attended by 18 students from 16 educational organizations in Bakhchisarai and Bakhchisaray district.

ProgramVIIIstudent readings:

1. The history of one exhibit: the secrets of the gift cane of Ismail Gasprinsky(Museum staff introduced the children to the history of the object; talked about the meaning of the texts engraved on the edges of the cane).
2. Children's periodicalsXIX- the beginning of the twentieth century. from the funds of the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Kazakhstan BIKAMZ(from Museum employees told and showed the participants of the readings what children's periodicals of the last century looked like).
3. Student performance(this year the students prepared performances, dramatizations, dedicated life and the work of Umer Ipchi - writer, actor, director, follower of I. Gasprinsky).
4. Rewarding of participants of readings with certificates.

Works were staged, poems, stories, reports were heard, students prepared interesting slide presentations about life and creative way W. Ipchi.

Informative and interesting work and dramatizations were prepared by students of the following teachers: Murtazaeva Z.S., MBOU "Vilinskaya secondary school No. 2 with Russian and Crimean Tatar languages ​​of instruction", Useinova E.D. MBOU "Golubinskaya secondary school", Kurtumerova N.R., MBOU "Kashtanovskaya secondary school", Sayfullaeva I.S., MBOU "Tankovskaya secondary school", Khalilova M.S., MBOU "Kholmovskaya secondary school", Emiralieva Z.A., MBOU " Verkhorechenskaya secondary school, Muzhdabaeva A.M., MBOU "Skalistovskaya secondary school", Mamutova Z.S., MBOU "Bakhchisarai secondary school No. 1", Khalilova G.S., MBOU "Secondary school No. 5" Bakhchisaray, Dulgerova Sh.Sh ., MBOU "Turgenevskaya secondary school", Abkerimova L.D., MBOU "Krasnomakskaya secondary school", Azizova V.R., MBOU "Uglovskaya secondary school", Dzhemilova L.S., MBOU "Bakhchisarai secondary school No. 1".

Starts publishing lessons "Learn the Crimean Tatar language" prepared by S. Useinov, V. Mireev, V. Sakhadzhiev, for people who have poor command of their native language. Lessons are presented in an accessible form and will be published from easy to more difficult, corresponding to the lesson numbers.

1 lesson. General information

The Crimean Tatar language is the native language of the Crimean Tatar people, whose historical homeland is Crimea.

On May 18, as a result of the deportation of the Crimean Tatar people from the Crimea, the compactness of the language groups was destroyed, a mixture of people took place. His exile for 46 years, the absence of schools with a native language of instruction led to the fact that the language began to be forgotten, the dialectal language environment disappeared, the lines between dialects began to blur, and this process, unfortunately, continues.

The Crimean Tatar language is part of the Turkic language group of languages ​​and has three dialects:

a) northern, or steppe;

b) the middle one, which is the core of modern literary language;

c) southern, or coastal (on the basis of all these dialects, the literary language has developed and continues to develop).

Languages ​​of dozens of nations Central Asia, Caucasus and Transcaucasia, the Volga region and Siberia (Turkmen, Kazakh, Uzbek, Karachay-Balkarian, Kumyk, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Gagauz, Tatar, etc.) are related. There is a lot in common with the Crimean Tatar language in the vocabulary of the Crimean and Azov Greeks, Crimean Gypsies, Karaites, Krymchaks, Crimean and Don Armenians (immigrants from Crimea).

The Crimean Tatar language has ancient written spelling and literary traditions. At the same time, over the centuries, he did not remain aloof from the influence of other languages ​​that did not belong to the Turkic group. Due to the influence of Arabic, Persian, Greek, Italian, Gothic, Armenian, Russian, Ukrainian constantly replenished and expanded its lexical richness.

The formation of the Crimean Tatar literary language has not yet been completed, which serves as some obstacle to the definition of normative word usage.

For seven centuries (until 1928), the Crimean Tatar language, like most Turkic languages, used Arabic script, since 1928 - Latinized, and since 1938 - Cyrillic script.

As in all Turkic languages, in the Crimean Tatar language words and word forms are formed by adding affixes to the root.

The Crimean Tatar language differs from Russian in the following main structural features:

- with inflection, the root of the word does not change:

lion - lions (arslan - arslanlar);

- with a few exceptions, there are no prefixes and prepositions, affixes and postpositions are used instead:

school - at school (mektep - mektepte); holiday - happy holiday (bayram - bayramnen khairlayim);

- almost every affix has, as a rule, only one definite meaning and is attached to the root or to another affix one after the other, for example:

yaz - write;

languages ​​- written (text);

yazydzhi - writer;

yazıcılar - writers;

yazydzhylarim - my writers;

yazidzhylarimiz - our writers;

yazidzhylarymyzga - to our writers.

It is easy to see that the affix -ji forms the name of the figure, affix -lar – plural; affix -ga- dative-directive case, etc.

- most affixes have sound variants, the choice of which depends on the composition of the preceding syllable:

azbar - yard, azbarda - in the yard;

ozen - river, ozende - in the river;

dolap - closet, dolapta - in the closet;

jep - pocket, jepte - in the pocket.

It can be seen that the affixes -yes, -de, -ta, -te mean being somewhere, i.e. local case;

shair - poet, shaire - poetess;

saip - master, saibe - mistress;

oja - teacher, ojapche - teacher;

Kerim - Kerime, Selim - Selim;

- adjective definitions do not change by gender, number, cases:

bizim myshyk - our cat; bizim myshyklarga - to our cats.

Sounds of the Crimean Tatar language

Most of both vowels and consonants of the Crimean Tatar language are close to the corresponding sounds of the Russian language.

However, there are also specific ones. These include four consonants:

- sound [j] is an voiced pair sound [h] and is not pronounced separately, as in the Russian words "jam", "jazz", but completely together (in the alphabet the letter combination j comes after the letter h, and not after the letter e).

Examples: jan - soul, dzhenk - war, oja - teacher, ajji - bitter taj - crown, crown.

- sound [g] resembles the Ukrainian sound [g] (in the alphabet, the letter combination g comes after the letter g).

Examples: dag - mountain, forest; sag - alive, right; yagmur - rain; bagcha - garden; garip - poor, unhappy; gairydan - again, again.

- sound [k] can be compared with the sound combination [kh] in the word "Vackh" (this sound is close to the hard Russian sound [kh]).

Examples: qar - snow; kart - old; vakyt - time; bashqa - another; kayyk - boat; kaytmak - to return.

Letter combination in the alphabet to comes after the letter to.

Note. If you find it difficult to pronounce, then this sound can be pronounced as a hard [x].

- sound [n], which was previously represented by a combination of ng. This sound can only be present in the middle of a word or at its end (in the alphabet, the letter combination n occupies the position after the letter n).

Examples: yangy - new; mana--to me; olunyz - be, become; en - the most, most; tan - dawn, dawn; aldyn - (you) took.

Note. In addition to specific sounds, the Crimean Tatar language has sounds that differ in pronunciation from the sounds of the Russian language, denoted by the same letters. So, usually briefly, like an overtone, sounds are pronounced s, And, at, Yu.

For example: word son- class - approaching [s´n´f], til - language - close to [t], otur! - sit down! - close to [ot´r], rev.i - silver - close to [k´m´sh].

As in Russian, the consonants of the Crimean Tatar language can be divided into three groups:

a) sonorants: p, l, m, n, n;

b) voiced noisy: b, c, e, h, f, g, g, j;

c) deaf noisy: p, t, f, s, w, h, k, b, x, c, u.

most voiced and deaf noisy consonants are opposed in pairs: b - p, c - f, d - t, j - h, w - w, z - s, g - k, g - b.

Sounds do not have their own pair X, ts, SCH.

Sounds c, SCH occur only in borrowed words (from Russian and Ukrainian or through Russian from other languages).

Sound well rare in literary speech.

Consonant sounds depicted in writing in combination with subsequent e, about, And, Yu, th, I, soften somewhat, although to a much lesser extent than in Russian: chel - steppe, penjere - window, biri - one of ..., someone, sut - milk.

Softened consonants form the so-called soft syllables (there is no such term and concept in Russian). Soft syllables form, in addition, combinations with a vowel e: ev - house, et - meat, es - consciousness, reason, mind.

Sounds are always soft to, G: kormek - to see, gedje - night.

Week of the Crimean Tatar language.

From 15 to 22 February, open competitions and events were held. subject week opened with a wall newspaper competition and an exhibition of works by elements of the Crimean Tatar costume.

The following students took an active part in these competitions: Nasurlayeva Mavile (5th grade), Nebiyeva Alie (9th grade), Podavanova Zarina (10th grade), Beytullaeva Elvina (10th grade), Abduramanova Sevilya (10th grade), Ablaev Alim (7th grade) , Dzhemilova Adile (5th grade), Sadiev Rauf (6th grade), Skidan Tatyana (6th grade), Belyalova Jevirye (6th grade), Chapchakchi Aishe (5th grade), Ganieva Aishe (5th grade), Buribaeva Melie (9th grade), Kadyrkulov Alim (10th grade).

On Tuesday, February 16, an open extra-curricular event on the Crimean Tatar language was held in primary school (extracurricular activities). Fairy Tale Festival "Masallar Aleminde". The event involved students from grades 1 to 5 in the amount of 38 people.

Also, on this day, an exhibition-presentation "Bizim Karamanlar" was held, which told about the heroes of the Great Patriotic War Alima Abdennanova and Amet Khan Sultana.

On Wednesday, February 17, a competition of readers took place, dedicated to the day mother tongue Ana Tilim Gururym. Students read staged poems by famous Crimean Tatar poets about their native language.

Competition results:

1st place- Beytullayeva Elvina - 10 cells, Khalilov Aziz and Khalilova Leyla - 7 cells.

2nd place- Jemilova Adile - 5 cells, Karamutdinova Rushen - 7 cells, Nebiyeva Alie - 9 cells

III place- Zayredinov Rashid - 5 cells, Ilyasov Kemal - 6 cells

Primary school students solved crossword puzzles and puzzles that day.

On Thursday, February 18, an open lesson on Crimean Tatar literature was held in grade 7. Lesson topic: Lesson extracurricular reading. E. Shemyi-zade. "Kart bagchevan akkynda ikle".

On Friday, February 19, the week ended with traditional coffee. The owner of the Crimean Tatar language classroom, Dzhemilova Zera Shevketovna, met students and teachers with fragrant coffee with national sweets.

We, people of different nationalities living in the neighborhood, are obliged, for the sake of the common good, to strive for mutual understanding and learn to respect each other. Studying the life and culture of the people living next to you, you understand, as far as possible, their national flavor. BUT a prime example culture is literature.

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Study of

Crimean Tatar literature

in an integrated course

"Literature"

creative work

Russian language teachers

and literature

Seit Yagya

Lily Serverovny

Introduction

1. Literature lesson and reading activity of teenage schoolchildren.

1. Perception, awareness and understanding of new material.

1. The stage of generalization of knowledge and skills formed in the lesson, and understanding of homework.

1. Lessons in preparation for the analysis of a work of art.

Conclusion.

Introduction.

We, people of different nationalities living in the neighborhood, are obliged, for the sake of the common good, to strive for mutual understanding and learn to respect each other. And the path to this lies through the knowledge of the history, culture and, of course, the literature of all peoples, united by a polysemantic word - fellow citizens.

And indeed, studying the life and culture of the people living next to you, you understand, as far as possible, their national flavor. A prime example of culture is literature.

In the course of my work, I want to raise the issue of studying Crimean Tatar literature in the integrated course "Literature". Turning to this topic, I want to reveal some aspects of literature as a lesson and the relationship between teacher and student in the process of cooperation.

The lesson of literature today is a lesson permeated from beginning to end with modernity. Whatever the teacher talks about, no matter what he devotes classes to - literature of the distant past or our days, he pursues the goal of educating a person who is active for our today and tomorrow. It's about not about artificial notorious "linkages" of the past with the present, but about the ability to highlight in any work of art problems and conflicts that are organic for him and important for the reader.

New in the literature lesson today is the freedom of planning. You can, for example, study the folk tale “Altyn bashnen hyyar bash” (“Golden-haired and green-haired”) for one lesson, limiting your lesson and your work to a fluent conversation, but you can take several lessons to study it - prepare a dramatization of some episodes, turn class to the theater with real actors, artists and spectators who came to the performance.

When deciding how to organize the study of Crimean Tatar literature, the teacher has the right to turn to any of the options provided for by the program or look for some new option:

1. you can organize your work in the lesson as a discussion of home reading (if there is a text);
2. You can organize a retelling and discussion in the lesson.

The passions of the teacher, the mood of the class, the interests of the students - everything determines both the time that will be spent on studying the work and the forms of work that will be used.

What is the most important thing in class work when studying Crimean Tatar literature? I think that this is the ability to organize the study of a work in such a way that the student can experience the joy of studying and, together with the author, solve (or at least raise) problems that are equally important for people of all peoples and generations.

The main tasks of literary education are to familiarize with universal human values, educate aesthetic taste and interest in reading. One of specific tasks teaching at the school of Crimean Tatar literature in the integrated course "Literature" is the study of the works of poets and writers.

The program includes the most interesting works of art by Crimean Tatar authors of different eras, modern writers, legends, fairy tales, myths, tales, jokes and other genres of oral folk art. The texts of works of art are selected taking into account the age characteristics of students.

1. Literature lesson and reading activity

teenage schoolchildren.

At the lessons of literature, the teacher solves the responsible task of familiarizing students with the riches of domestic and world artistic culture, developing artistic perception and aesthetic views.

Naturally, the student cannot realize such broad goals of education, upbringing and development facing the school. But he goes to a literature lesson to gain new knowledge. It would seem that the motives of the activity of the student and the teacher are close to each other. And yet they differ significantly, primarily in that the teacher seeks not only to convey knowledge to his pupils, but also to teach the children that reading activity, the possession of which contributes to a deep perception of the world of literature.

Characterizing reading activity in their research, psychologists convincingly prove that for the full perception of a work of art, uniform development and an optimal structure of the cognitive processes of the lesson are necessary.

And whatever the content of the lessons in the study of works of art (whether it is an initial acquaintance, or a generalization of ideas, or awareness of one’s attitude to what has been read), preparation for the perception of the topic of the lesson and comprehension with students of the results of their independent reading is necessary at each lesson.

1. The stage of perception, awareness and comprehension of new material is necessary;

1. The stage of generalization of knowledge and skills formed in the lesson;

1. Finally, the stage of comprehension of homework.

Consider what the nature of work on each of the selected structural elements lesson in the process of studying the Crimean Tatar literature.

1. Preparation for the perception of the topic of the lesson and comprehension with students of the results of their independent reading of the work.

Series analysis methodical works shows that they provide for the preparatory stage, mainly for the first lesson on the topic. In this case, the article about the writer is usually retold. If this is another lesson, then it often happens that the teacher defines the beginning of work with the phrase: “So, where did we stop at the previous lesson?”

Meanwhile, it is important that the stage of preparation for the perception of the topic of the lesson is at each training session and would be built not only on the basis of information familiar to the teacher about the writer, about the era depicted in the work, about the history of the creation of works, etc., but also on material that enriches the life experience of students.

Such an orientation of the preparatory stage of the lesson helps the student to realize the importance of literature lessons for himself: they help him navigate both in the world of art and in life, in relationships with others.

For example, telling children that folk tales“Kush tilinden anlagan bala” (The boy who understood the language of birds) and “Altyn bashnen hyyar bash” (“Golden-haired and green-haired”), passed down from generation to generation, constantly improving, have stood the test of time, we can report on various options these fairy tales that have survived to our time.

After the introductory speech, you can read or tell one of the tales close to the text. The teacher's first reading or retelling is a model for students. That is why it is important that the fairy-tale beginning (in a leisurely, melodious pronunciation), repetitions and ending, a description of the skills of the heroes, sound distinctly.

A frontal conversation after listening to a particular fairy tale will reveal how correctly the meaning of it is understood, and will set the students up for further work - mastering the skill this time of artistic retelling of individual fragments of the text.

Discussion of the questions posed by the teacher, exchange of opinions and impressions are not only means for the teacher to control the process of perception, but also cause additional interest in the work in schoolchildren. Naturally, the role of the organizer at this stage of the lesson is assumed by the teacher.

1. Perception, awareness and comprehension

new material.

The study of a work of art in the classroom can be called secondary, conscious perception, which is carried out under the guidance of a teacher and involves the analysis of a work from a certain angle. In this case, the initial stage of the analysis is the selection of artistic material (chapters, episodes, various situations), which allows students to focus on a particular problem of the work.

I believe that the selection and classification of material is the most important, but not the main content of the stage "perception, awareness and understanding of new material." Of decisive importance is textual analysis - the most significant moment of the lesson in terms of length and purpose, since the teacher here seeks to deepen the comprehension of the ideological and artistic meaning of the work.

Let us consider a textual analysis of one of the works of the outstanding Crimean Tatar writer Asan Chergeev “Takdir” (“Fate”). This poem shows the powerless position of a Tatar woman in the family and in society. The main character of the poem, Esma, does not obey the will of her father, refuses to marry the unloved. But perishes in this fight with old traditions.

The introductory word should arouse interest in the work and its author. It could be a paraphrase introductory article. Another option is to recall the works of Asan Chergeev, known to the children (“Ayvangar ne aytalar”, “Tilki ve koyan” - “What the animals talk about”, “The Fox and the Hare”), and together think about what the writer appreciates in people and what he rejects.

The poem can and should be analyzed by the teacher in the class. The tension of the plot awakens the desire to find out what will happen next, imbued with sympathy for the main character, the students are looking forward to the denouement. Do not destroy the integrity of the impression by posing questions, talking during the analysis, detailed comments. And you should not spare time to analyze the work, because the teacher directs the children's attention to the main thing, helps them to understand the work correctly.

And most importantly, the teacher's reading should give students aesthetic pleasure, emotional shock. Without this, there is no study of literature.

1. The stage of generalization of knowledge and skills,

formed in the classroom

understanding homework.

The stage of generalization in the lesson presents particular difficulties. At first, it is difficult to give an account of a number of questions:

What were the objectives of the lesson and were they solved? How much material did the children have to master in the process of working on the topic and did they cope with it? What reading skills should be focused on and were the planned tasks successful?

Adolescents in literature lessons, like accumulators, accumulate knowledge, skills, and certain moral experience. That is why it is so important that every student who shows initiative, reveals his potential, is supported and noted by the teacher at the stage of generalization, so that a creative atmosphere reigns in the class, responsibility for work is formed not only from the teacher, but also from the students themselves.

Such a creative atmosphere reigns at the stage of generalization in the study of the Crimean Tatar literature of the XIII-XIX centuries, especially the work of the famous poet Ashyk Umer.

It should be noted that from the point of view of the content and features of poetics in the Crimean Tatar medieval poetry, three directions are usually distinguished.

The first is the so-called sofa poetry (from Arabic "sofa "in the meaning of" a collection of poetic works of one author") - the poetry of the Khan's court.

The second direction ispoetry of religious and mystical content or Sufi (Sufism - mystical-ascetic trend in Islam).

Finally, the third direction ashik poetry (from the Arabic "ashik "- in love; poet). Representatives of this trend accompanied their performances by playing the musical stringed instrument saz (hence the other name of this poetry - saz poetry) and, combining in one person the numerous talents of a poet, composer, singer, performing musician, enjoyed great popularity among the people. This poetry is characterized as folk poetry, however, in the process of its development, many elements of the divan were assimilated by it. Ashik poetry gave the Crimea, as well as the entire Turkic literature in general, the famous poet Ashyk Umer, as well as many other bright names.

A feature of Ashyk poetry was the reflection of the whole gamut of human feelings and experiences: joy, grief, sadness, jealousy, hope, longing, etc. So at the generalizing stage of the lesson, when studying the lyrics of a famous poet, you can try your hand at composing a quatrain in size and rhyme similar to his poems.

The stage of the lesson at which it is comprehended homework, without exaggeration, can be put in first place in terms of its importance for organizing the entire subsequent learning process. The teacher constantly uses various types of homework in his work. He invites the children to prepare retellings of individual episodes (close to the text, briefly, selectively), draw up a plan, prepare expressive reading, oral drawing, answer the proposed questions, etc. It would seem that the palette of homework is rich and varied. However, it is difficult to formulate them as tasks of a specific work.

The difficulty lies in the fact that if in any other subject the guys in the conditions homework reinforce the knowledge gained in the lesson, then literature is characterized by leading homework assignments.

And for homework in Crimean Tatar literature, another particular difficulty is inherent: it is very difficult to find certain works of authors translated into Russian, and some are not possible at all. Yes, and among the translated literature there are works that do not reach the artistic level of the original.

1. Analysis Preparation Lessons

artistic work.

The lesson of preparation for the analysis of a work of art, being relatively complete and independent (it has its own topic, its own specific tasks, etc.), is at the same time organically connected with the construction of the entire system of lessons on this topic. The internal connection of lessons on a given topic, which is based on the general tasks of studying the topic, is sometimes replaced by an external one. So, when studying a major epic work, such an appearance of interconnection can be created by considering a literary text in the course of plot development.

In the system of lessons for the study of a major epic work, three types of lessons are usually distinguished (according to the main stages of its study): introductory, a lesson in the analysis of a literary text, and a concluding generalizing lesson.

Below, two of them will be considered on the material of the historical novel "Alim" by Yusuf Bolat: the introductory and the initial lesson following it in the chain of lessons (usually there are several) of the analysis of a literary text. Although these lessons belong to different types, but, entering the system of lessons, they acquire some functional similarity.

The task of the introductory lesson is to prepare students for understanding the work in the process of the upcoming analysis, to arouse their interest in studying it, to create the necessary emotional mood in the class.

special challenge initial lesson analysis of a literary text is the acquaintance of students with the artistic style of the writer. After all, the study of each new epic work is a meeting of students with a new creative individuality, an original artistic manner, which students must master in order to comprehend the richness of the content of the work, to introduce them to new aesthetic experiences.

There are a variety of options for an introductory lesson in preparing for the analysis of a literary text, even when studying the same epic work.

Usually at school, the novel "Alim" is analyzed within the framework of the conflict between Alim Aydamak as a robber and a wealthy society. Thus, the study of the novel concentrates mainly on historical content.

Sometimes, when analyzing a work, the question arises: “So, who is Alim Aydamak (or Alim Azamat oglu)?”

And here, in the analysis of a work of art, the main character is considered as Alim, a robber who took part of the property of the rich and gave it to the poor. Or Alim the protector and Alim the savior. After artistic analysis works and historical era students come to grips with this issue.

Conclusion.

Solving the problems of improving the learning process dictates the need to tirelessly turn to the main "cell" of the educational process - the lesson, the correct organization of which is fraught with inexhaustible opportunities to increase the effectiveness of learning.

The teacher needs to clearly understand what the activities of schoolchildren in literature lessons are. The terminological phrase "cognitive activity" in the learning process is widely known. And when the teacher encounters the concept of "reader's activity", he, not clearly presenting the content of this concept, interprets it as the educational (cognitive) activity of students.

Meanwhile, a full-fledged process of artistic perception presupposes the ability to comprehend not only the content literary work, but also to recreate in the imagination the pictures depicted by the writer, to perceive the world of feelings and experiences of literary characters, to see the author's position (attitude, assessment) in all components of the work.

In my work, I tried to show some stages of the lesson in the study of Crimean Tatar literature, the tasks of the modern lesson and their implementation.

But I want to note a common feature of the history of Crimean Tatar literature - these are significant losses. The works of Crimean Tatar poets and writers have been carefully kept for centuries in the libraries of Turkey, Romania, Germany, France, England, the USA and other countries. But in their homeland, alas, they were periodically destroyed: hundreds of thousands of volumes of Crimean Tatar literature perished in the maelstrom of military and political events of the 18th-20th centuries. And now it is very difficult to find certain works of Crimean Tatar authors in Crimea, and some of them are impossible at all.

As for their translations into Russian, the task of searching and collecting is complicated by the fact that there were initially few of them, and in the last 60 years these works have not actually been translated or republished.