One of the basic forms of syntactic analysis is the parsing of a sentence by the members of the sentence. This allows you to track the nature of the links between different CLs of the sentence, determine the specifics of intonation, and also find the phrases used in the sentence. Despite the fact that such an analysis is taught from school, many people encounter a number of difficulties when performing such an analysis, and turn to the network for help. Below I will consider the scheme of such an analysis of the CL of a proposal, give the features of its key steps, and also tell you if there are online resources that can help us in performing analyzes of this type.
Why parse a sentence into parts of speech?
It has importance for the formation and training of spelling literacy in people, honing the necessary spelling skills.
This is especially important in today's educational environment, when:
- falls middle level independent reading;
- there is an insufficient number of manuals on the method of spelling;
- overall level goes down cognitive interest at students.
When you regularly parse a proposal by members, you perform several basic tasks at once:
- Get acquainted directly with a lot of syntactic constructions in sentences;
- Learn to express your thoughts both directly and metaphorically, hone your logical thinking;
- Express your thoughts both orally and in writing;
- Prevent the appearance of various speech errors;
- Learn to ask the right questions.
According to the existing methodology, syntactic parsing of a sentence is possible in three main forms:
- Formal form (members of the proposal are distinguished by questions);
- Semantic form (subject, object, predicate, etc. are distinguished);
- Communicative form (theme and rheme will stand out, that is, given and new information).
In this case, sentences are usually analyzed in which their formal structure does not conflict with the communicative and semantic structure.
How to Parse a Sentence
The implementation of this analysis involves following the methodological template, which consists of the following:
- We determine whether this sentence is simple or complex (that is, how many grammatical bases are in it - if one, then simple, if two or more - complex);
- We identify the sentence by the purpose of its statement (it is narrative, interrogative or incentive);
- What is it in terms of intonation (exclamatory or non-exclamatory).
If this sentence is simple, then we determine its further typology:
- We establish whether our proposal is widespread or non-common (that is, if it has only main members, then it is non-common, and if, in addition to the main members, there are secondary ones, it is common);
- We analyze it into main (subject and predicate) and secondary members of the sentence (definition, addition, circumstance), identify what part of speech they are expressed;
- We single out homogeneous members of the sentence (if any), that is, are there members that answer the same question and are associated with the same word.
If this sentence is complex, then:
Features of parsing
When performing this type of parsing, it is necessary to remember that:
- Any grammatical concept is expressed by the unity of its grammatical features;
- One word cannot be different members of a sentence;
- The greatest difficulty is the differentiation of secondary members of the sentence being analyzed, which are expressed by a noun.
Online resources for parsing proposals by members
In Runet, there are practically no network resources that allow you to parse a sentence online. This is primarily due to the complexity of developing such tools. For example, the same word in a sentence can have a different semantic load. At the same time, in the English-speaking segment, there are a number of such services that allow you to parse English-language sentences by sentence members online.
In particular, I would like to draw the reader's attention to the following resources:
Let's now take a look at a few proposals for CL in practice.
Example #1
“White, yellow and blue butterflies fluttered over the dandelions.”
This offer:
- simple;
- has a narrative character (tells us about something);
- common (has members other than the main one);
- non-exclamatory;
- complicated by uniform definitions.
In terms of parts of speech, it looks something like this:
Example #2
“Children were decorating a New Year tree, my wife was preparing a festive dinner, my mother helped her.”
This offer:
- complex (has three grammatical bases);
- has a narrative character;
- common;
- non-exclamatory.
The parts of speech are as follows:
Example #3
"The holidays have arrived."
This is a simple declarative sentence, it is also not widespread and non-exclamatory.
Conclusion
The online resources available on the net do not provide a full opportunity to analyze the proposals for the CL. Therefore, it is recommended to use the methodology given in the article, and hone your own knowledge, skills in parsing the sentences you need.
Today we continue to study a complex sentence, in this lesson we will learn how to parse it.
1. Determine the type of sentence according to the purpose of the statement ( narrative, interrogative, imperative).
2. Determine the type of sentence by intonation ( exclamatory, non-exclamatory).
3. Highlight simple sentences as part of a complex, identify their foundations.
4. Determine the means of communication of simple sentences in a complex one ( allied, non-union).
5. Select minor members in each of the parts complex sentence, indicate whether it is common or non-common.
6. Mark availability homogeneous members or appeals.
Proposal 1 (Fig. 1).
Rice. 1. Offer 1
The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex (has two grammatical bases), allied (connected by the union and), and the first and second parts are uncommon (Fig. 2).
Rice. 2. Analysis of proposal 1
Proposition 2 (Fig. 3).
Rice. 3. Offer 2
The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, non-union. The first part is widespread (there is a definition), the second is not common (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. Analysis of sentence 2
Perform syntactic analysis of the sentence (Fig. 5).
Rice. 5. Offer
The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, allied. The first part is common, complicated by homogeneous predicates. The second part is common.
Rice. 6. Analysis of the offer
Bibliography
1. Russian language. Grade 5 In 3 parts Lvov S.I., Lvov V.V. 9th ed., revised. - M.: 2012 Part 1 - 182 p., Part 2 - 167 p., Part 3 - 63 p.
2. Russian language. Grade 5 Tutorial in 2 parts. Ladyzhenskaya T.A., Baranov M.T., Trostentsova L.A. and others - M.: Enlightenment, 2012. - Part 1 - 192 p.; Part 2 - 176 p.
3. Russian language. Grade 5 Textbook / Ed. Razumovskaya M.M., Lekanta P.A. - M.: 2012 - 318 p.
4. Russian language. Grade 5 Textbook in 2 parts Rybchenkova L.M. and others - M .: Education, 2014. - Part 1 - 127 p., Part 2 - 160 p.
1. Website of the festival of pedagogical ideas "Open Lesson" ()
Homework
1. What is the order parsing complex sentence?
2. What are the complex sentences for the means of communication between the parts?
3. Underline the grammatical foundations in the sentence:
The hurried dawn was approaching, the heavenly heights brightened.
Syntactic parsing of a sentence is a detailed analysis of a sentence, divided into several components. Thanks to this method, students will test their knowledge of the syntax of the Russian language. AT educational institutions parsing is the last chapter in the syntax section, as it provides an opportunity to use previously acquired knowledge in a complex way.
How to parse a proposal
Parsing is a logical and step-by-step process. Used at school two types of parsing: oral and written. Their difference lies in the fact that in writing - parts of speech are marked schematically, and in oral they are pronounced.
Step by step analysis:
- Define, what is the purpose carries an offer. If the author is trying to tell something - narrative, ask - interrogative, induce to some kind of action incentive.
- Emotional color on the letter is expressed by the presence of an exclamation mark. If you see an exclamation point at the end, then the sentence is an exclamation point. If it is not there, it is non-exclamatory.
- count the number grammatical foundations. One grammatical basis- simple, somewhat - complex.
- Describe the connection between the parts of the sentence is allied or non-union.
- Determine how the parts communicate with each other: unions (subordinating or composing) or intonation (punctuation marks).
- Depending on unions characterize the type: compound, compound or non-union.
- Analyze each part on the following parameters: the presence of main and secondary members, the search for complicating factors (homogeneous members, introductory constructions, interjections, appeals).
- Chart sentences, graphically highlighting the components.
Note! The syntactic analysis of a complex sentence differs from the simple one only in the number of grammatical bases. Because of this, some actions (step 7) are repeated.
The best services for online analysis
Lexis Res
The Lexis Res website is one of the best services for parsing by members on English language. Main advantage – detailed description all meanings of a single word, which will help users who learn English.
The interface consists of two buttons. Team " Analyze» starts the process. The results are available at the bottom of the page. Function " Random sentences» will allow you to get acquainted with the work of the site on the example of a random offer.
pros:
- Detailed parsing.
- No annoying ads.
- Wide functionality of the service.
- Minimalist interface.
- Extensive database of words.
Minuses:
- The resource is adapted only for English expressions.
- Lack of graphic designations.
- Without proper knowledge foreign language reading detailed explanations will be difficult.
Delph-in
The Delph-in service is another English-language resource dedicated to parsing. Uniqueness is that it uses the programming language Linguistic Knowledge Builder, which is used in foreign universities.
Using the Linguistic Knowledge Builder method gives benefits in terms of detail and its components. The English Resource Grammar technology, which is also used in foreign education, is responsible for visualization. 
Advantages:
- Great for exploring narrowly focused offers.
- A huge number of tools for parsing by parts of speech.
- There is no limit on the number of characters.
disadvantages:
- People who have a good base of English will be able to fully work with the service.
- Cumbersome interface, the development of which will take time.
MorphologyOnline
The MorphologyOnline website is a Russian-language resource dedicated to syntax. The site interface fits in one button. From user required enter the required word, and the program will analyze it.
For the convenience of users, the service provides step-by-step verification. In most cases, the verification process is carried out in three stages: the definition of the part of speech, morphological features and the likely syntactic role. 
pros:
- Detailed analysis.
- Site operation.
- No ads.
Minuses:
- Parsing is carried out within a single word.
- The main focus of the resource is on morphology.
- Narrow specialization.
Gramota.ru
Gramota.ru is a Russian-language site that parses the requested word. submitted service provides checking the selected word not only for syntactic and morphological features, but runs the selected word through all popular dictionaries, including a dictionary of specialized terms. 
Advantages:
- Detailed analysis of the word, including the search for meaning in dictionaries.
- Nice user interface.
- Possibility to choose criteria.
disadvantages:
- The program parses one word at a time.
- The site is more focused on morphological analysis.
goldlit
The Goldlit website is one of the best portals for parsing. Key advantage before Russian-speaking competitors - the ability to analyze proposals in their entirety.
The algorithm of actions is extremely simple: the user enters a phrase or word. The portal processes the information and parses each word separately. Near each member the initial forms of the word are written, the part of speech to which it belongs, and then grammatical analysis and declension by cases are performed. 
pros:
- Detailed syntactic and grammatical analysis.
- There are no restrictions on the subject and number of characters.
- Friendly interface.
- The site is easy to learn.
- Additional information on the literature.
Minuses:
- No grammar guides.
- The service is more focused on literature.
Parsing is one of the most difficult topics in the Russian language program. Many do not understand at all what parsing is and what it is for. It is this analysis that allows you to see the structure of the sentence, and this, in turn, increases the level punctuation literacy. You can parse a phrase, a simple sentence and different types complex sentences.
Parsing a phrase
First, from the sentence it is necessary to isolate the phrase of interest to us from the context. Secondly, it is necessary to determine which word is the main one and which is dependent. Determine which part of speech each is. Name the type of syntactic connection inherent in this phrase (coordination, adjacency or control).
Syntactic parsing of a phrase is relatively simple analysis in the syntax section. Let's give an example of parsing the phrase "speaks well". In this phrase, the main word is "says". Says how? Complicated. "Complicated" is a dependent word. The main word "says" is a present tense verb in the indicative mood, third person, singular. "Complicated" is an adverb. The type of connection in the phrase is adjunction.
Sentence parsing
In this part of the article, we will try to explain in an accessible way what the parsing of a sentence is and what stages it consists of. Syntactic parsing of a sentence is an analysis aimed at studying the structure of a sentence and the relationships between its components. Parsing consists of several sequential operations.
Simple Sentence Analysis Scheme
- It is necessary to determine what the sentence is according to the purpose of the statement. All sentences in this regard are divided into narrative, interrogative and incentive. If there is an exclamation mark at the end of the sentence, you must note this and indicate that the sentence is also an exclamation point.
- Find the grammatical basis of the sentence.
- Describe the structure of the sentence. One-part - only the predicate or only the subject in the grammatical basis. In this case, indicate what kind of sentence it is: definitely personal, indefinitely personal, impersonal or nominal. A sentence can be two-part - there is both a subject and a predicate. Indicate whether the proposal is non-common or widespread, that is, whether there are additions, definitions, circumstances in the proposal. If they are (minor members), then the proposal is common; if not, uncommon. You also need to indicate whether the proposal is complete or incomplete. If incomplete, then you need to indicate which particular member of the sentence is missing in it.
- Determine if the sentence is complicated or uncomplicated. Complicated is the sentence in which there are homogeneous members, applications, appeals, introductory words.
- Determine what part of the sentence each word is and what part of speech they are expressed.
- If there are punctuation marks in the sentence, explain their placement.
Now we will explain what the parsing of a simple sentence is, using the example of the sentence: "The girl was sunbathing on the beach and listening to music."
- Narrative, non-exclamatory.
- Grammatical basis: girl - subject, sunbathing - predicate, listening - predicate.
- Bipartite, common, complete.
- The sentence is complicated by homogeneous predicates.
- The girl is the subject expressed by the noun wives. kind in units hours and them. case; sunbathed - a predicate expressed by a past tense verb in singular. hours and wives. kind; on - preposition; beach - a circumstance expressed by the noun husband. kind in units number and suggestions. case; and - connecting union; listened - a predicate expressed by the verb of the past tense in units. hours and wives. kind; music - direct object, expressed by a noun female in units number and blames. case.
Using the example of parsing a phrase and a simple sentence, we explained to you what syntactic parsing is. There are also syntactic analyzes of complex sentences.
In Russian, the process of syntactic analysis is the sequential comparison of words with the selection of a certain subset from the set of all words. The result is a syntactic order, which is used in conjunction with lexical analysis. Syntactic analysis makes it possible to analyze the structure of a sentence, which increases the level of punctuation literacy.
Parsing is acceptable in both simple and complex sentences, as well as in phrases. Each example has its own scenario of analysis, which emphasizes the inherent components. In syntactic analysis, it is necessary to be able to isolate a phrase from sentences, as well as determine whether the sentence is simple or complex. In addition, you should understand how the phrase is built and assign a link type to it. There are such types of communication: coordination, adjacency, control. When parsing, we need to select the desired phrase in the sentence, then set the main word. The next step is to determine the tense, mood, and person and number of the main word. As for the analysis of a simple sentence, it is necessary to initially determine it according to the purpose of the statement, namely, whether it is narrative, motivating or interrogative. Then you need to find the subject and predicate. The next step is to determine the type of proposal - it is one-part or two-part. After we find out the presence in the sentence of words in addition to the subject and predicate, which will allow us to say whether it is common or not common. Next will be the establishment - a complete or incomplete sentence. Consider this example: "I have not listened to music more beautiful than Beethoven." We will consider the proposal simple. Endowed with one grammatical basis - "I did not listen." "I" is the subject, personal pronoun. “I didn’t listen” is a simple verb, a predicate, which includes the particle “not”. The sentence contains the following secondary members "music" - an addition expressed by a noun. "More beautiful" - a definition expressed by an adjective in comparative degree. "Beethoven" - addition, noun. Now you can characterize this sentence - it is narrative, not exclamatory; in structure - simple, since there is one grammatical basis; two-part - there are both main members; common - after all, it contains secondary members; complete - no missing members. There are also no homogeneous members in the proposal.
Using the sequence and rules of parsing, it will not be difficult to make the correct parsing of a sentence, although in terms of parsing speed, a good sixth grader will most likely outrun you.
