Phrase.

With the help of the site, you can easily learn how to determine the type subordination.

subordination- this is a connection that unites sentences or words, one of which is the main (subordinate), and the other is dependent (subordinate).

phrase- this is a combination of two or more significant words related to each other in meaning and grammatically.

green eyes, writing letters, hard to convey.

In the phrase, the main (from which the question is asked) and the dependent (to which the question is asked) word is distinguished:

Blue ball. Rest outside the city. The ball and rest are the main words.

Trap!

The following are not subordinating phrases:

1. Combination independent word with official: near the house, before a thunderstorm, let him sing;

2. Combinations of words as part of phraseological units: beatbuckets, fool around, headlong;

3. Subject and predicate: the night has come;

4. Compound word forms : lighter, will walk;

5. Groups of words united by a coordinating link: Fathers and Sons.

Video about types of subordination

If you like the video format, you can watch it.

There are three types of subordination:

connection type	What part of speech can the dependent word be?	what question is asked to the dependent word
agreement (when the main word changes, the dependent word changes): seashore, young people reading, first snow, my home	adjective, participle, ordinal number, some categories of pronouns	which? Questions may vary by case!
control (when changing the main word, the dependent does not change):	noun or pronoun in the indirect case with or without a preposition	questions of indirect cases (of whom? what? - about whom? about what?) Remember! The prepositional case form of a noun can be a circumstance, therefore questions of circumstance are asked for these forms (see below)
adjunction (dependent word is an invariable part of speech!): listen carefully, go without looking back, soft-boiled egg	1. infinitive 2. gerund 3. adverb 4. possessive pronouns(his, her, them)	1. what to do? what to do? 2. What are you doing? having done what? 3. how? where? where? where? when? why? why?

Distinguish!

Her coat is adjoining (whose), to see her is control (whom).

In the categories of pronouns, two homonymous (the same in sound and spelling, but different in meaning) categories are distinguished. The questions of indirect cases are answered by the personal pronoun, and it participates in the subordinating connection - control, and the possessive answers the question whose? and is immutable, it participates in adjacency.

Go to the garden - management, go there - adjoining.

Distinguish between the prepositional case form and the adverb. They may have the same questions! If there is a preposition between the main word and the dependent, then you have control.

Algorithm of actions No. 1.

1) Identify the main word by asking a question from one word to another.

2) Determine the part of speech of the dependent word.

3) Pay attention to the question you ask to the dependent word.

4) According to the identified signs, determine the type of connection.

Parsing the task.

What type of connection is used in the phrase CAPTURE MECHANICALLY.

We define the main word and ask a question from it: catch (how?) mechanically; catch - main word, mechanically - dependent. Determine the part of speech of the dependent word: mechanically- is an adverb. If the dependent word answers the question as? and is an adverb, then the phrase uses the connection abutment.

Algorithm of actions No. 2.

1. In the text, it is easier for you to find the dependent word first.

2. If you need agreement, look for the word that answers the question which? whose?

3. If you need control, look for a non-nominative noun or pronoun.

4. If you need to find an adjunction, look for an invariable word (infinitive, gerund, adverb or possessive pronoun).

5. Determine from which word you can ask a question to the dependent word.

In modern Russian, especially in writing, complex sentences are often used. Complex in Russian are of two types: allied and non-union. Unionless - which consists of several parts, but unions are not used to connect these parts to each other. Here is a classic example of an allied sentence: "It was snowing, the weather was frosty." Or, for example: "It was cold, the birds flew south."

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Allied, in turn, have a different feature. They are also of two or more parts, and unions are used for communication. Unions are of two types - coordinating and subordinating. If subordinating conjunctions are used, the sentence is called complex. If composing conjunctions are used, it is called compound.

Subordinating relationship in a complex sentence

If the parts of a complex sentence are interconnected by means of a subordinate connection, it is called a complex sentence. It consists of two parts: main and subordinate clauses. The main thing is always only one, and there can be several subordinate clauses. From the main part to the subordinate one can raise a question. There are different types of subordination.

adnexa can serve as a circumstance, for example: "I left school when the bell rang." It can also perform the function of an addition: "I told him what I wanted to say for a long time." And, finally, it can serve as a circumstance, for example: “Grandma told her grandson to go where he forgot his briefcase”, “I didn’t come because my grandmother got sick”, « “My mother arrived when the snow melted outside.”

Here are classic examples of variants with different types of subordination. In all examples, the first part will be the main part, and the second - subordinate, respectively, the question is asked from the first part to the second:

• "I love when spring comes";
• "I was reading a book about the house that Jack built";
• “Mom was upset because her son got a deuce”;
• "The boy decided to find out where Santa Claus comes from."

Composition in a complex sentence

We can talk about a coordinative connection in cases where the simple parts that make up the complex are equal in rights, and none of them can be called the main or dependent. Accordingly, the question cannot be posed from one part to another. The most common coordinating conjunctions are conjunctions "a", "but", "and".

Examples of a compositional connection:

• “Mom came home, and the son at that time went for a walk.”
• "I felt bad, but my friends were able to cheer me up."
• "The sun has set and the heads of the dandelions in the meadow have closed."
• "Winter came, and everything around was plunged into white silence."

The coordinative connection in variants with the union "a" is often used in Russian folk proverbs and sayings based on the opposition of any signs, for example: "The hair is expensive, and the mind is short." In the old Russian language, for example, in folklore works (fairy tales, epics, sayings, fables), the union “a” is often replaced by its Old Russian synonym “yes”, for example: “Grandfather came to pull a turnip, but the turnip grew big. The grandfather pulled and pulled the turnip, but called the grandmother for help.

Compound sentences are especially often used in descriptions of nature, when the author of the work wants to give the most complete picture of a summer day, winter night or a bright, beautiful landscape. Here is an example of such a descriptive text with a coordinative link in complex sentences: “It was snowing and people were running home with their collars up. It was still light outside, but the birds had long since ceased. Only the crunch of the snow underfoot was heard, but there was no wind. The sun was slowly setting below the horizon, and two lovers on a park bench were admiring the short winter sunset.

Also, compound sentences, especially sentences with the conjunctions “a” and “but”, are actively used in the scientific style of written speech, in reasoning texts. Here is an example of such reasoning: “The human body is hardy, but the immune system is easily destroyed by the uncontrolled use of antibiotics. Antibiotics as medicines have many advantages, but they cause dysbiosis and have a negative effect on the immune system.”

Punctuation Features

Two parts of a subordinating clause connect with each other subordinating unions. The parts of the compositional type, in turn, are interconnected by compositional conjunctions. A conjunction is a small particle that visually resembles a preposition, but performs a completely different function: connects or two sentences that are inside one.

In both complex and complex sentences, unions must be preceded by a comma. While reading aloud, you need to pause before this comma. The omission of a comma before conjunctions using a coordinating and subordinating connection is considered a gross syntactic error. However, elementary and even high school often make such mistakes in dictations, in independent and verification work in the Russian language, in essays and written works in literature. In this regard, in school curriculum learning the Russian language includes a separate section devoted to working out the rules of punctuation.

In complex non-union sentences to connect two parts, you can use not only a comma, but also other punctuation marks, for example:

• "The sun rose, the birds woke up with the usual morning song."
• "I warned you: playing with fire is very dangerous!"
• "Lit up full moon, illuminating the earth with its radiance; sensing the approach of night, the wolf howled in the distant forest; somewhere in the distance, on a tree, an owl hooted.

Complex sentences help to make written and oral speech especially expressive. They are actively used in texts of various contents. Their correct spelling in compliance with all punctuation rules indicates that a person knows the Russian language well and is able to clearly express his thoughts in writing. neglect existing rules punctuation, on the contrary, indicates a low level of human speech culture. Teachers of the Russian language and literature should pay special attention to correct writing complex sentences when checking students' written work.

Communication in the offer- this is a way to give the sentence meaningfulness, completeness of thought, as well as logical, lexical and syntactic usefulness. There are two types of communication in a sentence - coordinating and subordinating.

writing connection in a sentence - this is a combination of elements that are independent of each other in a sentence: homogeneous members in a simple sentence or simple sentences as part of a compound sentence.

subordination in a sentence, it is a combination of elements that depend on each other: words in a phrase, sentence, or simple sentences as part of a complex one.

How to determine the type of relationship in a sentence?

First of all, it is necessary to discard the grammatical basis, since the subject is always associated with the predicate, it is also worth excluding introductory words.

Example. I wanted to go outside, but the door was locked.

Compound sentence with two independent parts, compound sentence. Based on this, in this proposal used composing form of communication.

I wanted to go outside because the air in the room was very stale.

A complex sentence that has subordination- one sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the other. The proposal is complex.

Types of subordination.

Exists three types of subordination:

Coordination- this is a type of connection when the dependent and the main word (a noun or another part of speech in the role of a noun) are likened to each other in gender, number and case. Most simple examples agreements - in phrases: vile rain, cheerful me, invisible someone, a random passer-by, a booming “th”.

As dependent words when agreed, any changeable parts of speech can appear: adjectives, pronouns (possessive, definitive, demonstrative, negative, indefinite) and ordinal numbers.

No money, funny storyteller, your sister, the first person you meet.

Control- the type of communication in which main word requires a special case form of the dependent word. Case form at the same time, it is due to certain morphological norms in the Russian language. The main sign of the presence of control in a phrase or sentence is the use of a preposition, although there is also a non-prepositional form of control. In the presence of control, the dependent word will always answer questions of indirect cases.

Look at the moon, admire the moon, sign for receipt, sign documents, forget about problems, forget the formula.

In written speech, complex sentences are often presented with different types connections: with composition and submission, composition and non-union; unionlessness and submission, etc. However, as a rule, one of the types of communication (composition, non-union) is the leading one, the main one.

Therefore, when analyzing and arranging punctuation marks, it is recommended to use the following sequence:

1. Highlight the grammatical foundations of sentences, and on this basis - all simple sentences as part of a complex one.
2. Establish means of communication between simple sentences as part of a complex one.
3. Break the complex sentence into pairs of simple ones that are directly related to each other.
4. Build a vertical diagram of a complex sentence, reflecting the system of dependencies of simple sentences as part of a complex one.
5. Based on the vertical scheme, establish a central connection in a complex sentence (composition, non-conjunction).
6. Indicate which simple sentences are directly connected by a central link and which blocks each of these simple sentences forms.
7. Set relationships within each block.
8. Build a horizontal diagram of a complex sentence.
9. Arrange punctuation marks based on the vertical and horizontal schemes of the complex sentence.

Sample parsing

Clairville especially liked the young lady with whom he was imprisoned; she was what a girl from the progressive Petersburg intelligentsia should have been(Aldanov).

There are 4 grammatical bases in this sentence: 1) the young lady liked; 2) planted she was like that; 4) young woman should have been what . Therefore, this complex sentence consists of four simple sentences:

1) ;
2) with which he was placed;
3) she was like that;
4) what should have been a girl from the Petersburg progressive intelligentsia.

Clairville especially liked that young lady / 1 with which he was placed / 2 she was like that / 3 what should have been / 4 .

Sentences 2 and 4 contain subordinating means of communication - allied words with which, what. Sentences 1 and 3 have no coordinating or subordinating means of communication.

a) 1→2: Clairville especially liked that young lady / 1 , with which he was jailed/ 2 is a complex sentence, where sentence 1 is the main one, and sentence 2 is a subordinate clause;

b) 3→4: She was such is / 3 , what should have been a girl from the progressive intelligentsia of St. Petersburg/ 4 is a complex sentence, where sentence 3 is the main one, and sentence 4 is a subordinate clause;

c) 1:3: Clairville especially liked that young lady / 1: she was like that/ 3 is unionless proposal, relationships are causal, a union can be inserted between the parts because.

[n. + UK. next] 1: [loc.-verb.] 3
def. ↓ ↓skaz.
(with which- union. next) 2 ( which- union. next) 4

Therefore, this is a complex sentence with non-union and submission. On the top line of the vertical diagram are sentences 1 and 3, connected by an allied connection. This means that the central connection is unionless. In other words, this is an allied proposal with submission.

The central connection directly connects sentences 1 and 3. Each of these sentences has subordinate clauses with it. Thus, within a complex sentence with a central non-union connection, two blocks are distinguished: block I consists of sentences 1 and 2; II block - proposals 3 and 4.

Block I (sentences 1 and 2) is a complex sentence, where the first is the main one, the second is a subordinate clause that refers to the subject young woman, expressed by a noun; means of communication - an allied word with which and a demonstrative word that; the subordinate clause comes after the main clause.

Block II (sentences 3 and 4) is a complex sentence, where the third is the main one, the fourth is the subordinate predicate, which refers to the pronoun-predicate such is; means of communication - union word what; the subordinate clause comes after the main clause.

[n. + UK. next] 1 , ( with which- union. sl.) 2: [loc.-narr.] 3, ( which- union. next) 4 .

Clairville especially liked the young lady with whom they put him: she was what a girl from the progressive Petersburg intelligentsia should have been.(Aldanov).

The boy was kind, but only the kalachnik was always told that caution was required with Selivan because he had a red mark on his face, and this is not for nothing(Leskov).

This proposal contains 5 grammar basics: 1) the boy was kind; 2) spoke(single-part indefinite personal sentence); 3) caution required; 4) mark was; 5) it is not set.

Therefore, this complex sentence consists of five simple sentences:

1) the boy was kind;
2) ;
3) that with Selivan caution is required;
4) because he had a red mark on his face;
5) this is not a gift.

Therefore, a complex sentence is broken down into simple ones as follows:

The boy was kind / 1 / 2 that with Selivan caution is required / 3 because he had a red mark on his face / 4 and this is not a gift / 5 .

Sentences 3 and 4 contain subordinating means of communication - unions that, because. Sentences 2 and 5 are preceded by coordinating conjunctions but, a. Sentence 1 has no coordinating and subordinating means of communication.

A complex sentence can be divided into the following pairs of simple ones:

a) 1-2: The boy was kind / 1 , but only the kalachnik was always told/ 2 is compound sentence, means of communication - adversative union but;

b) 2→3: only the kalachnik was always told / 2 , that caution is required with Selivan / 3- this is a complex sentence, where sentence 2 is the main one, and sentence 3 is a subordinate clause;

c) 3→4: Selivan needs to be careful / 3 , because he had a red mark on his face / 4- this is a complex sentence, where sentence 3 is the main one, and sentence 4 is subordinate;

d) 4-5: he had a red mark on his face / 4 , and this is not a gift/ 5 - this is a compound sentence, the means of communication is the opposite conjunction a;

e) 3→5. Since sentence 4 is subordinate (it includes the union because), then sentence 5 is a subordinate clause with the union omitted, but this union can be restored. Sentence 5 is related to the same principal as sentence 4 ( Selivan needs to be careful / 3 , because it's not for free / 5).

Vertical scheme of a complex sentence:

1 , but[ch.] 2
add. ↓
(what- union) 3
incl. ↓
(because- union. sl.) 4 , but (-) 5

Therefore, this is a complex sentence with composition and submission. On the top line of the vertical diagram are sentences 1 and 2, connected by a coordinating adversative union but. Hence, the central connection is coordinative. In other words, this is a compound sentence with subordination.

The central connection directly connects sentences 1 and 2. Sentence 2 has subordinate clauses with it. Thus, within a complex sentence with a central coordinative connection, two blocks are distinguished: Block I is represented by one simple sentence (sentence 1). Block II (sentences 2, 3, 4, 5) are complex sentences with several subordinate clauses.

Block II (sentences 2, 3, 4 and 5) is a complex sentence, where the second is the main one, the rest are subordinate clauses. The clauses are related to the main one sequentially (sentences 3 and 4; 3 and 5) and uniformly (sentences 4 and 5).

I subordinate (sentence 3) - additional, refers to the predicate they said, expressed by the verb, in the main sentence (sentence 2); means of communication - union what; the subordinate clause comes after the main clause.

II subordinate clause (sentence 4) - reasons; refers to everything important (sentence 3); means of communication - union because; the subordinate clause comes after the main

III subordinate clause (sentence 5) - reasons; refers to everything important (sentence 3); means of communication - union because it is omitted; the subordinate clause comes after the main clause.

II and III subordinate clauses are homogeneous, interconnected by an opposing union a.

Horizontal offer layout:

1 , but[ch.] 2 , ( what- union) 3 , ( because- union) 4, but (-) 5 .

So, punctuation marks in a sentence should be arranged as follows:

The boy was kind, but only the kalachnik was always told that caution was required with Selivan, because he had a red mark on his face, and this is not for nothing(Leskov).

Note!

As in complex sentences with several subordinate clauses, in complex sentences with different types of connection, two conjunctions (coordinating and subordinating) or a coordinating union and an allied word belonging to different proposals. Note that a coordinating conjunction may not be in front of the simple sentence to which it refers!

By general rules two unions (union and allied word) belonging to different simple sentences must be separated by a comma (in this case, the sentence with the second union or allied word can be removed without changing the general structure of the complex sentence).

The sun beat on the window / 1 And , / when he raised his head / 2 him had to close my eyes / 3 .

Horizontal layout: 1 , And, (when- union) 2, 3.

Vertical layout: 1 , And 3 .
time ↓
(when- union) 2

Wed: The sun beat on the window / 1 And , / when he raised his head / 2 him had to close my eyes / 3 . - The sun was beating through the window, and he had to close his eyes.

In the case when a sentence with a second union or allied word cannot be removed from the sentence without changing the general structure of the complex sentence, a comma is not placed between the unions or the union and the allied word. In this case, the second part of the double union should follow - then, so, but.

Wed: The sun was beating through the window, and when he raised his head, he had to close his eyes. - The sun beat in the window, and ... then he had to close his eyes.

Plan for parsing a complex sentence with different types of communication

1. Name the type of sentence and the number of simple sentences in the complex.
2. Indicate what types of connection simple sentences are connected as part of a complex one (composition, subordination, non-union).
3. Name the central type of connection. Indicate which offers are directly linked by this link type. Parse this pair as a compound, compound, complex non-union sentence.
4. Indicate the blocks within the complex sentence and give them a description.
5. Parse pairs directly related offers(compound, complex, complex non-union sentences).
6. With a full analysis - give complete description simple sentences in a complex one.

Sample parsing

Everyone had to tell something fantastic from their life, and since the ability to tell is not given to everyone, they did not find fault with the stories from the artistic side.(Leskov).

Every should have told something fantastic from your life, / 1 a / since the ability to tell is not given to everyone, / 2 then they didn’t find fault with stories from the artistic side / 3 .

The proposal is complex three simple, from different connections(composition and submission).

The central connection is coordinative, it directly connects sentences 1 and 3: every should have told something fantastic from your life, / 1 but ... then they didn’t find fault with the stories from the artistic side/ 3 . This is a compound sentence, the means of communication is the adversative conjunction a.

A coordinative link connects two blocks.

Block I is represented by sentence 1.

Block II (sentences 2 and 3) is a complex sentence; sentence 3 - main, sentence 2 - subordinate reason; the subordinate clause refers to everything main; means of communication - double union since ... then; the subordinate clause comes before the main clause.

The unions a and since refer to different simple sentences, but are not separated by a comma, since the second part of the double causal union follows, since ... then; the subordinate clause cannot be removed without changing the structure of the complex sentence as a whole.

Horizontal layout: 1 , but (because- p.) 2 , [ then ] 3 .

Vertical layout: 1 and 3 .
incl. ↓
(because... then- union) 2

For the correct formulation and presentation of their own thoughts, schoolchildren and adults need to learn how to correctly place semantic accents in written speech. If in life we ​​often use simple constructions, then in writing we use complex sentences with different types of connection. Therefore, it is important to know the features of their construction.

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Classification

What types of communication proposals used in Russian :

• coordinative with and without unions, when the components of the syntactic construction are independent, equal in relation to each other;
• subordination, unionless and allied, when one part of the structure is the main one, and the second is dependent;
• allied, coordinating and subordinating, expressed with the help of coordinating or subordinating unions and allied words;

Complex sentences consist of several simple ones, therefore they have more than two grammatical bases. When meeting them, do not be surprised and remember that there can be not only 2 or 3 parts, but on average up to 10-15. They constantly combine different types connections.

The main types of complex sentences with examples:

1. Unionless.
2. Compound.
3. Complex sentences.
4. Structures with different types of connection.

Example unionless connection : The wind drives the clouds to the edge of heaven, the broken spruce groans, the winter forest whispers something.

It should be noted main feature constructions with a coordinative connection. The function of a coordinative connection is to show the equality of parts within a complex sentence, is performed using intonation and the use of coordinating conjunctions. Unionless communication can also be used.

How are compound sentences constructed? examples with diagrams :

The firmament cleared of hanging clouds - and the bright sun came out.

The fields were empty, the autumn forest became dark and transparent.

Sentences of the fourth type usually consist of three or more parts that are connected to each other in different ways. To better understand the meaning of such constructions, how to learn how complex sentences with different types of connection are built and grouped. Often, sentences are divided into several blocks, connected without union or with the help of a coordinating connection, while each of the parts represents a simple or complex sentence.

Dependent parts can have different semantic meanings, according to this feature complex sentences are divided into several groups.

Determinants

They serve to characterize and reveal the attribute of the noun being defined from the main clause. Join with and : where, from where, where, which, what. They are found only inside the main or after it. Questions can be posed to them: what?, whose?

Examples:

How painfully hot in those hours when noon hung in silence and heat.

For a long time he admired, smiling, his capricious beloved daughter, who thought, not noticing anything around.

Explanatory

They refer to words that have the meaning of thoughts (to reflect), feelings (to be sad), speech (answered, said), in order to reveal in detail the meaning of the main word, to clarify, to supplement. They also include demonstrative words - that, that, that, to which the dependent clause is attached. Connected by unions what, to, as if, as if.

Examples:

The guy quickly realized that the girlfriend's parents are not particularly smart, and thought out a further strategy.

This could be seen from the fact that he drove several times with his cart around the yard until he found the hut.

circumstantial

They are related to or to words that have adverbial meaning. Let's name their varieties and ways of attaching to the main word:

• time, specify the period of time when the action is performed, subordinating temporary unions are used for communication: when, until what time (When it was about the war, the stranger lowered his head and thought);
• places, talking about the place, are connected with the main word with allied words-adverbs: where, where, from where (Leaves, wherever you look, were yellow or golden);
• conditions that reveal under what circumstances this or that action is possible, are joined by subordinate conjunctions: if, if ..., then. They can start with particles - so, then (If it rains, then the tent will need to be moved higher);
• degree, specifies the measure or degree of action I, about which in question, questions can be posed to them: to what extent? to what extent? (The rain stopped so quickly that the ground did not have time to get wet.);
• goals, they tell what goal the action pursues and is connected by target unions: so that (In order not to be late, he decided to leave early);
• reasons, union is used for joining - because(He did not complete the task because he fell ill);
• the manner of action, indicate exactly how the action was performed, are joined by subordinating unions: as if, as if, exactly (the Forest was covered in snow, as if someone had bewitched it);
• consequences serve to clarify the result of an action, you can ask them a question - as a result of what? Join the union - so(The snow shone brighter in the sun, so that my eyes hurt);
• concessions, unions are used to join them: let it, although, despite. Allied words can be used (how, how much) with a particle neither (No matter how hard you try, nothing will work without knowledge and skills).

Building offer schemes

Let's take a look at what an offer scheme is. This is a graphic showing the structure proposals in a compact form.

Let's try to draw up schemes of sentences, which include two or more subordinate clauses. To do this, let's turn to examples with different inflected parts of speech.

Complicated sentences may consist of several subordinate clauses, which have a different relationship with each other.

There are the following types of offer links:

• homogeneous or associative;
• parallel (centralized);
• sequential (chain, linear).

Homogeneous

Characterized the following signs:

• all subordinate clauses can be attributed to the whole main thing or to one of the words;
• subordinate clauses are the same in meaning, answer one question;
• coordinating unions are connected or unionless communication is used;
• intonation during pronunciation is enumerative.

Examples and offer linear schemes:

I noticed how the stars began to blur (1), how a coolness swept by with a light breath (2).

, (how how…).

Sometimes subordinate clauses are represented by a cascade of explanatory sentences, depending on one word in the main part:

It is not known where she lived (1), who she was (2), why a Roman artist painted her portrait (3) and what she was thinking about in the picture (4).

, (where ...), (who ...), (why ...) and (about what ...).

Parallel

Such complex sentences have subordinate clauses with different values belonging to several types

Here are examples of sentences with diagrams:

When our boat sailed from the ship to the shore, we noticed that women and children began to run away from the settlement.

(When that…).

Here two subordinate clauses depend on the main clause: tense and explanatory.

Constructions can create a chain, which can be depicted in the diagram as follows:

In some places, houses were crowded, which in their color were similar to the surrounding rocks, that one had to be closer to distinguish them.

, (which ...), (what ...), (to ...).

Possible and another variant when one sentence is inside another. Sometimes constructions are combined, linking with one subordinate clause within another.

At first, the blacksmith was terribly frightened when the devil raised his devil so high that nothing could be seen below, and rushed under the very moon so that he could catch it with his hat.

, (when…, (what…), and…), (what…).

The proposals use various punctuation marks:

• comma, example: The final remark of the sister-in-law ended already on the street, where she went on her urgent business;
• semicolon: Some time later, everyone in the village was fast asleep; only a month hung high in the luxurious Ukrainian sky;
• colon: It happened like this: at night the tank got stuck in a swamp and drowned;
• dash: Thick hazel bushes will block your path, if you hurt yourself on a prickly thorn bush - stubbornly go forward.

consistent

Simple structures are connected to one another in a chain:

There is a known knot on a tree trunk, on which you put your foot when you want to climb an apple tree.

, (on which ...), (when ...).

Determination procedure

What plan determines the types of communication of sentences in a letter. We offer a step-by-step guide that is suitable for any occasion:

• read the offer carefully;
• highlight all grammatical bases;
• divide the structure into parts and number them;
• find allied words and conjunctions, in their absence, take into account intonation;
• determine the nature of the connection.

​If available two independent parts, then this is a sentence with a coordinating connection. When one sentence gives the reason for what is being discussed in another, then this is a complex sentence with subordination.

Attention! Attachments can be replaced or participle turnover. Example: In the black sky dotted with myriads of small stars, soundless lightning appeared here and there.

Learning Russian - complex sentences with different types of connection

Types of communication in complex sentences

Output

The types of connection of sentences depend on their classification. They use . The schemes are very diverse, there are many interesting options. Graphic drawing of a proposal allows you to quickly determine construction and sequence of all components, highlight the basics, find the main thing and correctly punctuate.