Most of us study in order to find then Good work. In turn, every self-respecting university is interested in the position of graduates in the labor market and their assessment of the education received. One of the latest studies of the HSE Center for Internal Monitoring is devoted to these issues. In the spring of 2011, 1748 graduates who graduated from the university in different years (2004-2010) were surveyed.

“We study not for school, but for life” - this is the motto of the Higher School of Economics. “HSE is trying, first of all, to provide students with an analytical tool,” the rector explains the principles of education at the Higher School of Economics. - It is impossible to teach the entire array of knowledge in any branch of knowledge, you can teach it to extract. It is completely unknown what our students will earn in five years, technologies in material production, and in computer science, and in social life, and in financial life are changing so quickly that if we teach everyone well-developed tools for making money today, it’s not a fact that they won't lose tomorrow. It seems to me that a graduate of a research university should be able to master any technology on his own, and this distinguishes him, distinguishes him from a standard university.”

That is why HSE focuses on teaching theory and developing personal skills that help students adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions. A survey of graduates shows that for the majority, the knowledge and skills acquired at the university within the framework of the specialty correspond to their employment in the labor market. For example, respondents were asked to assess how their current job corresponds to the specialty they received. The ratings were given on a 7-point scale, where 1 - "does not correspond at all", and 7 - "completely corresponds". The majority of graduates evaluate the compliance of the current work with the received specialty at 5-7 points (55%). It should be noted that among those who completed two stages of education at the Higher School of Economics (bachelor's and master's), there are almost no those who talk about the discrepancy between their current employment and the education they received.

Speaking about the acquired competencies, the majority of the respondents noted that they had learned to cope with a large amount of work, independently master new areas of knowledge, express their thoughts clearly and clearly in writing, developed Creative skills and general erudition, learned to work in a group on joint projects, developed the skill of oral presentations, presentations, improved knowledge of foreign languages, expanded the possibilities in using basic computer programs acquired practical skills for the job.

Answering the question about what education at the university contributed to the most, 55% of graduates noted the emergence of their confidence in the possibility of self-realization, 48% indicated that thanks to their studies they received a profession that is in demand on the labor market, 46% formed a circle of like-minded people and relatives according to the spirit of people, 27% have a circle of professional contacts, 20% have acquired the necessary connections for employment.

How do graduates find work?

As a rule, HSE students found their first job on their own or on the recommendation of students and teachers: 30% - through specialized websites, 19% sent resumes directly, 14% came from the companies themselves, 12% were recommended by teachers or HSE employees, 11% got a job through students or HSE graduates. Those who found work through relatives or friends were 23%.

It should be noted that in the event of a subsequent change of job, the percentage of those whom representatives of a particular company contacted on their own is much higher - 30%, which indicates an increase in the demand for HSE graduates in the labor market as experience is gained. And the more time passed after graduating from the university, the smaller the proportion of people who got a job on the recommendation of HSE teachers or staff (4%).

How quickly do HSE graduates find a job?

Only 6% of the surveyed graduates were not working at the time of the survey. Taking into account the fact that graduates of the specialty, bachelor's and master's programs participated in the monitoring, it should be noted that many of the respondents do not work precisely because they continue their education at the next levels. However, there were those who simply do not need constant income. In figures, their number is most likely close to the statistical error.

The vast majority of respondents (94%) are employed. At the same time, 48% of respondents started working before receiving a diploma, the rest got a job in the first months after graduation.

First job after university

93% of graduates work for hire in various companies and organizations, 3% are engaged in their own business, another 3% become freelancers, that is, they carry out projects for various customers as "free artists".

AT last years the share of employees among graduates is gradually decreasing. If in 2004-2007 their number was 96-98%, then in 2008 the share decreased to 94%, and in 2009-2010 - to 91%. The turning point was 2008. Until that time, the share of entrepreneurs and freelancers was 1-2% for each category. And among the graduates of 2008-2010, there were already 3-5% of those who started their own business. The number of freelancers over the years has reached 4-6%.

How much do graduates of the Higher School of Economics get paid?

The most interesting here are the starting salaries of 2010 graduates. So, last year's graduates started their careers with a salary of 25,000 rubles after a bachelor's degree to 35,000 rubles after a master's degree. The largest average monthly starting salary for graduates of all levels in 2010 (after taxes) was observed at the Faculty of Business Informatics (38,000 rubles), the smallest - at the Faculty of Sociology (28,000 rubles). It should be noted that the analysis did not include data on faculties where less than 20 respondents indicated their starting salary.

In the future, the salary of former students increases. If we take into account that almost half of the respondents were already working before graduation, then the career start of 2010 graduates took place in the spring-autumn of 2010. The next "measurement" of their salaries falls on the spring of 2011, when monitoring was carried out and when they were asked not only about the starting salary, but also about the current one. So, a year later, the average earnings of 2010 graduates have grown and range from 30,000 to 55,000 rubles. The leader here is the former - the Faculty of Business Informatics with a salary of 55,000 rubles. Graduates of the Faculty of World Politics and World Politics also turned out to be the most highly paid - 45,000 rubles. It is noteworthy that the least paid former students of the department of business and political journalism did not go far from the leaders in terms of wages - 33,000 rubles.

Where do HSE graduates work?

We can say that former HSE students work all over the world. Of course, the vast majority (94%) is employed in the Russian economy. But there are those who work in European countries - Germany, France, Switzerland and others, such 2%. 1% of respondents work in the UK. The share of other countries, such as the USA, China, is less than 0.5%.

The fields of activity of graduates are quite predictable, given the main focus of the university. Most often, monitoring participants noted the following: banks, investments, leasing, finance (11%), IT, Internet, telecom (10%), PR, marketing (9%), trade (9%), education and science (6%) . It should be noted that the humanities faculties - historical, philological - do not yet have graduates. And as soon as they appear, we can expect that the list of areas of activity of HSE graduates will expand.

The distribution of graduates of individual faculties by spheres of employment is quite natural: in the banking sector, graduates of the Faculty of Economics, ICEF and World Economy and World Politics predominate. The majority of those employed in the field information technologies- graduates of business informatics, in marketing, graduates of the Faculty of Sociology and Applied Political Science, as well as the Department of Business and Political Journalism, clearly have a preponderance. Trade seems to be a more diffuse area, however, it can be noted that 16% of graduates of the Faculty of Management are employed in it.

Commentary by Tatyana Dubova, Director of Partner Relations at the Higher School of Economics(The Directorate for Work with Partners maintains the university's relations with other universities, as well as with HSE alumni. - Note ed.)

How do you evaluate the results of the survey?

First of all, I am very glad that a new monitoring study, important for the School, has been given a successful start, receiving feedback from graduates. We all understand that the success of graduates is an objective indicator of the success of the university. If we evaluate the results, then as a psychologist I am more interested not in integral indicators, but in the specific people who stand behind them. The study not only provided us with interesting data, but also raised new questions. For example, why do some of our graduates not immediately find a job? Agree, if a person cannot get a job for several months after graduation, this can be a serious personal problem for him. Of course, the reasons can be very different. More often than we might think, when talking with graduates, we also come across the following wording: “I wasn’t looking for a job, I wanted to take a break from studying.” If a person can afford to meditate for half a year - this kind of pause can be very productive - it remains only to be happy for him.

But the most typical situation faced by graduates is the unwillingness of employers to hire specialists without work experience. This partly explains the rather high percentage of our students who combine study with work. On the one hand, they get a comparative advantage over those who just studied after graduation. The reverse side: such a combination is not good for studies, since the leading activity for the student was no longer study, but work. Since the survey was anonymous, we cannot see correlations with its performance. Or is the reason that the graduate failed to show his competence in the interview situation? Agree, the conclusions that follow from this one figure are completely different.

Or take a job in the specialty. It seems to me that it is not necessary to absolutize the importance of this indicator. A person can work in his specialty all his life and hate it fiercely. In my opinion, it is much more important that a person never stops looking for himself and moving towards an ideal occupation for himself. It is good if he immediately found a place to his liking, but in practice this happens quite rarely, given the perfection of the vocational guidance system that does not exist in the country. This is also confirmed by Grigory Kantorovich based on the results of the current admission of documents to the magistracy - an increase in the number of those who change their direction of study after four years. I think that this is good, we should actively use the range of available opportunities. In the meantime, a typical situation is when an applicant (or rather his parents) chooses a university, and not an educational program.

According to expert estimates, in the next ten years, 80% of existing technologies and equipment will become obsolete, by which time 4 out of every 5 employees will have education received more than 10 years ago. What does this mean? Only one thing: there is no alternative continuing education. Sorry for the truism. That is, learning becomes an obligatory (but not sufficient) condition for success in life. The task of the university is to help graduates quickly fill the identified gap in knowledge or competencies by offering flexible professional “tuning” programs. Therefore, the HSE slogan gets a new sound: With the School for life!

The monitoring showed that graduates are generally satisfied with their education. And how satisfied are employers with their knowledge?

This question is best asked to the director of the HSE Career Development Center, which maintains contacts with a wide range of employers. But, as far as I know, no systematic studies of the opinion of employers about our graduates have yet been conducted. I saw the results of a small study conducted by SFK "Rus" on graduates of sociological faculties, but it was purely pilot in nature. This kind of research is quite complex and time-consuming. Currently, together with the Faculty of Management, we are launching the first study of employers. One of the goals of this study is to obtain international accreditation master's programs Faculty of Management. In the fall, we will be able to compare the opinions of graduates about their education at HSE with the opinions of employers about our Masters in Management. It's very interesting what happens! Then we will be able to conduct such surveys on a regular basis. I am sure that the results will be useful to the university, especially the educational unit for correcting educational programs.

The quality of research started directly depends on the collected contact base of graduates and employers. Believe me, this is a very difficult task. It is enough to imagine how difficult it is to find contacts of those who graduated from HSE many years ago. It is very pleasant that the response to the questionnaire turned out to be higher than we expected - almost 50%. In this regard, I would like to appeal to all alumni with a request to help us update their contact information by registering on the site. Stay in touch - we are interested in you! And we hope that the interest is mutual.

The head of the HSE also answered questions about the employment of HSE graduates.

Olga Aleksandrovna, how easy is it for a HSE graduate to find a job?

In general, it's easy. This situation is due to a combination of several factors. First, of course, the prestige of the university and the high level of education that students receive at the HSE. Employers actively demand such graduates in many areas. In particular, among the active partners of the Career Development Center are more than 700 companies and institutions, including representatives of the financial sector, civil service, consulting, FMCG, oil and gas companies, research companies and others. Moreover, employers are trying to attract HSE students through various recruiting and HR-branding events, and companies are also participating in educational process starting from the third year. The competitive struggle of leading Russian and foreign companies for potential employees is already unfolding during this period. Students are invited to complete an internship, industrial or undergraduate practice apply for a flexible work schedule. So, for example, during 2010-2011 school year About 100 recruiting and career education events were held at the HSE with the participation of 150 companies, and about 40 new employers were added to the list of active partners. Next year, according to our forecasts, the activity of companies will be even more intense.

Secondly, this is due to the active position of the students themselves. HSE students attend career events (Job Fairs, Career Days, master classes, presentations, trainings for employer companies), seek career and career guidance advice, and follow labor market news in their area of ​​interest.

Thirdly, by combining work and study, students undergo internships with potential employers. According to the annual career monitoring of graduate students, which was conducted by the HSE Career Development Center from 2005 to 2010, it is not uncommon for a graduate to have already held a managerial position or had at least 3 years of work experience (in his specialty!) by the time he received his HSE diploma.

Fourthly, the presence at HSE of special services and departments for students and graduates that assist in personal and career development, close interaction between faculties and representatives of companies, active cooperation between the university and business in various fields.

What difficulties do you face when looking for a job?

It is often difficult for a graduate to decide which field to choose, since the education received opens up a wide range of opportunities for him. Some resort to the advice of specialists, others study the market on their own, others (if they didn’t do it during their studies) advance by trying themselves in various areas of the economy.

Also, employers note somewhat inflated career ambitions and salary expectations of graduates (although the economic crisis has corrected this situation, the self-esteem of young specialists in the labor market has become more adequate), unwillingness to “work with their hands”, to rapid, but still gradual growth and advancement .

All this can be overcome and belongs to the category of minuses, easily converted into pluses. Thus, a multifunctional specialist can easily move between areas, mastering new areas, working at the junction of areas, thereby having great innovative potential. Exaggerated ambitions are corrected over time and become “healthy”, turning into an effective “engine” of graduates on the career ladder, they stimulate continuous learning and self-development, which is initially laid down in university students.

Elena Kalinovskaya, HSE Portal News Service

The question "How do graduates get along?" has two aspects: "Where do they settle down?" and “What salary?”. However, after graduating from an educational institution, young people are faced with the reality of the labor market: workers without experience are not needed. And how to get it without getting a job? Often you have to work outside your specialty or start working in senior courses to the detriment of your studies.

Statistics show that the chances of getting a job after graduation increase by a quarter or even by a third if a student starts working before completing their studies. This rule is suitable for cases where the profession according to the diploma is in no way connected with the content of the work. And most of these situations, as well as a large number of modern commercial organizations that do not focus on the profession of a graduate and are ready to get it with any diploma. This applies mainly to those jobs or positions that do not require special knowledge (financial, legal, computer, etc.), where only general education, outlook, the ability to communicate and think are needed. In other words, this refers to the so-called mass vacancies. And only 10-15% of vacancies require special knowledge. On the other hand, almost 80% of graduates are not going to work in their specialty.

There is another class of organizations where added value is created by specialists with specialized diplomas, and where they are the main production force. For example, companies such as IBS, Yandex, Google, Microsoft, 1C, which create programs and computer solutions, hire mathematicians, engineers, technologists, programmers, etc. And organizations like Ernst & Young, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, McKinsey require specialists with financial education, but often they need marketers and even physicists or mathematicians to work as analysts.

One way or another, but the statistics show that in the summer it is more possible to find a job with a graduate or university student than in the fall, and there is a reason for this, since it is commonly believed that many companies in Russia freeze in the summer months, reduce their activity, and therefore and the tasks of filling vacancies are attributed to the fall. But it is in the summer that a graduate has a real chance of getting a job. Why?

Firstly, during the holiday season, offices are empty, and work needs to be done, so vacancies open up. They may be temporary, but you and I know that nothing is more permanent than temporary. It is not uncommon for a successful temporary worker to remain with the organization.

Secondly, new students are accepted into low-paid positions, and this gives a competitive advantage over specialists with diplomas.

Thirdly, by offering themselves in June-July, a student or graduate is ahead of competitors, because most young professionals prefer to take a break in the summer and start looking for a job in the fall.

Traditionally popular in the country is the trinity of professions: economist, lawyer and programmer, they remain in steady demand, despite the saturation of the labor market with them. There is a demand for biologists, biotechnologists, chemists, mathematicians, graduates prestigious universities- Moscow State University, Phystech, MEPhI, Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics of Moscow State University. Graduates are invited to banks, as well as to law enforcement agencies - the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, FAPSI, the FSB, etc.

Livestock specialists, veterinarians, agronomists are very welcome in the regions of Russia. Meat production, greenhouses, fur farms and fish farms are developing there. Despite low, by Moscow standards, salaries, graduates make good money according to local standards. In addition, they can get a lift as well as accommodation.

The least demand for historians, geographers, culturologists. They are in demand in art galleries, museums, in specialized publications. It is known that the salaries in them are very low, and they work here, as they say, because of the love of art: true lovers of culture.

Of course, Gazprom is considered the best employer. Graduates of Moscow State Law Academy, Moscow State Technical University, Russian Economic University (“Pleshka”) most often get there.

This is followed by "computer" and IT companies: Apple, Google, Microsoft, Yandex. There, even economists from prestigious universities, such as the NES, the Financial Academy, the Higher School of Economics, are not in demand as programmers, mathematicians or engineers from MEPhI, MIPT, Moscow State University, MSTU.

Consulting and service companies Ernst & Young, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, McKinsey, KPMG often attract graduates from financial universities, as well as from faculties where foreign languages ​​are taught.

For more information about which university graduates are in demand on the labor market and what salaries they are paid, see the table proposed by the Kommersant publishing house (see Appendix).

What conclusions can be drawn from this? To get a “dream job”, you need to choose a “dream university” and start working in a “dream company” while still studying. If a student is one of the eighty percent of those who are not looking for a job in their specialty, then things are easier for him, although here you need to try: do not neglect the job search in the summer immediately after graduation. If you set a goal to work in an international company, then you need to attach yourself to studying foreign languages ​​or choose the appropriate university.

In short, you need to start planning your career today: in order to get the right job, you need to get the right education This means that you need to prepare for admission to the desired university. Do you know what USE scores are needed for this?

Appendix

m88.9m"Moscow State University of Civil Engineering"

	Percentage of graduates employed in the first year	Average salary (thousand rubles)
Economics and Management
"Moscow Higher School of Social and Economic Sciences"
Russian School of Economics (Institute)
"Institute of Oriental Countries"
"Russian Institute of Management named after V.P. Chernov"
Jurisprudence
"Academic Law Institute"
"Institute of World Civilizations"
Moscow state institute international relations(University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation"
"Russian Academy National economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation"
"All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade of the Ministry economic development Russian Federation"
"National research university « graduate School economy"
Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov»
"Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation"
"Moscow State Law University named after O. E. Kutafin (MSLA)"
Mathematics and Mechanics
"Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation"
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
Computer and Information Sciences
National Research University Higher School of Economics
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"Moscow State Industrial University"
"Moscow Financial and Industrial University "Synergy""
Physics and Astronomy
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI"
Chemistry
"Peoples' Friendship University of Russia"
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"Moscow City Pedagogical University"
Architecture
"Restoration Art Institute"
"Moscow State Academy of Choreography"
"Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy)"
National Research University Higher School of Economics
"State University for Land Management"
Informatics and Computer Engineering
Moscow Technical University communications and informatics	88,9
"Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin"
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation"
Information Security
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation" (MGTU GA)
"Moscow Finance and Law University MFLA"
"Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation"
Electric and thermal power engineering
"Economic and Energy Institute"
"Moscow Institute of Energy Security and Energy Saving"
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev"
"Peoples' Friendship University of Russia"
Nuclear Power and Technology
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI""
"Moscow Automobile and Highway State Technical University (MADI)"
Applied Geology, Mining, Oil and Gas Engineering and Geodesy
"Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin"
"Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics"
"Russian State Geological Prospecting University named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze"
"Moscow State Engineering University (MAMI)"
Technique and technology of land transport
"National Research University "MIET""
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"Moscow State University of Communications"
"Peoples' Friendship University of Russia"
"Moscow State Construction University"
Aviation and rocket and space technology
Moscow aviation institute(National Research University)"
"Moscow State Technical University named after N. E. Bauman"
"MATI - Russian State University of Technology named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky
Clinical medicine
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
"Russian National Research medical University named after N. I. Pirogov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Pharmacy
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"Peoples' Friendship University of Russia"
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Psychological sciences
"Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis"
"Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation"
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"
"National Research University "Higher School of Economics""
"Higher School of Psychology (Institute)"
Education and Pedagogical Sciences
"Orthodox St. Tikhon Humanitarian University"
"Moscow Institute of Open Education"
"Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov"

Finding your calling is an integral part of life. With the existing variety of professions, each of us faces the problem of choice. After all, I want all the “puzzles” to come together - and the work was to my liking, and there were certain abilities for it, and that it would bring real income.

Today, the labor market shows that the most demanded is the profession of a manager. The relevance of this kind of activity lies in its versatility. Graduates of the specialty "Management" receive a set of fundamental knowledge, skills and practical skills in different areas, in particular in economics, marketing, advertising, etc. Moreover, any campaign focused on active business development needs an intelligent manager. The moral follows from this: there will always be a demand for effective managers.

Despite the fact that all professions are needed, all professions are important, today we will talk about the specialty "Management". What to work as a manager? You will find the answer on this page!

New generation manager Who is he?

The challenges of the new millennium, caused by globalization and integration, make new demands on the manager as a specialist and person, in particular, on his way of thinking, skills and professional qualities.

The 21st century manager must combine several roles:

1. Manager - develops the strategy of the enterprise, delegates authority, sets specific tasks for employees and involves them in joint decision-making.
2. Leader - leads, inspires, gives confidence, charges the team with optimism and enthusiasm.
3. Coach - arouses interest, encourages the generation of new ideas, helps to unlock potential, promotes personal growth colleagues.
4. Diplomat - establishes business contacts, concludes deals, plays the role of mediator and intermediary.
5. The innovator is fluent in IT technologies and is able to introduce them into production.
6. Entrepreneur - looking for opportunities to increase the company's profits and is not afraid of reasonable risk.
7. Personality - educated, has a broad outlook, possessing organizational skills and moral qualities.

Having considered the modern features of a manager, one can come to the conclusion that now society needs competent and creative managers-leaders who are able to work productively in a dynamic business environment.

Management: who to work with the appropriate diploma?

In the process of formation and development, management was divided into functional activities. They are united by common tasks, the implementation of which is necessary to achieve the goals of the organization.

We will analyze the main areas of management and, concurrently, the positions that a specialist manager can occupy.

So, management, who to work with?

1. In the field of marketing.

The duties of a marketer include market research, modernization of the old and development of a new product / service, pricing policy, product promotion.

For example, a vacancy for a BTL manager for those who wish to organize promotions at points of sale to promote a brand.

The brand manager is responsible for promoting, positioning and recognizing one or a number of brands using available methods. To do this, you need to have broad knowledge and a creative streak.

The profession of a sales manager is widely used in the wholesale trade. The main task of the specialist is to fulfill the sales plan. A very popular occupation today, since not only the organization of the sale of a particular product depends on the quality work of a manager, but also the expansion of the client base and maintaining relationships with current partners.

1. Internet management.

Social Media Marketing is a product promotion specialist using social networks(VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Google, Yandex, etc.).

In addition, the SMM manager establishes communications with Internet users, analyzes competitors, and manages projects.

It should be noted that the profession involves career growth. Having started working as a group administrator on a certain platform, having gained experience, you can open your own SMM agency.

The position of an Internet project manager will be of interest to everyone who is on “you” with modern Internet technologies. The profession is considered very promising, and also provides unlimited opportunities for the implementation of creative ideas. Responsibilities are to create, administer, develop and promote websites.

An anti-crisis manager, who is also an economist-manager, analyzes business processes, on the basis of which he forms a set of measures aimed at restoring the organization in a crisis with minimal losses.

The arbitration manager is also involved in anti-crisis management. But it is appointed by the arbitration court, and depending on the case of bankruptcy, helps the borrower to repay the debt to the creditor.

1. Motivational management.

The business coach is responsible for the training and development of the company's staff. With the help of special techniques, it helps to reveal the potential of employees, which has a positive effect on a particular organization.

1. Real estate management.

The profession of a development manager in the post-Soviet space is more familiar to us as a developer. The activity of such a business development manager is aimed at making a profit from the creation and sale of real estate.

The position of an event manager is suitable for those who know how to organize events. All sorts of events for customers, partners and employees are held to promote a product or maintain a corporate culture.

1. Innovation management.

The profession of an innovation manager is very relevant, since the introduction innovative technologies into production is reflected in the profitability of the product.

The manager solves problems of various kinds, from market research for the need for a new service, technology or product to the conclusion of contracts with suppliers.

1. Personnel management.

An HR manager is better known as an HR manager. Such a specialist performs the tasks of recruiting, the actual selection of personnel; maintains personnel documentation and draws up training plans for employees of the organization.

A head hunter performs a qualitative search for successful specialists. It can also be the luring of a specific leader or top manager to another company. This position is one of the highest paid.

1. International Management.

A person who wants to work as an international manager should know foreign language and the legislation of the country in which it intends to develop the market. And, of course, to understand the cultural characteristics and mentality of foreign partners. The success of the activity will directly depend on the level of intelligence and erudition.

1. Quality management.

The quality manager is responsible for introducing new working methods that will improve the quality of management, which in turn is important to help improve product quality.

1. Management of the tourism industry and hotel and restaurant business.

In the entertainment industry, such professions as a tourism manager and hotel business. The terms of reference depend on where the manager works.

Often, the job responsibilities of a tourism manager are set in accordance with the direction of activity and specialization: someone is responsible for booking tickets, someone works with clients, someone issues a visa, etc. Although there are generalists who can organize a trip for a client from A to Z.

The manager of a restaurant or hotel is responsible for the coherence and quality of the work of the entire team. Its functions are to distribute tasks among colleagues, control over their execution, coordinate the activities of related services. You can learn the features of the work of a manager in the tourism and hospitality industry in the process of practice.

1. Financial management.

A financial manager is a person who manages the financial resources of a company to increase profits. Many enterprises need competent managers, so it will not be difficult to find a job in the specialty.

1. Transport management.

The profession of a transport logistician is to ensure the rational movement of goods. The logistician chooses which mode of transport will be used to move the cargo, along which route. The specialist must have analytical warehouse mind, as required by the specifics of the profession.

This year, about 500,000 state employees graduated from universities. Not all graduates had work experience by the time they graduated from the university. Where is it easiest to get a job if, apart from educational practice behind shoulders is not a day of work experience?

In the first year after graduation, 75 percent of graduates find work. According to the Superjob portal, the easiest way to get a job is for graduates without experience in the banking sector, IT companies and large businesses. 60 percent of employers are ready to hire a newcomer with a diploma (before the crisis, there were 72 percent of such employers).

What is offered to specialists with a diploma, but without work experience? The breakdown is as follows: 13 percent of employers are in sales, purchasing or customer service positions, 11 percent are engineering specialties, and 10 percent are blue-collar jobs. Approximately the same number are ready to hire a university graduate to work as an administrator or office manager.

But programmers, oddly enough, are waiting for only 4 percent of employers. In addition, secretaries, dispatchers, salesmen and accountants, and lawyers are still needed. If last year 50 percent of employers said they were satisfied with the quality of training of young specialists, this year only 47 percent of them. Here are the main claims: "average theoretical training", "high level of ambition", "overwhelming self-conceit". The easiest way to find a job is for those graduates who, as a student, underwent an internship. One way or another, about 80 percent of employers are considering options for working with an intern. And only 22 percent rarely invite interns to work or do it very selectively.

Five years ago, only 17 percent of graduates of pedagogical universities were looking for a job in the field of education, now there are one and a half times more of them. Much less often would-be teachers now want to go to administrative work, personnel departments, marketing and advertising.

Main claims to graduates: average theoretical background, high ambitions

Teachers would like to receive from 40 thousand rubles a month (Moscow). In fact, in Moscow schools you can earn much more. School websites show the average salaries of teachers (excluding administration income), in some - 73,000, 79,000, 78,000, 77,000 rubles ... In Novosibirsk, graduates of teacher training universities expect 23-25 ​​thousand rubles, in Saratov - 15 thousand. By the way, one of the Saratov Internet portals asked its readers to anonymously answer the question about income. Here's what happened: the author of student papers can earn up to 45 thousand rubles a month, a professor at a university - 37 thousand.

But most of all now lucky graduates of agricultural universities. In the last five years, the demand for them has been constantly growing.

We need agronomists, livestock specialists, veterinarians, technologists in the processing industry, - said Olga Loretts, Vice-Rector of the Ural State Agrarian University. - Employers are ready to hire both experienced specialists and graduates without work experience. Large enterprises offer good salaries - 25-30 thousand rubles a month. Many of our graduates open farms themselves.

There is a demand for economists and accountants who know not only macroeconomics, but also everything about milk yields and yields. Unfortunately, in recent times economic faculties in many industry universities were closed as non-core ones. Recently, the university monitored employment, and it turned out that 90 percent of graduates who did not go to the village immediately after graduation, nevertheless return two years later and work in their specialty.

There is a great need for doctors today. But not all. Most of the vacancies in the labor market are for dentists, ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, gynecologists. In the first place among graduates of medical universities - pharmacists. Unfortunately, they are not invited by pharmaceutical companies, but by pharmacy chains and supermarkets that open drug kiosks in trading floors.

Dossier "RG"

The most popular universities among employers

Agricultural: Stavropol State Agrarian University, Kuban State Agrarian University, Voronezh State Forest Engineering University, Ural State Agrarian University, Don State Agrarian University, Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. Stolypin, Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University.

Medical: Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Kazan State Medical University, Siberian State Medical University, Russian National Research Medical University. Pirogov, First St. Petersburg State University. Pavlova, Northern State Medical University, Irkutsk State Medical University.

Engineering: MEPhI, ITMO University, St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, MISiS, Moscow State Technical University. Bauman, Perm National Research Polytechnic University.

Over the past twenty years, the profession of a lawyer has become one of the most popular. Future students are attracted by the seeming ease of mastering the humanities, the expectation of quick and easy money, the prestige of the specialty.

However, at the beginning labor activity You should not expect high incomes, as in any field. At the dawn of a career, a lawyer, notary, representative needs to attract clients, gain experience, consolidate knowledge in practice. The legal adviser of the company - to delve into the specifics of the activity, document flow.

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Having received a long-awaited diploma, graduates are forced to solve new tasks:

• where to go to work?
• Where can you apply your knowledge?
• what can a lawyer do?

The concept of a profession

Of course, there is no legal, that is, enshrined in law, definition. There are various explanations for explanatory dictionaries. For example, the Modern Economic Dictionary, edited by Raizberg B.A., Lozovsky L.Sh., Starodubtsev E.B. (6th ed., revised and supplemented - M. INFRA-M, 2011) gives the following definition: A lawyer is a person with a legal education; practicing jurist.

Synonyms: jurist, civil lawyer, lawyer.

Lawyer:

• works with documents: composes, analyzes, formulates a response;
• cooperates with various authorities;
• advises citizens, colleagues, companies;
• continuously monitors regulations;
• forms a legal position;
• acts in court in defense of the client, the employer.

The specifics of the profession

One of the main features is frequently changing legislation, so students are taught not to memorize the norm, but to know and be able to apply the principles and form a system of legal norms.

In addition, a distinctive feature of the profession can be called the fact that any lawyer almost always has to “fight” with the counterparty under the contract, with the opposite side in court, and sometimes with the judge using exclusively legal means.

Also, a competent lawyer knows the norm of the law, its correct application and interpretation, but in order to protect the interests of the manager or client, he is forced to deliberately distort the meaning of the norm when using it.

All activity is connected with the search for the necessary norm and its correct application, which does not allow freedom of creativity, on certain stage Legal activity can seem like a continuous routine.

Required Qualities

Different areas require different qualities:

• it is important for a specialist in a law firm to be able to attract clients;
• employee - compliance with labor discipline;
• legal adviser - the priority of the company's interests over the principles of morality;
• representative in court - oratory;
• lawyer - ingenuity.

A jurist, like representatives of other professions, needs constant development, however, outdated knowledge of a lawyer leads to the loss of a court case, the loss of fees, and, consequently, income.

You can also name such qualities as:

• stress tolerance;
• responsibility;
• flexibility.

Lawyer: work and career

as the only legal education is not enough. According to some scientists, jurisprudence is not a science, but a craft. The lawyer of a company (not a legal one) works with documents of a specific sector of the economy: catering, textile production, that is, it serves the industry.

Companies providing legal services in their purest form, as a rule, are not large, and they are gradually becoming multifunctional, that is, in addition to legal services, they also offer real estate, accounting, auditing, collection, and land management services.

Career growth is possible in large companies or public service. In small companies "1 director, 1 lawyer" there is objectively no opportunity for career growth.

In terms of professional growth, there are always no restrictions, there is always room for growth, as in any profession, there are many areas, there are more than ten industries in some areas:

• civil;
• criminal;
• family;
• land;
• housing;
• intellectual;
• administrative;
• hereditary;
• ecological;
• tax;
• financial, etc.

The profession of a lawyer has its advantages and disadvantages in terms of combining with the family, raising children:

Where required

Despite the abundance of lawyers in the labor market, in some areas there is an acute shortage of personnel in this specialty. They are required:

• for the initial acceptance of documents in multifunctional centers for the provision of public services;
• in state and municipal service;
• in management companies;
• in remote areas and small towns.

In these areas, the salary is not the highest, but there is an opportunity to gain invaluable experience, skills, and get acquainted with representatives of the legal community.

The specifics of service in government bodies are as follows:

• hard working day from 9:00 to 18:00;
• strict hierarchy of positions;
• monotonous nature (one employee - one function, but on a large scale);
• redirection of tasks (one document is considered by 5 people before it reaches the final executor).

What else can a lawyer do?

A law graduate can become:

• a lawyer;
• a notary;
• judge
• prosecutor;
• deputy;
• representative;
• legal adviser in the company;
• state or municipal employees:
  • in the tax;
  • the migration service;
  • customs service;
  • local governments;
  • registry office;
  • pension fund;
  • Rosreestre, etc.
• teacher of any legal discipline (in some educational institutions teachers are required to have a scientific degree not lower than the candidate).

In order to become a lawyer, notary or judge, it is necessary, in addition to obtaining an education, to pass a qualifying exam. But in order to become a judge or a notary, even a positive result in the exam does not guarantee the occupation of the relevant position: the number of judges in the court and notaries in the notary district is limited.

Certified specialists also work in related specialties, for example, having mastered 1C, a lawyer by education can work as an accountant.

Who is better - a lawyer or a lawyer

In order to obtain the status of a lawyer, it is necessary to have a higher legal education, that is, any lawyer by education is a lawyer.

In order to carry out legal activities, it is not necessary to obtain the status of a lawyer. This status is necessary only to protect the interests of the client in criminal cases. A non-lawyer cannot participate in criminal proceedings.

Lawyer is just one option. professional activity lawyer.

Being a lawyer is neither good nor bad, the profession has its pros and cons.

Adviсe:

• it is better to get a legal education second;
• legal education fits well with economic education;
• in specialized legal academies there are faculties that train future lawyers, prosecutors, judges;
• at first, the salary will not live up to expectations, since any profession requires skill, experience;
• when teaching, tune in not to memorizing the norms by heart, but to understanding the content of the principles of law, building a system of norms;
• in professional activities, continuously monitor changes in legislation;
• abstract from customer problems;
• if possible, do not take work home, as household chores are distracting in one way or another, and as a result, the task will not be done with sufficient quality, and the housework will not end;
• engage in any kind of creativity, since working with regulations does not leave room for fantasies.