Saturn's moon Titan is one of the most mysterious and interesting worlds located literally next door to us. In general, our solar system is so diverse and contains its own worlds so different from each other that here you can find the most bizarre conditions and phenomena. Lava lakes and water volcanoes, seas of methane and almost supersonic hurricanes - all this is literally in the neighborhood.

Our nearest neighbors are much more interesting than people think. And now you will learn about one of them - a satellite named Titan. This amazing place, unlike any other.

Titan is a unique place that has no analogues in the solar system.

• Titan is the largest satellite of Saturn and the second largest satellite in the solar system after Ganymede. He bigger moon and even Mercury, which is an independent planet.
• Titan is 80% heavier than the Moon, and in general its mass is 95% of the mass of all Saturn's moons.
• Titan has a very dense atmosphere, which no other satellite can boast of, and not even every planet. For example, Mercury has practically no it, while Mars has a much rarer one. Even the earth's atmosphere is much inferior to it in density - the pressure at the surface there is 1.5 times greater than the earth's, and the thickness of the atmosphere is 10 times greater.
• Titan's atmosphere is composed of methane and nitrogen and is completely opaque due to clouds in the upper layers. You can't see the surface through it.
• On the surface of Titan, rivers flow and there are lakes and even seas. But they do not consist of water, but of liquid methane and ethane. That is, this satellite of Saturn is completely covered with hydrocarbons.
• In 2005, the Huygens probe landed on Titan, which was delivered there by the . The probe not only took the first photographs of the surface during its descent, but also transmitted a recording of wind noise.
• Titan does not have its own magnetic field.
• The sky of Titan is yellow-orange.
• Winds constantly blow on Titan and hurricanes often occur, especially rapid movement occurs in the upper atmosphere.
• Rain on Titan from methane.
• The temperature on the surface is about -180 degrees Celsius.
• Under the surface of Titan there is an ocean of water with ammonia impurities. The surface is predominantly water ice.
• Titan has cryovolcanoes that erupt with water and liquid hydrocarbons.
• Titan is a promising place to search for extraterrestrial life, at least in the form of bacteria.
• Titan is geologically active.

Such is the satellite of Saturn - bubbling, boiling and erupting, where instead of water there are mostly hydrocarbons, although water is also quite enough. So it is no coincidence that scientists suggest that some kind of primitive life may also arise there - all the components for this are there, and the conditions are quite comfortable, albeit not on the surface itself.

Titan, although not a planet, is the most Earth-like place in the solar system. The atmosphere, rivers, volcanoes, water - all this is there, although in a slightly different quality.

Discovery of Titan

Saturn's moon Titan was discovered on March 25, 1655 by Christian Huygens, a Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist. He had a homemade 57 mm telescope with a magnification of about 50x. Armed with it, Huygens observed the planets, and found a certain body near Saturn, which made a complete revolution around the planet in 16 days.

Until June, Huygens watched this strange object, until the rings of Saturn were at their smallest opening and began to interfere with observations. Then the scientist was convinced that it was a satellite of Saturn, and calculated the period of its revolution - 16 days and 4 hours. He called it simply - Saturni Luna, that is, "Moon of Saturn." After Galileo's discovery of the moons of Jupiter, this was the second discovery of a satellite near another planet using a telescope.

The satellite received its modern name when John Herschel in 1847 proposed that all the satellites of Saturn be named after the setters and brothers of the god Saturn, and by that time there were seven of them.

In 1907, Comas Sola, a Spanish astronomer, observed a phenomenon where the central part of his disk becomes brighter than the edges. This served as evidence of the presence of an atmosphere on Titan. In 1944, Gerard Kuiper, using a spectrometer, determined that its atmosphere contained methane.

Dimensions and orbit of Titan

The diameter of Titan is 5152 km, that is, 0.4 Earth. It is the second largest moon after Ganymede in the entire solar system. Before the flight, its diameter was considered 5550 km, that is, more than Ganymede, and Titan was considered a record holder. However, it turned out that the error was due to a very thick and opaque atmosphere, and the actual size of the satellite itself turned out to be somewhat smaller.

Titanium is 50% larger than the Moon and 80% heavier than the Moon. The force of gravity on it is 1/7 of the earth. It consists approximately equally of ice and rock. Approximately the same structure have, Callisto, Ganymede.

Titanium is enough large object, therefore, has a hot core and exhibits geological activity. However, the origin of this satellite is still unclear. Remains open question, whether it was captured by Saturn from the outside or immediately formed in orbit from a gas and dust cloud. Since it is very different from the other satellites of Saturn, leaving them only 5% of the mass, the capture theory may well be correct.

The orbital radius of Titan is 1,221,870 kilometers. It lies far beyond the outermost ring. Due to this distance from the planet, this satellite is perfectly visible even in a small telescope. It completes a complete revolution in 15 days, 22 hours and 41 minutes - Huygens was slightly mistaken in his calculations, although he calculated quite accurately with his simplest means of observation.

Atmosphere of Titan

What is remarkable about Titan is its chic atmosphere, which many terrestrial planets would envy, except perhaps Venus. Its thickness is 400 km, which is ten times greater than the earth's, and the pressure at the surface is 1.5 terrestrial atmosphere. Mars would be jealous!

This is how Titan saw Voyager

Powerful winds blow in the upper layers, strong hurricanes occur, but only a weak breeze is felt near the surface itself. The higher, the stronger the winds, they coincide with the direction of rotation of the satellite. Above 120 km, very strong turbulence. But at an altitude of 80 km, complete calm reigns - there is a certain calm zone where the wind from the lower regions does not penetrate, and storms located above. It is possible that at this height the multidirectional air currents compensate and extinguish each other, although the exact nature of this phenomenon has not yet been clarified.

On Titan it rains or snows from methane or ethane from methane and ethane clouds.

However, the composition of the air there is not at all encouraging - 95% nitrogen, and the rest is mostly methane. By the way, only on Earth and on Titan the atmosphere consists mainly of nitrogen! In the upper layers in methane, under the influence of the Sun, the process of photolysis occurs and smog is formed from hydrocarbons, which we see as a dense cloudy curtain. This prevents the surface of Titan from being seen.

The origin of such a vast atmosphere is still unclear, but the most plausible version is the active bombardment of Titan by comets at the dawn of formation, 4 billion years ago. When a comet collides with a surface rich in ammonia, under the influence of enormous pressure and temperature, a large number of nitrogen. Scientists calculated the leakage of the atmosphere and concluded that the original atmosphere was 30 times heavier than the current one! And even now she is not even frail.

The sky of Titan is about the same color as in the picture.

The upper layers of the atmosphere are exposed to sunlight, ultraviolet and radiation. Therefore, processes of splitting of methane molecules into various hydrocarbon radicals and ions are constantly taking place there. Nitrogen ionization also occurs. As a result, these chemically active elements constantly form new organic compounds of nitrogen and carbon, including very complex ones. Just some kind of biofactory! It is these organic compounds that make Titan's atmosphere appear yellow.

According to calculations, all the methane in the atmosphere would theoretically be used up in 50 million years in this way. However, the satellite has existed for billions of years and the methane in its atmosphere does not decrease. This means that its reserves are replenished all the time, possibly due to volcanic activity. There are also theories that special bacteria can produce methane.

Surface of Titan

The surface of Titan cannot be seen, even being close to the satellite, not to mention terrestrial telescopes. Dense clouds in the upper atmosphere are to blame for everything. However, spacecraft have done some research at different wavelengths and have revealed a lot about what lies beneath the clouds.

Moreover, in 2005, the Huygens probe separated from the Cassini station and landed directly on the surface of Titan, transmitting the first true panoramic photographs. The descent through the thick atmosphere took more than two hours. Yes, and Cassini itself, over the years spent in orbit of Saturn, took many photographs of both the cloud cover of Titan and its surface in different ranges.

The mountains of Titan taken by the Huygens probe from a height of 10 km.

The surface of Titan is mostly flat, without strong drops. However, in some places there are real mountain ranges up to 1 kilometer high. A mountain with a height of 3337 meters was also discovered. Also on the surface of Titan there are many lakes of ethane, and even entire seas - for example, the Kraken Sea is comparable in area to the Caspian Sea. There are many ethane rivers or their channels. At the landing site of the Huygens probe, many rounded stones are visible - this is a consequence of exposure to liquid, in earthly rivers stones are also gradually turned.

The stones at the landing site of the Huygens probe had a rounded shape.

Few craters have been found on the surface of Titan, only 7. The fact is that this satellite has a powerful atmosphere that saves from small meteorites. And if the big ones fall, then the crater quickly falls asleep with various precipitations, collapses, erodes ... In general, the weather does its job, and pretty quickly only a neat depression remains from the huge crater. Yes, and most of the surface of Tatan so far seems to be a white spot, only a small part of it has been studied.

One of the seas of Titan is the Sea of ​​Ligei with an area of ​​100,000 square meters. km.

Along the equator, Titan is surrounded by a curious formation, which scientists at first mistook for a methane sea. However, it turned out that these are dunes made of hydrocarbon dust, which fell in the form of precipitation or was brought by the wind from other latitudes. These dunes are located in parallel and stretched for hundreds of kilometers.

Structure of Titan

All information about internal structure Titan are based on calculations and observations of various processes on it. Inside it is a solid silicate core with a diameter of 3400 km - it consists of ordinary rocks. Above it is a layer of very dense water ice. Then comes the layer liquid water with an admixture of ammonia and another ice - the actual surface of the satellite. Upper layer, except for ice, contains rocks and everything that falls in the form of precipitation.

Titan structure.

Saturn, with its powerful attraction, has a strong effect on Titan. Tidal forces "warp" it and cause the core to heat up and the different layers to move. Therefore, volcanic activity is also observed on Titan - cryovolcanoes were found there, which erupt not with lava, but with water and liquid hydrocarbons.

subsurface ocean

The most curious thing on Titan is the possible presence of a subsurface ocean - the same water layer that is located between the surface and the core. If it actually exists, then it completely covers the entire satellite. According to calculations, the water in it contains about 10% ammonia, which serves as an antifreeze and lowers the freezing point of water, so it should be in liquid form there. Also, the water may contain a certain amount of different salts, as in the earth's sea water.

According to data collected by Cassini, such a subsurface ocean must actually exist, but it is located at a depth of about 100 km from the surface. There is also evidence that the water contains large amounts of sodium, potassium and sulfur salts, and this water is very salty. Therefore, it is unlikely that any life is possible in it. However, this issue continues to excite scientists and is of great interest. This has made Titan a high priority for future exploration, as has Jupiter's moon Europa, which also has a subsurface ocean. Scientists really want to go deep and see what there is in these oceans, especially to look for any life forms.

Life on Titan

Although the subsurface ocean, most likely, is too salty and cruel place for the origin of life, however, scientists do not exclude that it can still be on this satellite. Titanium is extremely rich in hydrocarbons, and various chemical processes with their participation are constantly taking place there, new molecules of rather complex organic substances are constantly being formed. Therefore, the origin the simplest life cannot be excluded.

Despite the rather harsh conditions, this could well have happened in methane and ethane lakes. These liquids may well replace water, and their chemical aggressiveness is even lower than that of water, and proteins and nucleic acids can be even more stable than those of the earth.

In general, the conditions on Titan are similar to the conditions that were on Earth at the stage of its inception, except for extremely low temperatures. Therefore, what happened once on Earth may well happen there.

One curious phenomenon has been observed. There was a hypothesis that the simplest life forms on Titan could well feed on acetylene molecules, and breathe hydrogen, releasing methane. So - according to Cassini research, there is practically no acetylene near the surface of Titan, and hydrogen also disappears somewhere. This is a fact, but there is no explanation for it yet, and this may well be the result of the presence of certain microorganisms. It is also a fact that the atmosphere of Titan is constantly fed by methane, although the solar wind blows a lot of it into space. Cryovolcanoes are one of its sources, lakes and seas are another, or maybe microorganisms also take part in this? On Earth, after all, it was they who transformed the atmosphere and saturated it with oxygen. So all this is very interesting and awaits further research.

And yet - when the Sun becomes a red giant, and this will happen in 6 billion years, the Earth will die. But on Titan it will become warmer, and then this satellite will take over the baton of the Earth. Millions of years will pass, and not only the simplest, but also complex forms of life will be able to develop there.

Observation of Saturn's moon Titan

Observation of Titan does not cause difficulties. It is the brightest of Saturn's moons, but cannot be seen with the naked eye. But it is quite possible to see it with 7x50 binoculars, although it is not so easy - its brightness is about 9m.

With a telescope, even a 60 mm one, Titan is very easy to detect. In more powerful instruments, it is seen quite clearly at a great distance from Saturn. For example, not only Titan is clearly visible through the refractor, but some other, smaller satellites of Saturn, surrounding it like a swarm. Of course, you won't be able to see it in a small tool. This requires apertures greater than 200 mm. If there is a telescope with an aperture of 250-300 mm, then it is possible to observe the passage of Titan's shadow across the planet's disk.

The second largest in the solar system after Ganymede (Jupiter). In its structure, this body is very similar to the Earth. Its atmosphere is also similar to ours, and in 2008 a large underground ocean was discovered on Titan. For this reason, many scientists suggest that this particular satellite of Saturn will become the abode of mankind in the future.

Titan is a moon that has a mass equal to about 95 percent of the mass of all Saturns. The force of gravity is about a seventh of that on Earth. It is the only satellite in our system that has a dense atmosphere. The study of the surface of Titan is difficult due to the thick cloud layer. The temperature is minus 170-180 degrees, and the pressure at the surface is 1.5 times higher than that of the Earth.

There are lakes, rivers and seas on Titan made of ethane and methane, as well as high mountains that are mostly ice. According to the assumptions of some scientists, around the stone core, which reaches a diameter of 3400 kilometers, there are several layers of ice with different types of crystallization, and also, possibly, one layer of liquid.

In the course of research on Titan, a huge hydrocarbon pool was discovered - the Kraken Sea. Its area is 400,050 square kilometers. According to computer calculations and photographs taken with spacecraft, the composition of the liquid in all lakes is approximately the following: ethane (about 79%), propane (7-8%), methane (5-10%), hydrogen cyanide (2-3%), acetylene, butane, butene (about 1% ). According to other theories, the main substances are methane and ethane.

Titan is a moon whose atmosphere is about 400 kilometers thick. It contains layers of hydrocarbon smog. For this reason, the surface of this celestial body cannot be observed with a telescope.

The planet Titan receives very little solar energy to ensure the dynamics of processes in the atmosphere. Scientists have suggested that the energy to move atmospheric masses provides a strong tidal effect of the planet Saturn.

Rotation and orbit

The radius of Titan's orbit is 1,221,870 kilometers. Outside of it, there are such satellites of Saturn as Hyperion and Iapetus, and inside - Mimas, Tethys, Dione, Enceladus. Titan's orbit passes out

The Titan satellite makes a complete revolution around its planet in fifteen days, twenty-two hours and forty-one minutes. The orbital speed is 5.57 kilometers per second.

Like many others, the Titan satellite rotates synchronously with respect to Saturn. This means that the time of its rotation around the planet and around its axis coincide, as a result of which Titan always turns one side to Saturn, so there is a point on the surface of the satellite at which Saturn always appears to be hanging at the zenith.

The tilt of the axis of rotation of Saturn provides on the planet itself and its satellites. For example, last summer on Titan ended in 2009. At the same time, the duration of each season is approximately seven and a half years, since the planet Saturn makes a complete revolution around the Sun star in thirty years.

Let's start with the rain. It has been found that the clouds on Titan are composed of organic compounds- hydrocarbonates, represented mainly by methane and, to a lesser extent, ethane. Small amounts of propane, ammonia**, acetylene, and also water ice. Clouds are sources of methane and ethane rain**. The largest number clouds are concentrated in the northern and southern polar regions of Titan. In the north, this is generally a zone of continuous cloudiness, which covers Titan with a "blanket" up to 62 ° C.L.

In addition, scientists have obtained evidence of the existence of "underground" reservoirs of methane, ethane and propane, which find their way to the surface in the form of geysers and feed the rivers. The rivers and seas on Titan also consist ofmethane and ethane.
Thus, the circulation of substances constantly takes place on Titan: the eruption of gas and liquid from the bowels, the precipitation in the form of rain or snow, the deposition of matter and evaporation. This process is similar to that which takes place on Earth, only on our planet water is involved in the cycle, and on Titan - hydrocarbons. Truth, Water has also been found on Titan, and in large quantities. - in the form of deposits of water ice and flows of the so-called "cryovolcanic" superheated ice or a mixture of liquid water and ammonia. According to scientists from the University of Arizona and the University of Nantes, under the surface of Titan there may be an ocean of liquid water with ammonia dissolved in it.
E Another feature of the surface of Titan, bringing it closer to the Earth, are extended lines and linear zones that delimit areas with different type relief, which often intersect with each other.
According to experts, they are faults in the crust of this planet, which consists of a mixture of water and hydrocarbonate ice. In addition, a structure was found on the surface of Titan that is very similar to a volcano with a diameter of 30 km with lava flows flowing down from it - ice or a mixture of liquid water and ammonia, a volcanic caldera with a diameter of 180 km, volcanic calderas20-30 km in diameter and lava flows from ice or a mixture of liquid water and ammonia over 200 km long.
Thus the Titanit is an active planet in all respects , which is characterized by:
- circulation of the atmosphere, manifested in the formation and transport of clouds, precipitation (rain and possibly snow) and weather changes;
- endogenous (deep) activity, manifested in the formation of faults and cryolitic volcanism,
- exogenous (surface) activity, manifested in the weathering of rocks and the deposition of sediments.
At present, the three listed types of activity have been observed simultaneously only on Earth and Titan.

Just like on other planets solar system, several (certainly two - Xa and Sinlap) meteorite craters with a diameter of 40 to 80 km and one giant ring structure with a diameter of about 450 km, called the circus Maximum or Mernvoy, were discovered on Titan. It, apparently, is an ancient meteorite crater - a water basin limited by ring-shaped mountain ranges, which was formed during a collision with Titan of an asteroid or comet tens of kilometers in size. A small number of meteorite craters encountered on the surface of Titan testify to the young age of its surface, which continues to form at the present time.

Are Titans inhabited?

At first glance, it may seem that temperatures below -180 ° C prevailing on the surface of Titan do not even allow one to think about life on this planet. But this is in the opinion of earthlings, accustomed to living in more comfortable, from their point of view, conditions. "No, life is impossible in this cold," 99.9% of us would probably say.
But is it? After all, nothing happens by chance in nature. In any habitable world, rains are likely to water the land and fill the rivers; rivers, lakes and seas - serve as a source of fluid and habitat for organisms leading a marine lifestyle. Plains and mountains should be the habitat of various land organisms.
It is known that all living things on Earth are mainly composed of water. Water content in different organisms ranges from 50-75% (terrestrial plants), 60-65% (terrestrial vertebrates), 80-99% (fish and marine animals and plants). But what if the inhabitants of Titan, if they, of course, exist, are also 50 or 99% liquid methane or ethane, and the remaining 50 or 1% of some material that can withstand such low temperatures? Whether they in this case have a solid skeleton, for example, made of silicon, or whether they are gel-like creatures like jellyfish (by the way, jellyfish on Earth use nitrogen as food) is unknown. Be that as it may, there is more than enough organic matter to build organisms and food for them on Titan. This means that the prerequisites for the development of life exist. But what about life itself?
One thing is clear: if there is life on Titan, it is undoubtedly other life that will be difficult to contact.

I express my sincere gratitude to NASA (NASA) and ECA (ECA) for the opportunity to use the photos

The hypothesis about the possibility of the existence of life on Titan is confirmed in the works of many scientists. Christopher McKay of NASA Ames Research Center, Heather Smitha of the International Space University in Strasbourg, Dirk Schulze-Makuha of Washington state university, David Grinspun from the Denver Museum of Nature and some other researchers believe that such a large content of methane in the atmosphere of Titan is not accidental. In fact, the sun's rays reaching the planet's surface must destroy methane molecules, and without its constant replenishment, all atmospheric methane available on Titan would have to be destroyed in 10-20 million years. Suggested sources of this gas may be the volcanic activity occurring on Titan and the life that exists there. The possibility of the existence of life on Titan seems to be confirmed by a decrease in the content of hydrogen in the lower part of its atmosphere. According to Christopher McKay, this is due to the fact that it is consumed by living organisms.

Almost 5 years after this article was written, new data have been obtained that convincingly prove the existence of life on Titan. Read about it in the news

Read also my new job"Life on Titan. What is she?"

I invite everyone to further discussion this material on the pages

common data

The dimensions of Titan in diameter are 5152 km, as a result of which it is larger than the Moon and in diameter by about 50%. Christian Huygens, being a famous Dutch physicist, mechanic, mathematician and astronomer, discovered Titan as the first satellite of Saturn in 1655.

Astronomers for a long time believed that its diameter is 5550 km, and he ranked first. The true dimensions were found out later thanks to the Voyager 1 apparatus.

The surface of this huge moon

Until 2004, scientists did not know what the surface of this unexplored celestial body looked like, because. Titan, a moon of Saturn, was completely enveloped in an incredibly dense shell of the atmosphere, making it difficult to study. But after the landing of the Cassini-Huygens apparatus on its surface, all questions were resolved.

On the this moment it is known that its surface is still quite young by geological standards, and it is covered with sedimentary organic matter and water ice. It is almost all flat, except for a few mountains and craters. The surface temperature is 170-180°C below zero. The atmosphere is mainly nitrogen, with some ethane and methane.

The hydrocarbon sea of ​​Ligeia is the second largest, Cassini radar imagery

Significant areas of the surface are covered with ethano-methane rivers and lakes. On this celestial body, scientists discovered a liquid and proved the presence of an atmosphere, as a result of which a hypothesis was presented that a primitive form of life could exist on Titan.

physical characteristics

A share of 95% in the total mass of all satellites surrounding Saturn belongs to Titan. The debate about where such a huge satellite came from has led to several theories, but scientists have not yet come to a final answer. One theory goes like this: heavenly body, could have been formed from a dust cloud that was subsequently captured by the planet's gravity. Wherein this theory also explains such a large difference in the mass of satellites.

Orbit of motion

The orbit of the second largest satellite in the solar system is 1221,870 km, which is equal to 20.3 Saturn radii, as a result it is located outside the rings of Saturn. It makes one full circle around the planet in almost 16 days. At the same time, its speed is 5.57 kilometers per second.

Titan, like the Moon, rotates synchronously around its planet. It is precisely because the revolutions around Saturn and around its own axis that Titan coincides, he always looks at the planet with the same side. The trajectory of Saturn's rotation is inclined with respect to the ecliptic by 26.73′, this is the moment that ensures the change of seasons on the planet itself and its satellites.

Each of the seasons has a duration of approximately 7.5 Earth years, while Saturn itself makes one revolution around the Sun, in about 30 years. Based on this, it can be assumed that the last summer on Titan ended in 2009.

And finally, some of the most spectacular photos of Titan

Titanium one of the 62 moons of the planet Saturn, the 6th planet in the solar system. Its surface is similar to the surface of the Earth, on the surface you can meet mountains and plains, as on Earth. But most importantly, rivers, lakes and even seas were found on Titan; scientists have not observed such a find anywhere else in the solar system, except for the Earth. If there is water here, then it can be inhabited. In order to find out, it was necessary to determine where the water came from on the satellite of Saturn. After studying the surface of Titan, the Casini research observatory, launched from the USA, Florida in 1997, it turned out that it rains on Titan, like on Earth.

Titan - The largest moon of Saturn.

The rains on the moon of Saturn are very different from the earth's rains. The rain of Titan has twice as many drops and their speed of fall on the surface of the satellite is 10 times less. After a detailed and long study of the rain, it was found that the drops do not consist of water, but of methane. But that doesn't mean there isn't water. Water was discovered, but not immediately, it was not looked for in the stones that the water became due to the low temperature. After all, the temperature on the satellite of Saturn drops to -180 ° C

Given that methane is a gas produced by bacteria, scientists have already suggested that Titan is habitable. Here the opinions of scientists are divided: the first half of the scientists believe that a maximum of microorganisms can exist here; but here are other scientists of an absolutely opposite opinion and declare that Titan is inhabited by an intelligent extraterrestrial civilization. The opinions of scientists agree on one thing - this form of life is absolutely not like the earthly one. But so far, no life has been discovered.

Titan has a dense atmosphere, which makes it possible for life to exist. This atmosphere is very similar to the earth's, there is only a slight difference - in the Earth, 1/3 of the air is oxygen, and 2/3 is nitrogen. In titanium, the air consists of almost pure nitrogen, for humans it is a favorable gas that is not dangerous for breathing. The air pressure here is slightly higher than on Earth.

Scientists around the world are working on a Titan exploration program. Today the main task is to build spaceship, to send it to Saturn's moon. In the future, if necessary, it can become a spare planet for people, but this is still far away. All that remains for us now is just to reflect on this topic and study the satellite of Saturn.

The theory of extraterrestrial life.

If we talk about the possibility of extraterrestrial life and believe in the theory about, which suggests that our Universe is not unique and there are many other Universes similar to ours, but slightly different. If you believe in this theory, then extraterrestrial life may not exist where we are looking for. Another form of life may exist on our planet, but in a parallel universe.