When working with various texts, many need to parse a sentence according to its composition. The implementation of such an analysis usually implies that a person has the appropriate philological knowledge that can help in the correct analysis of the text he needs. At the same time, there are also services in the network that perform online sentence parsing operations. After a thorough study of the rules for parsing different offers In terms of composition, I decided to present all my achievements in this article.

Sentence Parsing Rules

In the beginning, I note that the expression “parsing a sentence by composition” is somewhat incorrect, since words are usually parsed by composition, and what we are interested in in this case is called “syntactic analysis of a sentence”.

At the same time, the specified parsing(in school it is also called "parsing by members") is usually done as follows:

• Decide which sentence to be analyzed according to the purpose of his statement (declarative, interrogative, or has an incentive character);
• Indicate the emotional coloring of the sentence (it is exclamatory or not exclamatory);
• Note the number of grammatical bases in this proposal(if the sentence is simple - then one basis, if complex - two or more);

If the sentence is simple:

Simple sentence example:

“It was an extraordinary autumn day!”

After parsing, we can see that this sentence is declarative, exclamatory, simple, two-part, complete, not complicated.

If the sentence is complex:

• Decide on the connection in a complex sentence - allied or non-union;
• Indicate the connection used in the sentence - intonation, subordinating, coordinating;
• Indicate the type of complex sentence - non-union, compound, compound.

Complex sentence example:

"There were roses and lilies in the bouquet, but she liked tulips more."

After syntactic analysis of this sentence, we can see that this sentence has a narrative character, not an exclamation, complex, has an allied connection, compound. The first sentence here is two-part, the grammatical basis is the words “roses and lilies were”, it is common, and complicated by homogeneous subjects.

The second sentence in this complex sentence is two-part, its grammatical basis is the words “I liked tulips”, the sentence is common and not complicated.

Services for parsing proposals by composition online

Due to the richness of grammatical structures, and the complexity of creating a powerful network tool for parsing text, the services presented on the network (of which there are few) have rather weak capabilities for conducting a full-fledged parsing of sentences. However, I would highlight the following resources:

Seosin.ru

Among the Russian-language resources for online semantic analysis (de facto, they are practically not represented), I would single out the seosin.ru service. It allows you to identify syntactic and morphological errors, demonstrates the general associativity of the text, and performs other types of analysis. Unfortunately, the service does not always work stably; dysfunctions are often observed in its work.

1. To work with this service, go to the site seosin.ru.
2. Enter your proposal in the appropriate box, and click on "Analyze".

Lexisrex.com

lovers in English the powerful linguistic resource lexisrex.com can help with parsing. Its capabilities allow you to analyze the proposal by its members. At the same time, this site also has other auxiliary tools for the implementation of various types of linguistic analysis online.

1. To access this resource, please log in to lexisrex.com.
2. Paste your proposal into the appropriate box and click on the "Analyze" button.

Forums of linguists

In syntactic parsing of a sentence online, you can turn to the help of the "human factor" and go to various forums of linguists (level gramota.turbotext.ru, rusforus.ru and analogues). Register there, ask your question, and they will definitely help you.

Conclusion

Network resources that allow analysis of proposals by composition are rather scarce, which is associated with the difficulties of creating such resources. However, there are several such tools on the web (most of them are in English) that make it easy to carry out the text analysis we need. Use the functionality of these services to parse the necessary sentences and parse them online.

1. Describe the sentence according to the purpose of the statement: narrative, interrogative or incentive.
2. By emotional coloring: exclamatory or non-exclamatory.
3. By the presence of grammatical foundations: simple or complex.
4. Then, depending on whether the sentence is simple or complex:

If simple: 5. Describe the proposal by the presence of the main members of the proposal: two-part or one-part, indicate which main member sentences, if it is one-part (subject or predicate). 6. Characterize by the presence of secondary members of the proposal: common or non-common. 7. Indicate if the sentence is complicated by anything ( homogeneous members, appeal, introductory words) or not complicated. 8. Underline all members of the sentence, indicate parts of speech. 9. Draw up a sentence outline, indicating the grammatical basis and complication, if any.

If complex: 5. Indicate which connection is in the proposal: allied or non-union. 6. Indicate what is the means of communication in the sentence: intonation, coordinating unions or subordinating unions. 7. Conclude what kind of sentence this is: unionless (BSP), compound (CSP), complex (CSP). 8. Parse each part of a complex sentence as a simple one, starting from point No. 5 of the adjacent column. 9. Underline all members of the sentence, indicate parts of speech. 10. Draw up a sentence outline, indicating the grammatical basis and complication, if any.

An example of parsing a simple sentence

Oral analysis:

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, grammatical basis: pupils and pupils study, common, complicated by homogeneous subjects.

Writing:

Narrative, non-exclamatory, simple, two-part, grammatical stem pupils and pupils study, common, complicated by homogeneous subjects.

An example of parsing a complex sentence

Oral analysis:

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, allied connection, means of communication subordinating conjunction because, a complex sentence. The first simple sentence: one-part, with the main member - the predicate did not ask common, not complicated. Second simple sentence: two-part, grammatical basis we went with the class, common, uncomplicated.

Writing:

Narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, allied connection, subordinating union means of communication because, SPP.

1st PP: one-part, with the main member - the predicate did not ask common, not complicated.

2nd PP: two-part, grammatical basis - we went with the class, spread, not complicated.

Schematic example (sentence followed by schema)

Another option for parsing

Syntax parsing. Order in parsing.

In phrases:

1. Select the correct phrase from the sentence.
2. We consider the structure - we highlight the main word and the dependent. We indicate what part of speech is the main and dependent word. Next, we indicate in what syntactic way this phrase is connected.
3. And finally, we denote what its grammatical meaning is.

In a simple sentence:

1. We determine what the sentence is for the purpose of the statement - narrative, incentive or interrogative.
2. We find the basis of the sentence, we establish that the sentence is simple.
3. Next, you need to talk about how this proposal is built.
   • It is two-part or one-part. If it is one-part, then determine the type: personal, impersonal, nominative or indefinitely personal.
   • Common or non-common
   • incomplete or complete. If the sentence is incomplete, then it is necessary to indicate which member of the sentence is missing in it.
4. If this proposal is complicated in any way, whether it be homogeneous members or isolated members of the proposal, this must be noted.
5. Next, you need to analyze the sentence by members, while indicating what parts of speech they are. It is important to follow the order of parsing. First, the predicate and the subject are determined, then the secondary ones, which are part of the first - the subject, then - the predicate.
6. We explain why one way or another punctuation marks are placed in the sentence.

Predicate

1. We note what the predicate is - a simple verb or compound (nominal or verbal).
2. Specify how the predicate is expressed:
   • simple - what form of the verb;
   • compound verb - what it consists of;
   • compound nominal - what connection is used, how the nominal part is expressed.

In a sentence that has homogeneous members.

If we have a simple sentence, then when parsing it, it should be noted what kind of homogeneous members of the sentence are and how they are related to each other. Either through intonation, or intonation with conjunctions.

In sentences with separate members:

If we have a simple sentence, then when parsing it, it should be noted what the turnover will be. Next, we analyze the words that are included in this turnover by the members of the sentence.

In sentences with isolated members of speech:

First, we note that in this sentence, there is a direct speech. We indicate the direct speech and the text of the author. We analyze, explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way and not otherwise. We draw the scheme of the offer.

In a compound sentence:

First, we indicate which sentence for the purpose of the statement is interrogative, declarative or incentive. We find simple sentences in the sentence, we single out the grammatical basis in them.

We find unions with the help of which simple sentences are connected in a complex one. We note what kind of unions they are - adversative, connecting or dividing. We determine the meaning of this entire compound sentence - opposition, alternation or enumeration. We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way. Then each simple sentence that makes up the complex one must be parsed in the same way as a simple sentence is parsed.

In a complex sentence with a subordinate clause (one)

First, we indicate what the sentence is in terms of the purpose of the statement. We single out the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up a complex one. Let's read them.

We name which sentence is the main one, and which is subordinate. We explain what kind of complex sentence it is, pay attention to how it is built, how the subordinate clause to the main clause is connected and what it refers to.

We explain why the punctuation marks in this sentence are arranged in this way. Then, the subordinate and main clauses must be parsed, in the same way as simple sentences are parsed.

In a complex sentence with subordinate clauses (several)

We call what the sentence is according to the purpose of the statement. We single out the grammatical basis of all the simple sentences that make up the complex one, and read them out. We indicate which sentence is the main one, and which is subordinate. It is necessary to indicate what the subordination in the sentence is - either it is a parallel subordination, or sequential, or homogeneous. If there is a combination of several types of subordination, this should be noted. We explain why, in this way, punctuation marks are placed in the sentence. And, at the end, we analyze the subordinate and main clauses as simple sentences.

In a complex non-union sentence:

We call what the sentence is according to the purpose of the statement. We find the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up the given difficult sentence. We read them out, call the number of simple sentences that make up the complex one. We determine what the meaning is the relationship between simple sentences. It can be - sequence, cause with effect, opposition, simultaneity, explanation or addition.

We note what are the features of the structure of this sentence, what kind of complex sentence it is. How are simple words connected in this sentence and what do they refer to.

We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way.

In a complex sentence in which there are different types of communication.

We call what, according to the purpose of the statement, this sentence is. We find and highlight the grammatical basis of all simple sentences that make up a complex one, read them out. We establish that this proposal will be a proposal in which there are different types connections. Why? We determine what connections are present in this sentence - allied coordinating, subordinating, or any other.

According to the meaning, we establish how simple ones are formed in a complex sentence. We explain why punctuation marks are placed in the sentence in this way. We analyze all simple sentences that make up a complex one in the same way as a simple sentence is parsed.

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Link: https://site/russkij-yazyk/sintaksicheskij-razbor

The proposal scheme is not another whim of teachers. Thanks to it, you can better understand the structure and specifics of the proposal and parse it faster. However, not all students know how to draw up a sentence diagram, considering this lesson to be useless. But any scheme is a visualization that allows you to understand the essence. And having understood it, you can apply this scheme to other sentences, which means that you can avoid mistakes in writing in the future.

We draw up a proposal scheme

Before drawing up a graphic diagram of a sentence, it is necessary to start by determining which members of the sentence are words. First of all, it is necessary to determine the subject and predicate, which constitute its grammatical basis. Then you should distribute the remaining words among the members of the sentence, only you need to take into account that each of them refers to the subject or predicate. The subject includes definitions, the predicate - addition and circumstance. It should also be noted that some words do not belong to the members of the sentence: conjunctions, interjections, plug-in and introductory constructions. It may also be that several words together are one member of the sentence: participial and adverbial phrases. After the analysis, you will have the initial scheme of the sentence, from which you only need to remove the words and leave the lines that underline the members of the sentence.

We draw up a scheme of a complex sentence

If everything is quite easy with a simple sentence, then a complex one confuses many. And most students are wondering how to chart a complex sentence. If this is a compound sentence, then the diagram should reflect all the predicative parts that are in it. After that, both parts must be highlighted in square brackets, and between them put a punctuation mark and a union connecting them:, and. If the sentence is complex, non-union, then we also analyze each of its parts separately, and then select them in square brackets.

If you need to parse a complex sentence, then in this case you should show all the relationships between the parts. It should be noted here that the part that obeys is the main one, the one that obeys is subordinate. Thus, the main is indicated by square brackets, while the subordinate clause is indicated by round brackets:, (which ...). After studying the material, you can easily make sentence schemes, and they will tell you how to properly place commas, and you can avoid many punctuation errors.

How to draft a proposal? Russian language

1. Well, where is the offer? first, they usually emphasize the main members of the sentence, highlight the unions in the complex sentence ...
2. where is the diagram
3. This is the layout of words in a sentence: subject, predicate, secondary members of the sentence. In the previous there is a tale ===== subject to --------- definition of the situation, gerund _ . _ . _.

   Or a sample of parsing a complex sentence with one subordinate clause

   1) During a strong storm, a tall old pine tree was uprooted (which is why this hole was formed).

   , (from what) .

   The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex with a subordinate clause. The subordinate clause refers to everything main and joins it with the allied word why.

4. Read the sentence, then look at its structure, whether it is simple or complex, how many parts are in nm, there are huge sentences that are built in block diagrams ... Find the main members of the sentence, homogeneous members, appeals and generalizing words. Mark all this in the diagram with the appropriate symbols. Scheme in square brackets.
5. where is the diagram!
6. They were needed everywhere - in the Boyar Duma and in the provinces, in orders and zemstvo huts, in the army and in trade. 2) Literacy has become the key to success both in economic life and in the state service. 3) The growth of international relations also contributed to the development of education. Please help me to create proposals

1. Loading ... "ok" at the end of nouns - ending or suffix push good guy suffix OK Written under stress: wolch-Ok, fist-Ok Suffix, of course. I already told you...
2. Loading... What role did Lenin play in the October Revolution of 1917? V. I. Ulyanov was purposeful, educated (he knew several languages) (which was common - Leshy) ...
3. Loading... Who is Hagia Sophia? And why was a temple named after her in Byzantium? Martyrs Vera, Hope, Love and their mother Sophia Holy Martyrs Vera,...
4. Loading... What is the comedy about Undergrowth. Briefly Guy ( the protagonist count) lived and studied at home, for he was richer. And such a thing is that all his teachers ...
5. Loading... The difference between an artery and a vein. Biology Grade 8 Sizes The main difference between arteries and veins is the structure of their #8203;
6. Loading... Theme " little man"in N.V. Gogol's story" The Overcoat ". please, a short answer does not need to be written much. Briefly, so briefly. The theme of a small person in this ...

Middle and high school students regularly face the problem of how to conduct an analysis in the Russian literary language.

Parsing is done in accordance with a certain scheme. This topic in school course allows identify sentence structure, characterize it, which reduces punctuation illiteracy.

In contact with

What parsing shows

There are four main types of parsing: phonetic, morphological, compositional, and syntactic. The latter is understood as the analysis or analysis of syntactic units with paramount highlighting the grammatical basis. The analysis is carried out according to the approved algorithm of actions: underline the members + characterize them + draw a diagram.

Schoolchildren, having studied eleven grades, sometimes do not know what the parsing of a sentence is. They talk about analysis as about analysis by composition. This is not true, since only individual lexemes are parsed by composition. As for a bunch of words expressing a complete thought, then in primary school process is named as analysis of the proposal by members. However, in the middle and high school it takes on a deeper meaning. Based on this, it is necessary to remember once and for all that the analysis of the sentence by composition in the Russian language classes is not performed.

The answer here is obvious - everyone knows the subject, pointing to an object or object, and the predicate - to actions taken first. To make the speech clearer and the statement complete, the main members are supplemented by secondary ones, which have a set of features.

Secondary members of the sentence allow you to reveal a holistic picture of ongoing events. Their purpose is to explain describe the actions of the main predecessors.

At the next stage, you will have to parse the proposal for. Here we mean how its members are expressed. Each has several options, you must choose the correct one by asking the question:

• mean - noun, local;
• skaz. - ch., cr. adj., noun;
• def. - adj., local, num.;
• add. - noun, local;
• obst. - adverb, noun with a suggestion.

In view of the above, a more or less clear idea of ​​what parsing a sentence is is emerging. In a word, this is a complex analysis of related lexemes that express a complete thought.

Characteristics of syntactic units

You need to know the criteria that a lexeme has in order to implement detailed description. The characteristic of the sentence in the text assumes a certain algorithm.

Define the view:

• according to the purpose of the statement (narrative, interrogative, incentive);
• by emotional-expressive coloring (by intonation) - exclamatory or non-exclamatory.

Finding grammar.

We talk sequentially about each member of the sentence, the means of their expression.

We describe the structure of the syntactic unit. For a simple suggestion:

• by composition: one-part (definite-personal, indefinite-personal, generalized-personal, impersonal, nominative) or two-part;
• by prevalence: common or not common;
• by completeness: complete or incomplete.
• what is complicated: homogeneous members, interjections, appeal, introductory constructions.

Determine to which type is a compound sentence:

• compound sentences (CSP) - they are indicated by simple parts connected by a coordinating union;
• complex sentences (CSS) - we establish the main, as well as the subordinate word, based on the question and the peculiarity of the construction (what it refers to, what the subordinate clause is attached to), determine the type of the latter;
• unionless complex sentence (BSP) - we establish from which number simple parts consists of a syntactic unit, defining the meaning of each (simultaneity, sequence, opposition, etc.).

We give the argument for what reason we put these punctuation marks.

If the task involves drawing up a diagram, then we do it.

It is more difficult to parse a complex sentence.

More here parameters for analysis.

After the complex sentence from the examples is disassembled into simple parts, we proceed to the analysis of each of them separately.

Following the algorithm, the student will not have problems with completing the task under the number 4.

How to draw a diagram

It is not always enough to correctly parse a simple sentence to get an excellent mark. The student must also be able to draw diagrams of the described units.

1. Highlight the subject by underlining with one line, and the predicate with two lines.
2. Find minor members, underlining them according to generally accepted rules.
3. Sentences with a turnover or participle are highlighted as follows and are indicated in the final scheme. The adverbial turnover is highlighted on both sides by vertical lines, and a dot / dotted line is underlined. Participial highlighted on both sides with vertical lines, and is underlined by a wavy line.
4. To the scheme compound sentence the union is not included, it is taken out of the framework. But complex sentences include it in the subordinate part. Conjunctions and allied words are enclosed in an oval.

Important! Before you draw up a sentence diagram, you need to learn how to graphically designate homogeneous members. They are enclosed in a circle, and the appeal, which is not a member of the syntactic unit, is indicated in the scheme by the letter "O" and is separated by two vertical lines. Do the same with introductory words.

Offer scheme easy to make with direct speech. Here it is important to separate one part from the other, i.e. the words of the author from direct speech, putting the appropriate punctuation marks between them.

Simple Sentence Parsing Sample

We write down an example and proceed to the analysis.

I have never seen a lake more magnificent than Baikal.

Stage I: analysis of the proposal by members:

• "I" - mean, pronounced lich. places;
• “I didn’t see” - simple Ch. skaz., pronounced verb. will express in the form. incl. past vr.;

Stage II: We find out which members of the sentence form the basis of grammar. Here it will be - "I did not see", so we are dealing with a simple sentence.

In a specific example, all minor members joined the predicate:

• didn’t see (what?) the lake - add., pronounced noun. in R.P.;
• lakes (which one?) are more magnificent - inconsistent, defined, pronounced adj. in the comparison degrees;
• more magnificent (what?) Baikal - additional, pronounced noun. in R.P.

Stage III: at the end of the process give general characteristics simple sentence In russian language:

• by structure - two-part, widespread, complete;
• according to the purpose of the statement - narrative;
• by intonation - non-exclamatory, therefore, a punctuation mark is placed at the end - a period.

Stage IV: parsing a simple sentence involves the scheme [- =].

More problems are caused by parsing a sentence with participle turnover. See his examples below.

Sample: Behind the swamp, blazing with birches, a grove could be seen.

Characteristics: narrative, unexcused, simple, two-part, widespread, complete, complicated by a separate deep. about.

Scheme: [, I ger. turnover I, = - ].

Syntactic units complicated by homogeneous members, turnovers are parsed in a similar way.

Simple sentences with a participial turnover should receive objective assessment. They indicate which member the entire turnover is, then its parts are parsed into words.

Sample: The moon had just emerged from behind the mound and was illuminating translucent, small, low clouds.

Characteristics: narrative, unexcited, homogeneous tales. connected by a non-repeating union "and", therefore, a comma is not placed between them, and commas must be placed between definitions, they have unionless bond, simple, two-part, common, complicated by homogeneous skaz. and def.

Scheme: [- = and = O, O, O].

Parsing complex sentences

The home exercise in Russian regularly contains a mandatory task under the number 4. There are diverse examples here: SSP, SPP, BSP.

Always, when parsing a complex sentence, you need to start it with finding the grammatical basis.

It is necessary to analyze complex sentences based on the definition of the main and subordinate clauses.

Parsing of syntactic units with several subordinate clauses is carried out according to the general plan, as if done analysis of the composition of the proposal, but indicating the type of subordination and a combination of these types. Below are samples of complex sentences with examples, with diagrams, clearly showing analysis.

SOP Sequential Obedience Pattern: The kids reported picking the daisies Grandma loved.

Characteristics: narrative, non-exclamation, complex, allied, its parts are connected by a subordinate relationship with consistent subordination, consists of two simple ones.

Scheme: [-=], (which = (which = -).

SSP sample: Life is given once, and you want to live it cheerfully, meaningfully, beautifully.

Characteristic: narrative, non-exclamatory, complex sentence, has two grammar basics, union, compound. The conjunction "and" expresses simultaneity. The 2nd simple sentence is complicated by homogeneous obst. states.

Conclusion

If you have before your eyes sentences, examples with diagrams, then visual memory automatically works. This helps a lot for control dictations and independent. In this way, you can learn automatically and correctly parse suggestions (if the examples are chosen correctly), highlight all the criteria necessary for the analysis.