Molecular level 1 option
1. What is the name of the organic substance, the molecules of which contain C,O,H atoms, which performs an energy and building function?
A- nucleic acid B-protein B- carbohydrate G-ATP
2. What carbohydrates are polymers?
A-monosaccharides B-disaccharides C-polysaccharides
3. The group of monosaccharides includes:
A-glucose B-sucrose C-cellulose
4. nucleic acid monomers are:
A-amino acids B-fats C-nucleotides D-glucose
5. a substance necessary for all chemical reactions in the cell, playing the role of a solvent for most substances, is ...
A- polynucleotide B- polypeptide C- water D-polysaccharide
6. Fats perform a function in the cell:
A - transport B - energy
B - catalytic G- informational
7. What compounds in relation to water are lipids?
A- hydrophilic B- hydrophobic
8. What is the importance of animal fats?
A-structure of membranes B-thermoregulation
B- source of energy D- source of water E- all of the above
9. Protein monomers are:
A-nucleotides B-amino acids C-glucose G-fats
10. what is the name of the reversible process of disruption of the structure of one of the most important organic compounds of the cell, occurring under the influence of physical and chemical factors?
A-polymerization of glucose B-protein denaturation
B- DNA duplication D- fat oxidation
11. The amount of adenine in DNA is always equal to the amount of ...
A - thymine B -guanine C -cytosine D-uracil
12. What order will the nucleotides be in?second strand of DNA and in i-RNA , if the DNA chain has the following composition: TAC - GGT-ATA-GCG-CTT-AAG-CCT-CAT-ATC
chain of amino acids the primary structure of the encoded protein. write down anticodons
tRNA, encoding these amino acids.
Molecular level 2 option
Choose one correct answer
1. How many of the known amino acids are involved in protein synthesis?
A-20 B-100 V-23 G-150
2. The highest energy value (in terms of the amount of energy released from 1 g) has:
A) fat B) starch; B) protein; D) cellulose
3. What compounds are included in DNA?
A - nitrogenous base, deoxyribose, phosphoric acid residue
B-guanine, ribose, phosphoric acid residue.
B-ribose, glycerol and any amino acid
4. Monomers of nucleic acids are:
A-amino acids B-fats B-nucleotides D-glucose
5. What class of chemicals does ribose belong to?
A-protein B - carbohydrate C-lipid
6. What nucleotide is not part of the DNA molecule?
A- adenyl B-uridyl B-guanyl D-thymidyl
7. Which of the nucleic acids has the greatest length?
A-DNA B-RNA
8. The nucleotide is complementary to the guanyl nucleotide:
A-thymidyl B-cytidyl B-adenyl G-uridyl
9. The process of doubling DNA molecules is called:
A-replication B-transcription
B-complementarity G-translation.
10. tRNA:
BUTHave an anticodonB.Carries nucleotides
C. Located in the cytoplasm D. The molecule consists of two chains
11. The amount of guanine in DNA is always equal to the amount of ...
A - thymine B -adenine C -cytosine G-uracil
12. According to the section of codogenic DNA
TAC - AAT-GCG-ATG-CTT-AGT-TTA-GGA -ATT
Build complementary chain
i-RNA
Using a table genetic code, compose chain of amino acids the primary structure of the encoded protein.
write down tRNA anticodons, encoding these amino acids.
A1. Which of the chemical elements is contained in cells in most:
1.nitrogen
2.oxygen
3.coal
4.hydrogen
A2.Name chemical element, which is part of ATP, all protein monomers and nucleic acids.
1)N 2)P 3)S 4)Fe
A3.Specify chemical compound which is NOT a carbohydrate.
1) lactose 2) chitin 3) keratin 4) starch
A4. What is the name of the structure of a protein, which is a helix of a chain of amino acids, coiled in space into a ball?
A5. In animal cells, the storage carbohydrate is:
1. starch
2.cellulose
3.glucose
4.glycogen
A6. The main source of energy for newborn mammals is:
1.glucose
2. starch
3.glycogen
4.lactose
A7. What is an RNA monomer?
1) nitrogenous base 2) nucleotide 3) ribose 4) uracil
A8. How many types of nitrogenous bases are included in the RNA molecule?
1)5 2)2 3)3 4)4
A9. Which nitrogenous base of DNA is complementary to cytosine?
1) adenine 2) guanine 3) uracil 4) thymine
A10. Molecules are the universal biological accumulator of energy.
1).proteins 2).lipids 3).DNA 4).ATP
A11. In a DNA molecule, the number of nucleotides with guanine is 5% of total number. How many nucleotides with thymine are in this molecule
1).40% 2).45% 3).90% 4).95%
A12. What is the role ATP molecules in a cage?
1-provide a transport function 2-transmit hereditary information
3-provide vital processes with energy 4-accelerate biochemical
reactions
IN 1. What are the functions of carbohydrates in the cell?
Catalytic 4) structural
Energy 5) storage
Motor 6) contractile
IN 2. What kind structural components are part of the nucleotides of the DNA molecule?
Various acids
Lipoproteins
Carbohydrate deoxyribose
Nitric acid
Phosphoric acid
IN 3. Establish a correspondence between the structure and function of organic matter and its type:
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF SUBSTANCE
A. consist of residues of glycerol molecules and fatty acids 1. lipids
B. consist of residues of amino acid molecules 2. Proteins
B. Participate in thermoregulation
D. Protect the body from foreign substances
D. are formed due to peptide bonds.
E. They are the most energy intensive.
C1. Solve the problem.
In a DNA molecule there are 1250 nucleotides with adenine (A), which is 20% of their total number. Determine how many nucleotides with thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G) are contained separately in a DNA molecule. Explain the answer.
Total: 21 points
Evaluation criteria:
19 -21 points - "5"
13 - 18 points - "4"
9 - 12 points - "3"
1 - 8 points - "2"
Test. Molecular level. Option 2. Grade 9
A1. The share of four chemical elements accounts for 98% of the total contents of the cell. Indicate a chemical element that is NOT related to them.
1) O 2) R 3) C 4) N
A2. Children develop rickets with a lack of:
1.manganese and iron
2.calcium and phosphorus
3.copper and zinc
4.Sulfur and nitrogen
A3. Name the disaccharide.
1) lactose 2) fructose 3) starch 4) glycogen
A4. What is the name of the structure of a protein, which is a helix that a chain of amino acids is folded?
1) primary 2) secondary 3) tertiary 4) quaternary
A5. In plant cells, the storage carbohydrate is:
1. starch
2.cellulose
3.glucose
4.glycogen
A6. The greatest amount of energy is released during the decomposition of 1 gram:
1.fat
2.squirrel
3.glucose
4.carbohydrates
A7. What is a DNA monomer?
1) nitrogenous base 2) nucleotide 3) deoxyribose 4) uracil
A8. How many polynucleotide strands are included in one DNA molecule?
1)1 2)2 3)3 4)4
A9. Name a chemical compound that is present in RNA but not in DNA.
1) thymine 2) deoxmyribose 3) ribose 4) guanine
A10. Molecules are the energy source of the cell.
1).proteins 2).lipids 3).DNA 4).ATP
A11. In a DNA molecule, the number of nucleotides with cytosine is 5% of the total. How many nucleotides with thymine are in this molecule
1).40% 2).45% 3).90% 4).95%
A12. What compounds make up ATP?
1-nitrogenous base adenine, carbohydrate ribose, 3 molecules of phosphoric acid
2-nitrogen base guanine, fructose sugar, phosphoric acid residue.
3-ribose, glycerol and any amino acid
Part B (choose three correct answers from the six offered)
IN 1. Lipids perform the following functions:
Enzymatic 4) transport
Energy 5) storage
Hormonal 6) transmission hereditary information
IN 2. What are the structural components that make up the nucleotides of an RNA molecule?
Nitrogenous bases: A, U, G, C.
Various acids
Nitrogenous bases: A, T, G, C.
Carbohydrate ribose
Nitric acid
Phosphoric acid
IN 3. Establish a correspondence between the features and the molecules for which they are characteristic.
FEATURES OF THE MOLECULE
A) dissolve well in water 1) monosaccharides
B) have a sweet taste 2) polysaccharides
C) no sweet taste
D) glucose, ribose, fructose
D) insoluble in water
E) starch, glycogen, chitin.
C1. There are 1100 nucleotides with cytosine (C) in the DNA molecule, which is 20% of their total number. Determine how many nucleotides with thymine (T), guanine (G), adenine (A) are contained separately in a DNA molecule, explain the result.
Part A - 1 point (maximum 12 points)
Part B - 2 points (maximum 6 points)
Part C - 3 points (maximum 3 points)
Total: 21 points
Evaluation criteria:
19 - 21 points - "5"
13 - 18 points - "4"
9 - 12 points - "3"
1 - 8 points - "2"
"Molecular Level"
Grade 9
1 option
1. DNA monomer2. Where is the hereditary material located in viruses?A) in the cytoplasm; B) in the nucleus;B) in a special shell.
3. DNA does not contain nucleotides:
a) ribose b) thymine c) uracil
4. Primary protein structure
5. Functions of i-RNAA) stores genetic information; B) collects protein molecules;C) transfers genetic information from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis;D) delivers amino acids to the ribosome.
6. Protein monomerA) an amino acid B) nucleotide;B) monosaccharides; D) glycerol and fatty acids.
7. The correspondence A-T, G-C, A-U is called:
a) transcription b) reduplicationii c) complementarity. DNA strands are held together by:
a) peptide bonds b) ionic bonds in) hydrogen bonds
9. Secondary protein structureA) a chain of amino acids; B) globule;B) a spiral D) several globules assembled into a single complex.
10. Functions of DNAA) stores genetic information; B) delivers amino acids to the ribosome;D) collects protein molecules; D) is involved in protein synthesis.
11. RNA is found in:
a) nucleus b) cytoplasm c) ribosomes
12. The process of losing the natural structure of the protein:
a) renaturation b) denaturation
c) homeostasis
13. Biological catalysts are:
a) antigens b) antibodies c) enzymes
14. Enzyme:
a) accelerates several types of reactions at once
b) works in narrow temperature limits
c) can only work at a certain pH value of the medium
15. Functions of carbohydrates in animal cells:
a) storage b) energy
c) transport
16. Fiber and chitin are examples:
a) polysaccharides b) monosaccharides c) disaccharides
17 .What is the name of organic matter in whose molecules contain C, O, H atoms, which performs an energy and building function?A-nucleic acid B-proteinB-carbohydrate G-ATP
18. What carbohydrates are polymers?A-monosaccharides B-disaccharides B-polysaccharides19. The group of monosaccharides includes:A-glucose B-sucrose B-cellulose 20. What is the role of ATP molecules in a cell?A-provide the transport function B-transmit hereditary information C-provide vital processes with energy G-accelerate bio chemical reactions
21. Define the terms: DNA, RNA, complementarity, nucleotide, cellulose.22. Task: A section of a DNA molecule has the following structure:AATGCGATCTTAGTTTAGG, it is necessary to complete the complementary chain of i-RNA.
Test in biology
"Molecular Level"
Grade 9
Option 2
1. Lipids differ from other substances:a) hydrophilic parts
b) hydrophobic parts
c) solubility in water
2. Protein monomers are:
a) amino acids b) monosaccharides c) nucleotides
3. Proteins are:
a) polynucleotides b) polypeptides
c) polysaccharides
4. Arrange the protein structures in sequence:
a) globule b) polymer chain
c) spiral
5. Hydrogen bonds are found in:
a) proteins b) nucleic acids
c) lipids
6. Not found in RNA:
a) ribose b) adenine c) glycerol
7. RNA most often consist of:
a) one chain b) two chains
c) individual nucleotides
8. Glycogen performs:
a) transport b) catalytic
c) storage function
c) tertiary and secondary; d) tertiary, secondary and primary.
10. Of these compounds, lipid nature has:a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) testosterone; d) penicillin.
11. DNA strands are held together by:
a) peptide bonds b) ionic bonds
c) hydrogen bonds
12. The monomer of fiber, starch, glycogen is1) fructose 2) amino acid 3) glucose 4) ribose13. How many of the known amino acids are involved in protein synthesis?A-20 B-100 V-23
14. What part of the amino acid molecules distinguishes them from each other?A-radical B-carboxyl group C-amino group
15. What compounds are included in ATP?A- adenine, carbohydrate ribose, 3 molecules of phosphoric acidB- guanine, fructose sugar, phosphoric acid residue.B-ribose, glycerol and any amino acid
16. A nucleotide is complementary to a guanyl nucleotide:A-thymidyl B-cytidylB-adenyl G-uridyl
17. Which scientist proposed the term "biology":A) C. Darwin;B) A. Levenguk; C) T. Ruz; D) L. K. Treviranus.
18. Glycogen and cellulose are examples of:
a) polysaccharides b) monosaccharides
c) disaccharides
19. monomers of nucleic acids are:A-amino acids B-fatsB-nucleotides G-glucose
20. What class of chemical substances does ribose belong to?A-protein B-carbohydrate C-lipid
21. A task.In what sequence will the nucleotides be located in the i-RNA if the DNA chain has the following composition: GGTATAGCGTTAAGCCTT.
22. Define the terms: polysaccharides, enzymes,renaturation, monomer, chitin.
Option 1.
1 . The chemical elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen are called...
2. Differences between animate and inanimate nature arise at the ... level.
3. Thyroid hormones contain trace element ….
4. Hemoglobin molecule contains ions….
5. Substances soluble in water are called ....
6. With the complete oxidation of 1 g of lipids, ... energy is released.
7. Amino acids that make up proteins differ from each other ....
8. The process of destruction of the primary structure of the protein is called ....
9. Monomers of nucleic acids are ....
10. Proteins that affect the rate of biochemical processes in the cell are called ....
11. Structural polysaccharide of plants ....
12. Reserve polysaccharide of animals and fungi ….
13. The secondary structure of a protein is ....
14. Proteins actin and myosin perform ... a function.
15. According to the characteristics of monomers, polysaccharides belong to the group of ... biopolymers.
16. The process of synthesis of a new DNA chain on a matrix is called ....
17. Instead of thymine, RNA nucleotides include a nitrogenous base ....
18. A fragment of a DNA molecule encoding one polypeptide is called ....
19. The secondary structure in the form of a clover leaf has a molecule ....
20. Quantitative patterns of the content of nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule established ....
Open type biology tests (tasks - additions) on the topic:
"Molecular level of organization of life" Grade 10.
Instructions for performing tests:
- Read the sentences carefully.
-Choose the necessary words to the places where they are missing.
- Under the appropriate numbers in the notebook, write down only what is missing.
Option 2.
1. At the elemental level, the differences between animate and inanimate nature ....
2. The composition of chlorophyll molecules includes metal ions ....
3. The supporting structures of horsetails and diatoms contain compounds ....
4. Due to the mobility of molecules, water can perform ... a function.
5. In relation to water, lipids and lipoids belong to the group of ... compounds.
6. With the complete oxidation of 1 g of carbohydrates, ... energy is released.
7. Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are synthesized in the body from ...
8. High molecular weight organic compounds, whose molecules are composed of a large number leftovers simple molecules, are called ....
9. Monomers of proteins are ....
10. The process of restoring the natural structure of a protein after reversible denaturation is called ....
11. Structural polysaccharide of animals and fungi ….
12. The main reserve polysaccharide of plants ....
13. The primary structure of a protein is held by ... bonds.
14. Collagen and elastin proteins perform ... a function.
15. Proteins and nucleic acids, according to the characteristics of monomers, belong to the group of ... biopolymers.
16. The process of doubling the DNA molecule is carried out by the enzyme ....
17. DNA polynucleotide chains are located opposite each other according to the principle ....
18. Adenine nucleotides of DNA and RNA are different ....
19. All types of RNA are synthesized in ....
20. Scientists established the macromolecular structure of DNA, and also built a model of the DNA molecule, scientists ... and ....
Answers to tests of an open type (tasks - additions) on the topic:
"Molecular level of organization of life" Grade 10.
| |
|
| option 1 | option 2 |
| 1. organogenic 2. molecular 3. iodine 4. iron. 5. hydrophilic 6. 38.9 kJ 7. radicals 8. destruction 9. nucleotides 10. enzymes 11. cellulose 12. glycogen 13. spiral 14. motor 15.regular (periodic) 16.replication (reduplication) 17. uracil 18. gene 19. tRNA 20. E. Chargaff | 1. absent 2. magnesium 3. silicon 4. transport 5. hydrophobic 6. 17.2 kJ 7. cholesterol 8. biopolymers 9. amino acids 10. renaturation 11. chitin 12. starch 13. peptide 14. structural 15.irregular (heteropolymers) 16. DNA synthetase (DNA polymerase) 17. complementarity 18. pentose 19. core 20. D. Watson and F. Crick |
Criteria for evaluating works:
score 5 with 18-20 correctly completed tasks;
score 4 with 15-17 correctly completed tasks;
score 3 with 12-14 correctly completed tasks;
score 2 with 11 or less correctly completed tasks.
Tests of this kind allow for a short time test knowledge, and the possibility of guessing is excluded.
Pasechnik N. V. MBOU School No. 17 in Feodosia
Choose one correct answer:
Of the listed elements in living cells, the greatest amount is present:
a) magnesium; b) nitrogen; c) phosphorus;G)carbon.
The tertiary structure of transport proteins and enzymes in the process of performing their functions:
a) does not change; b) changes;in)negoes into the secondary structure;d) goes into a quaternary structure.
During protein denaturationnot happening
destroying them:
but)primary structure;b) secondarystructures; c) tertiary structure;
d) quaternary structure.
Polymers include:
but) cellulose, sucrose, starch;b) inulin, glycogen, ribose;in)starch, inulin, cellulose;d) keratin, lecithin, fructose.
Function of mRNA:
a) is part of the ribosome; b) transports amino acids; c) storage of hereditary information; G)code transmissionhereditary information about the primary structure of the protein.
ATP is an important molecule in metabolism because:
but)it contains high-energy phosphate bonds;+
b) its phosphate bonds are very easily formed, but not easily broken;
c) it can be quickly obtained from the environment surrounding the body;
d) it is exceptionally stable.
The protein that is part of feathers, hair, horns, nails:
a) actin;b)keratin;+
c) tubulin;d) myosin.
From the following mineral elementsis not necessary for plants:a) potassium; b) magnesium; c) calcium;G)lead.
Reserve nutrient of fungiis:
a) starch;b)glycogen; c) inulin;d) cellulose.
Substance poorly soluble in water:
but)heparin;b) glucose;c) vitamin C;d) mineral salts.
11. Which substance is hydrophilic?
a) lipid; b) cellulose;in)sucrose; d) chitin.
12 . organic matter that provide storage of hereditary information is:
a) proteins; b) fats; c) carbohydrates;G)nucleic acids.
13 . Hydrolysis of starch to glucose:
a) pepsin;b)amylase; c) lipase; d) trypsin.
14 . What substance is shown in the picture?
a) DNA, b) RNA,in)ATP, d) protein
15. Proteins that can speed up chemical reactions perform the following functions in the cell:
a) hormonal; b) signal;in)enzymatic; d) information.
16. For a piece of DNAACCGATTGG indicate the complementary chain:
a) AAGGTCAGT;b)TGGCTAACC; c) TTSGTTATCG; d) TGGCATTATS.
17. The hydrolysis of fats to fatty acids and glycerol carries out:
a) pepsin; b) amylase;in)lipase; d) trypsin.
18. Specify a pair of complementary nucleotides in a DNA molecule:
a) A=G;b)A=T; c) A=U; d) A=C.
a) mushroomsb)viruses; c) bacteria; d) plants.
20. Choose a disaccharide:
but)sucrose; b) ribose; c) glucose; d) starch.
Select several about option ov response :
The source of energy for metabolism can be:
but)proteins;+
b)fats; +
c) fat-soluble vitamins;G)carbohydrates; +
e) mineral salts; e) water.
Phosphoric acid is part of the substances:
but)DNA; b) proteins;in)RNA; d) amino acids; e) carbohydrates;e)ATP.
The polysaccharides are:
but)glycogen; b) sucrose;in)cellulose;G)murein; e) maltose; e) fructose.
Lipids in living organisms play a role:
a) enzymatic;b)reserve;in)structural;G)protective; e) receptor; e) motor.
The nucleotide contains:
but)phosphoric acid residue; b) amino acids; c) lipids; d) enzymes;
e)ribose or deoxyribose carbohydrate;e)nitrogenous base.
Select with one answer from four possible but requiring pre-multiple choice:
Compared to the extracellular environment, the concentration of ions in the cytoplasm of a neuron is increased -I) sodium,II) potassium,III) calcium,IV) chlorine,V) magnesium.
but)I,
II;
b)I,
IV;
in)II,
V;
G)II,
III.
DNA in eukaryotic cells is located in -I) cytoplasm,II) core,III) mitochondria,
IV) lysosomes,V) ribosomes:
but)I,
II,
III,
V; b)I,
II,
IV;
in)II,
III; G)II,
V.
Living organisms use as a transport form of carbohydrates:
I) starch,II) glucose,III) glycogen,IV) sucrose,V) maltose.
but)II,
V;
b)I,
IV;
in)II,
IV;
G)II,
V.
4. In living organisms, the transport function is performed by proteins:
I) hemoglobin,II) hemocyanin,III) catalase,IV) globulins,V) elastin.
but)I, II, III, V; b)I, II, IV; in)II, III; G)II, V.
Match the names of proteins (A-E) with their functions in the human body (1-5).
Protein
A. Trypsin
B. myosin
B. Hemoglobin
G. Keratin
D. Antibodies
Function
1. Structural
2. catalytic
3. Protective
4. Motor
5. Transport
Function
1
2
3
4
5
Protein
GG
BUTBUT
DD
BB
ININ
Establish a correspondence between the features of carbohydrate molecules and their types:
Features of molecules
Types of carbohydrates
1. Monomer
BUT- cellulose
2. Polymer
3. Dissolve in water
B- glucose
4. Do not dissolve in water
5. Included in the cell walls of plants
6. Included in cell sap
Features of molecules
1
2
3
4
5
6
Types of carbohydrates
BG
BUTBUT
BD
BUTB
BUTIN
A judgment is given, with each of which one must either agree or reject.
organogenic chemicals are:O, C, H, N. +
DNA is composed of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphoric acid residue. -
The monomers of DNA and RNA are nucleotides.+
Amino acid protein monomers.+
Lipids are hydrophilic in relation to water.-
When splitting 1 g of fat, 17.6 kJ of energy is released.-
Magnesium is part of chlorophyll.+
Most enzymes are proteins.+
RNA is a double unbranched linear polymer.-
Sucrose belongs to disaccharides, found only in plants, where it is the main transported substance.+
