A building that is properly equipped and intended for educational and sports work and competitions in one or more sports is called a sports hall.
There are specialized and universal gyms. Their size and shape, design features are determined by the purpose of the hall, competition rules and the amount of equipment installed or placed. How to Train Your Dragon 3 2019 cartoon watch online for free.
Specialized gyms are designed for a specific type of physical activity. Their shape and size, equipment, auxiliary devices and accessories are selected in such a way as to ensure the daily educational and training process.
Universal gyms are designed for simultaneous or alternating practice of several sports.
The SMK is planned to have 2 specialized halls - a martial arts hall and a gym and 1 universal hall, which will house gaming sections, fitness, aerobics and public events.
In order to find out the maximum possible number of consumers, it is necessary to calculate the capacity of the QMS halls. Because Depending on the sport, there is a certain amount of space per person. So let’s make a table of the “hall capacity”.
Hall capacity table.
The area standards per person are determined by the USSR State Construction Committee (SNiII-II-L, 11-70) and are valid to this day.
The number of shifts per day is calculated based on the fact that a shift for all types of services, except gaming and mass events, lasts 1.5 hours, and the QMS work schedule is from 13 to 23 hours, i.e. 10 hours a day.
In order to find out the maximum number of constantly engaged people, it is necessary to divide the “Monthly throughput” column from the halls’ throughput table by 10, because On average, a subscription is designed for 10 lessons.
Then we will get a new table:
Maximum number of constantly engaged people
This is the maximum level of opportunity, which is not possible to achieve in the first year of work, but which we must strive for.
In my calculations, I will use 30%-70% of this data, depending on the demand for each type of sport and existing offers for these types of services.
The number of people constantly involved in sports was planned using a social survey (see Appendix No. 5), a survey of sports institutions (OBC "Health" and the club "Greece"). Trainers of sports institutions provided information on the number of people involved and the number of people who would like to exercise, but cannot due to lack of free places. This is due to the fact that in existing sports organizations adults can only train from 20:00 to 22:00, and school students train until 20:00.
Number of permanently engaged people in the QMS
|
Name |
Number, persons |
|
|
Gym | ||
|
adults | ||
|
Martial Arts Hall | ||
|
Adults | ||
|
Universal games room | ||
|
Adults | ||
|
Aerobics | ||
|
Total |
MINISTRY OF SPORTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Methodology for calculating actual load and power sports facilities
Moscow 2012
Actual annual workload of the sports facility
determined by the formula:
FZ = R x H x D x N, where
FZ - actual annual workload of the sports facility,
P – average number of visits to a sports facility per day,
The average number of visits to a sports facility per day reflects how many people on average visit a sports facility per day. The initial data are: the visitor log, the number of entrance tickets, the number of registered visitor entries, or any other data that allows you to estimate the desired value. In this case, the number of visitors on any given day is averaged based on annual data. That is, if a log of visitors for the year is available, then the annual number of visits is divided by 365. Visitors are understood as citizens involved in physical education and sports. The number of visits does not reflect the number of individuals using the services of a given sports facility, but rather the number of entries, i.e. the same citizen, attending different physical education classes, makes several entries, thereby increasing the number of visits. Thus, the number of visits is not equal to, for example, the number of members of a sports club (season ticket holders).
H – average duration of one lesson (visit),
The average duration of one lesson (visit) shows how much time on average one visitor engages in physical education or sports at a given sports facility during one visit. The value is measured in hours. 1 hour (60 minutes)=1. One and a half hours (90 minutes) = 1.5. 45 minutes=0.75. Etc.
The product RxH shows how many man-hours of physical education and sports on average a given sports facility provides. As class time decreases, the number of visits may increase. Conversely, with fewer visits, the duration of classes may increase
D – the number of days per week during which the sports facility provides physical education and sports services to the population,
N is the number of weeks a year during which the sports facility provides physical education and sports services to the population.
If D=7, and H=52, the product is DxN=364, i.e. shows the continuous operation of the facility throughout the year. However, it is necessary to take into account and reflect periods of repair work, sanitary days, etc., reducing either D, if the phenomena are systemic in nature (for example, a sanitary day once a month means D = 6.75), or N (for example, repairs in within 3 weeks means H=52-3=49)
If a facility hosts diverse activities (classes of varying durations, periodic sporting events outside the class schedule), then it is necessary to take into account the contribution of each type of event to the RF indicator.
At the same time, spectators present at physical culture and sports events and not participating in them are not taken into account. Their number is not taken into account in the calculations.
Let's consider a physical education and health complex (FOC), including a gym.
The sports and recreation center operates 7 days a week for 10 hours and organizes group physical education classes with the population.
Group lessons last 90 minutes (1.5 hours).
The schedule of classes in groups is designed in such a way that 3 classes are held on Monday, from Tuesday to Thursday (3 days a week) - 5 classes per day, on Friday, Saturday and Sunday - 4 classes.
In addition, on Friday, Saturday and Sunday the hall is available for 2 hours to play mini-football.
In April, an interschool sports competition is held on the basis of the sports and recreation center for 3 days. At the same time, the FOC does not conduct other classes.
10 teams of schoolchildren of 10 people each take part in the sports competition. Competitions are held on the principle of paired competitions. The average time of each competition is 30 minutes (0.5 hours). Each team meets all opponents (each team has 4 meetings). Those. we can assume that 20 people (2 teams) spend 2 hours on the site (4 meetings of 0.5 hours each).
The sports and recreation center was closed 10 days a year during the holidays.
The sports complex was closed for 3 days due to a water supply failure.
The physical education center was used to meet with voters for 1 day (no classes were held)
Calculation:
1. According to the log book for group classes 600 people come a week.
Average number of visits to a sports facility per day (group classes)
2. According to the log book for mini-football 50 people come a week
3. Interschool Spartakiad. Since this event is not held every week, but once a year, to obtain the “average number of visits per day” for this event, it is necessary to take into account a time period equal to a year.
P3= 100 people: 365 days = 0.27
4. Total: RxCh= P1xCh1+P2 xCh2+P3 xCh2=128.55+14.2+0.54=143.29
Considering that the results are rounded at different stages of the calculation, the last event (the sports day) could not be taken into account at all, taking into account its minimal contribution to the total figure.
D=7 FOC is open all days of the week.
But the total time when the FOC did not provide services is: 3 (Spartakiad) + 10 (holidays) + 3 (accident) + 1 (meeting with voters) = 17 or 2.5 weeks
FZ = R x H x D x N
Federal Law = 143.29x7x49.5 = 49649.985 or 49650 man-hours
Annual capacity of the sports facility
calculated by the following formula:
MS = EPS x RF x RD, where
MS – annual capacity of the sports facility,
EPS – one-time (normative) capacity of a sports facility, calculated in accordance with the Planned Indicators of the number of participants, approved by Order of the State Committee for Physical Fitness of Russia dated 02/04/1998 No. 44,
RF – number of working hours of a sports facility per day,
RD – the number of working days of the sports facility per year.
In this EXAMPLE:
EPS=30 (standard)
RF=10 (regular working hours of the health center per day)
RD = 365-10 (holidays) = 355 (regular operating hours of the sports and recreation center per year)
MS=30x10x355=106500
Having calculated the actual load and annual capacity of the sports facility, you can calculate the actual load factor of the sports facility using the following formula:
| short circuit = | Federal Law | x 100%, where |
| MS |
KZ – load factor of the sports facility,
FZ – actual annual workload of the sports facility,
MC is the annual capacity of the sports facility.
In this EXAMPLE:
KZ=49650:106500x100%=46.6%
Please note that the KZ indicator characterizes not the economic or functional efficiency of the sports facility, but the workload of the sports facility from the point of view of exclusively physical education and sports activities with citizens. In this sense, a low KZ value does not at all mean that the facility is operating ineffectively and is not the basis for conclusions about the advisability of its closure, repurposing or personnel decisions.
When analyzing freely accessible sports facilities that do not have initial data to determine visitors, the values of the corresponding quantities are determined by the organization responsible for the operation of these facilities based on expert assessment.
EXAMPLE 2
Let's consider an open planar structure - a platform for outdoor games. The building has no artificial lighting
During the summer season (20 weeks), the site is open 12 hours (daylight hours).
During the winter season (10 weeks), the site is open 6 hours (daylight hours). The ice rink is being filled.
The rest of the time, for various reasons, the site is usually empty.
The majority of students gather on weekends.
Average number of visits to a sports facility per day based on expert opinion, it is assumed to be 6 people per summer period and 5 people - in winter.
Average duration of classes – 1 hour
FZ = R x H x D x N
Federal Law = (6x1 + 5x1) x 7 x 52 = 4004 man-hours
MS = EPS x RF x RD,
RF=(12x20 + 6x10):52. We calculate the average operating time per year.
KZ=4004:42340=0.1
FOR REFERENCE:
Calculation of standard operating hours for sports facilities
According to the order of Rosstat on approval new form 1-FK No. 562 dated 10.23.2012. As the main types of sports facilities, it is advisable to select facilities for which official statistics data are available and the planned indicators for the number of participants and operating modes of sports facilities, approved by Order of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Physical Culture and Tourism dated 02/04/1998 No. 44, have been determined.
Analysis of planned and calculated indicators recorded in the Order, grouping and comparison of similar objects made it possible to determine the standard daily operating time of objects accepted for accounting in Form No. 1-FK. The obtained values are shown in the table.
| Type of sports facility | Operating hours (hours per day) |
| Stadiums with stands for 1500 seats or more (grass field) | |
| Stadiums with stands for 1500 seats or more (artificial field surface) | |
| Other flat sports facilities | |
| Sport halls | |
| Sports palaces | |
| Indoor sports facilities with artificial ice | |
| Playpens | |
| Cycling tracks, indoor velodromes | |
| Outdoor swimming pools | |
| Swimming pools, indoor and heated | |
| Ski and biathlon bases (piste) | |
| Biathlon shooting complexes | |
| Open shooting ranges and stands | |
| Closed shooting ranges | |
| Rowing bases and channels | |
| Other sports facilities | 7,5 |
| Average operating time | 9,1 |
Table. List of types of sports facilities and their standard operating hours per day.
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Caring for the health and harmonious development of the population by means physical culture and sports in order to improve the quality of life is inextricably linked with the organization of effective technical operation of sports facilities and sports and recreation complexes. In the context of reforming the socio-economic system and the transition to market relations, as well as in connection with the commissioning of many modern sports facilities for the Universiade in Kazan 2013 and the Olympic Winter Games Sochi 2014, the urgent problem of determining the compliance of financial costs for their construction and operation arises with particular urgency. the results obtained. The presented study proposes one of the effective options for solving this problem.
The indicators that most fully reflect the results of the work of sports facilities include the load factor, the calculation method of which forms the basis of the article. The description of the methodology contains a block diagram in the form of an algorithm of sequential actions and calculation formulas that allow, using actual measurements and existing standards, to analyze and evaluate the operation of a sports facility. Examples of specific application of the technique are given. The possibilities of computerizing calculations are shown, simplifying the work of sports managers and facilitating prompt receipt useful information on the activities of sports facilities.
Keywords: calculation method, load factor, sports facilities, sports managers.
Abstract
Care of health and harmonious development of the population by means of physical culture and sport with the aim of improving the quality of life, inextricably linked with the organization of the efficient maintenance of sports facilities and sports and recreation facilities.
In conditions of reforming of the socio-economic system and transition to market relations, and also in connection with the introduction ahead of the world Universiade in Kazan-2013 and the Olympic games Sochi-2014 many modern sports facilities with special acuteness occurs actual problem of the determination of compliance with the financial cost of their construction and operation of the results received. In the present study proposes one of the most effective ways to solve this problem.
The indicators, most fully reflecting the results of sports facilities referred loading factor, calculated by the method which underlies article. In the description of the methodology contains a block diagram of the algorithm of consecutive actions and formulas that allow using actual measurements and existing regulations to perform the analysis and evaluation of the activities operation of sports facilities. Useful examples of specific applications of the methodology are given. An opportunity for computerization of calculations, simplifying the job of sports managers and promoting operational obtaining useful information on the activities of the sports facilities are demonstrated.
Key words: calculation method, loading factor, sports facilities, sports managers.
Introduction
The need to develop a methodology for calculating the workload of sports facilities is associated with a number of reasons:
- the growing independence of sports organizations in the context of the transition to the market has led to the need to train specialists of a new formation in universities - sports managers;
- Radical changes in the training of future industry specialists were required in connection with the implementation of the Federal Target Program “Development of Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation for 2006-2015.” and “Strategy for the development of physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation for the period until 2020”;
- resolving issues of feasibility study of the efficiency of operation of newly built sports facilities in order to determine the ratio of funds spent to the results obtained;
- the demand for the development of methods: calculating the load factors and comfort of sports facilities, the cost of a subscription and equipment rental, rent and others will contribute to the sports manager mastering the skills of skillful and effective management in the field of physical education and sports;
- professional training of students, future competent organizers of physical education and sport, managers of sports complexes must meet the requirements of the new Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education vocational education about the transformation of knowledge into an instrument of action, which is realized when working on the proposed educational and methodological development.
The presented work is intended for students of the “Management in Sports” specialization when studying academic disciplines“Technical operation of sports facilities”, “Sports business management”, “Regional features of the development of physical education and sports”. It is used in advanced training courses for managers of sports facilities, physical education and sports teachers, coaches and sports managers who organize work and evaluate indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the technical and economic operation of sports and physical culture and recreation complexes.
Methodology
The previously accumulated experience of teaching students the course “Formation of economic thinking in the field of physical education, health, sports and tourism services” became the basis for the development of the methodology. Its applied nature introduced students to the implementation of acquired knowledge into practice through participation in UIRS and NIRS, setting up and conducting experimental studies, analyzing the processed results using information computer technology. The methodology contains formulas and calculation procedures, analysis of calculated workload factors and conclusions necessary for making scientifically based management decisions. It provides examples of specific applications. A structural diagram of the calculation is given. A special feature of the development is its educational and research nature, which develops the skills of organizing and conducting an experiment.
Purpose of the technique
Familiarization of representatives of the physical education and sports industry with the stages of calculating the workload of sports facilities and calculation formulas. Using the example of a specific sports facility to demonstrate the results of its practical use.
Calculation formulas and initial information
The economic efficiency of operating a sports facility is determined by the ratio of the services actually provided to the scientifically based standard. In the methodology, the calculation of workload is based on actual measurements of the operational characteristics of a sports facility of any type. Another important element of the calculation is the normalized workload, which depends on the one-time capacity of the sports facility, the qualifications of those involved and other factors. The final indicator obtained as a result of the calculation is the load factor.
Basic prerequisites:
- regulatory planning and design indicators apply to all types of sports facilities, regardless of their departmental affiliation;
- calculation of the actual and normalized load of sports facilities is carried out in man-hours;
- basis for calculation - planned indicators of the number of participants and the operating regime of physical culture, recreation and sports facilities (Order of the Civil Code of the FCC of the Russian Federation No. 44 dated February 4, 1998) and the operating standards for sports facilities given in official publications Set of rules for physical education and sports facilities.
Kzagr. - load factor of a sports facility, defined as the ratio of the actual load indicator (Pfact) to the normalized load indicator (Pnorm):
Kzagr.=Pfact/Pnorm (1)
Kzagr. can be calculated for any period of time Kdz, Knz, Kmz, Kkz, Kgz - designations, respectively, of the daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, annual workload coefficient.
Calculation of actual workload indicators
The initial information when calculating actual workload indicators is: the work schedule of the sports facility (schedule of sports and physical education classes) and the attendance log:
Pfact = Nfact * Tfact,
where Nfact is the number of students in the group (persons);
Tfact - duration of the lesson (hours, minutes);
n - number of groups per day;
i- serial number groups;
f is the number of days of actual operation of the sports facility per year.
Calculation of normalized workload indicators
The initial information when calculating the normalized workload of a sports facility is: planned indicators of the number of participants and operating modes of physical education, recreation and sports facilities, taken from official documents approved by the Department of Physical Education and Sports of the Russian Federation:
Pnorm = Tnorm Nnorm,
where N is the normalized number of participants, depends on the size of the main sports facility, the type of sport, the qualifications of those involved and the one-time capacity;
Tnorm - the standardized number of hours of operation of a sports facility per day, depends on the type and design of the site (indoor or open, illuminated or unlit, etc.);
m is the normalized number of days of operation per year, depends on the climatic-geographical zone, type of sport and is used when calculating the average annual workload factor.
Calculation procedure
1. Calculate the actual daily workload:
2. Calculate weekly, monthly, annual workload indicators:
average value of the actual daily workload.
3. Calculate the daily normalized workload:
Pnorm dz = Tnorm dz * Nnorm dz,
where Tnorm d is the operating time of the sports facility per day.
Nnorm d const - in case of calculation for one sport and the same qualifications of the participants:
the average value of the normalized daily workload in the case of calculation for different types sports and different qualifications of athletes.
4. Calculate the load factors of the sports facility using formula (1) for the required periods of time (day, week, year):
Analysis of calculation results
Let's analyze the possible values of K load.
Kzagr = 1 - actual and normalized workload are equal, the sports facility is fully used.
Kzagr > 1 - the actual workload exceeds the normalized one, the sports facility is operated with overload.
Kzagr< 1 - фактическая загруженность меньше нормированной, спортивное сооружение используются не полностью.
A case of Kzag less than one may be associated with a number of reasons: lack of training staff, ongoing repairs, illness of a trainer, failure of technical means and equipment, etc. and requires a full analysis of the reasons for the underutilization of the sports facility.
The case of Kzagr greater than one requires a technical and economic analysis aimed at revising or adjusting planned and normative indicators and finding additional places of employment.
Calculation example
Results of calculation of Kzagr of the KSK KAI OLIMP basin
Studies of the workload of the KAI OLIMP pool were carried out in the period from March 11 to March 17, 2013 by student V. Dmitriev and Art. teacher R. Gazimov.
The initial data and results of calculating the Kzagr of a swimming pool are presented in table. 1, 2 and in the figure.
Table 1
Class schedule and number of students
|
Days of the week |
Time zan-y |
Cont. zan. /h |
Qty |
Kind of sport |
Normal number of people |
|
Monday |
St./pl. + sports school | ||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
St./pl. + sports school | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
St./pl. + sports school | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
St./pl. + sports school | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
St./pl. + sports school | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
St./pl. + sports school | |||||
|
St./pl. + v/polo | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
v/polo + sports. school | |||||
|
free swimming | |||||
|
Sunday |
free swimming | ||||
|
free swimming |
Calculation of daily and weekly workload coefficients based on normalized and actual workload indicators
Mon
Pnorm = N norms * T norms =120 * 4+73* 2+120 * 2+73 * 5+ +120* 3 = 1591 1591/16 = 99 * 12 = 1188
Pfact = N act x T fact = 70 * 1+45 * 2+35 * 1+45 * 1 + +30 * 2+20 * 2+60 * 1+30 * 2+50 * 1+40 * 2 = 590 Kdz = 590/1188 = 0.49.
W
Pnorm = 1591/16 = 99 * 12 = 1188 h
Pfact = 580 h Kdz = 580/1188 = 0,48
.
Wed
Pnorm = 1638/16 = 102 * 12 = 1224 h
Pfact = 549 hours.
Thu
Pfact = 522 h
Kdz = 522/1188 = 0,43 .
Fri
Pfact = 562 h
Kdz = 562/1188 = 0,47
Kdz = 549/1224 = 0,44
.
Sat
Pfact = 560 h
Kdz = 560/1224 = 0,45
.
Sun
Pnorm = 1680/14 = 120 * 12 = 1440
Kdz = 650/1440 = 0,45
.
table 2
Load factor calculation results
Knz = 4013/8669 = 0.46.
Pool daily occupancy schedule
Calculation of the load factor of the KSK KAI OLIMP pool showed that the greatest load is created by sports schools in swimming and water polo, practicing on Monday and Tuesday. On subsequent days, the workload factor is less, since each sports group takes a day off during the week, on different days. On Sunday, the pool is used only by paying clients, staff and university students.
According to accepted workload standards, the KAI OLIMP swimming pool is underutilized, and the sports manager has something to work on. Another recommendation concerns the need to review the norm of congestion of swimming lanes when practicing recreational swimming in the direction of reducing them, since a person who does not have special training on the water, more free space is required for a safe stay in the pool bath.
conclusions
- A methodology for calculating the load factor of sports facilities is proposed.
- The implementation of the methodology into practice has been tested at a number of sports facilities in the Republic of Tatarstan and does not present any difficulties.
- Calculations are performed using computer software.
- The methodology allows you to analyze the activities of any sports facility specifically in numbers and outline measures that optimize the operating mode.
Literature
- Landa B.H. Development curricula training of sports managers // Bulletin of sports science. - 2013.- No. 1. - P. 44-49.
- Landa B.H. Methodology for calculating the load factor of sports facilities. - M.: Soviet sport, 2013. - P. 36.
References
- Landa B.H. Development of training programs of training of sports managers // Vestnik sportivnoj nauki. - 2013. - No. 1. - P. 44-49.
- Landa B.H. Method for calculation of load coefficient in sports constructions. - M.: Soviet sport, 2013. - P. 36.
