Grammatically, "because" is always written separately.

Why not merged or hyphenated?

First, let's define what kind of part of speech this is - "because"? BUT it is nothing more than a complex union.

Despite the temptation to write this sustainable combination merged ("because"), it is correct to write it separately after all, because “because” and “what” are two different words, albeit united in a compound union.

The same applies to such a spelling as "because." Apparently there is some confusion independent word“what” with the particle “-something”, which is just the right way to write with a hyphen (“because”).

When to write "because"

Now we propose to investigate another question: is it possible to write this combination in three words? Let's look at examples.

• Judging by what I heard, it is pointless to hope for their reconciliation.
• What can you learn about a man by what he eats?
• The character of a woman can be determined by what she carries in her purse.

In the above sentences, “because” is correct to write in three words, since in these cases it is not a complex union, but a combination of the preposition “by”, the pronoun “that” and the conjunction “what”. Distinguish it from compound union It's not difficult: you just need to ask the question "why?". A sentence that contains "because" will answer your question, and in the case of "because" you will not wait for the answer due to the illogicality of the question.

By the way, in the first example, the phrase “judging by the fact that” is also a complex union, the spelling of which must be remembered.

Semantics

The union "because" attaches the subordinate clause of a complex sentence.

• You lie to me, and all this only because you are afraid of falling out of favor.
• I don't tend to lose my head because of love, because I don't let my feelings get the best of my mind.
• In sentences with this union, you will always find the connection between the base and the effect.

Synonyms

If you need to replace “because” with a conjunction that is close in meaning, we suggest choosing from the following row:

• Because,
• Because of,
• Insofar as,
• As,
• After all,
• That's why,
• Owing to the fact that
• Thanks to,
• Then,
• Due to the fact that.

When choosing one of these synonyms, pay attention to the appropriateness of using it in a particular style of speech. So, let's say, the colloquial "because" will clearly not fit into the official business style, and the bookish "because" will sound ridiculous in common speech.

Punctuation features

When it comes to graphically highlighting a union in a letter, the main difficulty lies in where to put a comma - before the union or inside it. Let's figure it out.

The place of a comma in such sentences, as a rule, is determined by the writer himself. It depends on what purpose he pursues in his statement. Examples for comparison:

• She liked him because he behaved gallantly.(The result is emphasized.)
• I don't keep pets because I don't have time to take care of them.(The reason is emphasized.)

When the union is dismembered, "because" is included in the main part of the complex sentence.

• I won't go to the cinema with him(for what reason?) because he doesn't know how to behave.
• The actress's cheeks flushed red.(for what reason?) because(why exactly?) that she forgot the text.

However, there is a number of conditions under which the union must be divided into two parts:

1. Particle "not" before the union.

• He loved her not because she possessed unearthly beauty.

2. Before the union, a particle that takes on the functions of limitation, amplification, etc.

• He agreed only because it promised him favorable prospects.

3. Introductory word (construction) before the union.

• She was late, probably because she took a long time choosing a dress.

4. "Because" is included in a number of parallel constructions (these can also be homogeneous members).

I value my friends because they keep me from getting bored, and even more so because they are my only support in life.

There is no need to dismember a complex union if it is at the beginning of a sentence(most likely it will be incomplete sentence). Examples:

• Because you are dear to me.
• Because it's more convenient for me.

Let's do brief conclusion: if the sentence focuses on the reason, a comma before “what”, if the result is a comma before “because”.

So, now we know for sure: the complex union “because” has the only correct spelling - separate. Why is it important to know? Because literacy has been valued at all times, and even more so now.

BECAUSE or BECAUSE
(comma for complex subordinating conjunctions)

In the language, unlike arithmetic, from the rearrangement of the places of terms, the sum not only changes, but can sometimes turn into a difference.

Best of all, perhaps, this property of our writing demonstrate two popular "punctuation jokes". The first of them is about the loser Vita Perestukin, the hero of L. Geraskina's story "In the Land of Unlearned Lessons", whose fate turned out to be dependent on how he puts a comma in the sentence passed on him by His Majesty the Imperative Verb "for ignorance, laziness and ignorance mother tongue": EXECUTE SHOULD NOT BE PARTY. And the second is about a certain traveler who, at the moment of danger, promised in case of salvation " put up a golden statue holding a pike ", but as soon as the danger passed, he decided not to fork out and gave the order: " Set up a statue holding a golden lance ".
Russian punctuation, according to the remark of one of its most subtle researchers N.S. Valgina, "has a clear purpose - to convey to the reader the meaning of what is written as it is reproduced by the writer." That is why it is by its very definition subjective, and therefore - and this is its fundamental difference from spelling - in most cases with the need for variation. And it is absolutely necessary to remember this when studying the system of punctuation rules: after all, according to A.P. Chekhov, "in work of art signs often play the role of notes, and it is impossible to learn them from a textbook; It takes intuition and experience."

Try to find punctuation errors in the following sentences and understand how incorrect punctuation breaks the meaning of the text:
1. It has long been established that octopuses are excellent learners, they have a good memory, they recognize the people who feed them and can become tame.
2. Anton shed a tear when he saw him, bowed to the ground, told him that his old master was still alive and ran to harness the horses (A. Pushkin).
3. She [Anna Sergeevna] walked alone, all in the same beret with a white spitz (A. Chekhov).
4. With the Earth, I maintained two-way radio communication and heard the voices of comrades who worked at radio stations as clearly as if they were nearby (According to Yu. Gagarin).
5. Suddenly the coachman began to look away and, finally taking off his hat, turned to me and said: "Master, would you order me to come back?" (A. Pushkin).
6. Unfortunately, he was extremely myopic so that he even wore glasses on some special order (A. Kuprin).
7. On the lower floor, under the balcony, the windows were probably open because women's voices and laughter were clearly heard (A. Chekhov).

The last two examples illustrate the rule about punctuation in a complex sentence with a compound subordinating conjunction ( due to the fact that, in view of the fact that, due to the fact that, because, instead of, in order to, while, because, because, despite the fact that, after, before like before etc.).
If a subordinate clause connected to the main one with the help of a complex (compound) subordinating union, then the place of the punctuation mark is often determined by the writer himself - depending on the specific goals of the statement. You can write He liked herbecause was very beautiful(emphasis on results) or She liked himbecausewas very beautiful(emphasis on cause).
When the union is dismembered, its first part becomes a correlative word included in the main part of the complex sentence as one of its members (as a rule, circumstances), and the subordinate clause acquires a clarifying character: Her face was subtly rosy and slightly glossy.(for what reason?) because(why exactly?) , what(M. Sholokhov). (Compare her face<…>glossy (for what reason?), because ofshe recently washed her face with soap.)

However, there are formal conditions, dictating the mandatory dismemberment / non-membership of such a union. The conditions for the mandatory dismemberment of the union include the following:

The presence of a negative particle "not" before the union, for example: She liked himnot becausewas very beautiful.

The presence of amplifying, restrictive and other particles before the union, for example: She liked himonly (only, in particular, especially etc.) because was very beautiful.

Presence before union introductory word or an introductory construct, for example: He liked herapparently (probably, maybe, it seems, obviously, I think, I suppose etc.) , becausewas very beautiful.

Inclusion of the first part (correlative word) in a series homogeneous members or parallel constructs, for example: She liked himbecausewas very beautifuland even more because had an extraordinary charm.

It must be borne in mind that some unions, when broken into two parts, change their meaning dramatically, for example: I fell, so broke my knee (subordinate consequence) - I fell sobroke my knee(subordinate modus operandi with a hint of the degree of this quality); He looked at herashe liked her(subordinate reason) - He looked at herasif he liked her(subordinate modus operandi with a hint of the degree of this quality).
More often, a complex subordinating union is not divided if the subordinate clause precedes the main one, for example: As the snow in the pot turned gray and turned into a milky cloudy liquid, Pavel added snow from a bucket(B. Okudzhava). The undividedness of the union in such a position is explained by the fact that the last part of the sentence is usually accentuated, while accents are rare at the beginning. Wed: Asthe sun was rising, the day was warm and cheerful(I. Bunin). - Noise subsided as the news penetrated all corners of the hall(L. Leonov).
Complex unions are not dismembered while, while : He liked to read detective storieswhile (whereas) his wife preferred the romance genre.
The possibility of dismembering the union while is detected when the temporal meaning is updated, especially when words are included just, still, most, exactly : I asked my grandfather about itjust at the time when he swung it was the second boots(M. Prishvin). Such sentences are close to sentences with the union when (during the time when ): Mushrooms are really starting to growduring the time when rye sweeps an ear(V. Tendryakov).

In the story of A. Kanevsky "On the benefits of punctuation marks" it is said how " a person lost a comma, became afraid of complex sentences. I was looking for a better phrase. For simple phrases came simple thoughts.
Then he lost the exclamation point and began to speak quietly, with one intonation. Nothing pleased or revolted him, he treated everything without emotions.
Then he lost the question mark and stopped asking any questions. No events aroused his curiosity, no matter where they happened - in space, on Earth, or even in his own apartment.
After a couple of years, he lost his colon and stopped explaining his actions to people.
By the end of his life, he was left with only quotation marks. He did not express a single idea of ​​his own, he always quoted someone - so he completely forgot how to think and reached the point.
Watch out for punctuation marks!"

It is correct to write the union because in two words, and the phrase preposition + pronoun + union separately in three words.

Spelling

Difficulties in writing arise due to the fact that this union refers to derivatives. That is, it is formed by combining two bases. Such words are often spelled together to avoid complete homonymy with the stems that produce them. Such, for example, are also - the same, so that - what, but - for that. In order to competently solve the question of how it is written because, you need to dwell on the following points.

• If you look at the derived lexemes of the type too, which have also changed their spelling to fused as a result of the word-formation process, you can see that they come from monosyllabic words. Long lexemes are much less likely to merge into one whole. In the adverb because, from which came because, two syllables. The adverb itself is already formed by merging the preposition po and the pronoun that, written together. Further addition of another root would be redundant from the point of view of the Russian language, where there is a strong tendency to save language tools. Therefore, in the question of how to write: because or because, it is correct to give preference to the first option, write the word separately.
• Another possible option is to write with a hyphen. In the case of because the desire to write with a hyphen arises from an analogy with for some reason, however, from the point of view of spelling rules, there is no reason for this. “Because” does not contain in its composition particles either, or, which should be written with a hyphen.
• It is worth remembering that under the influence of pronunciation, you can make a mistake in the second part of the word. The correct spelling is what, although it is pronounced [what].

Thus, a compound derivative union because it is always written separately, with the letter h.

What parts of speech can be the word because

However, when you see “because”, you should not automatically determine the part of speech of this word. There are two options here:

1. Therefore, it is part of the union. For example: I was late because I forgot to set my alarm.
2. Therefore, it is an adverb. For example: The weather was good, so I decided to walk the stop.

To determine the partial affiliation in each case, you can use the table

When is it correct to write in three words

Another problem is to distinguish between a union with a homonymous construction consisting of a preposition, a pronoun and a union word. Correct writing in this case separate: by the fact that.

This design has the following properties:

• You can ask a question of the dative case to the pronoun: why?
• What- a relative pronoun, acting as a union word. It can be replaced by a noun that is suitable in meaning, to determine which member of the sentence it acts as.
• The subordinate part has an explanatory meaning, not a causal one, that is, it explains the word "by that" from the main one.

For example: Returning from the war, a soldier walked through what was once a beautiful city.
Went for what?- because. From the context it is possible to replace with a noun: over ruins, ruins, which was a beautiful city. The union word that acts as a subject explains the pronoun "then" from the main part.

Punctuation marks in sentences

To decide where to put a comma in a sentence with because, you need to consider the following punctuation rules:

1. A comma is placed before because, at the junction of two grammar basics in a complex sentence. The student was unable to complete the task because he listened to the teacher's explanation.
2. When because is at the beginning, the comma is not put, as it is usually an incomplete sentence. Such constructions are used by writers to achieve an artistic effect of highlighting. This technique is called parcelling. For example: Let this person urgently flies to Moscow. Because they are waiting for him at the Vnukovo airport. It's been almost two years now. In business writing, it is inappropriate to use such a technique.
3. A comma is placed between because and what if:
   1. The therefore is preceded by the negation of not. Russia is loved not because it is a big and strong country.
   2. The word is therefore highlighted with the help of particles (only, only, exactly), or it is preceded by introductory words (probably, perhaps, of course). Sasha was afraid of heights, probably because as a child he climbed a tree and could not get down from there for a long time.
   3. falls on him logical stress. The correct placement of signs depends on the purpose of the statement. If the speaker's task is to emphasize the reason for what happened, then it can be rearranged, a comma stands between words. I love spring because everything around is changing. Here the emphasis is on the reason for the love of spring; so it is possible to rearrange: That's why I love spring... If it is more important to indicate the result, a punctuation mark is placed before because: My friends love summer, and I love spring, because everything around is changing.
   4. Therefore, it is included in a homogeneous series. Sonya was frightened by the gunshots, the sound of breaking glass, the screams, and because her father still hadn't returned home.
4. In sentences where the by-what construction is used, a comma should be placed before the what. By what a person says about other people, one can draw a conclusion about his upbringing.

How to understand where to put commas, and where it is not necessary? This punctuation mark is an important tool for the design of written speech. Often it is he who helps to understand the meaning invested by the author in the text. Commas are arranged according to certain rules that are easy to remember. So why not remember school lessons?

History reference

How to figure out where to put commas? People have been asking this question for more than a millennium. The sign that performs the function of a comma was invented by the famous ancient Greek philosopher Aristophanes of Byzantium. It happened in the third century BC. Even then, mankind desperately needed to clarify the written language.

Aristophanes of Byzantium came up with a system of punctuation marks, very far from modern punctuation. He used special dots, which had to be placed depending on how the phrase was pronounced when reading. They could be located at the bottom, middle or top of the line. The function of a comma in those days was assigned to a dot in the middle.

The sign that is used today is derived from the fraction symbol. The modern comma is a mini-copy of the one used from the 13th to 17th centuries to indicate a pause.

How to know where to put commas

So, how to quickly and easily learn the rules, stop making mistakes? How to figure out where to put commas and where they are not needed? To begin with, you should remember that this punctuation mark serves to isolate and highlight:

• introductory words, clarifications;
• definitions;
• interjections;
• participial and participle turnovers;
• appeals;
• circumstances.

Of course, that's not all. The punctuation mark can also be used to separate:

• homogeneous members of the proposal;
• between indirect and direct speech;
• between parts of a complex, compound and complex sentence.

Commas can be single or double. Singles break the sentence into parts, fixing the boundaries of these parts. This punctuation mark is needed, for example, when it is necessary to indicate two simple parts in complex sentence. Paired commas can be used, say, to highlight participial and adverbial phrases, introductory words.

Meaning of the sentence

The meaning of the sentence will help you understand where to put commas. After all, punctuation marks are used precisely in order to convey it correctly. If a comma is in the wrong place in a sentence, the meaning is inevitably distorted.

For example: “During the day I entertained my sister, who was sick with reading aloud”; “Elizaveta, with whom I quarreled a few days ago with a cheerful face, came towards me”; “I accepted the invitation of Anton, whom I had not seen for many days with joy.” The commas are not where they should or are missing, so the meaning changes. The person who read the text does not understand what the author wanted to say.

Before unions

In order not to make mistakes, it is necessary to remember the unions before which this punctuation mark is placed. When, where, what, because, since are just some of them.

Let's assume that the conjunction "because" is used in the sentence. Where to put commas? Examples help to understand this. Let's say: "Nikolai is late, because he does not have time to get ready"; “Svetlana will not come, as she has urgent business”; “Ksenia did what she had never done before”; “Vladimir answered in a way that no one before him could. The teacher gave him the highest score.

Let's say that the sentence contains the union "because". Where to put commas? It is easy to give examples in this case as well. Let's say: "Alexander was not at the meeting because he is on a business trip"; “Elena did not cope with the task, because everyone refused to help her”; "Nikolai refused to marry a rich bride because he didn't like her at all." A comma can also be placed between the words "because" and "what". For example: "The windows were wide open because the voices heard in the street were clearly audible in the apartment." This offer confirms that the windows are indeed open. There is another example: "The windows were open because the apartment was very hot." This sentence explains the reason for opening them.

Independent part of the proposal

How do you know where to put commas in a sentence? With the help of this punctuation mark it stands out independent part. How to find it? If the meaning of the sentence is preserved after some part is removed from it, then it is independent. introductory sentences, adverbial phrases must be separated by commas.

For example: “Yesterday I was told that my brother Dmitry, returning from Paris, felt unwell.” If cross out participial turnover"returning from Paris", the meaning of the sentence will not change much.

What other example can be given? “Today Stanislav learned that his girlfriend, passing by his house, did not come to visit him.”

Introductory words

Where should commas be placed if the sentence contains introductory words? By the way, imagine, fortunately, of course, by the way - just a few of them. The rules of the Russian language tell them to be separated by commas on both sides.

For example: “I, by the way, always knew that this would happen”; “Dmitry, fortunately, has already overcome his illness”; “Anastasia, imagine, she decided not to come to visit us”; “Marina, by the way, has been working in this sports club for several years now.”

Appeal

The appeal is also always separated by commas in a sentence. It is not always at the beginning, it can be in the middle or even at the end.

For example: "Are you coming to visit us this week, Lydia?"; “More than anything, Margarita, I love to read”; "Alexandra, how do you feel about this plan?"

Comparative turns

Where to put commas? The rules of the Russian language tell us to use these punctuation marks to highlight comparative phrases. As if, how, exactly, what, than, than - unions, thanks to which they are easy to detect in a sentence.

For example: "I play the guitar better than she"; “He runs like he’s been training for a marathon for the last few years”; “It was safer to drive at night than during the day”, “In Moscow, as in many other Russian cities, I often visit.”

We must not forget about the existence of exceptions. Comparative turns are not indicated with commas in the event that we are talking about phraseological units, set expressions. For example: "Cuts like clockwork"; “It pours like a bucket”, “Stuck like a bath leaf”; "Make yourself at home".

Between homogeneous members

Homogeneous members of the sentence will not always share this punctuation mark. How do you know where to put commas and where not? However, but, but, but, yes - conjunctions in which this means of punctuation is necessary.

A comma is placed between homogeneous members if they are connected by repeated unions (either ... or, or ... either, and ... and, not that ... not that). For example: “In the apartment, the light went out, then it turned on again.” This punctuation mark is not needed when single conjunctions are used or, or, yes, and.

Complexity is capable of creating heterogeneous and homogeneous definitions. A comma is used if the sentence contains homogeneous definitions. Let's say: "an exciting, interesting action movie." However, this punctuation mark is not needed if heterogeneous definitions are used. For example: "Hollywood thriller." "Hollywood" refers to the location of the painting, while "captivating" allows you to express the impression.

Participial

Where is it correct to put commas when talking about sentences with participial turnover? Participles are indicated by this punctuation mark only in cases where they are located after the word being defined. It's about about the word from which to participle turnover a question is asked. Let's say: "a brother who was surprised at my arrival", "a friend who was delighted with the news", "a mother who learned everything", "an apple tree that grew in the garden."

Coordinating conjunctions

This punctuation mark is necessary in a complex sentence in which there are coordinating conjunctions. The rules say to put it in front of them. Yes and, or, and, or, yes are examples of such unions.

The most important thing is to correctly understand where the beginning of one sentence and the end of another. This is easy to do by defining the subject and the predicate. Separation by meaning will also help.

For example: “It rained all day, and the wind continued to make noise outside the window”; "They worked hard, but they finished all the work."

Contrastive conjunctions

Before oppositional conjunctions (a, yes, but), this punctuation mark is necessary in all cases. For example: “His relatives and friends had high hopes for Eugene, but he failed to justify them”; “It rained in the morning, but the weather improved by afternoon”; "Your friend wants to talk to you, and you need this conversation."

What else do you need to know

What else can you tell about where to put commas in accordance with the rules of the Russian language? With the help of this punctuation mark, interjections, negative, interrogative and affirmative words are distinguished. Let's say: “Life, alas, does not last forever, sooner or later a person dies”, “Of course, Alexander will join us for dinner today, as he promised me to do it”; “Isn't it true that Victoria is very pretty? After all, do you like this girl too? ”,“ Undoubtedly, Anatoly will go to trip around the world this week. I learned about it from himself”, “I hope Timothy did not hold a grudge.”

Interjections should not be confused with particles ah, oh, well, which serve to enhance the connotation. For example: “Oh, what a!”; "Well, why does Alexander behave so badly!"; "Oh, how tired I am, I worked all day today without rest." It is also necessary to be able to distinguish the particle o, which is used when addressing. Let's say: "O mountains, mountains!"; "O fields, boundless fields."

Conclusion

Punctuation errors capable of distorting the meaning of the text more than spelling. The latter can always be passed off as a typo, while the omission of a comma or its use in the wrong place will not allow the reader to understand what the author wanted to say.

It is the understanding of the meaning that allows you to punctuate correctly. Of course, it is important to remember the rules regarding the placement of commas in a sentence.

where a comma is put in "because" and got the best answer

Answer from User deleted[guru]


When the union is dismembered, its first part becomes a correlative word included in the main part of the complex sentence as one of its members (as a rule, circumstances), and the subordinate clause acquires a clarifying character: Her face turned subtly pink and slightly glossy (for what reason?) because (why exactly?) that she recently washed her face with soap (M. Sholokhov). (Compare her face<…>she was shiny (for what reason?), because she had recently washed her face with soap.)


3. The presence of an introductory word or an introductory construction before the union, for example: He liked her, apparently (probably, maybe, it seems, obviously, one must think, I suppose, etc.), because she was very beautiful.

Source:

Answer from Yatiana[guru]
before "because"

Answer from Jovetlana[guru]
....because...

Answer from Zhenya Smirnova[newbie]
before sl because

Answer from Vika Senchenko[active]
no where

Answer from Zarinochka[guru]
front

Answer from Vitalik Vitalik[newbie]
Because his parents gave him.

Answer from Pnis Chalabari[newbie]
Why do not you answer??

Answer from Max Romanov[newbie]
front

Answer from Sasha Leoniev[newbie]
not put

Answer from Lina Brown[newbie]
Example:
I didn't go to school because I didn't feel well.
There is a comma before "because".

Answer from teacher[newbie]
A comma is placed: 1) ... because ... or 2) ... because ... That is, either before "because", or before "what". And nothing else.

Answer from Oleg Kozyukov[newbie]
This is not a phrase, but a complex subordinating union ... The place of the comma depends on the meaning of the sentence and on some language situations.
If a comma is placed between the parts of the union, they say about the DIVISION of the union. This union is dismembered, i.e., a comma is placed after BECAUSE in the following cases:
1) before the union there is a negation of not, for example: Pastukhov got along with Tsvetukhin not because he gravitated towards actors.
2) before the union there are reinforcing, restrictive and other particles, for example: Is it worth giving up a difficult task just because it is difficult?
3) before the union there is an introductory word (introductory construction), for example: Visiting the Pryakhins, everyone felt free, perhaps because Pavel Romanovna did not try to occupy anyone.
In other cases, as a rule, a comma is placed before the beginning complex union, i.e. before BECAUSE ...

Answer from ¦ ? ¦ ? ¦ ¦ ? [newbie]
It would not hurt you to give an example of a sentence with the union because, and not just a union without context.
If the subordinate clause is connected to the main one with the help of a complex (compound) subordinating union, then the place of the punctuation mark is often determined by the writer himself - depending on the specific goals of the statement. You can write He liked her because she was very beautiful (emphasis on the result) or he liked her because she was very beautiful (emphasis on the cause).
When the union is dismembered, its first part becomes a correlative word included in the main part of the complex sentence as one of its members (as a rule, circumstances), and the subordinate clause acquires a clarifying character: Her face turned subtly pink and slightly glossy (for what reason?) because (why exactly?) that she recently washed her face with soap (M. Sholokhov). (Compare her face<…>she was shiny (for what reason?) because she had recently washed her face with soap.)
However, there are formal conditions that dictate the mandatory dismemberment / non-membership of such an alliance. The conditions for the mandatory dismemberment of the union include the following:
1. The presence of a negative particle "not" before the union, for example: He did not like her because she was very beautiful.
2. The presence of amplifying, restrictive and other particles before the union, for example: He liked her only (only, in particular, just, exactly, etc.) because she was very beautiful.
3. The presence of an introductory word or an introductory construction before the union, for example: He liked her, apparently (probably, maybe, it seems, obviously, one must think, I suppose, etc.), because she was very beautiful.
4. The inclusion of the first part (correlative word) in a series of homogeneous members or parallel constructions, for example: He liked her because she was very beautiful, and even more so because she had an extraordinary charm.