Nikolai Alexandrovich Rubakin

Everyone seems to agree that education plays a fairly important role in our lives. We may have different opinions about exactly what education should be, both in terms of the goals it pursues and in terms of the methods by which they are achieved, but we all agree that we need it. Without knowledge, skills and abilities, it is very difficult to manage in this life. However, regarding self-education, people's opinion is no longer so unambiguous, someone sees a need for it, but someone does not. Intuitively, of course, we all understand that we need self-education, that we need to teach ourselves something new, that this is right and useful. But at the same time, quite a considerable number of people, judging by their way of life, believe that they can do without self-education. But let's think, what is self-education anyway? And is it really possible to do without it?

Self-education is the acquisition by a person of the knowledge, skills and abilities he needs from his point of view through independent studies outside of any educational institution and without the help of a teacher or teacher. Although in my opinion, the presence of a teacher in self-education is quite acceptable. I believe that the main thing is that a person himself wants to learn something, to master something, to learn something. And how he will do it, with the help of what or whom - it's not so important. In any case, the initiative in this matter must come from the person himself - he must want to learn, using all the opportunities available to him for this.

In general, if you take a deeper look at the process of self-education, then you can find a lot of interesting things in it that are related to human qualities, capabilities, desires and needs. That's all we'll talk about in this article. After reading it, you, dear friends, will learn all the most important things about self-education that, from my point of view, you need to know about it in order to start doing it and do it right.

So, let's think again about whether it is really possible to do without self-education in this life, as some people believe? Of course, you can get by, - in this life you can do without much if you want. The only question is, what will it be, this life of yours, if you prefer to do without such important things as self-education in it? Most likely, not the most successful and interesting, because without new knowledge and without the ability to use it, you will simply be weaker than those who know more than you and whose thinking is better developed. And besides, why do without it if it does not require anything special from a person, except perhaps his time and certain volitional efforts? We still spend our free time on something, for example, on the same entertainment. Why not spend it on self-education, because learning new things is also very fun and interesting? You only need to feel this interest, this joy, this pleasure in self-education in order to become seriously interested in it and become addicted to it. And self-education is necessary because the knowledge that a person can get by studying at a school, institute, university and others educational institutions- he is unlikely to be missed in today's ever-changing world. As a matter of fact, the need for new knowledge was there before, but not as acute as it is now, because the world used to change not as fast as it does today.

But from my point of view, it is not even the need for new knowledge that gives importance to self-education, but elementary human interest and curiosity. Think, are you really not interested in learning more about this world, revealing its secrets, finding something new that you don’t know about yet, even without any practical application acquired knowledge, but just for yourself, to fill your inner world with new ideas about the outer world? It's so exciting! You know, they say that most people are not curious and lazy, so they are not interested in anything other than what is relevant to their basic needs and they do not strive for anything new. But I don't think so. I believe that curiosity, due to various circumstances in a person, can simply fall asleep, which is why he shrinks into certain limits in order to feel comfortable. However, if you awaken in a person his sense of curiosity, his curiosity, his interest in everything new and unknown, then self-education will become for him one of the meanings of life. We have already done this with some people - arousing interest and curiosity in them, after which they radically changed their lives, starting to actively engage in self-education and strive for something. I often have to work with people in this direction. So do not rush to give an unambiguous answer to the question of whether you need self-education or not. Let's take a better look at what it can give a person from a practical point of view.

Education and self-education

But first, friends, let's talk a little about how self-education differs from education, from the standard education that most of us are familiar with. This is very important, because a person's attitude to himself and to his life will depend on understanding this difference. So, education is, first of all, the transfer of knowledge to a person with the help of a teacher, in order to teach him something, which, according to the teacher, the student should know. And only then education is the process of assimilation of acquired knowledge by a person. That is, you see, in education, the first place is given to a teacher who in a certain way teaches something to other people or a single person. Whereas in self-education, the focus is on the student himself, that is, the one who learns something on his own. In this case, the student is both a student and a teacher at the same time, and the entire responsibility for the process of obtaining knowledge lies with him. And this allows a person to decide for himself what and how he will study. It is not at all necessary that self-education should take place exclusively without a teacher, it is important who manages this process - a student or a teacher.

It should also be noted that education often allows the student to acquire such knowledge that he may not need. Whereas other knowledge, which he needs to a much greater extent, may not be given to him for one reason or another. In other words, in education, it is not the student who sets the rules, but those who teach him. It's not that bad, it's just not always and not good for everyone. Therefore, ordinary education for a person may simply not be enough. Or it may not be in line with its goals. Let's say the state needs engineers and it influences the education system in such a way that it produces more engineers for the country. But the fact is that you yourself may not be interested in being an engineer, for whatever reason, you may be interested in, say, becoming an economist or a lawyer, or, for example, a psychologist, but not at all. engineer. Because you don't want to prepare yourself for the labor market, you don't need a job! You want to create jobs yourself, you want to work for yourself, so you may need an appropriate education. But at the same time, you are forced to adapt to the existing model of education, to the rules that operate in it, to the teaching methods, to the training material, to the current knowledge test, and so on and so forth. And if you choose who to study and who not, today, in principle, it’s not a problem - if you don’t want to be engineers, for God’s sake, you can study for whoever you want by enrolling in the appropriate educational institution, then this is about teaching methods, and I I would even say, the rules of learning, then it will be much more difficult for you to choose them. And in general, the quality of your education does not always depend on you.

I remember when I was studying - I asked a lot of questions to my teachers and teacher, when I didn’t agree with something or I was just interested in clarifying something. But I was usually, if I may say so, shut up and forced to listen and remember, rather than think and reason, let alone argue. Not all teachers and teachers did this, but nevertheless, I was not satisfied with such an education in which it was impossible to take a step to the left or a step to the right in one’s reasoning, it was impossible to discuss this or that topic from the position of criticism, besides, I wanted to know more, I wanted to find out why something is arranged the way it is, and not otherwise. But in the end, I was forced to behave in a way that was necessary for my teachers and teachers and for the education system as a whole. This is the peculiarity of education - you are taught, according to a program developed by someone, what is needed first of all by someone else, and not by you, with little or no consideration for your interests, desires and life goals.

But self-education can be for you the way you yourself want to see it. You can teach yourself whatever you want and in the way you see fit to do it - using a variety of sources of information, and not those that were selected by someone for some purpose. This is a huge difference between education and self-education. Self-education is based on freedom of choice, and education is mainly based on the needs of society in certain specialists.

Target self-education

I, friends, divide self-education into targeted and non-targeted, or, as I prefer to say in the second case, into free self-education. Free self-education I mean such self-education, which is free from any goals, obligations, from any need to learn something for some specific purpose, and is built solely on interest and curiosity. But targeted self-education is always aimed at solving some specific problem, tasks. That is, let's say you need to improve your skills or learn something new for work, for some business, for some task - you set yourself the goal of learning something specific within a certain period. For example, you need to learn a foreign language to work with foreigners - you either study it yourself, with the help of books, videos, or enroll in special courses and study the language on them. The main thing is that you know exactly why you are doing it and you have certain deadlines that you need to meet. With deadlines, of course, not everything is so simple - here you can never calculate one hundred percent how long it will take you to learn something properly, but they are important for discipline, because a person needs to strive to meet them . Further on, we will proceed from these two approaches to self-education - from targeted and non-targeted self-education.

Self Education Plan

Thus, in order to achieve a specific goal with the help of self-education - to learn something and then apply your knowledge to something - you will need to draw up a detailed self-education plan and start working on it. Let's see what the plan should be like with targeted self-education, while non-targeted, that is, free self-education, in principle, does not need a plan.

There is nothing complicated here - you just need to determine the specific goals that you want to achieve, then select the necessary educational material and determine the time during which you will study it. Well, let's say if you decide to learn a foreign language, then you need to spend a certain amount of time every day, for example, two hours, and stick to this schedule until you notice real positive results from your learning. If you want to study psychology, then you need to understand where to start studying it, what books and other sources of information are best suited for this, who you can talk to about this to help you navigate this issue. You can, of course, start reading everything in a row, but this is not very effective method learning, and sometimes harmful, because, firstly, it will take you a very long time before you understand something and learn something, and secondly, it is possible that due to studying everything you will have a mess in your head and you will simply get confused in the knowledge gained. Still, in any education, including self-study, there must be some kind of system so that all the knowledge that a person receives fits in his head in an orderly manner and forms a complete picture of what he is studying, and not being separate pieces of information. , which does not really explain anything, and sometimes is completely contradictory. It should also be understood that, depending on what exactly you want to study, your self-education can be divided into theoretical and practical. In any case, one should strive to test the theory with practice, so as not to have a false idea of ​​​​one's own education.

So I repeat, developing a self-education plan is not difficult - you just need to find all the necessary educational materials- books, articles, video / audio materials, it is also possible to find the right people who can teach you something, and then start actively learning what interests you, moving from simple to complex. Once again, I want to note that self-education does not necessarily mean self-education by a person of himself - he may well resort to the help of other people, those who will become a teacher for him, the main thing is that the initiative to learn something comes from him, then is, from the student. Naturally, for this sometimes difficult task, you need to find time, energy, information, people. And, of course, you also need to stock up on patience, after all, learning is not easy, and teaching yourself is even more difficult, especially if you have not done this before. But from my own experience I can tell you that once you start doing this, and in the future self-education will become a habitual thing for you - you will study not only out of necessity, but also at will. And now let's just talk about this.

Free self-education

Free self-education does not pursue any specific goals and does not adhere to any specific deadlines during which a person needs to learn something - it satisfies our curiosity and allows us to acquire knowledge, as they say, in reserve. With free self-education - we enjoy the fact that we learn something new, we do not force ourselves to learn - we want to learn, we want to understand a lot and know everything. This is how I understand this process, in which a person, one might say, studies for the sake of learning itself. The main thing here, I repeat, is to be curious. To strive for new knowledge. Just like children who are interested in everything, and they want to know about everything - this is how a person should be. Unfortunately, for many adults, curiosity is, well, not completely beaten off, but at least driven somewhere very deep. Therefore, many adults have little interest in anything, they do not know how to enjoy the acquisition of new knowledge and skills. Only a few of them are not just ready, but want, really want to constantly learn. But I hope that after this article, people will have this desire even stronger.

I think, friends, that the primary thing is still a person's desire to learn, and then some kind of need for this. Although you and I are well aware that our desires depend on the external environment, on our needs, on the conditions in which each of us is. Nevertheless, the difference between when you yourself want to learn something, just for the sake of interest, for the sake of expanding your horizons or to improve your life, and when you are forced or forced to do it, is still significant. In one case, we understand why we want to educate ourselves, because we want to, and in the other, we learn something not so much for ourselves as for others. Unfortunately, most people are accustomed to learning for someone or something - because they are taught to do so. For example, a person can imitate learning for the sake of a diploma and other waste paper, and not really study for the sake of knowledge. Further, this habit of learning for the sake of someone, and not for the sake of oneself, forces people to look for an external, rather than internal incentive for learning, for self-education. We will not now deal with why we are taught to study for someone, in part I have already said this above, we will simply conclude that very few are engaged in self-education of their own free will, and much more people do it out of necessity, or in other words, under the influence of external factors. Nevertheless, if a person teaches himself, he is undoubtedly engaged in self-education. And it certainly benefits him.

Self-education is, first of all, openness to new knowledge, it is the desire to receive this new knowledge, it is love for knowledge. This openness, this desire, is very lacking for many people. On the one hand, people are arranged in such a way that they can do a lot only out of hand, even if we are talking about something that is useful to them. And self-education definitely benefits any person. But on the other hand, our education system also often discourages people from learning something on their own, because it is wrong, I think, motivates to learn, so many people learn something only due to external incentives. Although there are exceptions when people are taught in such a way that later they themselves learn something new with pleasure all their lives. A person must be taught to reach out for knowledge - this, I believe, is the most important task for education. Here, everyone is drawn to pleasure and entertainment, and few want and can learn and enjoy it. Therefore, if you instill in a person an interest in learning in childhood, then it is likely that he will study all his life, he will constantly educate himself, regardless of external conditions and incentives.

Motivation

Do you need any motivation for free self-education? Undoubtedly. Only this should be predominantly internal motivation, so that a person does not force himself, wanting to learn something new, but does it with passion and dedication. What is behind the motivation? Behind motivation are emotions, and behind them are either internal or, which is much more common, external factors. Something should excite a person, excite, cling, annoy. Often, difficulties in life lead to self-education of a person, and not curiosity, not interest. But at the same time, engaging in self-education for the sake of solving their problems, a person can fall in love with this business, and subsequently study no longer because of necessity, but because of interest and for pleasure. So sometimes a hard life and various problems only benefit people. After all, when a person’s life is going very well, then of course he may have an interest in learning if he is a rather curious and purposeful person, but most often people in such cases prefer not to strain much, either mentally or physically. And it’s a completely different matter when something in a person’s life doesn’t go the way he would like, then he begins to ask questions and look for something that can help him - information, knowledge, people who can help him with something teach. So internal motivation caused by adverse external factors is a very fertile ground for self-education.

What to study?

Knowledge is power. And thinking is the ability to use this power. That is my conviction. In our time, when a lot of knowledge becomes obsolete very quickly and even more knowledge is, let's say, not of very high quality or frankly harmful - a person without well-developed thinking is like a ship without a captain - anyone can carry him along, anyone can knock him off sense, anyone can impose their point of view on him, mislead him, and so on. See for yourself how often many people make decisions that are harmful to them, which from the outside look quite stupid. But many useful knowledge is available to people today - the Internet, libraries and even smart people who know a lot and can teach a lot - all this is around us. It would seem - take it and use it. But, unfortunately, not everyone can take advantage of this goodness. And not only because people don’t have time for this, you can just find the time, but because in the ocean of information you need to be able to navigate. Now, if earlier a lot of knowledge was inaccessible, so some people who knew a lot had an advantage over other people who had less knowledge, today those who know how to work with information succeed. So thinking needs to be developed - it is it that will make you stronger and more adapted to the modern world.

Well, in connection with the foregoing, I cannot but offer you my service in the form of a thinking development program. AT recent times I pay a lot of attention to this issue, because I believe that in the future it is high-quality thinking that will be valued above all else. It’s not that thinking wasn’t important to humans before, it’s just that in the future it will become our only advantage over artificial intelligence systems, which are slowly starting to squeeze us out of many areas. Already today, some computer programs can completely replace people, and in the future, the role of a person in solving various kinds of problems will decrease even more. But it's not just about that, it's also about our own attitude towards ourselves. I think that I will not be mistaken if I assume that most of you, dear readers, would like to think very well in order to quickly and efficiently solve your daily tasks and cope with various problems that constantly arise in the life of every person. Therefore, smart people have always had an interest in thinking, and in particular in the ways of its development. However, not smart people either. I understand all this and myself, as I have already said, I show great interest precisely in thinking, in the methods of its development. And so I developed a special program and continue to develop and improve it, which allows you to develop thinking in a very interesting way - with the help of the ability to pose questions and look for answers to them. On the one hand, it is not new, because even Socrates at one time got to the bottom of the truth or refuted it with the help of well-posed questions, but on the other hand, I developed my program based on my own idea of ​​what questions and in what sequence a person should to ask in order to come to the knowledge, thoughts, decisions he needs, or to create new useful knowledge. So I have the right to say that my program for the development of thinking today has no analogues. In fact, if these analogues were, then what's the point of creating something similar. Being a parrot is unpleasant and often unprofitable.

And finishing the conversation about self-education, perhaps, I will say the most important thing - everyone should do it, always and in any way possible. I believe that while we are learning something new, as in childhood, when everything was interesting to us, when we actively explored the world around us - we, friends, live. It doesn’t matter how old you are, where you live, what you do, what interests you have - study, educate yourself, learn more new things, communicate with smart people from whom you can learn something and in this way maintain in yourself the love of life that us is not so long that we deny ourselves this great happiness.

Topics for future articles find the authors themselves - for this it is enough to live an active day and communicate with other people. Today, talking with the lovely accountant Tatyana from the next office, we touched on the topic of self-education, what it is, and what the passion for self-study can result in. Tatyana and I decided that the opportunities for self-education today are huge))

It is clear that we were not the first to discover this truth, but when I came home and opened my mail, I read and saw the cry of the soul, which I quote in the original for complete clarity:

If you think about it, there are so many opportunities for self-education now! You can learn any language on your own, the history of any country, geography, physics, chemistry - whatever. All textbooks are online, collections of scientific articles with the most advanced developments and discoveries are published, there are online audio materials - books in original languages, radio broadcasts ... Learn - I don’t want to! And for some reason, the bulk of them really don't want to. Weird.

It is rightly said that brevity is the sister of talent, the whole topic of the article is revealed in a few phrases. What else would you like to write about? Believe me, we are so frivolous about the opportunities that are in our lives, or rather, they run past our lives, since we don’t pay any attention to them, that it’s time to think about the opportunities we missed, and after some then it's time to regret it.

Look, today almost everyone has a computer with Internet access, but we do not use even a tenth of the opportunities with which we could improve our lives. Around everything seems to be a deception, a scam, unworthy of us personally doing this. Is that what the majority thinks?

On the other hand, we have wound up very well, and we know how to complain about low wages, how to sharpen lyes in the comments to an article about current events in the country, how to spend an evening, or even a day, wandering around social networks and spending time senselessly. The opportunities and prospects that the Internet provides us today, in connection with gaining access to an unlimited flow of information and information, can help in raising the level of our own development, and gaining new knowledge and skills. Just not everyone likes it.

Boring, someone will definitely say ... And someone is already using to the maximum what others consider boring. And since we are all very different, each one will be right in his own way, and will defend his own point of view.

And yet, if I can plant at least some small seed in “fertile soil”, I am sure that changes will definitely occur in each of us, and for the better.

Opportunities for self-education have always been

Opportunities for self-education have always been: remember, at school we were always given homework, students had and still have to gain additional knowledge along the way theoretical training in educational institutions, a long time ago it was completely normal to enroll in some kind of circle or section, and reveal your talents one by one. All this was free, or did not require as much money as it is today.

Yes, today it is more difficult and more difficult than before ... But do you know that difficulties temper and make our character stronger? Why is it suddenly necessary to consider that having paid money and sending ourselves or our child to a music school, we must definitely study there until retirement? And if this is not what we thought was the calling of our whole life? How to be?

Try and move on. But first you need to try to determine your strengths and weaknesses, good way I described in the article, so that the trip does not drag out in time, and does not become costly in terms of money. After identifying your strengths, pick two or three areas in which you are interested and comfortable. And start studying.

That is, you can independently master both new directions for yourself and those that you have forgotten over time, or if you understand that you cannot see career growth in the workplace, you can develop yourself within the framework of your profession. So let's think together about what you can teach yourself on your own:

Health and healthy lifestyle

As modern man Should today have a number of certain virtues, skills and abilities, then you can start with yourself, thereby improving the opinion of others about yourself and reinforcing your self-confidence. You can increase the amount of your knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, go in for sports, find like-minded people on the network, and discuss the results achieved with them. A huge amount of practical advice can be found on how to be able to dress stylishly and look beautiful. Look for such information if you find that this is exactly what you need.

Oratory

In order to improve your communication skills, you can work on your pronunciation skills. Take a course in public speaking, it will significantly increase your weight in the team and increase your value in the eyes of management. And for starters, take 45 sayings in a single text (read aloud).
Save it so you don't forget..

On Thursday, the fourth day at four and a quarter, the Ligurian traffic controller regulated in Liguria, but thirty-three ships tacked, tacked, but never caught it, and then the protocol about the protocol was recorded by the protocol, as the interviewed Ligurian traffic controller eloquently, but not cleanly reported, yes he didn’t report, he reported so much about the wet weather that, so that the incident would not become a contender for judicial precedent, the Ligurian traffic controller acclimatized in unconstitutional Constantinople, where crested laughers laughed with laughter and shouted to the Turk, who was blackly stoned with a pipe: don’t smoke, Turk, pipe, buy better a pile of peaks, it’s better to buy a pile of peaks, otherwise a bombardier from Brandenburg will come - he will bombard him with bombs because some black-nosed half of his yard has dug up, dug and undermined with his snout; but in fact, the Turk was not in business, and Klara was stealing to the chest at that time, while Karl was stealing corals from Clara, for which Klara stole the clarinet from Karl, and then in the yard of the tarry widow Varvara, these two thieves stole firewood ; but it’s a sin - not laughter - not to put it in a nut: about Clara and Karl in the darkness, all the crayfish rustled in a fight - so the thieves were not up to the scorer, and not up to the tarry widow, and not up to the tarry children; but the angry widow removed the firewood into the barn: one firewood, two firewood, three firewood - all the firewood did not fit, and two woodcutters, two woodcutters, woodcutters for Varvara, who became emotional, drove the firewood across the yard back to the woodyard, where the heron was withering, the heron was drying up, the heron is dead; the heron's chick clung tenaciously to the chain; well done against the sheep, against the young man the sheep himself, with which Senya carries hay in a sleigh, then carries Senya Sonya and Sanka on a sled: sled - jump, Senka - to the side, Sonya - in the forehead, everything - into a snowdrift, and Sasha only knocked bumps with his hat , then Sasha went along the highway, Sasha found a sachet on the highway; Sonya - Sashka's girlfriend was walking along the highway and sucking dry, and besides, Sonya the spinner also had three cheesecakes in her mouth - exactly in a honey cake, but she had no time for a honey cake - Sonya, even with cheesecakes in her mouth, reprimands the sexton, - overreacts: buzzing, like a ground beetle, buzzing, and spinning: it was at Frol's - Frol lied to Lavra, he will go to Lavr to Frol, Lavra will tell lies that he is a sergeant with a sergeant, a captain with a captain, that a snake has a snake, and a hedgehog has a hedgehog, and he has a high-ranking the guest took away the cane, and soon five children again ate five and a quarter quarters of a quarter of a quarter of lentils without a wormhole, and one thousand six hundred and sixty-six pies with whey curd from yogurt - all about that around the stake the bells were ringing, so much so that even Konstantin, a Salzburg unpromising man from under an armored personnel carrier, stated: just as all the bells cannot be chimed, not re-belled, so all tongue twisters cannot be re-speak, not re-speak; but trying is not torture.

Learn to type fast

Your work efficiency, especially if you have to type on a computer, will be enhanced by taking a touch typing course on a keyboard. Re-read about this method of learning in the article. In fact, there is nothing complicated. In a nutshell, then download the program from the official website (link in the article), install it on your computer, and go through 10 or 11 lessons for free. Then pay Shakhidzhanyan 200 or 300 rubles to a cell phone, and train for another 90 lessons in a row. The course is so exciting that I remember typing at night to get ahead. To be honest, everything progressed with difficulty, because having made 3 mistakes, I had to retype the text again, and with each lesson the texts became longer and longer. But it's so exciting to type better than others, or than you did yesterday! I envy those who are still learning.

Second higher education

Using the Internet, you can get a second or additional higher education. does the impossible - teaches us at a distance. That's where you have to sweat on your own - we know that you won't be able to write off on the Internet, you'll have to rack your brains.

Books

books, electronic books, electronic magazines… An excellent source of knowledge – we always turn to books when there is a need and need. On the net, by the way, you can buy your favorite books quite inexpensively, you can go to Ozone and see the catalog. See what the people you like are reading, who you would like to be like.

financial literacy

It's strange why people always count money so carefully at their work, and do not do it at all in home accounting? Yes, and accounting, as such, may not be at home at all. Take a notebook, draw columns in it: date, income, expense, name, balance - and you will be happy! You will finally find out how much money you spend per month on food, or on other items of expenditure, and you will be able to draw the appropriate conclusions. Participate in webinars by different authors, compare, expand your knowledge on how to become a financially literate person - this is not taught in school. Do not let poverty into your life - learn to count.

Extra skills

It will be everything that you consider additional, for example, you are talented at writing articles, but you don’t know how to optimize photos at all. Learn and having additional skills, you will have the possibility of additional income. For those who want to learn some craft (knitting, embroidery, cooking, confectionery) - there are great amount interesting people and courses that will be an indispensable source of information to obtain an effective result. Search online for examples of experienced craftsmen successfully selling their work, and you'll see that demand has outpaced supply so far. As an example, I can cite Nelli Fedosenko, she always writes very interestingly about new business ideas, for sure, for some of you, her newsletter will become a source of inspiration and new ideas.

New profession

It happens that the profession, as they say, has become boring, and you want something new. See how other people are able to make money using their time online and on social media. , for example, the profession of content manager, or administrator social networks, and bring tangible benefits not only to other people, but also to yourself as a financial benefit.

Teach others!

Surely you know well what other people do not know. Perhaps you are an experienced accountant, or an experienced lawyer, and you know how to translate laws into Russian and explain how to act in one or another difficult situation. It is possible that you know how better than others not only to make repairs well, but also to explain how, for example, to paste the wallpaper correctly. Create your own website, share useful and free information with people, and conduct paid consultations via Skype. If you win over people and convince others that you are a competent specialist, then there will be no end to customers. Use this opportunity, don't miss it.

Foreign languages

Probably, only in Russia the majority of its citizens know only one language - their native language. Meanwhile, learning a foreign language via the Internet is quite realistic - you just need to want and do it. Find a teacher that you would like to learn from. Today it is not difficult to learn a foreign language: at our service there are ample opportunities for textual information, audio and video, if there is a desire. Impress yourself, your family and friends with your learning abilities foreign language.

Strengths are those that bring money

I once read a good phrase:

Strengths are those that bring in money.

Undoubtedly, this should be strived for, since an adult is often motivated by rather prosaic things. And yet, realizing that the possibilities of self-education are endless, many people will not like to stay out of the ongoing processes. If there is interest, and a person thinks about how to apply the acquired knowledge, then self-education begins to work. And if he finds a combination of self-education with his deep creative programs, then he gets a unique specialist.

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The modern rhythm of human life does not always allow you to fully attend the university to get additional education take courses and lengthy trainings. Despite this trend, the need for continuous development and advanced training does not disappear, but only increases: every employer needs professionals. Deftly get out of a difficult situation is real. This can be done through the appropriate educational sites. All you need is a desire for self-improvement and a couple of hours of free time every day.

In addition to the well-known ways of learning on youtube, there are a lot of other useful and exciting programs, about which, unfortunately, there is little information. Let them not teach you how to scuba dive, but they will definitely increase the level of knowledge on a particular topic.

5 sites for those who are passionate about art

If your hobby, passion, profession is any branch of art, then the next top sites will definitely be to your liking. The disadvantage of some of them is the focus on the English-speaking audience. But there is also a certain plus hidden in this: there is a chance to raise the level in English. However, the sites are compiled and described clearly, and therefore it is easy to understand them.

1. https://artchive.ru is a Russian-language platform for everyone who is fond of fine arts. Huge virtual art gallery added interesting facts, information about artists, exhibitions and other thematic events. The site is useful for beginners and professional artists, collectors, art dealers and ordinary users.
2. https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/– all Google users have the opportunity to plunge into the world art. The corporation has developed a special website that contains the most famous collections of artists that have left their mark on the history and development of the direction as a whole. You can see in detail not only paintings, but also museums that store masterpieces.
3. https://www.drawspace.com - if studying theory and revisiting famous paintings is not enough for you, then it means it's time to start practicing. The DrawSpace website will help you try your hand at fine arts. You load the picture and repeat it according to the displayed instructions. Everything is simple and affordable.
4. https://photo-monster.ru - taking beautiful photos, as everyone knows, is a whole art, the intricacies of which not every photographer knows. This Russian-language platform will help photographers solve many pressing problems, as well as share some tricks and subtleties.
5. http://teoria.com - master musical art without practice it is impossible, as the creators of the site knew about. Here you can find both theoretical nuances and a lot of tutorials for working at home.

5 sites for general development

Improve your knowledge in any area, raise vocabulary and it is not difficult to acquire the status of a well-read person if you regularly visit one of the following platforms:

1. https://postnauka.ru - simple, accessible and exciting. A site with posts on various topics, supplemented by author's content and unique information.
2. https://www.lektorium.tv is a constantly growing portal with video files and lectures from leading experts and educational institutions. To gain knowledge, it is enough to enroll in the chosen program.
3. https://4brain.ru/ - Russian-language courses, articles and lectures for self-improvement. If you spend your free time using this site, then it will not be useless.
4. https://theoryandpractice.ru - you can find out previously unknown information here, starting from the main page. The materials are not tied to a specific topic, so the site is useful to all users.
5. https://thequestion.ru/ is a platform for eternally curious people-why-why. Here, current, problematic and noteworthy questions.

5 websites to learn English

It is simply unacceptable not to try to improve your level of English now. Therefore, new ideas and ways of studying it appear quite often. Below are the most understandable and content-filled platforms. Just choose the most comfortable for you.

Instruction

Fiction is the foundation of any education. It helps to develop imagination, learn how to use stylistic devices correctly and write correctly. On the Internet you can find a lot of lists of books that, according to their authors, you need to have time to read in your life or up to a certain age. In fact, not all of these books need to be read. Look at their description, diverse reviews and decide what will really interest you.

Classical Russian literature is considered great throughout the world, so it should not be neglected. Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Chekhov - the works of these authors are studied in school years, but they wrote much Moreover that is included in the curriculum.

Don't forget about world classics. "Jane Eyre" by S. Bronte, "Wuthering Heights" by E. Bronte, "Vanity Fair" by W. Thackeray, "Les Misérables" by V. Hugo, "Red" by F. Stendhal - beautiful, exciting works that make you experience everything with their heroes current events. The works of E.-M. Remarque, A. Hailey and F. S. Fitzgerald will introduce you to the 20th century in its various manifestations. And written at the beginning of the twentieth century by D. London "Martin Eden" will show what heights self-education can help to achieve.

Sometimes you can dilute your reading circle modern literature. Today we meet worthwhile works, but you need to look for them wisely, and not take on the first bestseller that fell into your hands. Popularity is not always a sign of quality. "Extremely Close & Incredibly Loud" by J. Foer, "Just Together" by A. Gavalda are easy to read books with meaning, you can start with them.

Read works in foreign languages. There are series of books where the original text goes along with the translation - so you can understand how certain sentences are translated. It is more effective for learning a foreign language on your own, but many problems can arise here. So it is better to start with parallel texts, or read the book in the original with someone who can definitely help you with the correct translation. Read yours first favorite work, it will be easier to understand.

Read the Bible. To an educated person should get acquainted with it, even if he is an unbeliever. As with other religious texts: the Koran, the Vedas. This will help to better understand religion, to judge it, without tearing words and events out of context. Without knowledge, it is impossible to draw up a clear position on the issue, and even more so to criticize something.

History and historical works are important for understanding the course of events and the relationship between them. On the other hand, they are monuments to great people and just interesting literary works. Read biographies of your favorite writers and public figures, or their memoirs - they convey the spirit of their time well. Through E.-M. Remarque and A.I. Solzhenitsyn, you can get acquainted with the world wars of the 20th century - not so much with the course of events, but with human feelings and experiences.

Psychology, sociology, philosophy, social psychology - you can read manuals on these topics, and if something arouses more interest, delve into more serious literature. These four sciences will help you understand yourself and those around you, find out what processes are taking place in society and what principles relationships between people are built on. D. Myers" Social Psychology"good and interesting tutorial to get to know the human inner world. The study of philosophy should begin with the works of Greek thinkers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle.

Helpful advice

Read about what interests you. Books on needlework, science, technology. You may need someone to explain the basics - feel free to ask for help. Clarify everything that you do not understand, in the future everything will fall into place and you will gain a lot of invaluable knowledge.

Related article

Sources:

• The best books in the world, 9 lists with a description of each work listed
• 5 list versions from YOung JOurnalists
• Compilation best books contemporary authors, LiveLib website

The self-sufficiency of a person is reflected in the well-being of his life. It happens that already fully established people who have a higher (or other professional) education, a prestigious job, a family, strong friendships, lack something, it seems that they have not yet done what they were born for. Often because of this, a person breaks his life in the bud: quarrels with friends, loses his job, destroys his family. And all you need to do is change yourself and add something new: knowledge, skills, skills, without changing the surrounding society. Self-education will help to do this, it is difficult to get it, but if you wish, you can increase your level of literacy using mental and physical potential.

Instruction

First of all, you need to decide on the direction. If it is difficult to choose to learn several sciences at once, then it is worth sorting out in memory all the desires from childhood, remembering what worked, liked, but could not be studied in depth due to some life situations.

After the approved choice, sources of information are selected: books, websites, consultants, etc. It is important to check the scientific and humane nature of everything so that it does not carry false and verbiage. Often there are books that are duplicated in content, differing only in covers, therefore, it is useful to find people who are already versed in this area in order to receive important advice, correct knowledge and skills.

Then move on to education. Get a number of notebooks for notes, not embarrassed like a schoolboy, because when a person writes, he remembers better. When learning something new, you should not “renounce” the whole world, forgetting about everything in the world, continue to lead a familiar lifestyle, communicating with relatives and colleagues at work.

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The criteria for the effectiveness of any training is also considered the ability of the student to develop independently: to study additional literature, to perform the assignments creatively, showing their own personality and charisma, to actively explore the area in which a person is going to apply his knowledge. It should also not be forgotten that the learning process is closely related to the development of mental processes within a person. How to determine that self-education is effective?

Since a person can learn and listen to the knowledge gained only when he is in a normal psychological state: he is not disturbed by anything, he is calm and ready to devote time to himself, then, of course, it is necessary to very clearly monitor how emotionally stable a person is at the time of training.

Let's define the main indicators of personal growth:

• peace of mind;
• respect for one's own health;
• adequate response to the environment;
• understanding and acceptance of oneself as a person;
• an adequate understanding of their capabilities;
• interest in self-perception and self-knowledge;
• the need to develop knowledge and receive additional education;
• active life position;
• positive attitude;
• perseverance and upholding their convictions.

This is all very important, since the state of mind of a person affects his activity and attitude towards the world and the people around him. A person must understand why he is studying, and build specific goals.

Since if there is no goal and there is nothing to strive for, then the whole point of self-learning disappears, since you can confuse the already accumulated knowledge and thoughts in your head. And this will hinder both personal and career development of a person.

Be sure to analyze any of your activities. Why are you doing it? And what will you get in the end? Any process must have a progressive outcome, otherwise there is no point in wasting time and effort on achieving vague goals.

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Many people complain about the inefficiency of education at school or university, explaining that the knowledge gained is fragile and completely unnecessary in real life. The fact is that modern education teaches, first of all, to acquire knowledge, i.e. it is the basis for further self-education.

What is self-education?

In a sense, we encounter self-education almost every day. For example, you did not understand some foreign word in the game and you decide to look up its value on the Internet. This is already situational self-education, but it does not have one very important characteristic - systematicity. Such searches for information on the Internet are random and ineffective.

Self-education is a path penetrating the whole life of the most purposeful and successful people; it is a purposeful activity motivated by the professional or personal interests of a person. In the process of self-education, it is not enough just to read textbooks and books on interesting topics(although this is certainly a very important aspect of full-fledged self-development). It is important to follow a certain strategy, a system that would determine the productivity of this process. You need to find for yourself the goals and objectives of self-education, methods and means of its implementation. Thus, the features of self-education are:

1. lack of an educational institution;
2. absence of a teacher/teacher;
3. the presence of intrinsic motivation;
4. freedom of choice of sources and methods of studying information;
5. the presence of a certain system;
6. self-control.

Why is self-education effective?

With a properly built system of self-education, the topics and problems that a person studies without the participation of teachers and the control of outsiders are assimilated much stronger than the knowledge gained during training in educational institution. This is due to the fact that the problem being studied is initially close to a person. Agree, a person is unlikely to choose an uninteresting and unnecessary topic for self-education. That is, a person has internal motivation, which, perhaps, plays a decisive role in the lasting assimilation of knowledge. In addition, the systematicity of classes and methods of self-control can be adjusted to your own life schedule and individual characteristics character.

Why do you need a self-study plan? It may seem like a lot of work, because you can simply buy 3-4 books on the topic and start studying them, right? And here it is not. One of the main problems of self-education is that, without a clear plan and understanding of what and how to teach, it is very easy to get confused and give up the whole idea. That's why you need a primary study of the subject and the creation of a plan - it will be a kind of compass with which you will start the journey.

In addition, the plan:

• motivates;
• helps fight disorganization;
• serves as a visual reminder.

Drawing up a plan for self-education is an energy-intensive process, but it pays off with interest. The most important thing that he gives is organization. It is easy to find thousands of excuses if there is chaos in your thoughts.

It is also worth noting that the plan of self-education is made up by teachers. Such a tool can be useful to any person who is engaged in self-study and improves their skills.

Four types of plans

We will talk about four types of plans, each of which you can use on its own or combine. Create something that is right for you.

Time Based Plan

This plan is universal: it is suitable for those who want to study one or more subjects at once.

Everything is simple here: you "book" a certain amount of time in the morning, afternoon and / or evening, after which you create your schedule, hang it on the wall and stick to it.

Location Based Plan

It's a cunning plan because it puts you in a position where you can't help but learn.

Places can be very different:

• the park;
• library;
• favorite cafe;
• public transport.

The essence of such plans is that you purposefully go there to study. Surprisingly, sometimes it's easier to motivate yourself to do it in the library than in the next room.

And, of course, it can be combined with the first plan.

free plan

The free plan is fundamentally different from the rest in that no goals are set in the learning process. Instead, you need to keep a diary in which you will write down what you have learned, what successes you have achieved and where you are going.

With this approach, you are more likely to be surprised, because you simply give yourself, say, two hours of time, not knowing what you will study. Some freshness remains and motivation rises.

The disadvantage of such a plan lies in its merit: you can spend a huge amount of time on unnecessary things.

Goal Based Plan

To make this plan, you need to find three main goals that you want to achieve. Based on them, the entire training program is built.

This plan can be combined with others to find the perfect balance and contentment.

Now let's find out how to make a self-education plan.

How to make a self-education plan

Find out why you want to learn this particular skill

This is a preparatory step that should be taken very seriously. We often do rash acts that cost a lot: both time and money. In terms of training, it is still more critical: you can waste several months, or even years.

This is especially true if you want to learn programming. In order to start earning in this area, they say, you need to study from six months to one and a half years. So if you don't feel motivated enough and overwhelmed with enthusiasm, then it might not be for you.

It's all about being intrinsically motivated. Here are some questions to ask yourself:

• Do you want to find a job that will be more meaningful and important than the current one?
• Do you want to find a higher paying job?
• Do you want to change the world?

Even if the answers are a bit pompous, it is important that you understand that they are honest and forthright.

The preparatory phase has been completed. At the second stage, you will need a sheet of A4 paper or an electronic file. This is a prerequisite. You need to create step by step instructions for herself, so that she constantly loomed before her eyes and did not allow her to be distracted by anything insignificant.

Make a list of goals

This is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. You should come up with as many goals as possible so that you can compare them later and choose the most important one(s). So don't limit yourself to something like "I want to learn how to build a WordPress site" or "I want to learn how to knit a sweater".

So, the list of goals is ready. How to choose the most important? First of all, you need to find out if there are combined ones among them.

A combination goal is one that opens up more options for you:

• Learning a new language can help you move to another country or get a better paying job.
• Learning the Java language will increase your income several times over.

If you learn how to knit a sweater, then most likely it will be an end in itself.

Therefore, ideally, you should choose those goals that will significantly move you forward. It also has a positive effect on motivation.

Choose from one to three targets. There shouldn't be too many of them. At the same time, they can be quite ambitious, but not prohibitive.

Make a list of resources

You can either find everything you need on the internet. Here are the resources you should take a look at:

• MOOC courses;
• books;
• magazines;
• blogs;
• educational videos;
• attending conferences and lectures;
• internship;
• volunteer work;
• trips;
• finding a mentor.

At the same time, you must understand that there is not enough time for everything. It is important to choose 3-5 main resources and focus on them. The rest is worth doing only if you purposefully set aside time to try something new.

Set key points in training

These are the points by which you can track progress. Learning is a long and sometimes boring process, but the main difficulty is that you will not immediately get results.

In addition, an ambitious goal can easily overwhelm your psyche, especially at times when motivation will tend to zero. Therefore, set the key points:

• a certain number of written pages;
• site creation;
• Intermediate level in English;
• creating a phone application.

Set a schedule and daily routine

Learning is not something you can shove into your life and hope it works. This is the basis, the Sun, around which all the planets must revolve. Do not forget that you are learning to make your life much better, which means that this becomes the main priority.

Create a time frame for each goal. What are you going to do today, tomorrow, next week, six months from now to reach your goal? Be sure to master the skills and learn how to properly manage your time.

Create a daily routine. You must change your life, because the former will no longer be - it is naive to hope for this. A lot will change because you will highlight a large number of time for training.

So, to repeat: you must change the daily routine, book time to learn your skill. And also set a deadline in order to keep yourself in good shape.

Track progress

Tracking progress is the very process that positively affects the level of motivation. As already mentioned, in the learning process, you will not immediately begin to receive practical results, which means that you can give up at any time. But not if you track your progress.

Tracking should be understood primarily as keeping a diary. You write down in it everything that and how you studied, as well as how much time it took. Document every little thing. In a few weeks it will be possible to draw certain conclusions based on this information. You will learn to identify trends, understand your strengths and weaknesses, bad and good habits. And finally, you will begin to draw the right conclusions, adjusting both your behavior and your self-education plan.

The English-speaking Internet offers a wide variety of applications that you can use to track your progress in learning so that you can correct your plan if there are inaccuracies and gaps in it.

• Degraded. Learners use Degreed to quantify, track, and organize learning from any source, both formal and informal.
• Diigo. Simplifies your work information system and improves performance. Also adds digital marks and notes to PDFs, saves links, images and pages, and encourages collaboration and sharing with other students.
• TopTracker. This application can be used to keep track of the time you spend in Photoshop or other digital tools (and therefore suitable for web designers and programmers).

The writer Isaac Asimov is said to have once said, "Self-education is the only education you have." It's hard to argue with that, because it's up to you to know better what you want to study. The main thing is to create an effective plan and strictly follow it.

We wish you good luck!