We present to your attention the section on preparing for the OGE in Social Studies. This subject is the third most popular after the compulsory and the first most popular among elective exams. We are pleased to provide you with the most useful and necessary material for each task with a detailed explanation and theory. We are sure that this section will help you pass the exam in social studies in grade 9 with excellent marks!
General information about the exam
The OGE in social studies consists of two parts, which in total contain 31 tasks.
First part contains 25 tasks with brief answer. The second part - 6 tasks with deployed answer.
For execution examination work in social studies assigned 3 hours(180 minutes). Answers to tasks 1-20 are written as one digit, which corresponds to the number of the correct answer. Answers to tasks 21-25 are written as a sequence of numbers in the answer field in the text of the work.
Part 2 includes the text and 6 tasks for it. To complete these tasks, you must:
- select the required information from the text
- disclose (including examples) its individual provisions
- correlate the information from the text with the knowledge gained during the course
- apply existing knowledge to analyze social situations
- express and justify your own opinion.
Answers to the tasks of part 2 are written on a separate sheet. When performing tasks can use draft. Draft entries do not count towards the evaluation of the work.
Theory for the OGE in Social Studies
A brief theory for the successful completion of tasks (recommended for reading before analyzing options).
Examination time sooner or later comes in the life of any person, this is an inevitable stage of socialization, a difficult stage, but high-quality preparation allows you to successfully overcome it. Many schoolchildren, students fail, starting preparation in the last few days before the exam.
Our first piece of advice is that preparation should be systematic, not piecemeal. studying guidelines, performing the tasks presented in this manual, you will see that they check theoretical knowledge and a variety of skills that allow you to meaningfully operate with social science concepts. Impossible for a short time not just to memorize definitions, but to comprehend the content, structure of concepts, to understand at least their main internal and external connections, all the more so to develop the appropriate skills. Similarly, it is impossible to quickly master a variety of skills related to text analysis. and coherently express their thoughts in writing.
A certain part of the tasks of the examination work is connected with the analysis of facts and processes of social reality. Therefore, the general erudition of a person, which is not directly related to the preparation for a particular exam, is of considerable importance here. It is clear that passing the exam in social studies is much easier for those who are interested in contemporary issues person and society, reads a lot and analyzes information from various media.
The second advice is that it is expedient to master the material step by step, performing various tasks as you study the relevant substantive sections of the course.
How should one start preparing for the state final certification in the form of the OGE?
In order to get the right idea about the examination work, we advise you to carefully study the following documents: Codifier of the elements of the content of the examination work, Specification of control measuring materials, Demonstration version and evaluation system of the examination work. They determine the structure and content of the examination paper on the subject. These documents are updated every year, so we advise you to familiarize yourself with the documents last year(www.fipi.ru).
The codifier is compiled on the basis of the mandatory minimum content of the main educational programs and requirements for the level of training of graduates of the basic school (Order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation "On approval of the federal component State standards primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education dated 05.03.2004 No. 1089). The codifier contains a list of content elements that are checked, according to state requirements for the content of education and the preparation of graduates, by the tasks of the examination paper. The examination paper cannot contain tasks that check elements of content that are not provided for by state standards.
The Specification describes the structure and content of the control measuring materials, provides a plan for the examination paper. From this document you will learn how many and what tasks make up the examination paper.
The demo version will allow you to get an idea of the complexity of the examination work on the subject. Naturally, the exam options do not present the tasks that were included in the demo version, but similar ones. Complete tasks demo version and check your answers with the evaluation system of the demo, calculate the points received for completing all the work and determine whether the time allotted for the examination was enough for you - so you can to some extent assess your readiness for the social studies exam.
See the title of this guide. See what topics you have already studied and start doing tasks. It is advisable to complete tasks as you progress through the relevant topics. We recommend that you mark the tasks that are most difficult for you in order to pay closer attention to them during the period of direct preparation for the exam.
If, while preparing for the exam, you have difficulty completing some tasks, encounter unfamiliar concepts and terms, seek advice from teachers, especially since you have such an opportunity with systematic preparation. Performing a task without understanding it is extremely inefficient. Do not limit yourself to the textbook, refer to dictionaries and reference books and note the source used, so that later, if necessary, refer to it again.
The examination paper consists of 2 parts, including 31 tasks. Part 1 contains 25 short answer tasks, part 2 contains 6 long answer tasks. For the implementation of the examination work in social science is given 3 hours(180 minutes).
For each task 1-20 of the work, 4 possible answers are offered, of which only one is correct.
In tasks 21-25, the answer is given in the form of a sequence of numbers (for example, 125), written down without spaces and separator characters.
Answers to the tasks of part 2 are independently formulated and recorded by the examinee in expanded form. Verification of their implementation is carried out by experts on the basis of a specially developed system of criteria. A job well done is valued 39 points.
Every job done right 1-21, 23-25 is worth 1 point. The task 22 evaluated according to the following criteria: 2 points - no errors; 1 point - one mistake was made; 0 points - two or more errors were made. Tasks of part 2 are evaluated depending on the completeness and correctness of the answer. For the complete and correct completion of tasks 26-28, 30 and 31 2 points. With an incomplete answer - 1 point. For the complete and correct completion of the task 29 3 points. In case of incomplete fulfillment, depending on the representation of the required components of the answer - 2 or 1 point.
Thus, for completing the tasks of part 2 (correct and complete wording of answers to all six questions), the examinee can receive a maximum of 13 points.
Option number 53
When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. Separate the fractional part from the whole decimal point. Units of measurement are not required.
If the option is set by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to the tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of the short answer assignments and will be able to grade the uploaded answers to the long answer assignments. The points given by the teacher will be displayed in your statistics.
Version for printing and copying in MS Word
What distinguishes a person from an animal?
1) the presence of physiological needs
2) care for offspring
3) the ability to conscious activity
4) adaptation to the natural environment
Answer:
What is the natural sciences?
1. History
2) mathematics
3) art criticism
Answer:
Ivan Petrovich is guided in his life by the rule: do not wish for another what you do not want for yourself. This rule expresses
1) requirement of law
2) the norm of morality
3) scientific law
4) rule of etiquette
Answer:
Are they true the following judgments about global issues?
A. Global problems are those that affect people all over the world.
B. Global problems posed a threat to the continued existence of mankind.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer:
Ivan did not score the required number of points in the entrance exams to the university and went to college to train as a notary assistant. What level of education is Ivan at?
1) basic general education
2) secondary vocational education
3) complete (secondary) education
4) higher professional education
Answer:
Are the following statements about religion correct?
A. Religion presupposes the possibility of man's communion with God.
B. C modern world the diversity of religious beliefs and cults is preserved.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer:
Answer:
Non-participation in social production of the able-bodied population of working age, which seeks to find work, but cannot do so.
2) unemployment
3) dependency
4) offense
Answer:
In country S., the resources of production are freely sold and acquired. Along with state property, there are private and other forms of property. What type of economy does the state of S. belong to?
1) market
2) administrative
3) traditional
4) command
Answer:
Are the following statements about the properties of a product correct?
A. Any product satisfies the needs of people.
B. A product has a certain value, according to which it can be exchanged for another product.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer:
TO social sphere societies include the relationship between
1) governments of states
2) entrepreneurs of one state
3) the state and the entrepreneur
4) the state and the pensioner
Answer:
The Kondratiev family consists of parents, two children and a grandmother, who all live together in the same apartment. This family is
1) patriarchal
2) large
3) incomplete
4) multigenerational
Answer:
Implementation method system state power, the attitude of the authorities to the realization of the rights and freedoms of the individual
1) form of government
2) state structure
3) political system
4) political regime
Answer:
The Chamber of the Federal Assembly in Russia is
1) Security Council
2) Public chamber
3) Federation Council
4) Supreme Court
Answer:
In the state of N., the president forms the government. At the same time, there is a parliament that must approve the composition of the government proposed by the president. What form of government is represented in the state of N.?
1) constitutional monarchy
2) parliamentary republic
3) absolute monarchy
4) presidential republic
Answer:
Are the following statements about political regimes correct?
A. Democratic regimes include those forms of government in which leading role played by Parliament - the collective legislative body.
B. Non-democratic regimes include those forms of government in which the ruler with unlimited power plays the main role.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer:
The sphere of legal relations includes contacts between
1) a policeman riding a bus and bus passengers
2) voters at the polling station and a candidate for deputy
3) a young man who did not give up his seat in the metro to a disabled person, and a disabled person
4) the owner of the stolen car and the district police inspector
Answer:
What distinguishes the constitution from other legal acts?
1) written form
2) supreme legal force
3) appeal to all citizens
4) support by the power of the state
Answer:
Young people stole someone else's car. Their actions are
1) administrative misconduct
2) a criminal offense
3) disciplinary offense
4) civil misconduct
Answer:
Are the following legal statements correct?
A. Legal norms are binding on the citizens of the country.
B. Legal provisions in modern society exist only in written form.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
Answer:
The above list shows the similarities between human needs and abilities and the differences between needs and human abilities. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences:
1) open up new possibilities for a person
2) affect human activities
3) expressed in a feeling of lack of something
4) change with age
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between facts and spheres of public life: for each element given in the first column, select an element from the second column.
Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| BUT | B | IN | G |
Answer:
Read the given text, each position of which is marked with a letter.
(A) The globalization of the world economy is a controversial process that has both positive and negative consequences. (B) Species extinction is negative consequence globalization. (B) The transition to the information society is not in itself a global problem.
Decide which positions of the text:
1) reflect the facts
2) express opinions
Record in the table the numbers indicating the nature of the relevant provisions.
| BUT | B | IN |
Answer:
Find in the list the conclusions that can be drawn based on the data in the table, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) The opinion that the ecological situation in their area is very bad is shared by more than a quarter of the citizens surveyed.
2) Most of the citizens surveyed consider the environmental situation in their city to be very good.
3) About 1/3 of the surveyed citizens positively assess the environmental situation in their city.
4) More than half of the citizens surveyed rated the environmental situation in their city as very good.
5) Most citizens do not think about the state of the environment in their cities and find it difficult to answer the question.
Answer:
Country X was held sociological survey citizens. They were asked the question: “How do you assess the environmental situation in the city where you live?” The survey results are presented in the table.
Which of the following conclusions follow directly from the information received during the survey? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Among the population of country X there is no consensus on environmental issues.
2) The government of country X can be advised to increase funding for environmental education programs for citizens.
3) Ecology is the most acute problem for the economy of country X.
4) The bulk of the population is dissatisfied with the lack of the opportunity to live in a favorable ecological environment.
5) With the development of production, environmental control should be strengthened.
Answer:
Plan your text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.
Market economy
What are the three signs of a market system indicated in the text?
Market economy
For the emergence of market relations, an important role is played by the presence or absence of the right of private ownership of economic resources. In various epochs of history, small-scale farms created the best conditions for the formation of a market system with its classical signs of competition, balance of supply and demand, and free pricing. The destruction of the traditions of private property destroys the market system itself...
The market is a universal system for the use of limited resources. Limited resources do not allow to produce all kinds of consumer goods that people need. Limitedness is inherent in minerals, capital, knowledge and information about production technologies. The resources of the earth are also limited. And not only in the sense of the limits of the earth's land or geographically designated territories of individual states. The earth is inherently limited in the sense that each of its plots at the same time can be used either in the agricultural sector, or in the mining industry, or for construction.
The role of the market as a regulator of economic relations is assessed differently. Along with those who consider the market system to be the most efficient economic model, there are many who see serious shortcomings in this system. Critics of the market, in particular, pay attention to the fact that there are areas of life where market regulation is inappropriate, does not achieve the desired goals (public transport, defense, etc.).
(According to the book “ Economic theory» / Ed. V. D. Kamaeva. M., 2003. S. 47, 50)
Solutions to tasks with a detailed answer are not checked automatically.
On the next page, you will be asked to check them yourself.
Market economy
For the emergence of market relations, an important role is played by the presence or absence of the right of private ownership of economic resources. In various epochs of history, small-scale farms created the best conditions for the formation of a market system with its classical signs of competition, balance of supply and demand, and free pricing. The destruction of the traditions of private property destroys the market system itself...
The market is a universal system for the use of limited resources. Limited resources do not allow to produce all kinds of consumer goods that people need. Limitedness is inherent in minerals, capital, knowledge and information about production technologies. The resources of the earth are also limited. And not only in the sense of the limits of the earth's land or geographically designated territories of individual states. The earth is inherently limited in the sense that each of its plots at the same time can be used either in the agricultural sector, or in the mining industry, or for construction.
The role of the market as a regulator of economic relations is assessed differently. Along with those who consider the market system to be the most efficient economic model, there are many who see serious shortcomings in this system. Critics of the market, in particular, pay attention to the fact that there are areas of life where market regulation is inappropriate, does not achieve the desired goals (public transport, defense, etc.).
(According to the book "Economic Theory" / Under the editorship of V. D. Kamaev. M., 2003. S. 47, 50)
Solutions to tasks with a detailed answer are not checked automatically.
On the next page, you will be asked to check them yourself.
List four types of resources that are limited in the text. What type of resource is not mentioned? On a specific example, show the limitations of this type of resource.
Market economy
For the emergence of market relations, an important role is played by the presence or absence of the right of private ownership of economic resources. In various epochs of history, small-scale farms created the best conditions for the formation of a market system with its classical signs of competition, balance of supply and demand, and free pricing. The destruction of the traditions of private property destroys the market system itself...
The market is a universal system for the use of limited resources. Limited resources do not allow to produce all kinds of consumer goods that people need. Limitedness is inherent in minerals, capital, knowledge and information about production technologies. The resources of the earth are also limited. And not only in the sense of the limits of the earth's land or geographically designated territories of individual states. The earth is inherently limited in the sense that each of its plots at the same time can be used either in the agricultural sector, or in the mining industry, or for construction.
You know from the course of history that in Russia after the revolution of 1917 the nationalization of industry was carried out. This was the beginning of the liquidation of the market economy in the country. Give the position of the text in which this dependence is expressed. Based on historical and social science knowledge, indicate one of the features of the economic system that was established in the country in the 20-30s of the XX century.
Market economy
For the emergence of market relations, an important role is played by the presence or absence of the right of private ownership of economic resources. In various epochs of history, small-scale farms created the best conditions for the formation of a market system with its classical signs of competition, balance of supply and demand, and free pricing. The destruction of the traditions of private property destroys the market system itself...
The market is a universal system for the use of limited resources. Limited resources do not allow to produce all kinds of consumer goods that people need. Limitedness is inherent in minerals, capital, knowledge and information about production technologies. The resources of the earth are also limited. And not only in the sense of the limits of the earth's land or geographically designated territories of individual states. The earth is inherently limited in the sense that each of its plots at the same time can be used either in the agricultural sector, or in the mining industry, or for construction.
The text points out that many researchers see serious shortcomings in the market system. Do you agree with this assessment of the market? Based on the text and social science knowledge, give two arguments (in addition to those given in the text) in defense of your position.
Market economy
For the emergence of market relations, an important role is played by the presence or absence of the right of private ownership of economic resources. In various epochs of history, small-scale farms created the best conditions for the formation of a market system with its classical signs of competition, balance of supply and demand, and free pricing. The destruction of the traditions of private property destroys the market system itself...
The market is a universal system for the use of limited resources. Limited resources do not allow to produce all kinds of consumer goods that people need. Limitedness is inherent in minerals, capital, knowledge and information about production technologies. The resources of the earth are also limited. And not only in the sense of the limits of the earth's land or geographically designated territories of individual states. The earth is inherently limited in the sense that each of its plots at the same time can be used either in the agricultural sector, or in the mining industry, or for construction.
The role of the market as a regulator of economic relations is assessed differently. Along with those who consider the market system to be the most efficient economic model, there are many who see serious shortcomings in this system. Critics of the market, in particular, pay attention to the fact that there are areas of life where market regulation is inappropriate, does not achieve the desired goals (public transport, defense, etc.).
(According to the book "Economic Theory" / Under the editorship of V. D. Kamaev. M., 2003. S. 47, 50)
Solutions to tasks with a detailed answer are not checked automatically.
On the next page, you will be asked to check them yourself.
Finish testing, check answers, see solutions.
OGE-2016. Social Studies. 30 typical exam options. Kotova O.A., Liskova T.E.
M.: 2016. - 302 p.
The attention of schoolchildren and applicants is offered a manual for preparing for the OGE in social studies, which contains 30 options for typical training work.
Format: pdf
Size: 9.5 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
CONTENT
Introduction 4
Work instructions 5
Map of individual achievements of the student 6
Option 1 . . 8
Option 2 16
Option 3... 23
Option 4. . . thirty
Option 5. ... 37
Option 6. ..... 45
Option 7 52
Option 8 59
Option 9 .66
Option 10. . 73
Option 11. . 80
Option 12. . 88
Option 13. . 95
Option 14-. . 102
Option 15 ..... 109
Option 16. . . . 116
Option 17 123
Option 18 ... , 130
Option 19 138
Option 20. . . .. 146
Option 21. . . 154
Option 22 .... 162
Option 23 .... 169
Option 24. . 176
Option 25. . .. . . 183
Option 26. . . 191
Option 27 .... . . 198
Option 28. . . . . 205
Option 29". 213
Option 30 .... 220
Answers and assessment criteria 227
The proposed collection contains 30 standard examination options for the systematic repetition of educational material in social science and preparation for the state final certification.
After completing the options, the student can check the correctness of their answers using the answer tables at the end of the book. For tasks that require a detailed answer, detailed solutions are given.
The book provides a map of the individual achievements of the student, which can be used to track the dynamics of the performance of the tasks of typical examination options.
By completing the tasks of the presented options, the student gets the opportunity to effectively repeat educational material all the topics of the course and independently prepare for the exam.
The book will be useful for teachers to organize classes in preparation for the OGE, as well as to control knowledge in social studies lessons.
Typical examination options both in form and content of tasks fully correspond to the options for control measuring materials of the main state exam in social science. Each such option contains 31 tasks: 25 tasks requiring a short answer, as well as a document and 6 tasks for it with a detailed answer.
The performance of tasks of standard examination options is assessed as follows.
For the correct answer to each task of part 1, except for task 22, 1 point is given. Task 22 is evaluated according to the following principle: 2 points -*- no errors; 1 point - one mistake was made; 0 points - two or more errors were made.
Tasks of part 2 are evaluated depending on the completeness and correctness of the answer. For the complete and correct completion of tasks 26-28, 30 and 31, 2 points are awarded. With an incomplete answer - 1 point. For the complete and correct completion of task 29, 3 points are awarded. In case of incomplete fulfillment, depending on the representation of the required components of the answer - 2 points or 1 point.
The maximum number of points that can be obtained for completing all the tasks of the examination paper is 39.
