The modest American engineer Thomas Midgley hardly guessed that many decades after his death he would be called “a living organism that caused the greatest harm the Earth's ozone layer."
Midgley worked for General Motors and in 1930 invented a substance designed to replace the toxic and harmful coolants that were previously made for household appliances such as refrigerators. Midgley synthesized freon - a gas with high thermodynamic properties, which in a short time received large-scale application in many industries. Freon was used in refrigerators, air conditioners, and also in perfumery for the production of deodorants. Later it turned out that freon, decomposing in the atmosphere, releases chlorine and destroys the ozone layer of the Earth. Greenhouse activity of freon exceeds similar properties carbon dioxide several thousand times. And this terrible substance is still present in modern household appliances.
Humanity refuses to switch to alternative energy sources, despite the experience of Chernobyl and Fukushima. He continues to grow crops with chemical fertilizers and poison himself with synthetic vitamin supplements instead of healthy vitamins from natural products.
“Humanity would rather take care of cooling its asses today than the future of its grandchildren decades from now,” says American environmentalist Martin Flynn.
Freon is not the only example of how technologies that are dangerous for millions of people and for the ecology of the planet simply refuse to go out of use - often despite the existence of serious and much safer alternatives.
Humanity refuses to switch to alternative energy sources, despite the experience of Chernobyl and Fukushima. He continues to grow crops with chemical fertilizers and poison himself with synthetic vitamin supplements instead of healthy vitamins from natural products. Hundreds of millions of women continue to walk in heels, although it has already been proven that heels are no less dangerous than nicotine and fast food.
GMO foods are firmly established on supermarket shelves, and internal combustion engines are in no hurry to give way to less harmful ones. environment structures under the hoods of cars.
The correspondent presents the ten most harmful inventions of mankind, which have firmly established themselves in society over the past 100 years and are not going to become history.
Atomic Energy
Once upon a time, the peaceful atom was called a safe and reliable source of energy and declared the savior of mankind. Entire countries relied on this particular atom - it was predicted to play the role of the gravedigger of the oil industry.
And then Chernobyl happened. And many states have revised plans for the use of nuclear energy. It took more than two decades for the world to recover from terrible disaster. Nuclear energy again had active lobbyists who argued that it was safe.
Then Fukushima struck, once again showing that a peaceful atom can turn into a formidable weapon against its creators.
From an economic point of view, nuclear energy does seem very profitable, experts say. And the ecology of nuclear power plants (at least until the moment of the disaster) is on top.
However, the risks of catastrophe outweigh these benefits, making nuclear energy one of the greatest inventions of mankind, the use of which should be abandoned as soon as possible. So think, for example, members of the German government. This country until recently declared its intention to increase the share of the atom in its energy sector. After Fukushima, the German authorities publicly buried these plans.
But the threat has not passed, experts rush to warn. For example, Turkey intends to launch new reactors to reduce dependence on energy imports. And the Chinese authorities explain their desire to close many coal plants with environmental concerns. Their role in the supply of energy will be played by new nuclear reactors, which are supposed to be more environmentally friendly.
"It's a triumph of hope over fear," says Scientific American columnist David Bello.
Chemical fertilizers
Every gardener knows that it is impossible to grow marketable vegetables and fruits without fertilizers. But natural fertilizers for agriculture on an industrial scale are not enough. In this regard, mankind in the 20th century adopted the achievements of chemistry.
Experts call their widespread use one of the greatest troubles of our time. Thus, the results of a major study by American scientists last year showed that Singapore and Brazil are in the lead in the list of countries that cause serious harm to the planet's ecology. And the main problem in these countries is not the emission greenhouse gases and the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture.
Other states included in the list of the largest pests also abuse chemical fertilizers. These are Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Mexico, Peru.
But, in addition to the deterioration of the environmental situation, chemical fertilizers also pose a direct threat to human health. The dangers of nitrates began to be talked about in the 1980s, and in the 1990s, scientists established a direct link between many agricultural chemicals and the occurrence of cancer.
Gloomy discoveries are made to this day. Recently, American scientists from the University of Washington in Seattle found that the substance atrazine, a fertilizer popular with US farmers, is the cause of the terrible disease gastroschisis (non-union of the abdominal walls) in infants. In the 30 years since the introduction of atrazine in agriculture, the number of cases of this disease in the United States has quadrupled.
Babies conceived in the spring (during the period of active use of chemicals by farmers) are at serious risk, provided that their parents live within a 25-kilometer zone from atrazine spraying sites.
Cloning
Only time travel can argue for the first line in the ranking of the most popular themes of world fiction with cloning. For many decades, science fiction writers have put forward various versions of what will happen to humanity when cloning becomes a reality.
Some promised a brighter future with the ability to treat deadly diseases with artificially grown organs, as well as solve the food problem by cloning animals. However, most others still leaned towards gloomy scenarios.
In medicine, optimists hoped that the clone could be endowed with edited versions of genes, which would make it possible to grow people free from even the hypothetical possibility of serious diseases, such as cancer or Alzheimer's disease.
On the other hand, many scientists believe that cloning comes with risks. For example, with the long-term unpredictability of genetic changes.
Various diseases in the modern world are the result of the accumulation of genetic mutations. The beginning of cloning people can lead to an aggravation of the process, experts fear.
Research data directly indicate that nature has prepared some mechanisms designed to protect natural methods of reproduction. So, a few years ago, scientists from the University of Cambridge found a direct link between the way a child is conceived and the likelihood of developing Beckwith-Wiederman syndrome, a severe hereditary disease that destroys the structure of kidney tissue and increases the risk of cancer.
This syndrome is more common in children conceived by artificial in vitro fertilization (IVF) than in infants born in the traditional way. Manipulations with cells lead to the risk of damage to the genome, which, in turn, provokes hereditary pathologies.
Both IVF and even more manipulative cloning technology damage not so much the very genetic information that is contained in the cell nucleus, but the mechanisms of regulation of the activity of various genes. This hypothesis explains the many failures in animal cloning. Test subjects are often born sick, and in general, the lifespan of clones is less than that of animals conceived in the usual way.
Antibiotics
This invention, once declared a breakthrough in medicine, is now considered dangerous, and experts seriously suggest abandoning the widespread use of antibiotics.
Antibiotics - substances that selectively suppress the vital functions of certain microorganisms, make it possible to easily cope with diseases in a short time, the treatment of which by traditional methods took weeks and months.
Bacteria have learned to adapt to antibiotics, which makes existing drugs less effective and the diseases themselves more aggressive.
However, the large-scale use of antibiotics to treat any sneeze has led to new threats. Bacteria have learned to adapt to antibiotics, which makes existing drugs less effective and the diseases themselves more aggressive. Already today, doctors cannot predict new forms of diseases that appear due to the fact that bacteria get used to antibiotics.
Of course, there are a number of diseases that are difficult to cure without antibiotics, for example, when we are talking about bacterial infections. But the researchers warn: if the townsfolk do not change their attitude to the treatment of colds, then by 2020 the bulk of antibiotics will simply stop working.
High heels
Scientists have been talking about the dangers of high heels for a long time, but the benefits of talking are no more than propaganda of the dangers of smoking. Hundreds of millions of women around the world every day, leaving the house, put on shoes with high heels.
So simple, but extremely effective method to increase their attractiveness and raise self-esteem makes women ignore the words of doctors about the dangers that high heels bring.
And the damage is immeasurable. By lengthening her legs with heels, a woman transfers her body weight to her toes, which provokes the development of arthritis and the formation of bumps on her fingers, says American orthopedist Andrew Goldberg. It is enough to put on heels 7 cm high so that the blood pressure in the fingers increases by 70%.
By lengthening her legs with heels, a woman transfers her body weight to her toes, which provokes the development of arthritis and the formation of bumps on her fingers.
But this is not the biggest problem. Worse, heels shift the body's center of gravity forward, disrupting the natural alignment of the hips relative to the spine when walking. Immediately, the load on the knee joint increases sharply, which increases the chances of arthritis.
Various muscular and nervous diseases, and even schizophrenia, have been added to the list of diseases in which heels are to blame.
And yet the number of supporters of the idea that heels do more good than harm prevails. For example, Italian researcher Maria Cerruto from the University of Verona believes that high heels not only add sexuality to a woman's appearance, but simply improve her sex life. Through her research, she found that women who regularly wear high heels strengthen their pelvic floor muscles.
“Usually women find the specific exercises to train these muscles too hard,” says Cerruto. “And heels could be the solution.”
The Age of Plastic
Plastic bags, which were considered a luxury a few decades ago, have become commonplace today. Each inhabitant of the Earth uses an average of about 500 bags per year.
Plastic recycling has firmly taken its place at the top of the sad list of the main culprits of global warming. Plastic packaging makes up about 10% of all garbage produced by mankind, and burning it leads to huge emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Long-term storage of food in plastic packaging leads to inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and even mass poisoning.
The natural breakdown of polyethylene and other plastics will take centuries, since there are no bacteria in nature capable of processing polymer compounds. Recent studies by American environmentalists show that due to plastic waste, the population of the World Ocean is annually reduced by 100 thousand inhabitants.
Legislative initiatives are already underway in many countries to restrict the use of plastic bags in retail. However, paper bags that can replace them are much more expensive.
Also, numerous research data indicate the dangers of plastic bottles, food containers and other items that the inhabitants of the Earth encounter daily in everyday life. So, long-term storage of food in plastic packaging leads to inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and even mass poisoning.
Aluminum
Aluminum is becoming an increasingly popular material in the industry. It has a number of advantages over other metals - it is lighter with considerable strength, resistant to corrosion. But from the point of view of ecology, this metal is simply a monster.
In the production of 1 ton of aluminum, approximately 40 kg of such toxic substances that are not sympathetic to environmentalists, such as fluorine, sulfur dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides, are emitted into the environment. heavy metals. People who fall into the zone of action of these substances become massively ill with purulent bronchitis and pneumonia.
Aluminum is responsible for an increased risk of anemia and arthritis
The accusations against aluminum do not end there. Doctors believe that aluminum is responsible for the increased risk of anemia and arthritis. In particular, in the blood of arthritis patients there is always a high level of aluminum content. The risk of osteoporosis (bone fragility) also increases dramatically with the accumulation of this metal in the body. There is evidence that aluminum adversely affects nervous system.
In order for aluminum to enter the body, it is not necessary to work in production or eat from aluminum dishes. IN different form it is found in food. Aluminum sulfates are frequent components of canned food and even biscuits. Also these substances are used for technical cleaning drinking water from impurities.
Synthetic vitamins
From the vitamin needle, on which humanity sat down in the second half of the 20th century, it will be very difficult to get off in the 21st century, says American physician Paul Offit, author of the bestseller Do you believe in magic? - a book dedicated to debunking the myths about vitamins.
For decades, mass propaganda has conditioned people to take vitamin supplements, Offit said. It will take just as long for people to wean themselves off the pills and adopt a diet that allows them to get healthy vitamins from food.
Vitamins are vital, but taking them in the form of supplements is only for those people who, due to various circumstances, have developed a serious shortage of them.
Taking supplements threatens backfire healthy people, since their excess is often fraught with the development of dangerous diseases, scientists say.
Thus, studies have shown that large doses of vitamin C, which in the mass consciousness is associated almost with immortality, lead to accelerated formation of kidney stones and, perhaps, its excess is associated with some forms of cancer. Excess vitamin E increases the risk of prostate cancer. And excessive doses of vitamin A make bones more fragile. Excessive doses of iron and calcium included in multivitamin complexes are also dangerous. These substances become toxic in excess concentration.
“Our intuition is not always right,” notes American medical commentator Steven Salzberg. “And just because something is good in small amounts doesn’t mean it won’t be bad in large doses.”
genetically modified organisms
One of the most controversial phenomena of the second half of the 20th century, GMOs, is still the object of fierce discussions between scientists of all stripes. TO beginning of XXI For centuries, it seemed that the advocates of the safety of food products obtained using various genetic technologies had the upper hand.
Although in last years controversy flared up with renewed vigor. Oil in the smoldering fire of the discussion was added by French researcher Gilles-Eric Séralini, professor molecular biology Cannes University.
Together with his colleagues, Séralini spent several years observing laboratory rats fed genetically modified corn. The results of the observations were truly terrible: many rats showed complex pathologies, including tumors of the mammary glands, abnormal formations in the liver and kidneys. All these pathologies were found in experimental animals five times more often than in the same rodents fed on non-GMO corn.
Séralini's data made a lot of noise. The scientist himself, after the publication of the results of the work, also told the world a detective story of obtaining funds for its implementation.
Since official science already considers the harmlessness of GMOs an axiom, it was not possible to obtain money for research that calls into question the generally accepted stereotype.
The work was eventually financed by large French retail chains, trying to protect themselves from new scandals like the famous story when they were accused of an epidemic of mad cow disease due to GMO food.
Many animal studies show that regular consumption of GMO foods leads to health problems.
Séralini's data was published in the respected Food and Chemical Toxicology. Official science subjected his work to harsh criticism, primarily from a methodological point of view. However, the Frenchman had a lot of supporters who said that industry lobbyists were behind the criticism. Their motivation is clear.
“Changing climatic conditions make farming more difficult,” explains Margaret Smith of Cornell University. “And humanity needs any way to increase crops.”
“Many studies involving animals show that regular consumption of GMO foods leads to health problems,” says American physician Michael Wald. “They primarily affect the stomach and intestines, and in some cases the liver, kidneys and lungs.”
However, there is not enough evidence that people suffer from these problems, says Smith. Further research is needed.
Internal combustion engines
Someday Elon Musk and his company Tesla Motors will be declared the saviors of mankind from a climate catastrophe, Canadian environmentalist Michael Flynn is sure. This is provided, of course, that the world can really cope with global warming, he adds.
Musk, often referred to as the next Steve Jobs, rose to fame as one of the co-founders of PayPal. He later founded SpaceX, which pioneered private space exploration, but Lately he is more often featured in the media as the father of the first truly interesting electric vehicles.
They are interesting, according to Flynn, because they can attract a consumer looking for comfort and prestige in a car. Until now, electric cars have been boring and small vehicles that only seriously concerned about the environment could voluntarily get into, says Flynn.
Tesla Motors sells big and beautiful electric cars. And this is a step into the future - gasoline engines will soon become history. The success of Tesla Motors is spurring classic manufacturers one by one to announce new fuel-free models.
A mass rejection of internal combustion engines would lead to a significant change in the ecological picture of the world, experts say. In particular, ecologists have calculated that in any typical metropolis, cars are the source of about 70% of the thermal energy that the city releases into the environment. It is also estimated that cars account for 20% of all carbon dioxide emissions.
Thus, gasoline engines are second on the list of global warming culprits after fossil fuel power plants.
Municipal educational institution Gymnasium №9 Research On the topic: The most harmful achievements of civilization Completed by: Grishchenko German Alekseevich Student 10 "B" class 2018 Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………… 3 2.Theoretical part Chapter1. Inventions in human life…………………………………………………. Chapter 4 Contradiction of inventions………………………………………………………. 5 3. Practical part 3.1 Survey……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 3.2 Diagram…… …………………………………………………………………………………. 9 4. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 5. Biblical list…………………………………………………………………… 11 Introduction The purpose of the work is to find information about inventions and identify the most harmful achievements of civilization. The object of the study is the most harmful achievements of civilization. The subject of the study is Negative consequences modern inventions Tasks: - To study the literature, statistical data on this study. -Provide basic information about the dangers of the achievements of civilization. - Analyze the results of surveys and interviews. The subject of the study is the negative consequences of modern inventions Research methods: Theoretical - the study of literature, Internet resources relevant to the topic; Practical - the study of public opinion, the analysis of statistical data. 3 Chapter 1 Since ancient times, man has wanted to free himself from physical effort or lighten it. Carrying weights, people invented carts, because it is easier to roll. Then they adapted animals - oxen, deer, dogs, horses. So there were wagons, carriages. In the carriages, people strived for comfort, improving everything more and more. The whole history of mankind testifies that man is endowed with the gift of inventing, and his desire to invent is immeasurable. Human inventions include such impressive things as the airplane, the computer and the telephone, which significantly changed the world, as well as introduced the principles and methods that are successfully used in Everyday life. Today we live in fairly comfortable conditions, thanks to the achievements of civilization and enjoy its benefits, which we received as a result of numerous discoveries and inventions of mankind. Getting used to such a comfortable, modern life we perceive all these achievements as an integral part of our modernity. Of course, we are grateful to all those who filled our life with discoveries and inventions, thereby making it much easier, making it more comfortable and interesting. The possibilities of human choice are enormous, both in means of transport, means of communication, and in various multimedia means. We cannot imagine our life without mobile phones, computers, TVs and other benefits. But due to the fact that recently more and more often a warning has been heard to mankind about the reverse side of all these “super achievements”, one has to think: are these achievements of mankind really so dangerous, and which of them is the most dangerous? 4 Chapter 2 The achievements of civilization are not only beneficial, but also harmful. It touches many aspects of human life. Consider what achievements of scientific and technological progress bring not only relief, but also harm, and significant. 1 Nuclear power. Despite the fact that one nuclear reactor produces a million kilowatt-hours of electrical energy per hour, while not burning fossil fuels, a nuclear power plant still produces much more dangerous waste - radioactive. The half-life of some of them is several billion years. And having accumulated once in the human body, many of them are no longer excreted. 2 Genetically modified foods. Genetically modified foods are the answer of scientists to solve the problem of eliminating hunger on Earth. In the modern world, genetically modified foods (GMOs) are poorly studied. And such developments cause a mixed reaction in all countries of the world. GMOs are obtained by introducing so-called “target genes” into the genetic structure of an organism. This is done in order to endow plants with new properties. For example, a scorpion gene was used to create a drought-tolerant wheat variety. Scientists have successfully introduced new genes into dozens of species of plants and animals - creating tobacco plants with luminous leaves, tomatoes that easily tolerate frost, and corn that is resistant to pesticides. No one has proven it is safe, some Russian scientists warn. Others - regret that in the Russian Federation there are no fields where "artificial" plants are grown 3 Car. The mass distribution of cars brings a serious problem of environmental pollution. In the air of big cities by reason of being huge amount vehicles contain carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, heavy metal compounds. 5 4 TVs. They emit radiation that is harmful to health. It is especially harmful to stay near computers for many hours 5 Mobile phones. Their radiation causes brain tumors, as well as impotence in men. In this case, it is short-wave radiation that acts on the brain, the most dangerous because it can cause irreversible mutations. 6 Credits. A loan makes it possible to fulfill, so to speak, your dream right here and now. No need to wait a month or a year, the required amount will be in your hands. Let's go to the minus. It lies in the fact that the bank is not interested in your unforeseen circumstances. He does not care that you lost your job or became seriously ill. Of course, the bank, giving out a large amount, also cares a little, so to speak, about its borrowers. He asks for insurance. But this also does not bring much benefit. A delay is also given, but, alas, it often does not help either. That is why many people lose their mortgaged property. 6 7 Internet. The first thing that comes to mind when talking about the dangers of the Internet is the so-called Internet addiction. But to explain what it is, not everyone can. Psychologists distinguish several types of Internet addiction: - An irresistible desire to make more and more new acquaintances, the desire to gain as many “friends” as possible in various social networks. - An obsessive need for the Internet: many hours of debate on forums, participation in various promotions, etc. - Dependence on online games, from which a person literally cannot tear himself away 7 Practical part As part of the study, 50 students of the 10th grade of the “MOU Gymnasium No. 9” were interviewed. Respondents were asked to answer the question, “What achievements of civilization do you consider the most harmful?” -1 Nuclear energy -2 Genetically modified products -3 Car -4 Genetically modified organisms -5 Mobile phones -6 Credits -7 Internet -8 Another option 8 9 Conclusion The discoveries and inventions considered in the work really make a person's life more comfortable, convenient , interesting. But they also identified the other side. That they can carry both benefit and harm. By themselves, the achievements of civilization, in my opinion, can be neither harmful nor useful, and according to the results of the study, we can conclude that all of the above is useful when used correctly. All of them should be used in moderation. We are so accustomed to what surrounds us today that it is impossible to imagine how people used to do without all this ... I wonder what lies ahead for us, and without which we will not be able to live and develop in 100, 200, 500... years. 99 10 "The most harmful achievements of civilization" References 1 Voytyuk T.Yu. "Problems of development of nuclear energy". Minsk 2002 2 I. V. Ermakova. Genetically modified organisms. Sochi 2010 3
Bina Ivanova
See
1) Mankind has created many inventions, among them there are also harmful ones (enumeration)
1) Start with the most global ( atomic bomb, weapons for example) that harms a person. wikipedia... Look at different sites. Further argue what would happen if these inventions did not exist.
2) Further, what destroys nature. For example, cars, the most common thing in the world, but how destructive it is to nature
3) Tell us about the objects that are often used in everyday life, but they greatly damage nature.
4) When describing, try to exaggerate.
5) I wrote an essay once in my life, so don't count on my advice.
HIT - PARADE OF THE MOST HARMFUL ACHIEVEMENTS OF CIVILIZATION
Who said that advertising is the engine of progress? Nothing like this! The mother of all inventions and rationalization proposals is human laziness. In an effort to make their lives easier, people invented the car, the vacuum cleaner, the telephone, and the escalator. Everything would be fine, but many inventions turned into a double-edged sword. Mankind is celebrating victory - there are more losses than gains.
Automobile. With his invention, the "era of gassing" began. The percentage of asthmatics and heart attacks in large industrial centers almost doubled. This is due to exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide, salts of heavy metals and other harmful substances.
Precautionary measures:
- Gases are heavier than air, they accumulate about a meter from the ground, therefore, when standing at a bus stop, it is better to hold children in your arms.
- Regularly take antioxidants to neutralize free radicals in the body.
- At least once a week, make up for the lack of fresh air by walking in ecologically clean areas.
- If you have a choice, give preference to housing in a high-rise building.
Refrigerators and deodorants. Many modifications of these achievements of civilization contain freon - a gas that destroys the ozone layer that protects us from harmful radiation from outer space. Most of all "holes" in the atmosphere over Antarctica and Australia. Residents of the latter are leading in the number of patients with skin cancer.
Precautionary measures:
- Do not buy refrigerators and deodorants released before 1996 - they work on the basis of freon.
- Use cosmetics with a high level of UV protection.
Herbicides, pesticides and nitrates. There are undoubtedly fewer weeds and pests, and more crops from the fields. And those for whom this harvest is intended? For reference: pesticides are not just toxic and carcinogenic, they tend to accumulate in the body, poisoning it slowly but surely.
Precautionary measures:
- Try to buy vegetables and fruits from trusted people who process their plots minimally.
- Do not use for further cooking water where vegetables were cooked, "suspected" in the presence of pesticides.
- Remember: most of all nitrates are found in the core of carrots, upper leaves of cabbage, peel of zucchini, in the legs of mushrooms and stalks of dill, parsley.
- Harvest vegetables in the morning when their nitrate content is at a minimum.
- Shred greens just before eating - in chopped vegetables, the process of converting nitrates to nitrites is especially fast.
- Use ascorbic acid - it has the ability to neutralize nitrates.
preservatives.
Experts have found that some approved preservatives and emulsifiers are carcinogenic.
Precautionary measures:
- Refuse to buy "long-playing" products (cakes, muffins, cookies, soda).
- Instill in children the idea that clogging the body with food with a long shelf life is life-threatening.
10 Most Harmful Achievements of Civilization.wmv
People of today are surrounded by many new inventions, but few people think about where they came from and how they influenced our lives.
The basis of all world discoveries are both useful and funny, unnecessary, and, unfortunately, very dangerous inventions.
This article is about what innovations modern world sooner or later can destroy humanity.
Nuclear weapon
To date, this type of weapon is concentrated in several countries of the world: Great Britain, Russia, China, France, the USA, etc. At one time, Ukraine was the third country in the world in terms of nuclear arsenal capacity, but in 1994 we abandoned it.
Nuclear weapons pose a particular danger to the lives of people all over the planet. In the event of a nuclear war, everything will be destroyed. So, if the dams of hydraulic structures are destroyed, there will be a flood, if nuclear power plants are destroyed - a significant increase in the radiation level, infection of agricultural crops, which will lead to a famine in the future. If nuclear strike will be inflicted in winter, people who can survive will simply die from the cold, since they will have nowhere to live.
The detrimental outcome of the long-term use of nuclear weapons will be the destruction of the ozone layer, which ultimately will have a detrimental effect on all living things.
Thus, a nuclear war will not be able to resolve interstate problems, it will simply cause a climate catastrophe (cold, massive fires), an increase in cancer among surviving people and, in the future, the death of all living things.
Nuclear power
A very topical issue of the present time is insecurity nuclear power plants. Many countries of the world are discussing the topic of abandoning this type of energy, because accidents at nuclear power plants always threaten global environmental disasters. To take only the example of 1986 on Chernobyl nuclear power plant, which led to the strongest large-scale radioactive contamination territory of Ukraine and Europe, as well as to the disease of thousands of people.
Today the situation with nuclear power plants in Ukraine is deplorable. Nuclear reactors are already old and unable to operate normally, but the power engineers do not want to take this into account and continue to operate as usual. Such actions only increase the likelihood of further accidents.
The only benefit of nuclear energy is that such electricity is cheap. But you can't run away from reality: the longer countries don't abandon the use of nuclear power plants, the more nuclear waste will be generated, which will be dangerous for at least another million years. Nuclear energy also contributes to the emergence of the greenhouse effect and an increase in terrorism (after all, nuclear weapons are made with the help of nuclear reactors).
Chemical fertilizers
The basis of chemical fertilizers was laid in the mid-1930s, but only recently (XX century) did their mass production and use begin.
Today, the most popular and common are phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers.
Among scientists around the world, opinions differ about the dangers of this kind of fertilizer. On the one hand, the world's population is growing, daily requiring an increasing amount of plant and animal food, and the world's cultivated areas occupy only 15% of the Earth's surface, and it is simply impossible to increase them in a short time without chemical fertilizers. On the other hand, if you use them constantly, then the biological cycle of plants is disrupted, which necessarily leads to soil erosion, as well as the destruction of microorganisms and insects in it. Then the gradual death of fish and other animals begins, as fertilizers enter water bodies through groundwater.
One way or another, this controversial issue must be resolved, and immediately. To do large crops in order to obtain more material resources will not lead us to good. Chemical fertilizers are a kind of slow weapon for the destruction of the flora and fauna of the planet, as well as the emergence of dangerous diseases.
Internal combustion engine
Environmentalists have long referred to internal combustion engines powered by diesel or gasoline as one of the worst inventions of mankind.
They emit heavy metals into the atmosphere, which burns atmospheric oxygen, poisoning the people carbon monoxide, contribute to the creation of the greenhouse effect (climate warming, drought).
According to World Organization health care, such emissions reduce human life expectancy by an average of 4 years.
Improper disposal of used oils, engine batteries is slowly poisoning us and our nature.
Freon
Freon was synthesized in 1928 by an American chemist. Since this gas has high thermodynamic properties, it soon became widely used in the production of air conditioners, refrigerators, as well as aerosols and perfumes. Only in the 80s, scientists proved that, decomposing in the atmosphere with the release of chlorine, freon destroys the ozone layer, and if the gas is heated above 250 ° C, very toxic products are formed that can be a strong toxic agent.
Polyethylene
This material has found widespread use in the production of packaging films, bags, pipes and toys. The danger lies in the fact that during its combustion harmful substances are released, and in the ground it does not decompose at all. According to environmental scientists, the number of ocean inhabitants is reduced by more than 100,000 units per year due to polyethylene waste.
Also, various unhealthy microorganisms, including yeast fungi and E. coli bacteria, intensively accumulate and multiply on polyethylene. Thus, if you store products for a long time in bags or under a film of this material, they not only acquire an unpleasant smell and taste, but also lead to inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and severe poisoning.
genetically modified organisms
The issue of safety of products with GMOs is very relevant today. Much has not been proven, but animal studies make you wonder.
Supporters of the use of GMOs have been arguing for several decades that such technologies will help humanity cope with the growing problem of hunger, but, as other scientists have found out, the use of genetically modified foods can cause all kinds of mutations, and new types of allergies, and pathologies of internal organs, and infertility .
Antibiotics
Today modern man increasingly dependent on medications. There are certainly benefits from drugs. But you need to remember and understand that not all over-the-counter pills are safe.
There is a widespread belief that by taking an antibiotic, a person recovers faster. But it's not. The fact is that such drugs only block the reproduction of bacteria or, at best, kill them, but this is where their “duties” end.
Antibiotics are very toxic. They poison almost the entire body. First, the liver is under attack, then the immune system, kidneys and other organs.
By killing bacteria in the body, antibiotics arrange the so-called evolutionary selection, which is characterized by the emergence of mutant bacteria that could survive and adapt.
Conclusion
"Why was all this invented?" - the question is relevant, but, unfortunately, there is no answer yet. On the one hand, there are positive arguments in favor of such inventions, and on the other hand, one cannot use for good that which brings evil. Decision-making on the use of the same nuclear facilities or GMOs is not provided ordinary people. Scientists play with science, with nature. Let's see what this will lead to in the future.
Palamarchuk Irina
On September 3, 1864, perhaps one of the most significant explosions in the history of mankind thundered in one of the laboratories in Stockholm. The incident occurred during experiments on nitroglycerin, which were conducted by Alfred Nobel.
Unfortunately, the explosion turned out to be of such force that it wiped the entire laboratory off the face of the earth, and with it claimed the lives of five assistants and younger brother Alfred - Emil. Their father could not survive this grief, as a result of which he had a stroke.
Nevertheless, Alfred found the strength to continue experiments on the explosive substance. For three years, the scientist tried to stabilize this easily exploding substance. In the end, he succeeded: Nobel mixed nitroglycerin with an adsorbing substance, diatomaceous earth. The resulting mixture was patented by Alfred Nobel on November 25, 1867 under the name "dynamite".
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The plot of the TV channel Da Vinci on YouTube
Alfred Nobel and dynamite
SmartNews has compiled a list of the 10 most dangerous inventions of mankind
NUCLEAR WEAPON
Of course, humanity, in its entire history, has not yet created a weapon more powerful and more deadly than the atomic bomb. Currently, according to official data, the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France, and China possess nuclear weapons. The total power of these charges, with simultaneous detonation, will be able to break the globe in half. But this scenario is unlikely, unlike the 3rd World War.
In the event of a nuclear war, everything will be destroyed. If a nuclear strike is delivered in winter, people who can survive will simply die from the cold, since they will have nowhere to live. The detrimental outcome of the long-term use of nuclear weapons will be the destruction of the ozone layer, which will ultimately have a detrimental effect on all living things.
Thus, a nuclear war will not be able to resolve interstate problems, it will simply cause a climate catastrophe (cold, massive fires), an increase in cancer among surviving people and, in the future, the death of all living things.
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Video: An excerpt from the film produced by the Wings of Russia studio on YouTube
Most powerful explosion in human history
NUCLEAR POWER
Currently, experts from all over the world are raising the question of the insecurity of nuclear power plants. Many countries of the world are discussing the topic of abandoning this type of energy, because accidents at nuclear power plants always threaten global environmental disasters. A prime example the accident in 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and in 2011 at the Japanese Fukushima-1 station can serve as an example.
The only benefit of nuclear energy is that such electricity is very cheap. But you can't run away from reality: the longer countries don't abandon the use of nuclear power plants, the more nuclear waste will be generated, which will be dangerous for at least another million years. In addition, nuclear energy contributes to the emergence of the greenhouse effect and an increase in terrorism (after all, nuclear weapons are made with the help of nuclear reactors).
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Video: DokumentalnoyeKino on YouTube
Chernobyl, Chernobyl 1986, liquidation.
CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS
The basis of agrochemistry was laid in the 30-40s of the 19th century by the Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Boussingault and the German Justus Liebig, but the mass production of chemical fertilizers began in the 20th century. In recent years, the volume of their consumption reaches 160 million tons, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are the most common. Meanwhile, their constant use disrupts the biological cycle of plants, leads to soil erosion, the destruction of microorganisms and insects in it. Through groundwater, fertilizers enter water bodies and cause the death of fish and other animals.
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Video: Channel4EKB on YouTube
Ural cows are dying from Chinese fertilizers
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
The work of these engines is provided by gasoline and diesel fuels, the combustion of which annually releases millions of tons into the atmosphere. toxic substances. Environmentalists have long classified internal combustion engines as one of the most dangerous inventions of mankind. Their harm, for example, unlike nuclear weapons, lies in the fact that it does not manifest itself immediately. These engines emit heavy metals into the atmosphere, which burn atmospheric oxygen, poison people with carbon monoxide, and contribute to the creation of the greenhouse effect (warming climate, drought).
According to the World Health Organization, such emissions reduce human life expectancy by an average of 4 years. Improper disposal of used oils, engine batteries is gradually poisoning all of humanity and the nature of the planet.
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Video: Aleksei Zablodsky on YouTube
Global Atmospheric Pollution from Exhaust Gases
FREON
Freon was synthesized in 1928 by American chemist Thomas Midgley Jr. Since this gas has high thermodynamic properties, it soon became widely used in the production of air conditioners, refrigerators, as well as aerosols and perfumes.
Only in the 80s, scientists proved that, decomposing in the atmosphere with the release of chlorine, freon destroys the ozone layer, and if the gas is heated above 250 ° C, very toxic products are formed that can be a strong toxic agent. At the same time, the greenhouse activity of freon is 1300-8500 times higher than the similar properties of carbon dioxide.
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The plot of the TV channel "Russia-1"
The ozone layer is disappearing over the Arctic
POLYETHYLENE
The inventor of polyethylene is the German Hans von Pechmann, who obtained it in 1898. This material has found widespread use in the production of packaging films, bags, pipes and toys. The danger lies in the fact that during its combustion harmful substances are released, and in the ground it does not decompose at all. According to environmental scientists, the number of ocean inhabitants is reduced by more than 100,000 units per year due to polyethylene waste.
Also, various harmful microorganisms, including yeast fungi and E. coli bacteria, intensively accumulate and multiply on polyethylene. Thus, if you store products for a long time in bags or under a film of this material, they not only acquire an unpleasant smell and taste, but also lead to inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and severe poisoning. According to scientists, 4 trillion plastic bags are used annually in the world, which account for up to 9 percent of all garbage produced by people.
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Video: rialeninsk on YouTube
Polyethylene hazard
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Genetically modified organisms were obtained by American scientists in the early 1980s. In 1988, the first plantings of transgenic cereals appeared in the United States. Now crops with modified genes occupy more than 100 million hectares in the world. Meanwhile, the question of the safety of products with GMOs remains open.
Supporters of the use of GMOs have been arguing for several decades that such technologies will help humanity cope with the growing problem of hunger, but, as other scientists have found out, the use of genetically modified foods can cause all kinds of mutations, and new types of allergies, and pathologies of internal organs, and infertility .
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The plot of the TV channel "Russia-1" on YouTube
What is GMO and what is its danger
ANTIBIOTICS
Today, modern man is increasingly dependent on medications. The benefits of drugs are undeniable, but many people do not understand that over-the-counter drugs can be dangerous for all of humanity. There is a widespread belief that by taking an antibiotic, a person recovers faster. But it's not. The fact is that such drugs only block the reproduction of bacteria or, at best, kill them, but this is where their “duties” end.
Antibiotics are very toxic agents. They poison almost the entire body. First, the liver is under attack, then the immune system, kidneys and other organs. By killing bacteria in the body, antibiotics arrange the so-called evolutionary selection, which is characterized by the emergence of mutant bacteria that could survive and adapt. In the future, this drug no longer has any effect on them. No scientist can predict what mutations viruses can undergo. It is possible that as a result of such mutations, a virus can appear that will destroy the entire population of the planet.
