In the course of numerous scientific experiments, it has been proven that the change of night and day is closely related to the modes of wakefulness and rest. Nature itself provides for certain biological rhythms of the body, which a person cannot independently change without harming health and life. Natural changes in the day are the basis magnetic field the whole earth.

Biological rhythms - meaning for life

The daily rhythm, consisting of 24 hours, suggests that during the day people should be awake, and at night they should sleep and restore their strength and energy supply. Even at the dawn of epochs, a person took refuge in his dwelling at night, which carried danger and risk to life. When the sun went down, he began to do household chores, getting ready for bed. With the advent of electricity, we have changed our attitude, because now it has become possible to prolong activity and go to bed later than usual. biological rhythms and performance are closely related, and therefore often the decision to do important things at night is ineffective. Nature cannot be deceived, and a person is only able to work actively during the day.

Most of the physiological functions of our body have their own biological rhythms. That is why the production of urine and blood is characterized by the highest rates during the day and the lowest at night. Human biological rhythms, being in an unfavorable position from midnight to 6 o'clock in the morning, determine the fact that the vast majority of deaths occur at this time.

circadian rhythm of organs

Human biological rhythms are changes in the level of activity of vital processes that repeat with a certain frequency. The wise Chinese have long believed that the vital energy qi at different times flows through various parts of our body, and therefore saw considerable benefit in influencing the body at a certain time (strictly designated rhythm). To stimulate this or that organ, they applied the impact in the active phase, to reduce the qi energy in the organ, they used procedures during the rest period. The biological rhythms of the body serve as a kind of clock that indicates daily fluctuations in the rise and fall of energy. Such observations have proved to be extremely useful in medicine, as they help to determine when, at the same time, one or another organ is working more efficiently, and when it enters the stage of relaxation (rest and recovery). As Stanislavsky said, the nature of biological rhythms is the whole basis of human life.

Rhythms of the stomach, pancreas and spleen

Having completed its main work, the intestines remain in a calm state, but the stomach always requires additional energy, as it works at its highest speed in the morning. That's why it's so good to have a full breakfast. You can eat in the morning any, even the most high-calorie food, it will not harm the most slender figure. At the same time, it is important to provide yourself with a calm environment, to be able to relax.

From 9 to 11 o'clock our pancreas and spleen are actively working, and the stomach is already resting. That is why, after 9 am, too much breakfast will definitely cause weight and drowsiness. Everyone knows that the pancreas is designed to control sugar in human blood. Deciding to eat something sweet during this period, we start this body, which seeks to reduce blood sugar levels. This explains the fact that sweet only satisfies hunger a little, but not for long, and along with insatiability, a breakdown and fatigue come to us. It is worth noting that drinking sweet coffee in order to "snack" and gain strength is a vicious circle.

During these hours, a person is most sensitive to condemnation, irony and indifference. Our spleen in the period from 9 to 11 actively produces blood balls, which in many ways help the renewal and self-healing of the body, and therefore the active fight against infection and viruses goes on until noon. Biological rhythms in this case help to improve health.

Rhythms of the bladder and kidneys

Designed to cleanse the entire body, the bladder is actively working from 15 to 17 hours of the day. In case of some problems with this organ, it is recommended to carry out treatment until 19 pm, since it is during this period that the active periods of the bladder and kidneys change.

The kidneys function best from 5 to 7 pm. It is very useful to carry out reflexology massages at this time for their cleansing and unloading. You need to drink less in the evening, milk and cocoa will be especially harmful - our kidneys cannot cope with the processing of these products before bedtime. It has been scientifically proven that the harm from ordinary warm milk before bed is much more than the real benefit. After all, milk is food, not a drink at all, and therefore can provoke bad sleep and unpleasant dreams.

Rhythms of the heart, circulation and accumulation of total energy

Between 11 and 13 you should not overeat, as this is harmful to the heart, which works most actively during this period. In this phase, it is important not to overload the body with overeating - it is enough just to dull the feeling of hunger a little, while full saturation occurs in about 5 minutes. after eating. The most intense work is recommended to be postponed to a later time.

Children who were put to bed between 19 and 21 pm fall asleep well without problems. After 21:00, parents can argue with the kids for hours, trying to send them to bed. Children can be understood - after all, during this period they think about everything, but not about sleep. This is explained by the biological rhythms laid down by nature, since active blood circulation occurs precisely in the period from 7 to 9 pm. In addition, at this time, children lend themselves well to learning, they are drawn to new knowledge. The human brain in this phase works perfectly.

Between 21 and 23 hours the energy of the human body is accumulated. The lack of balance in the spiritual and physical plane can be expressed in the fact that we are cold and uncomfortable in a cool room, when a person feels uncomfortable and cannot fall asleep. At this time, our energy is activated.

Rhythms of the gallbladder, liver

The optimal time for rest and cleansing of the liver and gallbladder is at night (approximately from 23 to 01). An involuntary rise during these hours indicates problems with these organs. Fatty foods should not be consumed in the evening, but it is better to refuse dinner altogether. The liver and bile can function optimally in the absence of a load from the stomach. Night shift work is just poison for people with diseases of these organs, because they cannot relax and recover.

The process of cleansing the liver is possible only during the rest at night, somewhere between one and 3 am. No wonder there is even a system for treating diseases of this organ with the help of sleep. Overloading it during this period is extremely dangerous, as well as overheating during a night's rest. Drinking alcohol and smoking at night are especially harmful.

Rhythms of the lungs, large and small intestines

The most active period of work of human lungs falls on 3-5 o'clock in the morning. It is this fact that explains that smokers begin to cough in the morning, thereby clearing themselves of poisonous sputum. Regularly waking up at one time or another at night (in the morning), you can draw conclusions about problems in your body.

The food consumed by a person is in the small intestine for about 2 hours, and in the large intestine - as much as 20. So, loose stools indicate problems in the first organ, and constipation indicates an insufficiently active work of the second. The best period for colon cleansing is 5-7 am. To stimulate the process of defecation, you can use simple tricks: 1 glass of warm water or a small amount of dried fruits.

At about 1 pm, many of us notice that sudden fatigue and quite natural laziness rolls in - this is the result of a weakening of blood circulation and the activity of our heart. During this period, the small intestine receives most of the load, actively digesting food. Our autonomic nervous system at this moment controls the process of digestion, absolutely not controlled by consciousness. That is why it is so useful at this time to take a midday rest and limit stress in order to prevent blockage of proper bowel activity.

Biological rhythms and performance

Having an idea about the correct operation of a particular organ and the features that we examined above, a person can clearly recognize, based on his personal feelings, the inconsistency of generally accepted norms of reality. Thus, a kind of “internal clock” explains biological rhythms and their effect on the body. At the same time, the way of life that traditionally seems useful and normal to us does not always correspond to the norm. Diurnal biological rhythms explain our slightly strange behavior during the day. That is why now we know for sure that the feeling of fatigue that occurs at 13-15 in the afternoon is natural. physical phenomenon our body. So do not be tormented, considering yourself a notorious lazy person.

An example practical application knowledge about biological rhythms are scientific research conducted among the workers of one factory. After the night shift, in the early morning, the doctors took blood from the employees. Despite the fact that all these people were absolutely healthy, the results of the study showed a significant violation of the norm in terms of indicators. The influence of biological rhythms on performance explains the fact that it is in connection with the load on the night shift that they are violated and lead to a deterioration in the general condition of the body. When a similar analysis was carried out for the same employees who worked several shifts during the daytime, when people got enough sleep at night and started to work rested, the indicators were quite consistent with the standards. Thus, it has been scientifically proven that the most effective work is achieved during the periods from 8 to 10 am and from 16 to 21 pm. A decrease in activity and, accordingly, productivity is observed from 13 to 15 hours of the day. Working at night is extremely harmful to a person, besides, after 10 pm, the dedication of any worker decreases sharply, reaching its minimum between 2 am and 3 am. Such statements apply to about 60% of the people who took part in the experiment.

The Importance of Sleep and Rest

It is impossible not to take into account that there are such individuals who are activated only in the evening, fruitfully work until late at night, and then sleep until late. Or, on the contrary, “early birds” who go to bed early and work as actively as possible in the morning. Each of these groups of people is characterized by an evening or morning type of daily activity. Such features occur in 20% of the total population. Occupational medicine actively uses this knowledge by conducting special tests among potential employees before being hired on a night or day shift.

In the field of parascience (theoretical research that does not have scientific evidence), quite often, when considering the biological rhythm of a person, it is taken into account that it is divided into certain types:

Physical - recurring every 23 days.

Emotional - after 28 days.

Intellectual - with an interval of 33 days.

In each of these rhythmotypes, positive and negative phases occur. So, if the negative periods of all three coincide at the same time, we are talking about the so-called critical days.

In an attempt to change circadian rhythms to the detriment of their structure and duration, many scientific experiments were carried out. The main result of such experiments was the allocation of the concept of "fractional day". For example, we are talking about a quiet hour in hospitals, sanatoriums, kindergartens and rest homes. In hot countries, the population also often tries to split the day, adding up their periods of active pastime and rest, sleep from several parts: work at the coolest time (early morning and evening), and sleep in the heat. A striking example such an adaptation is the daily siesta in a number of countries of the world.

Fractional days have been developed over the centuries, and therefore they are as comfortable as possible for a person in certain living conditions, in contrast to the so-called experimental ones. Unlike the above everyday days, the latter are created in order to study how the body can adapt to changes in the daily regime and how quickly this can happen. The shift in the phase of sleep and wakefulness in the course of the experiments occurs more easily when this method is applied smoothly, with minor changes. But in any case, the coherence of natural processes in the body is disturbed, and therefore a person in any case feels uncomfortable. The reasons for biological rhythms are laid down by nature itself, and we cannot change them artificially, without harm to our own health and general well-being.

In the course of experiments on the restructuring of the body for a 48-hour day, a natural opposition was revealed: low performance, fatigue, external manifestations of fatigue on the face. Thus, without harm to one's health, a person is not able to adjust to a different rhythm of the day, different from the natural one, when the day can be spent actively, and at night you can rest, spending at least 8 hours in sleep. Biological rhythms and sleep are closely related.

Conclusion

Without proper sleep, we feel bad, we get tired quickly. Fatigue accumulated over several days or weeks can cause a slowdown in all rhythms of life. Biological rhythms and human performance are closely interconnected. No matter how hard scientists tried to artificially change the natural daily routine, they did not succeed. Daily biological rhythms have always returned, thanks to invisible hereditary genetics, to their normal regime, laid down by nature. A vivid example of such a statement is the scientific experiments of Colin Pittendrai, when, when fruit flies were placed in living conditions different from their natural habitat, they began to die faster. This once again proves that biological rhythms play a leading role in maintaining a full existence.

Under the biological rhythms of health is understood the cyclicity of the processes occurring in the body. External factors influence the internal rhythms of a person:

• natural (radiation of the Moon, the Earth and the Sun);
• social (changes at the enterprise).

The study of biorhythms is carried out by biorhythmologists or chronobiologists. They believe that biorhythms are periodic processes that occur in living matter. These processes can cover completely different time periods: from a couple of seconds to tens of years. Changes in biological rhythms can be caused by various processes. They can be both external (ebb and flow) and internal (work of the heart).

Classification of biorhythms

The main criterion for separating rhythms into groups is their duration. Chronibiologists will distinguish three types of human biological rhythms. The longest are called low-frequency. The amplitude of such fluctuations in the work of the body is determined by lunar, seasonal, monthly or weekly intervals. As examples of processes that obey low-frequency rhythms, one can single out the work of the endocrine and reproductive systems.

The second group includes mid-frequency rhythms. They are limited to a time period from 30 minutes to 6 days. According to the laws of such fluctuations, the metabolic process and the process of cell division in the body work. The periods of sleep and wakefulness are also subject to these biorhythms.

Rhythms with a high frequency last less than 30 minutes. They are determined by the work of the intestines, heart muscle, lungs and the rate of biochemical reactions.

In addition to the types mentioned above, there are also fixed biorhythms. They are understood as rhythms, the duration of which is always equal to 90 minutes. These are, for example, emotional fluctuations, a change in sleep phases, periods of concentration and heightened attention.

Of particular interest is the fact that biological cycles can be inherited and are genetically determined. The environment also affects them.

Types of biological rhythms

From birth, the human body is subject to the influence of three rhythms:

• intellectual,
• emotional
• physical.

The intellectual biological rhythm of a person determines his mental capacity. In addition, he is responsible for the caution and rationality of actions in behavior. The influence of this biorhythm can be felt most strongly by representatives of intellectual professions: teachers, scientists, professors and financiers. The ability to concentrate and perceive information depends on intellectual biocycles.

The emotional biorhythm is responsible for the mood of a person. It affects perception and sensitivity, and can also transform the spectrum of human sensations. It is because of this rhythm that people tend to change their mood during the day. He is responsible for creativity, intuition and the ability to empathize. Women and artistic people are more affected by this cycle. Emotional condition, caused by fluctuations of this rhythm, affects family relationships, love, sex.

The physical biorhythm is directly related to the work of the human body. It determines internal energy, endurance, speed of reaction and metabolism. Reaching its peak, this biological rhythm increases the body's ability to recover. This is of particular importance for athletes and people whose activities are related to physical activity.

Change of biorhythms during the day

The most noticeable changes in biological rhythms are observed during a full day. They determine favorable hours for work, sleep, rest, learning new information, eating and playing sports. So, for example, the period from 7 to 8 in the morning is the most successful for breakfast, and the time from 16 to 18 is the most suitable for intellectual work.

Daily human biorhythms easily and quickly adjust to time zones. The process of the human body is like an internal clock. And, as in the case of the transition to winter time, when changing the belt, the body itself “transfers arrows” in the direction it needs.

Indicators of biological rhythms may fluctuate somewhat in favor of individual features human body. In addition, there are several chronotypes that have excellent daily biorhythms.

Human chronotypes

According to the nature of daily activity, three types of people are distinguished:

• owls,
• larks,
• pigeons.

It is noteworthy that only a small percentage of people are completely chronotypical. The vast majority are transitional forms between "owls" and "doves" and "doves" and "larks".

"Owl people" usually go to bed after midnight, get up late and are most active in the evening and at night. The behavior of "larks" is the opposite: they get up early, go to bed earlier and are more active at the beginning of the day.

With "pigeons" everything is more interesting. They get up later than the "larks", but they also go to bed closer to midnight. Their activity during the day is more evenly distributed. It is generally accepted that "pigeons" are only an adapted form. That is, people who live with such a biological rhythm simply adjust to the schedule of work or study, while the other two chronotypes have their own characteristics from birth.

A sharp change in the daily routine can cause a deterioration in well-being, uncontrolled mood swings. It will be extremely difficult to deal with such a condition, and it is difficult to restore the normal rhythm of the functioning of the body. Therefore, a clear daily routine is not a luxury, but a way to always be in a good mood.

Biological rhythms of human internal organs

Of particular importance for a person and his health are not only the biological rhythms of the body, but also of individual parts. Each organ is an independent unit and works in its own rhythm, which also changes throughout the day.

The time from 1 am to 3 am is considered the period of the liver. From 7 to 9 in the morning, the stomach works best. That is why tomorrow is called the most important meal of the day. From 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. the most favorable time for the heart muscle, therefore, trainings carried out at this time give greater results. From 15:00 to 17:00, the bladder works most actively. Some people note that they experience stronger and more frequent urination during this period of time. Kidney time starts at 5 pm and ends at 7 pm.

You can bring down the work of your internal organs by malnutrition, non-compliance with sleep patterns, excessive physical and psychological stress.

Methods for calculating biorhythms

If a person knows how his body works, he can plan his work, study and other activities more efficiently. Determining the biorhythms of health is quite simple. The result will be true for all chronobiological types.

To calculate the exact biological cycles of the body, you need to multiply the number of days in a year by age, with the exception of leap years. Then quantity leap years multiply by 366 days. The two resulting scores are added together. After that, you need to divide the resulting number by 23, 28 or 33, depending on which rhythm you want to calculate.

As you know, each fluctuation of the biological rhythm goes through three stages: a low energy phase, a high energy phase and critical days. If you need to know the physical condition, then it is determined by a 23-day cycle. The first 11 days will be days of well-being, greater resistance to stress, sex drive. From 12 to 23 days, fatigue, weakness, poor sleep appear. During this period, you need to rest more. Days numbered 11, 12 and 23 can be considered critical.

A cycle of 28 days determines emotional indicators. In the first 14 days the energy will be high. This is an auspicious time for friendship, love and relationships. A person will be overwhelmed with emotions, all creative abilities will become aggravated. The period from 14 to 28 will be a time of decline in emotional strength, passivity, reduced performance. There are only two critical days in the cycle: 14 and 28. They are characterized by the occurrence of conflicts and a decrease in immunity.

The intellectual cycle lasts 33 days. In the first 16 days, there is the ability to think clearly and clearly, increased concentration, good memory and general mental activity. In the remaining days of the cycle, the reactions are slow, there is a creative decline and a decrease in interest in everything. On the three critical days of the cycle (16, 17, 33) it becomes extremely difficult to concentrate, there are errors in work, distraction, age, the risk of accidents and other incidents due to inattention.

For a faster calculation, you can use the human biorhythm calculator. You can find many different resources on the Internet, where, in addition to the calculation applications themselves, you can read reviews real people about them.

Knowledge of the biological rhythms of the body can help a person achieve his goals, harmonize interpersonal relationships and life in general. It will also have a positive effect on the physiology and emotional state.

Over the past year, several companies have launched unusual inventions on the market. In the spring, the Finnish Valkee presented headphones that do not play music, but are equipped with LEDs to shine in the ears. In the fall, Australian scientists from Flinders University announced the completion of tests and the sale of glasses that do not improve vision and do not protect from the sun, but, on the contrary, shine in the eyes. With the help of these devices, developers propose to fight against jetlag. Jetlag (from the English jet - plane, lag - slowdown, lag) - a syndrome of changing the time zone, a mismatch between the body's internal (circadian) rhythms and the daily rhythm. The term was coined by American journalist and traveler Horace Sutton. “If you dream of becoming a successful person, traveling the world and one day stopping by in Kathmandu for a cup of coffee with King Mahendra, be prepared to face jetlag - a weakness that is not associated with a hangover. Planes fly so fast that the rhythms of your own body are far behind,” he wrote in the Los Angeles Times on February 13, 1966. Indeed, the acute jetlag caused by long-distance air travel can be described as a state close to a hangover: the head is cracking, the hands are shaking, thoughts are confused, the stomach is growling, falling asleep in right time does not work.

In 1919, the British John Alcock and Arthur Brown flew for the first time in a bomber from Newfoundland to Ireland. They covered a distance of 3000 km in just 16 hours. Up to this point, people have moved at speeds that are insufficient for the internal clock to disagree with the external one. Therefore, it can be assumed that Alcock and Brown were the first people to experience an acute desynchronization of biological rhythms.

In 1965, interest in the disruption of circadian rhythms was shown in the United States. “The Federal Aviation Administration is so concerned about the impact of jetlag on pilots, not to mention diplomats and businessmen, that they have conducted a massive study under the loud name “Intercontinental Biomedical Aviation Project,” Sutton wrote in the same article in LAT. Control specialists analyzed the condition of the pilots after a series of intercontinental flights and came to the conclusion that the rapid change of time zones reduces the attention and efficiency of pilots and prevents them from making key decisions.

Exactly 50 years after the flight of Alcock and Brown, in 1969, the Boeing 747 took off, the world's first long-haul wide-body aircraft, which was destined to become a symbol of affordable transcontinental travel. So desynchronosis turned from an occupational disease of pilots into a problem known to all travelers, the main symptoms of which are indigestion and insomnia. But today, scientists say that the victims of acute jetlag caused by flights are much less than people who do not fly anywhere, but suffer from chronic jetlag. At risk, everyone who does not sleep at night works in shifts or on a rotational basis.

Jetlag victims

“We approached the all-Union championship with confidence, winning in each of the matches. And suddenly a fiasco - our volleyball team lost to the local team. For the players, the day was not the day - our bodies worked in night mode. According to the time of Vladivostok, where we flew from, the game began at three in the morning and ended at five in the morning, ”says Sergey Yezhov, a participant in the All-Union championship, now a doctor of medical sciences, professor at the Pacific State University of Economics.

In the early 1970s, as a medical student, he became interested in the chronophysiology of geographic movement and the mismatch of biological rhythms.

“In the sport of high achievements, fractions of seconds and millimeters separate victory from victory. Insufficient concentration of attention or unusual work of the heart can affect the result. In 1995, Dr. Lawrence Recht analyzed the outcome of more than a thousand major league baseball games in the United States from 1991 to 1993. According to his findings, published in the journal Nature, "Eastern air travel reduces an athlete's individual endurance by more than six times."

Bypassing the retina

A person adjusts his biological clock depending on the light. Reptiles, fish and birds distinguish day from night without the help of the retina: the thin bones of the skull allow light to enter the brain directly. With humans, as with all primates, things are different. The biological clock Homo sapiens"embedded" in the hypothalamus, more precisely, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This part of the brain lies above the optic chiasm, through which it receives information about illumination from the retina.

The internal rhythms of a person roughly correspond to the day: a person falls asleep and wakes up with a frequency of 24 plus or minus three hours. Focusing on vision, the brain releases melatonin, the sleep hormone, into the blood, preventing the body from falling behind or ahead of daily rhythms. With a rapid change in the time zone, the production of melatonin goes astray from an established schedule and biological rhythms drift. What happens to the brain without light adjustment can be seen in the example of the blind. “Frequently, the blind show a photoindependent cycle of endocrine and metabolic systems, as well as sleep-wake and behavior patterns,” explains Mary Choi, an instructor at Touro College in New York. It is known that the body of blind people independently counts the time for breakfast or a night's sleep. However, if melatonin is given to the blind at certain hours, they begin to live as sighted, scientists from the Oregon Health and Nation University established in 2005: the circadian drift in the work of the internal organs disappears, which prevents not only falling asleep, but also digesting food.

Disruptions in the change of day and night also disrupt the cyclical production of cortisol, one of the wakefulness hormones. In most people, its blood level rises from midnight, reaching a maximum concentration by 6-8 am, when the production of melatonin almost stops. Therefore, if you do not fall asleep on time, the body will respond with drowsiness during the day and insomnia at night. The consequence of a chronic violation of the production of these hormones is obesity and heart disease.

Recently, devices have been developed for travelers that trick the brain into creating artificial lighting. Dr. Markku Timonen from the University of Oulu in Finland proposed a transcranial way to deliver a therapeutic dose of light, that is, directly to the brain. For this purpose, Valkee headphones were created. A simple device looks like a player, but it does not play, but shines into the photosensitive areas of the brain, bypassing the retina - through the auditory canals. Researchers claim that 8-12 minutes of daily light therapy is enough to get rid of winter depression. In the spring of 2012, the FINAIR airline has already begun issuing these headphones to its passengers on the road - those who want to “enlighten” their brains to combat jetlag will have to choose the duration of the session themselves.

The brainchild of Australian somnologists, Re-Timer glasses help passengers not feel drowsy upon arrival at their destination. Special LEDs direct a soft greenish light into the eyes, artificially lengthening the traveler's daylight hours. To avoid digestive problems caused, for example, by flying from Sydney to Berlin, travelers are advised to wear glasses in the evenings three days before departure and a day after arrival. Today, many already know how to deal with post-flight diarrhea, insomnia and a heavy head - they even warn about this before departure at the airport. Much less clarity about what to do about chronic jet lag. After all, it is experienced by the vast majority of modern people.

Dullness from the shift

Dozens research groups around the world make experimental animals "fly", artificially changing the length of the day. Researchers from the University of New Jersey extended the animals' wakefulness by six to seven hours twice a week (flight from Vladivostok to Moscow). Under such conditions, anti-cancer immunity weakens in animals: NK cells (natural killers) go astray from circadian rhythms and become less aggressive towards the tumor. This was also confirmed in epidemiological experiments: laboratory "migratory" rats died faster from lung cancer.

“NK is a special type of lymphocyte that destroys not only infected, but also tumor cells,” explains Bakhodur Kamolov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, researcher at the Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center. “There is evidence that individual resistance to cancer is related to the amount of NK produced in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen.”

In a study by Chinese scientists at the State Key Laboratory, a ten-day jet lag was enough to increase the rate of metastasis of Lewis carcinoma in animals by almost 3.5 times. True, now the Achilles' heel of anti-cancer defense turned out to be not NK cells, but onco-suppressor genes necessary to suppress tumor development.

Mice and hamsters in the same conditions simply became dull - they lost the ability to absorb new information and even forgot where the feeder was, biologists from the University of Michigan proved.

Four facts about jetlag

Going to long journey, it is important to consider the following.

1. It is more difficult for the body to move from west to east than in the opposite direction. By the way, in 1965, a study of the condition of American pilots gave the opposite results, probably due to insufficient statistics.

2. Three days is the minimum period required for a young healthy body to adapt after crossing two or more time zones.

3. The flight can remind you of old illnesses. “Based on the results of 30 years of work, I can safely say that exacerbations of well-compensated chronic diseases or infections are associated with desynchronosis,” says Ivan Pigarev. “You should not be surprised if a person suddenly develops herpes at a resort due to a decrease in immunity, and upon returning home, already healed injuries become aggravated. By the way, returning home is a more painful process for the body than traveling to a resort.

4. Melatonin tablets prevent acute jetlag. When planning to travel more than five time zones, you should take melatonin on the day of departure during the period that will correspond to night time at the place of arrival, doctors advise. When traveling more than seven time zones, melatonin should be taken two to three days before travel.

chronic travel

You don't have to fly from Vladivostok to Moscow and back twice a week to experience all the consequences of a jetlag. It is enough to travel by plane once every one and a half to two months. Or work on a rotational basis. Chronic jetlag is constantly experienced by businessmen, sleepless students, truckers and new mothers. All of them are familiar with a state similar to a slight hangover, which disappears after a cup of coffee. Studying the adaptive abilities of athletes, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Pacific State Economic University Sergey Yezhov showed that acute desynchronization does not disappear immediately, but passes into a latent stage: “Even forty days after the flight over a distance of seven time zones, the body does not return to its usual mode work. Desynchronosis is observed not only on the molecular and cellular level but also in the interaction of the hemispheres of the brain with each other. Violation of these bonds can lead to inhibition of the reaction.

What role does sleep play and what threatens its absence are clearly demonstrated by experiments on animals. The rat sits on a disk set above the water, electrodes are connected to its head. As soon as the animal falls asleep, the disk automatically starts to rotate. The rodent wakes up and, in order not to fall into the water, minces with its paws. Biologists use this experimental model to study the effects of lack of sleep. For a lethal outcome, rats need only a few sleepless days. Why do sleep-deprived rodents die? From a condition similar to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. “In such experiments, animals do not show violations of the nervous system(brain), but there are obvious violations of the immune system, - explains Ivan Pigarev, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. “Dead animals have serious diseases of almost all internal organs.” Ivan Pigarev is the author of a new sleep hypothesis, according to which, during rest, the brain “talks” with internal organs that have no representation in the cortex – the stomach, heart, intestines, liver, and others.

Previously, it was believed that the brain is resting, like a muscle. Pigarev showed that in a dream he not only recovers, but arranges a "fly" between the internal organs. During this "conference meeting" between internal bodies, the past day is analyzed, accumulated information problems are solved and errors are eliminated. The brain decides where to throw hormones, how to digest a soy sausage and not die from a hamburger eaten before bedtime. Ivan Pigarev thought about the possibility of such “brain flyers” about half a century ago, and received reliable confirmation only in the 1990s. In his first experiment, he stimulated the intestines of a sleeping cat with electrodes. Experiments have shown that during sleep, the brain is engaged in management, helping the internal organs and the immune system to deal with what happened over the past day. Pigarev's experiments explain the serious consequences of chronic jet lag: if the "flyers" that the brain arranges in a dream are constantly plucked, this threatens with problems with digestion and the heart.

However, people tend to adapt to changing living conditions. Over the years of evolution, man has learned to digest even cow's milk, which helped him in the development of northern latitudes. In the future, we will only fly more often, sleep less, and work more, and not always in our native time zones. So, maybe the organisms of the people of the future will find ways to deal with jetlag? “No,” Ivan Pigarev is sure. Such a scenario is hardly possible. The human brain is too complex, and it will not get used to flights or the lack of proper sleep.

Moreover, there are people who cannot adapt to the new time zone at all, Ivan Pigarev is sure. At the time of birth, a person’s physiological belonging to the time zone is “imprinted” in the brain, and the body is not able to change the place of registration. This statement is supported by the work carried out at the Laboratory of Human Functional Reserves of the Russian Academy of Sciences. According to their epidemiological data, the incidence among the newcomer population (for example, oil workers who moved to Surgut) is 3-4 times higher than among the local population. Professor Sergei Yezhov agrees with Pigarev: “Everything depends on the chrono-adaptive abilities of the body. It seems that it is impossible to accustom yourself to a jet lag, the chronoadaptation potential, apparently, is of a hereditary nature.”

“The maximum that Homo sapiens can achieve,” says Ivan Pigarev, “is to “turn into a rabbit.” These animals do not experience desynchronosis, because they have a short sleep followed by an equally short period of wakefulness. For short periods, the body does not have time to radically rebuild its hormonal status and accumulate a large number of mistakes, so you don’t have to sleep for a long time to recover and sleep.”

The Moon, revolving around the Earth, affects the Earth on the physical plane - the ebb and flow of the Earth's water resources follow in its rhythm. Naturally, the Moon also affects a person who mainly consists of water. Lunar rhythms affect the human psyche and, as a result, their behavior.

So on the new moon, the mood changes from depression to calmness, on the full moon - from emotional upsurge to anxiety, irritability and aggressiveness, depending on the individual characteristics of the individual.

The moon is the ruler of the two-hour rhythm of the sequential activity of 12 human organs (the daily mode of operation of each of the internal organs), which was noticed by Chinese folk medicine.

Moreover, the activation of organs is subject to the internal biological clock. When energetically excited

of the body, the main organs interact, adjusting them to each other, and to changes environment. The full cycle of energy excitation of the organs is completed in about 24 hours.

Each organ of our body has its own biorhythm. During the day, it goes through one highest phase of maximum activity of organs, in which it works well and efficiently for 2 hours in a row (at this time it is, as it were, the leader, that is, it bears a heavy load), as well as a two-hour phase of minimum activity .

In the phase of maximum activity, the human organ responds better to therapeutic effects. A whole cascade of additional biochemical reactions is launched in the body, using the substances of natural preparations and medicines in a complex way.

Time of maximum activity human organs by the clock in the daily biorhythm:

• from 1 a.m. to 3 a.m. - the liver is active,
• from 3 to 5 hours - easy,
• from 5 to 7 hours - large intestine,
• from 7 to 9 hours - stomach,
• 9 to 11 - spleen (pancreas),
• from 11 to 13 hours - heart,
• from 13 to 15 hours - small intestine,
• from 15 to 17 hours - the bladder,
• from 17 to 19 hours - kidneys,
• from 19 to 21 hours - pericardium (circulatory system),
• from 21:00 to 23:00 - the total concentration of energy (three fires or heaters),
• from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. - gallbladder.

These hours are most favorable for their treatment, cleansing and recovery. For example, the function of the heart is strong from 11 to 13 hours - at this time it is necessary to give the greatest load, including in the form of physical exercises;

Time minimum activity of human organs in the hourly daily biorhythm:

• from 1 a.m. to 3 a.m. _ small intestine,
• from 3 to 5 hours - the bladder,
• from 5 to 7 hours - kidneys,
• from 7 to 9 hours - pericardium,
• from 9 to 11 - triple heater,
• from 11 to 13 hours - gallbladder,
• from 13 to 15 hours - liver,
• from 15 to 17 hours - easy,
• from 17 to 19 hours - large intestine,
• from 19 to 21 hours - stomach,
• from 21 to 23 hours - spleen and pancreas,
• from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. - the heart.

Human biological clock

Note: ( organ activity by the hour )

1. Three heaters. This organ has no anatomical representation, but its functional role is great. Its upper part includes the lungs and heart, is in charge of breathing, the circulatory system, and control of the skin pores. The middle part, the spleen and stomach, controls the digestion of food. The lower part - the kidneys, liver, bladder, small and large intestines carry out filtration, remove excess water and unnecessary substances from the body.

2. Pericardium is a functional system that regulates blood circulation (together with the heart), respiration and sexual functions. His task is to protect the heart from outside threats.

Oriental healers, relying on vast experience, proved that great importance when taking medicines, it has not only the dose, but also the time of taking them. Therefore, knowing the time of the highest activity of the organs, it is possible to carry out procedures aimed at strengthening health, introducing healing substances or washing out poisons much more efficiently. The most favorable influence on these organs and parts of the body will be provided by medical and wellness procedures, if we also take into account the daily position of the moon.

So, for example, from 7 to 9 o'clock is the most suitable time for breakfast (the stomach is most active), from 11 to 13 o'clock - for the largest meal (when the heart is active). Those suffering from poor blood circulation are advised to move less from 11 am to 1 pm and stay in the shade on hot days. If you have problems with the small intestine, then the treatment is effective at this time. From 5 pm to 7 pm is a favorable time for dinner, kidney and back treatment (kidney activity time). From 19:00 to 21:00, the Moon appears in the sky, at this time it is most effective to be treated for impotence and frigidity. The period from 21 to 23 hours is exceptionally good for helping with skin and hair.

From 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. is the most mystical part of the day.

Daily activity of organs by hours and functions

(the most favorable time for their recovery, purification and treatment)

Yang-period (from 6.00 to 18.00) - the activity of the body, the breakdown of its structures, the acquisition and digestion of food, i.e., the waste of energy (catabolism).

Yin-period (from 18.00 to 6.00) - the transition of the body to a passive state, the assimilation of absorbed food (anabolism), the restoration of destroyed structures in a day

Pitta (Bile) is a favorable time (10.00-14.00, 22.00-2.00) for all physiological reactions in the body: digestion, metabolism, immunity, etc.

Vata (Wind) - (14.00-18.00, 2.00-6.00) drying up and cooling of the body, a favorable time for the circulation of air, blood, lymph and other fluids in the body.

Kapha (Plime) - (18.00-22.00, 6.00-10.00) mucus of the body, decrease in calorific abilities, predisposition of the body to colds and tumor diseases.

The highest pulse rate is observed at 17-18 hours, the decrease in the pulse is at 13-14 and 22-23 hours. Blood pressure has a minimum value in the early morning hours and around midnight, and a maximum at 16-20 hours. Therefore, most drugs that lower blood pressure, it is advisable to take at 15-17 hours.

The maximum readings of body temperature and blood pressure are observed at 18 o'clock, body weight - at 20 o'clock, minute respiratory volume - at 13, leukocytes in the blood at 24 o'clock.

It has been established that a decrease in body temperature can cause a restructuring of physiological rhythms. The biological clock slows down. Human life is extended.
With an increase in body temperature, for example, with the flu, the human biological clock, on the contrary, begins to rush.

During the day organ activity by the hour a person has several rises in physiological activity.

In the daytime, they are observed from 10 am to 12 pm and from 4 pm to 6 pm. This is the most favorable time for physical work, decision making, new beginnings.

Night physiological rise falls on the time from 0 to 1 o'clock in the morning. Some successfully use this time for creativity.

At 5-6 o'clock in the morning, a person has the highest efficiency: the pressure increases, the heart beats more often, the blood pulsates. Viruses and bacteria at this time are least likely to infiltrate our body. The most significant peak of normal labor occurs in the morning hours.

The most favorable time for going to bed - 21-23 hours - falls on one of the physiological recessions. And if it is not possible to fall asleep by 23 o'clock, then later it is more difficult to do it because of the physiological rise approaching 24 o'clock. This is especially useful for people who suffer from insomnia.

Morning can store danger for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Their body is especially sensitive to the “wake up” signal. Usually, blood pressure, which is lowered at night, jumps sharply upon awakening. A change in the biorhythm under the influence of a light stimulus causes the tonsils to release an increased amount of hormones into the blood. This causes the blood cells to stick together, which can eventually lead to a stroke.

After 12 noon, the first period of daily activity takes place. Less glucose enters the blood from the liver. Starts to feel tired. Rest is needed. After 13:00, the energy production curve goes down, our reactions slow down. This is the second low point in the diurnal cycle.

After 14 hours, the state of health begins to improve. The sense organs, and above all the sense of smell and taste, become particularly sensitive. This is the best time for eating.

At 16 o'clock, the second daily physiological rise begins. At this time, it is good to play sports: the body feels the need for movement, and mental activity gradually fades away. During evening training, the flexibility of athletes increases, but their growth decreases, and this is most noticeable in people of the asthenic type, and least in picnics.

After 18 hours, blood pressure rises, we become nervous, quarrels over trifles easily arise. This is a bad time for allergy sufferers. Often at this time, the head starts to hurt.

After 19 hours our weight reaches a maximum (daily), the reactions become unusually fast. At this time, the least traffic accidents are recorded.

After 20 hours mental condition stabilized, improved memory.

After 9 pm, the number of white blood cells almost doubles, the body temperature drops, and cell renewal continues. The body needs to be prepared for sleep.

Between 2 and 4 o'clock in the morning, memory, coordination of movements deteriorate, slowness in actions appears, the number of errors in the performance of mental work increases, muscle strength decreases by 2-4 kilograms, and the heart rate decreases by 15-20 beats, by 4-6 breaths - expiration, pulmonary ventilation decreases, blood oxygen saturation decreases by 4-5%.
Only the liver uses this period for intensive metabolism, removing everything from the body. toxic substances. There is a lot of cleansing going on in our body.
At four o'clock in the morning, the brain receives the minimum amount of blood. Although the body works at minimum speed, but the hearing is aggravated. A person can wake up even the slightest noise. This is the time when most people die.

The value of circadian rhythms can be used to increase, as well as to reduce the doses of drugs, since even small dosages are absorbed to the maximum during the period of organ activity.

Sources:

• Michael Smolensky, one of the leading experts in the field of chronobiology, and Lynne Lamberg, a veteran medical journalist, wrote the book "The Body Clock Guide to Better Health" by Michael Smolensky and Lynne Lamberg.
• Deepak Chopra - "Full sleep. Complete program to overcome insomnia.
• From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia