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SUBJECT WEEK of geography, history of biology and ecology AT SCHOOL No. 21.
Will be held from February 27 to March 3! Events will be presented by: Geography Pluzhnikova V.N. History of Timerbulatova E.P. and Dmitrieva O.A. Biology Oblomova L.A. and Morsakova V.I. Ecology Oblomova L.A.
We greet you! Geography is a way of life, thought and behavior.
"GEOGRAPHY" is your guide on the way to the present in this life. We will open the world to you in all its boundless diversity and help you to show all the versatility of your individuality.
Hello geography! Hello geography! I send you greetings! I'm waiting for you and rejoice that there is such an object! Hello geography! I need you so much! Like air to a man, And water to all fish. After all, if it weren't for you And I wouldn't know anything. I would not know the islands, Selva, countries, cities, Rivers, mountains and seas And you are my country.
History is one of the oldest sciences. Since a person has a past, he has also become interested in it.
The word "history" came to us from ancient times. In ancient Greek, the word "historia" meant - a story about the past, about what was learned.
"Biology is the science of life, it helps to understand the world and oneself in this world"
Biology is a science that studies life in all its manifestations. It explores the diversity of organisms, their structure, life processes, chemical composition, relationship with environment and many other diverse manifestations of the living.
Biology is the whole world.... Lev Zilber.
Ecology is interesting for everyone
Ecology is serious! Ecology is the science of the interaction of an organism with its environment. We need to learn how to interact correctly - from the standpoint of ethics - with the entire world of embodied and non-embodied beings around us. Simply put, you need to learn to love them.
Erase random features and you will see the world is beautiful!
Our world in all its manifestations!
Thanks to these sciences, we all know about the world in which we live! We invite you to take part in the events of the subject week: Geography: 5th grade - Protection of the project "Earth's Continents". 6th class - "Lesson entertaining geography". 7th class - The streets of our city - a conversation. 8 cells – Unique lake Baikal – presentation of 9-10 classes. are unique places on our planet.
History 7-8kl. - Competition of connoisseurs of history. 11th grade - Presentation of the project "They got to share the hard fate of the soldiers." For all subjects, they are preparing a wall newspaper "Symbol of the subject", geography, biology, history, ecology.
Biology and ecology 5-6kl. - Competition of poems on the topic: "My home friends." 6-7 cells – Quiz “What do you know about the ecological situation in Balakovo”. 8-9 cells – competition of presentations on the topic: “Global ecological problems our planet." 10th class - Contest of experts in biology.
We invite everyone to take part in the events. We wish you success!
Municipal budgetary educational institution
Grammar school № 79
DRAFT LESSON
the world around
in 2nd grade
Signs and symbols
primary school teachers
higher qualifying categories
Levkina Olga Ivanovna
Ulyanovsk 2012
Thing: the world.
Class: second.
WMC"Planet of Knowledge", The world(author G.G. Ivchenkova)
Lesson topic: Signs and symbols.
Lesson type: ONZ (discovery of new knowledge).
The purpose of the lesson:
learning component:
introduce students to terms"signs" and "symbols", with the history of their occurrence, with their significance in the life of every person and society as a whole, with varieties of signs;
to consolidate the knowledge of children about warning, prohibiting, prescriptive, informational and indicative road signs and service marks;
development component:
develop speech, operations of mental activity: analysis, comparison, generalization;
educational component:
to cultivate interest in and respect for the general law of roads and streets.
Equipment: educational presentation, cards with signs,
DURING THE CLASSES
1. Motivation to learning activities. 2 minutes.
Purpose of the stage: organize the development on a personal basis - significant level readiness to implement the regulatory requirements of educational activities by students.
-What knowledge did we discover in the last lesson?Familiarize yourself with dictionaries and encyclopedias. Learned to work with them.
slide 2 « What we know limited, and what we do not know is infinite. » Pierre Simon
-How do you guys understand this statement?
We know very little, but we do not know much.
- Do you want to know a little more?Yes.
- Well then, get to work!
2. Actualization of knowledge and fixation of difficulties in the trial action. 6 minutes.
Purpose of the stage: to prepare the thinking of students for organizing their awareness of their inner need for the construction of new knowledge
At home, you had to find an unfamiliar word and its interpretation in the explanatory dictionary. (Students name the words they have chosen and interpret their meanings)
-what skills did you show?We repeated the rules for working with a dictionary.
- Guess the riddle:slide 3
The people sat in a row
They tell us everything.(Letters.)
- What are the letters for?
Letters are needed to form words.
- Make words from letters
Bull, side, com.
-Guess the riddle:slide 4
Living in a difficult book
Cunning brothers.
Ten of them, but these brothers
Count everything in the world . Numbers.
- What are numbers for?
Numbers are needed to make numbers.
-What is the largest single number (9)
- Double figures, formed using the numbers 5 and 6 (56, 65)
- Three digit number with 3 hundreds (300)
trial action
- How to name letters and numbers in one word?
slide 5
(Some children find it difficult to answer, and some children say that these are signs.)
-Why was there a problem?
Didn't know that letters and numbers are called signs
We realized that we do not know.
slide 6
3. Identification of the location and cause of the difficulty. 2 minutes.
Purpose of the stage: organize work to make students aware of what exactly is the lack of their knowledge, skills or abilities.
-What does the word mean"signs"? ( name their options)
-Why are there different answers?
We do not yet know the meaning of the word"signs".
-That's right, we don't know what it means yet. the word "signs"
4. Building a project and getting out of difficulty. 4 minutes.
Purpose of the stage: organize the work on setting the goals of educational activities, and on this basis - the choice of the method and means of their implementation.
-What goal should be set?
Discover, what does word « signs », apply the acquired knowledge in life.
-So the topic of our lesson is...Signs.
What will help us? Ability to work with a dictionary, textbook, knowledge of previous lessons, help from classmates.
-Let's make a plan to work with.
In the course of the answers on the board, I fix graphically the points of the plan.
Collective preparation of a work plan:
1.Find the meaning of a word"sign ".
2.Get to know the different signs.
3.Find out what significance signs have in human life.
5. Implementation of the constructed project. 6 minutes.
Target stage: organize work on the construction of new knowledge by students and the formation of skills to apply both in solving a problem that caused difficulty, and in solving all problems of this type. To form the ability to work independently with additional sources, develop thinking, memory, monologue speech.
I organize work in groups.
We repeat the rules of work in groups.
Task 1 group:
Take Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary and find the meaning of the word"Sign "
(Children work with vocabulary
Task 2 group:
Read the first paragraph on page 34 of your textbook and place the pictures of the signs next to their names. (The work is organized on interactive whiteboard) Appendix 1
Task 3 group:
Read the second paragraph on page 34 of your textbook and find out what significance signs have in a person's life.(Children read and answer questions
Each group presents the results of their work to the class.
In the course of the students' answers, it turns out that the sign is mark, image, object, which is marked, something is indicated.
Children get to knowsigns that are encountered in life modern man
It turns out that signs are needed in order to briefly convey any information.
- What step of the learning activity did we complete?
They themselves discovered new knowledge. (Slide number 7)
6.Physical education 1 minute
7. Primary consolidation in external speech. 7 minutes.
Purpose of the stage : organize the assimilation by students of the new knowledge they have discovered.
Work is organized on an interactive whiteboard. Appendix 2
1. Insert the required character.Spruce pines grow in the forest.
2. Insert the required character.34 …25 = 9
3. Which of the signs would you put in the forest to help the boy avoid this mistake?
4.Which sign will help pedestrians to cross the road in the right place?
8. Independent work with self-test according to the standard. 3 minutes.
Purpose of the stage : ensure the internalization of a new mode of action and performance reflection.
I organize independent work by cards.Appendix 3
The progress of the task is frontally justified.
− Who had a problem with the task?
− Where did the difficulty arise?
− Why was there a problem?
9. Inclusion in the system of knowledge and repetition. 6 minutes.
Purpose of the stage : organize work to include a new way of acting in the knowledge system.
− What now needs to be found out?Where our new knowledge will come in handy .
1.- How long ago do you think the signs appeared? (children's answers)
-Yes, signs appeared a long time ago, when people could not read and write. The most ancient signs are drawings (pictograms). Scientists have found them on the walls of caves in which ancient people lived. (Children look at the drawings on page 34 of the textbook)
- Some signs have acquired a special meaning for a person. Such signs are calledsymbols. slide 8.
Symbols are often depicted on coats of arms and banners.
Slide 9
The first known coat of arms of Simbirsk was granted to the city in 1672 for the brave defense against the robber Stenka Razin. The coat of arms was a lion standing on three legs and looking to the right side with its tongue hanging out, and a sword in its left paw, above the lion's head - a three-petal crown. The coat of arms symbolized the courage of the Simbirians.
Slide 10
The modern emblem of the city of Ulyanovsk is« an image of a rectangular heraldic shield, elongated vertically, in the azure field of which there is a silver pillar standing on gold with black earth at the tip. On a pillar is a golden closed crown».
The pillar on the coat of arms of Ulyanovsk is a symbol of the inviolability of democracy. The crown (crown) crowning the pillar symbolizes city self-government as a manifestation of the power of the city's inhabitants.
slide 11
The flag is a rectangular panel consisting of three equal vertical stripes: two stripes blue color(at the edges) and one white (in the center). In the center of the white stripe is a yellow imperial crown. The blue stripes on the flag represent the Volga and Sviyaga rivers. A golden crown ties the flag and coat of arms of the city.
2. -Look at these road signs.
slide12(I suggest 1-2 signs of each type)
- Who knows these signs? What do they stand for?
- Why are all the signs different shapes and different colors?Signs have different purposes.
Guess.
1.Everyone knows stripes
Children know, adults know.
Leads to the other side
……… (crosswalk )
2. At the landing sites
Transport passengers are waiting
Here is the bus, here is the tram
Guess the road sign
….. (stopover place)
- What are these signs?Informational road signs.
3. If you put your foot
On the road
Pay attention friend
Road sign - red circle
Man walking in black
Crossed out with red line
And the road is like, but
walking here.... (forbidden)
4. Red circle with white stripe
What a sign, come on!
And the road seems to be, but - to drive here ... .. ( No entry)
- What are these signs?Prohibition road signs.
5.It's not easy, it's not so
We go where this sign
The circle is colored blue color
And around the bike...
…… (cycling is allowed)
- What are these signs?Mandatory road signs.
6.Can't get there without gas
To cafes and shops.
This sign will tell you loudly:
"Nearby .... ( gas station!) »
7.When you need food
Then please come here.
Hey driver, pay attention!
Item coming soon… ( food!)
- What are these signs?Service signs.
8.In the white triangle
With a red border
little kids
Very safe
This road sign
Know everything in the world
be careful
……(children on the road)
9.Need to slow down the speed
There are people on the road.
Someone is fixing the road here.
Sign ….. « Men at work ».
-What are these signs?Warning road signs.
-What are all these road signs for?To comply with the laws of roads and streets, and avoid accidents.
10. Reflection of educational activity. 2 minutes.
Purpose of the stage : organize work on self-evaluation by students of the results of their educational activities, awareness of the construction method and the limits of applying a new mode of action.
− So the lesson comes to an end. What should you do? (Summarize our work.
− What are the two main steps you followed? (We found out that we didn’t know and found new knowledge ourselves.)
− What was the purpose? (Learn the meaning of a word « sign », get acquainted with some signs, find out why people need signs)
−Have we reached our goal?
− What did you use to reach your goal?(Textbook, dictionary.)
− What did you learn? (Children's answers)
- What qualities did the student show to achieve the goal?
Activity, attention, diligence, patience, diligence…
- Evaluate your work using signal cards. If you figured everything out, there were no mistakes, then raise the green card. If you had questions, you did not fully understand everything, then raise a red card.
Homework.1 minute.
2. Answer question 3 on page 35.
3.Complete number 25 in the workbook.
4. Choice task: draw your sign and give it a name.
Lesson Objectives:
- Introduce students to the symbols of their state; with their history of formation and development; with the history of the Russian flag.
- To learn to compare materials from various historical sources and draw conclusions;
- Contribute to the awakening of true patriotism in the souls of children, revealing to them the true national values.
Equipment:
images of coats of arms of Russia, coats of arms of Russian cities, family coats of arms; flags; T.S. Golubeva "State symbols of Russia"; E.V. Saplin, A.I. Saplin "Introduction to history"; video recording "This place is the field of Kulikovo", I. K. History of Great Russia from the beginning of centuries, E. V. Saplin, A. I. Saplin "Journey into history".
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
U.- We have an unusual lesson today, where there are many guests. Let's greet them, and as hospitable hosts, we invite you to walk with us along the path of the history of the emergence and development of the symbols of our state
II. Repetition of what has been learned.
U.- Guys whose cards work on their own. CARD #1
Write in the table which animals symbolize the qualities listed below:
CARD #2
Using color graphics, paint over the coats of arms with the following colors.
U.- Let's start our tour by turning to the origins of heraldry and explain what the science of heraldry does?
D. Heraldry is a science that collects information about various coats of arms, their description and the rules for compiling new ones.
U.- Each state, region, city has its own sacred symbols, which a person must honor and respect. Before you are the coats of arms of the cities.
U.- Tell and show which of them you remember and like.
U.- Very often we hear expressions in speech: “Big Motherland, small Motherland, what does this mean”?
D.- Our city Pugachev is a small Motherland, that corner of the earth where we were born, where our home is located.
Small Motherland -
Island of the Earth
Currant under the window
cherry blossoms
curly apple tree,
And under it is a bench,
Affectionate, sweetheart
My motherland!
U.- The fact that our glorious city has a coat of arms, you know. And what does it look like and what does it symbolize, please tell us.
U.- And there is an even smaller Motherland. What would you attribute to a small Motherland?
D. Family.
U.- Pay attention to the exhibition of family coats of arms and try to penetrate the secrets of each family. Those who wish will tell us about their coat of arms.
D.(They talk about their family coat of arms).
III. Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson.
U.- All families are different, but we are united by the fact that we live in the same state and our state also has a coat of arms.
U.- Do you think the citizens of our country should know the history of the emergence of the symbols of our state?
U.- Today we will talk about the symbols of our state.
U.- I invite you to the hall of the 15th century.<Рисунок 1>
Teacher's story:
In this century, the coat of arms of Russia, the double-headed eagle, soaring over the country on its powerful wings, has personified our state for more than four centuries. There are few durable coats of arms in the world! The adoption of this emblem is associated with the name of Ivan 3 Vasilyevich (1404-1505), the Grand Duke of Moscow. The double-headed eagle as a state emblem appeared in Russia together with Sophia Paleolog, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, who became the wife of Grand Duke Ivan 3
Initially, according to the Byzantine tradition, the eagle was golden in color with wings down. And only since the 17th century, the eagle raises its wings. And under Peter 1, the gold color was changed to black.
As the territories of Russia grow, symbols of the new lands of cities are added to the coat of arms. double headed eagle Russian coat of arms existed until 1918, after which it was abolished and replaced by the coat of arms of the USSR.
On the threshold of the 21st century, the double-headed eagle again becomes a symbol of Russia.
IV. Working with text:
U.- You have a text on the table, after reading it, you will learn about the coat of arms of the Russian Federation.
a) TEXT.
The State Emblem of the Russian Federation is a red heraldic shield with a golden double-headed eagle raising its spread wings. The eagle is crowned with two small crowns and one large crown connected by a ribbon. In the right paw of the eagle is a scepter, and in the left is an orb. On the chest of an eagle in a red shield is a silver rider in a blue cloak, striking with a spear a black dragon overturned and trampled by a horse /<рисунок 2 >
U.- Guys in the text you met the words scepter and orb. Who can explain the meaning of these words vocabulary work on the board: scepter and orb).
D. Scepter is a Greek word for a wand decorated with carvings and precious stones - a symbol of royal power.
U.- On the coat of arms, the eagle has two heads, three crowns, a scepter and an orb in its paws, and what do they symbolize?
U.- And in more detail you will be introduced to this: (additional material prepared by students).
E. b) Additional material:
"The double-headed eagle is a symbol of Russia's eternity, a symbol of the purity of the Orthodox faith among the Russian people, a symbol of our people's deep respect for their historical roots and national history. The two heads of the eagle remind of the historical need for Russia to defend itself from the West and the East, and the three crowns above them, fastened with a single ribbon, symbolize the blood brotherhood and the common history of the 3 East Slavic peoples - Russians, Belarusians and Ukrainians. The scepter and orb in the claws of an eagle are a figurative expression of the inviolability of the state foundations of our Fatherland. The chest of the eagle, protected by a shield with the image of St. George the Victorious, indicates the sovereign succession of Russia from Moscow Rus and Moscow as a gatherer and protector of Russian lands.
U.- Two heads of an eagle, what do they remind you of?
V. Physical minutes.
You must be tired
It's time to rest
suggest fatigue
Take off with a physical minute.
They stood up straight and stretched their arms along the body - like an eagle in the 15th century. We looked to the right, to the left, to the west, to the east. Gently raise your hands up, lower down. We fly over the country on our powerful wings, we look to see if everything is in order.
U.- We move to the next room. There are two panels in front of you, what are they called?
D. Flags.
U. Where did the word "flag" come from?
D. From the Greek word, which means to burn, burn, illuminate.
U.- Since ancient times, the Eastern Slavs - the Rus, had their own words for the designation of flags. What is this word and what does it mean?
D. Banner, pole, stick, pole.
U.- Old Russian banners were also called banners. Now we will watch the video, and you will see what banner inspired the soldiers and what was depicted on it?< Рисунок 3>
U.- So what inspired the warriors?
D. They were inspired by the banner given by Sergius of Radonezh with the words: "Here is an imperishable weapon! May it serve you instead of helmets."
U.- This banner - the banner was dark - crimson, scarlet, as the colors then said.
The color of the flag is never randomly chosen. Even the Russian tsars, when approving the flag, must reckon with the ancient traditions of the people, with their favorite colors.
In Russia, the black-gold-white flag has the right to exist, first of all, since the colors of the state emblem are borrowed in it: black is the color of the sovereign eagle; gold - the background of the coat of arms adopted by Ivan the third, White color clothes of St. George the Victorious, who has long been revered in Russia as a symbol of sacrifice in the fight against the enemies of the Fatherland. This flag existed until the times of Peter the Great.
In January 1705, Peter 1 issued a decree granting a white-blue-red flag to commercial merchant ships.
Each of Russian monarchs made his own amendments to the state symbols. During the reign of each of them, noticeable changes took place in Russian society, the borders of the country expanded.
The final question of the white - blue - red flag was decided under Nicholas II on April 9, 1896. A special meeting at the Ministry of Justice decided: "people's" or "state" for the entire empire, including Finland and Poland, the flag should finally be considered white - blue-red and no other. All past black-yellow-white flags were subject to immediate replacement.
I already told you that with the change of power in Russia, there are changes in state symbols. So: with the establishment Soviet power The red flag with the image of the hammer and sickle becomes the national flag.
Another uncertainty with this state symbol arose in 2000.
By decision of the State Duma and the President, Russia entered the 21st century with a white-blue-red state flag.
VI. Group work.
U.- The national flag of the Russian Federation is the official symbol of state power, expressing the idea of the unity and sovereignty of the state. The description of the state flag and the procedure for its use are determined by the Federal Constitutional Law. According to Russian everyday concepts, red means: courage, heroism, fire. Blue - the sky, spirituality faith. White - peace, purity, truth, nobility.< Рисунок 4>
U.- Each color symbolizes something, you will learn about it from the text. You will work in groups, you need to find the answer to your question. (Row 1, which means red, 2 - blue, 3 - white.) check.
U.- One person from each group is selected to answer the question.
U.- Guys, now we will check whether you carefully listened to me and my assistant guides.
U.- Before you is a tree that symbolizes the development of heraldry. On it are numbered plates with questions, you have to answer the questions asked.
U.- And the rest will be consultants, the material of the textbook on page 83 will help them in this.
- What color was 1 Russian flag?
- Who issued the decree granting a flag to commercial merchant ships?
- What did a special meeting at the Ministry of Justice decide in 1896?
- The color of the flag under the Soviet regime?
- With what flag did Russia enter the 21st century?
U.- Guys, where in your life have you seen confirmation of how citizens respect the symbols of the state?
U. Now you guys will work in pairs. You need to solve a crossword puzzle and find a keyword. Whoever does it will signal us.
1. Crossword
Horizontally:
1. Herold translated from German means ...
2. The reverse side of the coin.
3. Edge or side of the coin.
4. A word that comes from the verb "hack"
Vertically:
1. Symbols of the state
(1. Herald, 2. Carving. 3. Edge. 4. Ruble.) Key word: GERB.
2. Crossword:
Horizontally:
1. The form of the coat of arms.
2.Symbol of success, flourishing (flower)
3. The front side of the coin.
4. The name of an old Russian coin.
Vertically:
1. Symbols of the state
Answers: (1. French. 2. Lily, 3. Obv. 4. Nogata.) Keyword: FLAG.
3. Crossword:
Horizontally:
1. A symbol of fearlessness, ferocity.
2. Resident of Rome.
3. A word that means "I warn, I warn."
4. Special science studying coins.
Vertically:
1. Symbols of the state.
Answers: (1. Vulture, 2. Roman, 3. Moneo, 4. Numismatics). Keyword: HYMN.
U. What kind keywords turned out?
D. Coat of arms, flag, anthem
U.- Coat of arms, flag, anthem - how can you call it in one word?
D. State symbols.<Рисунок 5>
U.- For any modern state, its symbols exist in a trinity.
VII. Summary of the lesson.
U. The symbols of the state are the history of the country, and its present day. They express the peculiarities of the country's historical path, its distinctive features in a number of other countries. All symbols of the state that existed and still exist must be treated with respect, honored as monuments of the past and the heritage of the present. Encroachments on the state emblem and flag in all countries of the world are perceived as a sign of disrespect and hostility to the country, its people.
Our tour has come to an end. – What new did you learn?
VIII. Homework.
U.- At home, I suggest you get acquainted with the works that describe how during the war, risking their lives, they saved the banner. I also ask you to find in the periodical press the interpretation of the tricolor of the Russian flag and the three crowns on the coat of arms.
IX. Estimates.
U. Thank you for the lesson. You are great. Tell yourself: I did well, I thought, I tried, I made discoveries.
