Cosmetics are an obligatory thing in the image of every modern woman. Even if manufacturers assure the natural origin of all their constituent products, some of them can seriously harm health.
Ecology Group researchers found that the average woman uses about 170 chemical substances. But are they all useful, or at least harmless?
Parabens
Parabens are typical preservatives, the most popular of which is methylparaben. Such an element can cause problems with the mammary gland up to breast cancer. 
The European Committee for Consumer Safety has been investigating substances of this kind for a long time to ensure product control. Specifically, methyl and ethyl paraben are considered harmless, since their concentration in cosmetics is too low.
Talc
A few years ago, scientists established a direct link between the use of talc and cancer of the reproductive system, and more specifically the ovaries. But this may be due to other factors, such as the addition of other elements to the talc, which can cause similar health hazards.
Lead
Saturated lipsticks are more likely to contain lead. It is so dangerous that it can cause problems with birth defects in babies, seizures and even miscarriage.
Thank God, there is very little lead conceived in the composition of lipsticks, and it is not too dangerous, but remember - the brighter the lipstick, the more hazardous substance in its pigment.
Nanoparticles
Particles of zinc and titanium are found in cosmetic products that protect from sunlight, can damage human DNA and disrupt the genome, which threatens with problems in the development of offspring. But there is no concrete evidence for this.
Simple substances and their classification When studying the material of the previous paragraphs, you have already become acquainted with some substances. So, for example, a hydrogen gas molecule consists of two atoms chemical element hydrogen - H + H = H2. Simple substances are substances that contain atoms of the same type. Simple substances, from among the substances known to you, include: oxygen, graphite, sulfur, nitrogen, all metals: iron, copper, aluminum, gold, etc. Sulfur is made up of only atoms of the chemical element sulfur, while graphite is made up of atoms of the chemical element carbon. It is necessary to clearly distinguish between concepts "chemical element" and "simple substance". For example, diamond and carbon are not the same thing. Carbon is a chemical element, and diamond is a simple substance formed by the chemical element carbon. In this case, a chemical element (carbon) and a simple substance (diamond) are called differently. Often a chemical element and a simple substance corresponding to it are called the same. For example, the element oxygen corresponds to a simple substance - oxygen. Distinguish where in question about the element, and where about the substance, you need to learn! For example, when they say that oxygen is part of water, we are talking about the element oxygen. When they say that oxygen is a gas necessary for breathing, we are talking about a simple substance, oxygen. Simple substances of chemical elements are divided into two groups - metals and non-metals. Metals and non-metals radically different in their physical properties. All metals under normal conditions solids, the exception is mercury - the only liquid metal. Metals are opaque, have a characteristic metallic sheen. Metals are ductile and conduct heat and electricity well. Non-metals are not similar to each other in physical properties. So, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen are gases, silicon, sulfur, phosphorus are solids. The only liquid non-metal, bromine, is a brown-red liquid. If we draw a conditional line from the chemical element boron to the chemical element astatine, then in the long version Periodic System above the line are non-metallic elements, and below it - metal. In the short version of the Periodic Table, the non-metallic elements are located below this line, and both the metallic and non-metallic elements are above it. This means that it is more convenient to determine whether an element is metallic or non-metallic using the long version of the Periodic System. This division is conditional, since all elements in one way or another exhibit both metallic and non-metallic properties, but in most cases this distribution is true.
Compound substances and their classification
If the composition of simple substances includes atoms of only one type, it is easy to guess that the composition of complex substances will include several types of different atoms, at least two. An example of a complex substance is water, you know its chemical formula - H2O. Water molecules are made up of two types of atoms: hydrogen and oxygen. Complex Substances Substances that are made up of different types of atoms Let's do the following experiment. Mix powders of sulfur and zinc. We place the mixture on a metal sheet and set it on fire with a wooden torch. The mixture ignites and quickly burns with a bright flame. After finishing chemical reaction a new substance was formed, which includes sulfur and zinc atoms. The properties of this substance are completely different than the properties of the original substances - sulfur and zinc. Complex substances are usually divided into two groups: not organic matter and their derivatives and organic substances and their derivatives. For example, rock salt is inorganic matter, and the starch contained in the potato is an organic substance.Structure types of substances
According to the type of particles that make up substances, substances are divided into substances molecular and non-molecular structure. The composition of a substance can include various structural particles, such as atoms, molecules, ions. Therefore, there are three types of substances: substances of atomic, ionic and molecular structure. Substances of different types of structure will have different properties.Substances of atomic structure
An example of substances atomic structure can be substances formed by the element carbon: graphite and diamond. The composition of these substances includes only carbon atoms, but the properties of these substances are very different. Graphite- fragile, easily exfoliating substance of gray-black color. Diamond- transparent, one of the hardest mineral on the planet. Why do substances composed of the same type of atoms have different properties? It's all about the structure of these substances. Carbon atoms in graphite and diamond bond in a different way. Substances of atomic structure have high boiling and melting points, as a rule, they are insoluble in water, non-volatile. Crystal lattice - an auxiliary geometric image introduced to analyze the structure of a crystalSubstances of molecular structure
Substances of molecular structure- These are almost all liquids and most gaseous substances. There are also crystalline substances crystal lattice which include molecules. Water is a substance of molecular structure. Ice also has a molecular structure, but unlike liquid water, has a crystal lattice, where all molecules are strictly ordered. Substances of a molecular structure have low boiling and melting points, are usually brittle, and do not conduct electric current.Substances of ionic structure
Substances of ionic structure are solid crystalline substances. An example of an ionic compound substance would be salt. Its chemical formula is NaCl. As you can see, NaCl consists of ions Na+ and Cl⎺, alternating in certain places (nodes) of the crystal lattice. Substances of an ionic structure have high melting and boiling points, are brittle, as a rule, are highly soluble in water, and do not conduct electric current. The concepts of "atom", "chemical element" and "simple substance" should not be confused.- "Atom"- a concrete concept, since atoms really exist.
- "Chemical element" is a collective, abstract concept; in nature, a chemical element exists in the form of free or chemically bound atoms, that is, simple and complex substances.
Compounds must be distinguished from mixtures, which also consist of different elements. The quantitative ratio of the components of the mixture can be variable, and chemical compounds have a constant composition. For example, in a glass of tea, you can add one spoonful of sugar, or several, and sucrose molecules С12Н22О11 contains exactly 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms and 11 oxygen atoms. Thus, the composition of compounds can be described by one chemical formula, and the composition mixture is not. The components of the mixture retain their physical and Chemical properties. For example, if you mix iron powder with sulfur, then a mixture of two substances is formed. Both sulfur and iron in this mixture retain their properties: iron is attracted by a magnet, and sulfur is not wetted by water and floats on its surface. If sulfur and iron react with each other, a new compound is formed with the formula FeS, which does not have the properties of either iron or sulfur, but has a set of its own properties. In conjunction FeS iron and sulfur are bound together and cannot be separated by methods that separate mixtures. Thus, substances can be classified according to several parameters: Conclusions from the article on the topic Simple and complex substances
- Simple substances- substances that contain atoms of the same type
- Elements are divided into metals and non-metals
- Complex Substances Substances that are made up of different types of atoms
- Compounds are divided into organic and inorganic
- There are substances of atomic, molecular and ionic structure, their properties are different
- Crystal cell is an auxiliary geometric image introduced to analyze the crystal structure
OPTION 18 USE-2015
Part 1
The answers to tasks 1-24 are a number, a word, a phrase or sequence of words, numbers . Write your answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer
in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, Write each letter and number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.
Read the text and complete tasks 1-3.
(1) All substances that we encounter in the world around us are either liquid, or solid, or gaseous. (2)<...>states of substances are called their states of aggregation. (3) Many substances, when cooled or heated, can be transferred from one state of aggregation to another, and in doing so they suddenly acquire completely different properties.
1. Which of the following sentences is correctHOME information contained in the text?
1) Each substance is presented in one of the states of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous - and at the same time has certain invariable properties.
2) When cooled or heated, many substances change their state of aggregation- liquid, solid or gaseous, while acquiring completely different properties.
3) Many substances suddenly acquire new properties when cooled.
4) All substances that we meet in the world around us are liquid, or solid, or gaseous.
5) Under the influence of cooling or heating, the aggregate state and properties of many substances change.
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
On the contrary, Others Even These In spite of this,
Answer:_______________________________________
3 . Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word WORLD. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
WORLD , -pl. -s, -ov, m.
1) The totality of all forms of matter in the earthly and outer space, Universe.The origin of the world.
2) units . The globe, the earth, as well as people, the population of the globe.Go around the whole m. The first in the world. World champion. M. tight (about unexpectedly discovered mutual acquaintances, connections; book).
3) United for some reason. signs of human society, social environment, system.Antique m. Scientific m.
4) A separate area of \u200b\u200blife, phenomena, objects.M. animals, plants. M. sounds. Internal m. of a person. M. hobbies.
5) units ( suggestion in the world). Secular life, in contrast to monastic life, churches.
6) ( suggestion on the world). Rural community with its members (obsolete). With the world on a thread - a naked shirt (last).
Answer:_______________________________________
4. One of the following words has an accent error:WRONG the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted. Write out this word.
PLUM, having started to inquire, will call the quarter
Answer:_______________________________________
5. One of the suggestions belowWRONG highlighted word is used.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
In order for a person who speaks a foreign language to learn to communicate freely with native speakers of this language, he needs to overcome the LANGUAGE barrier.
It is not necessary to DECREASE the merits of the coach in the victory of his pupils - young football players - in a match with a more experienced opponent.
Information on the availability of seats on a long-distance train and the cost of railway tickets can be obtained no earlier than 45 days before the date of its departure.
AT early XVIII century with the development of parks and landscape dendrology in France, Hedges have found wide application.
Mastery comes from LONG-TERM observation of a professional at work.
Answer:_______________________________________
6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
ENGINEER MOST appropriate GO to the city
THEIR books a pair of SOCKS
Answer:_______________________________________
7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
A) Determining the meaning of incomprehensible words, doubts seized me.
B) Paustovsky’s story “Squeaky Floorboards” tells about the role of Russian nature in the life and work of the great composer P.I. Tchaikovsky.
C) Among the houses built on this street, there were several multi-storey ones.
D) Those who do not study foreign language, is deprived of the opportunity to read the masterpieces of world literature in the original.
E) Scientists said that "we impregnate ancient manuscripts with an organic solution with the addition of antioxidants that could stop the process of paper decay."
Answer:
BUT
8. Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
ex..menator ignition..ranie av..ngard fil..rmonia morning..mbovat
Answer:_______________________________________
9. Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
p..write, with..the voice of ra..rely, in..action
pr..form, pr..sew under..grab, super..interesting
ex..open, ex..follow
Answer:_______________________________________
10. E .
rebuild .. magnetic .. unpretentious .. new smile .. persistent ..
Answer:_______________________________________
11. Write down the word in which the letter is written in the place of the gapAnd .
abandoned.. disturbed.. roasted.. noticed.. spilled.. sh
Answer:_______________________________________
12. Define a sentence thatNOT spelled with the wordONE . Open the brackets and write out this word.
This house is (NOT) BIG, but very cozy.
I have NOTHING to talk to you about.
The computer is (NOT) CONNECTED to the network.
The perishing garden and already (NOT) SUCCESSFUL love are two internally connected themes of the play.
The electric train (NOT) STOPPED at the Perovo platform.
Answer:_______________________________________
13. Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are writtenONE . Open the brackets and write out these two words.
(SO, lyrical hero Pasternak feels that love helps to overcome vanity and vulgarity, and (FOR) THEREFORE, he recalls the once extinguished spark of love with regret.
(B) FOR twenty years I have traveled to Russia in all directions, but EVERYTHING (SAME) I have not found a better place than my father's land.
Based on the concept of predestination, it is possible (FOR) FIRST to justify any act of a person, HOWEVER (WHETHER) repulsive or criminal it may seem to us.
Now Chatsky YES (SAME) has nothing to talk about with Sophia, but EVERYTHING (EQUAL) he loves her.
(I) THIS went on (B) FOR many years.
Answer:_______________________________________
14. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which it is writtenNN.
Why do skates made (1) of any material glide only on an ice (2) surface and perfectly (3) do not slide on a smooth stone (4) floor.
Answer:_______________________________________
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of offers in which you want to putONE comma.
1) The caravel had three masts with straight and oblique sails and could move in the right direction even with a headwind.
2) The yellowish or pinkish petals of this plant grow singly or in pairs.
3) Bright poppies and delicate tulips and shaggy marigolds were planted in the flower bed.
4) Representatives of the intelligentsia have always strived for semantic accuracy and expressiveness of speech, fought against distortion and clogging of their native language.
5) Work clothes and rubber boots were stacked in the corner of the room.
Answer:_______________________________________
16. Put punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
I saw all around one boundless azure sea (1) all covered with small ripples of golden scales, and overhead the same boundless, the same azure sky - and across it (2) triumphant (3) and as if laughing (4) the gentle sun rolled.
Answer:_______________________________________
17. Put punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.
Sometimes a thought will come that (1) seems (2) true, but you are afraid to believe it. But then you see that that thought, which (3) may be (4) strange, is actually the simplest truth: once you know it, you can no longer stop believing in it.
Answer:_______________________________________
18. Use punctuation marks
For a long time, whales (1) observed (2) which (3) were previously managed by a few (4) were considered fish.
Answer:_______________________________________
19. Use punctuation marks : enter all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
The sister did not answer (1) and (2) to distract herself from the unpleasant conversation (3) she went to the bird cage and began to absently pour grain into the feeders (4) although they were already full.
Answer:_______________________________________
Read the text and complete tasks 20-25.
(1) The old village with its thousand-year history goes into oblivion today. (2) And this means that centuries-old foundations are collapsing, that centuries-old soil on which our entire national culture grew: its ethics and aesthetics, its folklore and literature, its miracle, language, disappears. (3) The village is our origins, our roots. (4) The village is the mother's womb, where our national character was born.
(5) And today, when the old village is living out its last days, we peer with a new, special, heightened attention at the type of person that was created by her, peer at our mothers and fathers, grandfathers and grandmothers.
(6) Oh, a little fell to their lot kind words! (7) But it is precisely on them, on the shoulders of these nameless workers and warriors, that the building of our entire life today stands firmly!
(8) Let us recall, for example, only one feat of a Russian woman in the last war. (9) After all, it was she, the Russian woman, with her superhuman work, back in the forty-first year, opened the second front, which she so longed for Soviet army. (10) But how, by what measure to measure the feat of the same Russian woman in the post-war period, in those days when she, often herself hungry, undressed and undressed, fed and clothed the country, with true patience and resignation of a Russian peasant woman, carried the heavy cross of a widow - soldiers, mothers of sons who died in the war!
(11) So what is surprising that the old peasant woman in our literature for a while pressed, and sometimes even overshadowed other characters? (12) Recall "Matryonin Dvor" by A. Solzhenitsyn, "The Deadline" by V. Rasputin, the heroines of V. Shukshin, A. Astafiev and V. Belov. (13) No, this is not idealization village life and not longing for the outgoing hutted Russia, as some critics and writers broadcast with thoughtless ease and arrogance, but our filial, albeit belated gratitude.
(14) This is the desire to comprehend and retain the spiritual experience of the older generation, that moral potential, those moral forces that did not let Russia fall into the abyss during the years of the most difficult trials.
(15) Yes, these heroines are dark and illiterate, yes, naive and too trusting, but what spiritual placers, what spiritual light! (16) Infinite selflessness, a heightened Russian conscience and a sense of duty, the ability to self-restraint and compassion, love for work, for the earth and for all living things - yes, you can’t list everything.
(17) Unfortunately, a modern young person, brought up in other, more favorable conditions, does not always inherit these vital qualities. (18) And one of the main tasks of modern literature is to warn young people from the danger of mental hardening, to help them learn and enrich the spiritual baggage accumulated by previous generations.
(19)B recent times we talk a lot about conservation natural environment, monuments of material culture. (20) Isn't it time, with the same energy and vigor, to raise the question of the preservation and protection of the enduring values of spiritual culture, accumulated by centuries of folk experience ...
(According to F. Abramov*)
*Fyodor Alexandrovich Abramov (1920-1983) - Russian writer, literary critic, publicist; one of the most prominent representatives of "village prose" - a significant trend in Soviet literature of the 1960s-1980s.
20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.
1) The old village will soon cease to exist.
2) The well-being of current generations became possible thanks to millions of nameless workers and warriors - our ancestors.
3) The works of writers about the Russian village are imbued with longing for the outgoing hut of Russia.
4) It is necessary to preserve and protect the enduring values of the spiritual culture of our people.
5) Modern literature should entertain, create conditions for a good rest after work.
Answer:_______________________________________
21. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.
1) Sentence 2 explains the content of sentence 1.
2) Sentences 8-10 contain an illustration of the statement given in sentence 7.
3) Sentences 11-13 contain a narrative.
4) Sentences 15-16 present the narrative.
5) In sentences 19-20, reasoning is presented.
Answer:_______________________________________
22. From sentences 3-6 write out antonyms (antonymic pair).
Answer:_______________________________________
23. Among sentences 10-13, find one that is connected with the previous one using a demonstrative pronoun. Write the number of this offer.
Answer:_______________________________________
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20 – 23.
This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write in the table under each letter the corresponding number.
Write the sequence of numbers in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.
24. " The author is not indifferent to the fate of the Russian village, so his reasoning is deeply emotional. The emotionality of the text is given by the syntactic means of expression: (A) ___________ (sentences 6-7) and (B) _________ (sentence 11), as well as the technique - (C) _________ (sentences 3-4). Speaking about the spiritual sphere, F. Abramov uses such a trope as (D) ___________ (for example, in sentence 18).
List of terms:
1) litote
2) phraseological unit
3) book words
4) anaphora
5) metaphor
6) exclamatory sentences
7) parceling
9) question-answer form of presentation
Answer:
BUT
Part 2
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid over-quoting).
Formulate position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
ANSWERS
OPTION 18 USE-2015
to the tasks of part 1
№ tasks
starayanov newold oldnew newold
TEXT INFORMATION
PART 2
Approximate range of problems
4. The problem of the meaning of the image of the Russian peasant woman in the literature of the 60-70sXXcentury. (What is the meaning of the image of a Russian peasant woman created in the works of Russian literature of the 60s and 70sXXcentury?)
I saw all around one boundless azure sea (1) all covered with small ripples of golden scales, and above my head the same boundless, the same azure sky - and across it (2) triumphant (3) and as if laughing (4) the gentle sun rolled.
1) 1, 2, 4 2) 1, 2, 3 3) 2, 3, 4 4) 1, 3, 4
In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which commas should be in the sentences?
Sometimes a thought will come that (1) seems (2) true, but you are afraid to believe it. But then you see that that thought, which (3) may be (4) strange, is actually the simplest truth: once you know it, you can no longer stop believing in it.
1) 3, 4 2) 1, 3 3) 1, 2 4) 1, 2, 3, 4
Specify the sentence in which you need to put one comma. (No punctuation marks.)
The caravel had three masts with straight and oblique sails and could move in the right direction even with a headwind.
The yellowish or pink petals of this plant grow singly or in pairs.
The flower bed was planted with bright poppies and delicate tulips and shaggy marigolds.
Representatives of the intelligentsia have always strived for semantic accuracy and expressiveness of speech, fought against distortion and clogging of their native language.
How do you explain the use of a colon in this sentence?
The Impressionists E. Manet, O. Renoir, E. Degas brought freshness and
immediacy of the perception of life: they began to depict instantaneous, as if
random movements and situations, unexpected angles of figures.
The second part of the unionless complex sentence explains, reveals the content of the first part.
The generalizing word stands before a number of homogeneous members.
The first part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the condition for performing the action, which is mentioned in the second part.
The second part of the non-union complex sentence indicates the consequence of what is said in the first part.
Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
For a long time, whales (1) which (3) were previously observed by a few (4) were considered fish.
1, 3 2) 2, 4 3) 2, 3 4) 1, 4
Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
The sister did not answer (1) and (2) to distract herself from an unpleasant conversation (3) she went to the cage with birds and began to absently pour grain into the feeders
although they were already full.
1, 2, 4 2) 1, 2, 3, 4 3) 1, 3 4) 2, 3
Read the text.
All substances that we encounter in the world around us are either liquid, or solid, or gaseous. These states of matter are called their states of aggregation. Many substances, when cooled or heated, can be transferred from one state of aggregation to another, and in doing so they suddenly acquire completely different properties.
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys home information,
Each substance is presented in one of the states of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous - and at the same time has certain invariable properties.
When cooled or heated, many substances change their state of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous, while acquiring completely different properties.
Many substances suddenly acquire new properties when cooled.
All substances that we encounter in the world around us are either liquid, or solid, or gaseous.
Read the text and complete tasks A28-A30; B1-B8; C1.
(1) Wilhelm, read your poems,
For me to fall asleep sooner.
Tell me, Wilhelm, was it not so with us,
My own brother by muse, by fate?
What different assessments of one person - with the same, friendly, pen!
Where is the truth? (5) What year?
Once, at a gloomy hour, Wilhelm Küchelbecker will write to the husband of his older sister, the famous scientist and teacher Grigory Glinka, that everything in the Lyceum did not please him, that he had no friends and no business. (8) The relative answered: “... I regret with you
about your failures, ”advised to stick tighter to the sciences, but blamed Kühly himself:
“You hope in vain to find friends among the anemones of your age, not yet ripe for a feeling of friendship yourself. (Yu) In general, try to take advantage of the golden times of your youth, being engaged exclusively in sciences in which the good of our life; do not lose sight of your future appointment in society and make yourself worthy of it. (11) Do not cry about everything and at any time; a whiny face, just like a too sad mood, does not in the least combine with youthful age. (12) Accustomed to looking at all things from the worst side, you will inevitably be unhappy.
Believe me also that in almost all cases of life we ourselves are the instrument of our own happiness or misfortune.
Yes, Kuchelbecker himself in another minute will call his friends "cute and beautiful."
And so it will continue: friendship and mockery, friendship and a ruthless epigram. (16) Kyukhlya will call Pushkin to shoot; from ridicule at his lanky, awkward figure will come to despair; one day he rushes to drown himself in the Tsarskoselsky pond - they will pull him out and will love him, as they loved before, marveling at the combination of inspiration, talent and terrible inconsistencies. (17) Loving, they will again scoff, put up ...
And why not?
Does it matter in what century former classmates were young and old? (22) Does it matter if they have light bulbs or candles in the classroom? (23) Do they wear jeans or camisoles, cocked hats? (24) Of course, the difference of centuries is not indifferent to us. (25) Of course, each era has its own unique voice and style ... (26) But how much is there in common! (27) Didn't they, young great-grandfathers, love like great-grandchildren, didn't dream, didn't they die? (28) Are we contemporaries space rockets and now digital television, would you not find something to talk about, what to ask those guys, and they - us?
Looking at ourselves and our friends, as if from the outside, “through another century”, through the deeds, thoughts and documents of long-gone people, we suddenly notice something that was almost indistinguishable up close, up close...
(According to N.Ya. Eidelman*)
*Natan Yakovlevich Eidelman (1930-1989) - writer, historian, literary critic.
What sentence should be in place of the pass under the number 6?
Pushkin will never admit it...
Evidence of Pushkin's true relationship to Kuchelbecker has been lost...
Nowhere...
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Sentences 21-26 contain reasoning.
Sentences 11-13 present reasoning.
Sentences 16-17 list the events that took place.
Sentence 9 contains a description.
Indicate a synonym for the word LANKY from sentence 16.
grandiloquent 2) tall 3) undersized 4) low
When completing the tasks of this part, write down your answer in the answer sheet No. 1 to the right of the task number (B1-B8), starting from the first cell. Write each letter or number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form. Separate words or numbers with commas when listing. Put each comma in a separate box. Spaces are not used when writing answers.
Answers to tasks B1-B3 write down in words.
21 I From sentences 12-13 write out the word formed by the prefix-suffix method.
From sentences 8-11 write out the adverb in the comparative degree.
From sentence 7 write out subordinative phrase with connection CONNECTION.
Write down the answers to tasks B4-B8 in numbers.
I Among sentences 9-18 find a simple one-part indefinite personal sentence. Write the number of this offer.
| Among sentences 15-28, find sentences that have standalone application. Write the numbers of these proposals.
20 | Among sentences 7-16, find a complex sentence that includes three homogeneous clauses. Write the number of this compound sentence.
27 Among sentences 7-12, find one that is related to the previous one using contextual synonyms. Write the number of this offer.
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks A28-AZO, B1-B7. This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. If you do not know which number from the list should be in the place of the gap, write the number 0. The sequence of numbers in the order in which they are written by you in the text of the review in the place of the gaps, write down in the answer sheet No. 1 to the right of the task number B8, starting from the first cell. Write each number in a separate cell in accordance with the samples given in the form. Numbers when transferring separate with commas. Put each comma in a separate box. Spaces are not used when writing answers.
“The talented Pushkinist N.Ya. Eidelman, who devoted his scientific and literary activity to the history of the Decembrist movement, compares the friendly relations of modern young people and lyceum students of Pushkin
release, using a technique such as (sentences 9-13), and
syntactic means: (for example, in sentence 16) and
(proposals 27, 28). (“friendship” - “mock”,
"friendship" - "epigram" in sentence 15) emphasize the peculiarity of relations between lyceum students.
List of terms:
rhetorical questions 6) metaphors
contextual antonyms 7) question-answer form of presentation
emotional-evaluative words 8) comparative turnover
colloquial words 9) quoting
rows of homogeneous members
To answer the task of this part, use the answer sheet L® 2. First write down the task number C1, and then write an essay.
Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid over-quoting).
Formulate the position of the author. Write whether you agree or disagree with his point of view. Explain why. Argument your answer, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated.
If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
Option 13
When completing the tasks of this part in the answer sheet No. 1, under the number of the task you are performing (A1-A30), put the “x” sign in the box, the number of which corresponds to the number of the answer you have chosen.
D1 | In which word is the letter denoting the stressed vowel correctly highlighted?
brought down 2) ahead of time 3) sorrel 4) poured over
A2 | In which answer is the underlined word used incorrectly?
Parents should remember that a good LANGUAGE children's camp can be located not only in London.
Working with CASH is a serious issue for every enterprise.
Experienced gardeners believe that a properly grown LIVING hedge is much more durable and reliable than the strongest fences.
A BUSINESS lunch can be considered as a variant of working communication, provided that you did not come to this lunch in order to satisfy your hunger or thirst.
DZ I Give an example with an error in the formation of the word form.
about five hundred photographs
go to town
couple of socks
most relevant
d^ | Indicate the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence.
Examining the rock paintings of the Stone Age,
the drawings can be understood by people of different nationalities.
you see the most important events people's lives, scenes of hunting and battles.
understanding of such figures can be ambiguous.
realities of the distant past are visible.
dd I Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the syntactic norm).
Thanks to an article in the newspaper, we learned about the resumption of the tourist boat route to the Northern Islands.
Kem is one of the oldest cities in Russia located on the White Sea.
Everyone who wrote a review for “excellent*” gave a deep analysis of the work and substantiated their point of view.
Paustovsky's story "Squeaky Floorboards" tells about the role of Russian nature in the life and work of the great composer Tchaikovsky.
In which sentence the subordinate clause of a complex sentence cannot be
be replaced by a separate definition, expressed by participial turnover?
The estate stands at the very edge of the hill, which is covered with a picturesque centuries-old oak forest.
This village arose in a later period next to the remains ancient city, the name of which it has secured.
At the end of the 19th century, the estate was acquired by the Kursk merchant of the first guild, Georgy Aleksandrovich Novosiltsev, who was the last owner of Lebyazhye.
The workshop in Sergiev Posad, which was organized by the Moscow Zemstvo in 1891, largely owes its existence to S.T. Morozov.
Read the text and complete tasks A7-A12.
(1)... (2) Many of these changes cause serious disturbances in the functioning of organs and systems. (3) But living organisms are able to protect themselves from adverse influences and maintain the stability of the internal environment due to the fact that they are able to adapt. (4) Adaptation is understood as the totality of all physiological reactions that ensure the adaptation of the structure and functions of an organism or an individual organ to a change environment. (5) If the organism did not have the ability to adapt, a change in the conditions of existence could lead to its death. (6) ... adaptation plays a very important role in the life of organisms.
Which of the following sentences should be first in this text?
There are various pharmacological preparations that promote adaptation.
Rational nutrition ensures a normal metabolism, which increases the level of adaptation.
Adaptation to certain environmental conditions is the most important condition for the survival of a living organism.
The environment in which living organisms exist is constantly changing.
Which of the following words should be in place of the gap in sixth text sentence?
First 3) However
Therefore, 4) However,
A9 I What words are grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of a complex sentence of the text?
violations cause (sentence 2)
organisms are capable (sentence 3)
they are able to adapt (sentence 3)
change could (sentence 5)
Indicate the correct description of the third (3) sentence of the text.
Complicated 3) simple complicated
compound non-union 4) compound
Select the sentence that contains a personal pronoun.
1) 5 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
Indicate the meaning of the word ABILITY (sentence 5).
condition 2) talent 3) skill 4) reason
In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which HH is written?
The sun was golden in the east, behind the fog (1) blue of the distant (2) forests, behind the white snowy lowland (3) cool, which the ancient Russian city looked at from the low shore.
1 2) 1, 2 3) 2, 3 4) 1, 2, 3
In which row is the unstressed checked vowel of the root missing in all words?
nalom..nanie, vocabulary, vyl..live
sprawled, orbital, polemical
examine, paved, ed..
preserve, horizontal, k..rrierist
In which row in all words is the same letter missing?
accrue, be .. compromise, unbending
discard, on .. write, on .. cross out
pr..funny, contact, pr..school
from..reveal, deprivation..yana, inter..linguistic
In which row in both words is the letter I written at the place of the gap?
- preserve the structure, ... inequalities. Informatics In years) Each rural ... top center write Trial USE-2012
. Russianlanguage OPTION - All secondary schools must ... commissions to verify the trial USE on Russianlanguage should arrive at 12. ...
Option No. 3969297
When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).
If the option is set by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to the tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of the short answer assignments and will be able to grade the uploaded answers to the long answer assignments. The points given by the teacher will be displayed in your statistics. The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Version for printing and copying in MS Word
Indicate the numbers of sentences in which the MAIN information contained in the text is correctly conveyed. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Each substance is presented in one of the states of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous - and at the same time has certain invariable properties.
2) When cooled or heated, many substances change their state of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous, while acquiring completely different properties.
3) Many substances change their state of aggregation - liquid, solid or gaseous - in the process of cooling or heating, as a result of which they acquire completely different properties.
4) Many substances suddenly acquire new properties when cooled.
5) All substances that we encounter in the world around us are either liquid, or solid, or gaseous.
Answer:
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the second sentence? Write out this word.
Thus,
Despite this
Vice versa,
Answer:
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word WORLD. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
WORLD, -a, pl. -s, -s, husband.
1. The totality of all forms of matter in terrestrial and outer space, the Universe. The origin of the world.
2. A separate region of the Universe, a planet. star worlds.
3. units Globe, Earth, as well as people, the population of the globe. Go around the whole m. The first in the world. World champion. M. tight(about unexpectedly discovered mutual acquaintances, connections; book).
4. United for some reason. signs of human society, social environment, system. Antique m. Scientific m.
5. A separate area of life, phenomena, objects. M. animals, plants. M. sounds. Internal m. of a person. M. hobbies.
6. units (prev. in the world). Secular life, in contrast to monastic life, churches.
7. (prev. on the world). Rural community with its members (obsolete). With the world on a string naked shirt(last).
Answer:
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in the formulation of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
far-sightedIva
religions
bent
Answer:
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
Parents should remember that a good LANGUAGE children's camp can be located not only in London.
Working with CASH is a serious issue for every enterprise.
Experienced gardeners believe that a properly grown LIVING hedge is much more durable and reliable than the strongest fences.
A BUSINESS lunch can be considered as a variant of working communication, provided that you did not come to this lunch in order to satisfy your hunger or thirst.
Answer:
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
modern kitchens
FOUR STRINGS
all DIRECTORS of gymnasiums
Shortest way
way LONGER
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS | SUGGESTIONS | |
A) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover B) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application C) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate D) an error in the construction of a complex sentence E) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms | 1) A remarkable Russian poet, subtly feeling nature, is S. A. Yesenin. 2) In the story “The Birth of a Ship”, Boris Shergin shows how Russian craftsmen built sea vessels. 3) If we had time to develop a program, we could start working next month. 4) In the journal "Literary Heritage" you can find new interesting information about the work of Leo Tolstoy. 5) Bone marrow is a tissue that fills the cavities of the bones of vertebrates and humans. 6) Everyone who understands technology is invited to take part in a technical Olympiad. 7) The text raises the problem of "fathers and children", which has become traditional for Russian classics, and reveals the author's attitude towards the younger generation. 8) The guests visited the assembly hall of the new building of the lyceum, which is not inferior in scale and decoration to a small drama theater. 9) Ecologists call for economical use of electricity and plan to hold a special eco-campaign for cellular subscribers. |
| A | B | AT | G | D |
Answer:
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
in..impenetrable
inkv. position
bl..stely
pr..hundred
application
Answer:
Find a row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.
About..warm up, pr..nourished;
about..play, with..zmala;
ra .. interfere, without .. numerical;
pr..old, pr..open;
week .. cook, r .. paint.
Answer:
in love .. out
winking
awarded
despair
Answer:
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
design..t
offended..ny
unimaginable.. my
Answer:
Determine the sentence in which NOT (NOT) with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
Archaeologists of the Rostov region are concerned about the development of (NOT) RESEARCHED territories by scientists.
By no means (NOT) Idle curiosity brought us to this city.
Through the (NOT) CLOSED curtains, one could see a large, brightly lit room.
The book is still (NOT) READ.
(NOT) MORE THAN a third of students gave correct answers to tasks of increased complexity.
Answer:
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
(FROM) FAR, all AS (IF) bending down on its way, thunder rolled.
Blooming lilac spread (IN) CIRCLE its (NON) REPEAT aroma.
We so often look for the meaning of life, forgetting about loved ones, (FOR) THIS SO (SAME), as well as the meaning in life, we do not find mutual understanding.
There are beloved women whose eyes affect us not (IN) DIRECTLY, but later, AS (THAT) unexpectedly.
SOMETHING (THAT) disturbed me in this case.
Answer:
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
Inspired by the (1) success of his poem, Guys published the collection “Stolen (2) portfolio”, which included a funny parody of Milton's poem “Losing (3) paradise”. But nevertheless, his love elegies remain the most famous, in which irony and melancholy, elegance and depth are combined.
Answer:
Set up punctuation marks. Write two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Yesenin's work is determined not only by the traditions of the "golden age" but also by the strong influence of new poetic thinking.
2) We now know Blok’s gloomy winter and Yesenin’s winter foreboding of the inevitable rebirth and the special lyricism of Turgenev’s winter.
3) The old man was always cheerful and always spoke in jokes and jokes.
4) It was necessary to clear the territory of garbage or go in search of another place for a halt.
5) Only the measured breathing of sleeping and the crackling of burning branches was heard, and soon all the anxieties of the day slowly dissolved into the serene night.
Answer:
I was sitting alone in a dim room (1) immersed in a book (2) and suddenly (3) hearing some sounds (4) I saw on the threshold a familiar figure in an open fur coat and a high beaver hat.
Answer:
Fill in all the missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
In the next two years (1) the construction of a toll highway between Moscow and St. Petersburg can be (2) carried out. The width of the carriageway (3) according to the engineers (4) will be sufficient for the largest traffic flow.
Answer:
Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
The famous grandmother's pies (1) the smell (2) of which (3) instantly spread throughout the apartment (4) gathered the whole family at the table.
Answer:
Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
It is never boring in the forest (1) and (2) if you feel sad (3) take a closer look at the most ordinary birch (4) that you will meet on your way.
Answer:
Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.
1) The desire to become famous made dozens of people rush to help the victim.
2) Moral duty is the main motive for the actions of caring people.
4) It is necessary to study under what conditions and under what upbringing people are obtained with an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness.
5) For the participants in the events, moral duty and feat are completely different things.
(According to G.N. Bocharov*)
*Gennady Nikolaevich Bocharov
Source not defined
Answer:
Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Sentences 9-12 present the narrative.
2) In sentences 17-19, reasoning is presented.
3) 24 sentence of the text contains a descriptive fragment.
4) Sentence 30 explains the content of sentence 29 of the text.
5) In sentences 4-7 narration.
(1) One day in the winter, an appeal from doctors to the audience sounded from the television screens of Omsk: an injured person urgently needed donated blood.
(2) People sat in warm cozy apartments, no one knew about each other's affairs, no one was going to, and could not control human actions. (3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal. (4) But the majority still had a controller. (5) The highest moral controller is conscience. (6) But that's all! (7) Yes, and only. (8) But this “only”, this only selectivity turned out to be the main one in the following minutes, when a person began to act. (9) On trams, buses, taxis, people got to the hospital. (10) The nurses on duty went out to meet them. (11) 320 people came to the hospital in 30 minutes. (12) The victim was saved.
(13) I wanted to meet at least some of these people. (14) I went into their houses, talked, finding out the motives of the act, painfully looked for words and felt how these words were not enough not only for me, but also for the donors themselves ... (15) I still feel the awkwardness of those conversations, clarifications . (16) After all, the main thing was different. (17) The main thing was and is that these people acted on the basis of their usual ideas about moral duty. (18) They had no other motives. (19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone. (23) For everyone!
(24) With particular clarity, I remember the faces of my old interlocutors at the moments when their act was characterized by many journalists as a feat. (25) No, these people knew well that a feat is one thing, and the fulfillment of a moral duty is another. (26) The journalist should have known this too. (27) As well as the fact that each of these people, in general, every person who is able to transgress personal well-being in order to help another person, is capable of much more. (28) It is such a person who will not allow a collision, a conflict between personal interest and public interest.
(29) One originates in the other. (30) Big - in small, great - in big.
(According to G.N. Bocharov*)
*Gennady Nikolaevich Bocharov(born in 1935) - journalist, publicist, political commentator.
Source not defined
(3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal.
Answer:
From sentences 19-22, write out a phraseological unit that has the meaning "at first"
(1) One day in the winter, an appeal from doctors to the audience sounded from the television screens of Omsk: an injured person urgently needed donated blood.
(2) People sat in warm cozy apartments, no one knew about each other's affairs, no one was going to, and could not control human actions. (3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal. (4) But the majority still had a controller. (5) The highest moral controller is conscience. (6) But that's all! (7) Yes, and only. (8) But this “only”, this only selectivity turned out to be the main one in the following minutes, when a person began to act. (9) On trams, buses, taxis, people got to the hospital. (10) The nurses on duty went out to meet them. (11) 320 people came to the hospital in 30 minutes. (12) The victim was saved.
(13) I wanted to meet at least some of these people. (14) I went into their houses, talked, finding out the motives of the act, painfully looked for words and felt how these words were not enough not only for me, but also for the donors themselves ... (15) I still feel the awkwardness of those conversations, clarifications . (16) After all, the main thing was different. (17) The main thing was and is that these people acted on the basis of their usual ideas about moral duty. (18) They had no other motives. (19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone. (23) For everyone!
(24) With particular clarity, I remember the faces of my old interlocutors at the moments when their act was characterized by many journalists as a feat. (25) No, these people knew well that a feat is one thing, and the fulfillment of a moral duty is another. (26) The journalist should have known this too. (27) As well as the fact that each of these people, in general, every person who is able to transgress personal well-being in order to help another person, is capable of much more. (28) It is such a person who will not allow a collision, a conflict between personal interest and public interest.
(29) One originates in the other. (30) Big - in small, great - in big.
(According to G.N. Bocharov*)
*Gennady Nikolaevich Bocharov(born in 1935) - journalist, publicist, political commentator.
Source not defined
(19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone.
Answer:
Among sentences 1-12, find one (s) that is (s) related to the previous one using a personal pronoun and words of the same thematic group. Write the number(s) of this offer(s).
(1) One day in the winter, an appeal from doctors to the audience sounded from the television screens of Omsk: an injured person urgently needed donated blood.
(2) People sat in warm cozy apartments, no one knew about each other's affairs, no one was going to, and could not control human actions. (3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal. (4) But the majority still had a controller. (5) The highest moral controller is conscience. (6) But that's all! (7) Yes, and only. (8) But this “only”, this only selectivity turned out to be the main one in the following minutes, when a person began to act. (9) On trams, buses, taxis, people got to the hospital. (10) The nurses on duty went out to meet them. (11) 320 people came to the hospital in 30 minutes. (12) The victim was saved.
(13) I wanted to meet at least some of these people. (14) I went into their houses, talked, finding out the motives of the act, painfully looked for words and felt how these words were not enough not only for me, but also for the donors themselves ... (15) I still feel the awkwardness of those conversations, clarifications . (16) After all, the main thing was different. (17) The main thing was and is that these people acted on the basis of their usual ideas about moral duty. (18) They had no other motives. (19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone. (23) For everyone!
(24) With particular clarity, I remember the faces of my old interlocutors at the moments when their act was characterized by many journalists as a feat. (25) No, these people knew well that a feat is one thing, and the fulfillment of a moral duty is another. (26) The journalist should have known this too. (27) As well as the fact that each of these people, in general, every person who is able to transgress personal well-being in order to help another person, is capable of much more. (28) It is such a person who will not allow a collision, a conflict between personal interest and public interest.
"G. N. Bocharov often expresses his thoughts using such lexical means as (A) _____ (“atmosphere, situation” in sentence 21, “collisions, conflicts” in sentence 28) and (B) _____ (“public” - “personal” in sentence 28). To convey thoughts and feelings more accurately to a publicist, such a technique as (B) _____ (sentences 20, 25) helps, and such syntactical device, like (D)_____ (sentences 9, 14)".
List of terms:
1) rhetorical question
2) antonyms
3) dialectisms
5) impersonation
6) opposition
7) rows of homogeneous members
8) contextual synonyms
9) exclamatory sentences
Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | AT | G |
(1) One day in the winter, an appeal from doctors to the audience sounded from the television screens of Omsk: an injured person urgently needed donated blood.
(2) People sat in warm cozy apartments, no one knew about each other's affairs, no one was going to, and could not control human actions. (3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal. (4) But the majority still had a controller. (5) The highest moral controller is conscience. (6) But that's all! (7) Yes, and only. (8) But this “only”, this only selectivity turned out to be the main one in the following minutes, when a person began to act. (9) On trams, buses, taxis, people got to the hospital. (10) The nurses on duty went out to meet them. (11) 320 people came to the hospital in 30 minutes. (12) The victim was saved.
(13) I wanted to meet at least some of these people. (14) I went into their houses, talked, finding out the motives of the act, painfully looked for words and felt how these words were not enough not only for me, but also for the donors themselves ... (15) I still feel the awkwardness of those conversations, clarifications . (16) After all, the main thing was different. (17) The main thing was and is that these people acted on the basis of their usual ideas about moral duty. (18) They had no other motives. (19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone. (23) For everyone!
(24) With particular clarity, I remember the faces of my old interlocutors at the moments when their act was characterized by many journalists as a feat. (25) No, these people knew well that a feat is one thing, and the fulfillment of a moral duty is another. (26) The journalist should have known this too. (27) As well as the fact that each of these people, in general, every person who is able to transgress personal well-being in order to help another person, is capable of much more. (28) It is such a person who will not allow a collision, a conflict between personal interest and public interest.
(29) One originates in the other. (30) Big - in small, great - in big.
(According to G.N. Bocharov*)
*Gennady Nikolaevich Bocharov(born in 1935) - journalist, publicist, political commentator.
Source not defined
Answer:
Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.
Comment on the formulated problem. Include in the comment two illustration examples from the read text that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid over-quoting). Explain the meaning of each example and indicate the semantic relationship between them.
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is rated 0 points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
(1) One day in the winter, an appeal from doctors to the audience sounded from the television screens of Omsk: an injured person urgently needed donated blood.
(2) People sat in warm cozy apartments, no one knew about each other's affairs, no one was going to, and could not control human actions. (3) Any person could later say: I didn’t watch TV, I didn’t hear the appeal. (4) But the majority still had a controller. (5) The highest moral controller is conscience. (6) But that's all! (7) Yes, and only. (8) But this “only”, this only selectivity turned out to be the main one in the following minutes, when a person began to act. (9) On trams, buses, taxis, people got to the hospital. (10) The nurses on duty went out to meet them. (11) 320 people came to the hospital in 30 minutes. (12) The victim was saved.
(13) I wanted to meet at least some of these people. (14) I went into their houses, talked, finding out the motives of the act, painfully looked for words and felt how these words were not enough not only for me, but also for the donors themselves ... (15) I still feel the awkwardness of those conversations, clarifications . (16) After all, the main thing was different. (17) The main thing was and is that these people acted on the basis of their usual ideas about moral duty. (18) They had no other motives. (19) Moral duty is their main motive. (20) The act of these people is not a bright flash, but a norm of behavior, and it was truly absurd to try out the motive for an action aimed at helping a person in trouble.
(21) In fact, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the moral atmosphere, the environment that allows educating people in such an understanding of a sense of duty, such responsiveness. (22) This is really necessary, because it is important that the manifestation of the humane properties of the human soul become a natural need for everyone. (23) For everyone!
(24) With particular clarity, I remember the faces of my old interlocutors at the moments when their act was characterized by many journalists as a feat. (25) No, these people knew well that a feat is one thing, and the fulfillment of a moral duty is another. (26) The journalist should have known this too. (27) As well as the fact that each of these people, in general, every person who is able to transgress personal well-being in order to help another person, is capable of much more. (28) It is such a person who will not allow a collision, a conflict between personal interest and public interest.
(29) One originates in the other. (30) Big - in small, great - in big.
(According to G.N. Bocharov*)
*Gennady Nikolaevich Bocharov(born in 1935) - journalist, publicist, political commentator.
Source not defined
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