Parsing a word by composition one of the types of linguistic research, the purpose of which is to determine the structure or composition of a word, classify morphemes according to their place in the word and establish the meaning of each of them. AT school curriculum it is also called morphemic parsing . The how-to-all website will help you correctly parse any part of speech online: noun, adjective, verb, pronoun, participle, gerund, adverb, numeral.
Plan: How to parse a word by composition?
When conducting morphemic analysis, follow a certain sequence of selection meaningful parts. Start in order to “remove” morphemes from the end, using the “stripping the root” method. Approach the analysis meaningfully, avoid mindless division. Determine the meanings of morphemes and select cognates to confirm the correctness of the analysis.
- Write the word in the same form as in the homework. Before you start disassembling the composition, find out it lexical meaning(meaning).
- Determine from the context which part of speech it refers to. Recall the features of the words belonging to this part of speech:
- mutable (has an ending) or immutable (has no ending)
- does it have a formative suffix?
- Find the ending. To do this, decline by cases, change the number, gender or person, conjugate - the variable part will be the ending. Remember about changing words with a zero ending, be sure to indicate, if any: sleep (), friend (), audibility (), gratitude (), ate ().
- Highlight the stem of a word - this is a part without an ending (and a formative suffix).
- Designate a prefix in the base (if any). To do this, compare cognate words with and without prefixes.
- Determine the suffix (if any). To check, pick up words with different roots and with the same suffix so that it expresses the same meaning.
- Find the root in the base. To do this, compare a number of related words. Their common part is the root. Remember about single-root words with alternating roots.
- If the word has two (or more) roots, designate the connecting vowel (if any): leaf fall, starship, gardener, pedestrian.
- Mark formative suffixes and postfixes (if any)
- Double-check the analysis and highlight all significant parts with icons
AT primary school parse the word- means to highlight the ending and the stem, then designate a prefix with a suffix, pick up words with the same root and then find their common part: the root, that's all.
*Note: The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation recommends three educational complex in Russian in grades 5–9 for secondary schools. From different authors morphemic analysis by composition differs in approach. To avoid performance problems homework, compare the order of parsing below with your textbook.
The order of complete morphemic analysis by composition
To avoid errors, it is preferable to associate morphemic parsing with derivational parsing. Such an analysis is called formal-semantic.
- Set part of speech and perform graphic morphemic analysis words, that is, to designate all available morphemes.
- Write out the ending, define it grammatical meaning. Specify the suffixes that form the word form (if any)
- Write down the basis of the word (without formative morphemes: endings and formative suffixes)
- Find morphemes. Write out suffixes and prefixes, justify their selection, explain their meanings
- Root: free or connected. For words with free roots, make a word-building chain: “pis-a-t → za-pis-a-t → za-pis-yva-t”, “dry (oh) → suh-ar () → suh-ar-nits -(a)". For words with connected roots, choose single-structural words: “dress-undress-change clothes”.
- Write down the root, pick up words with the same root, mention possible variations, alternations of vowels or consonants in the roots.
How to find a morpheme in a word?
An example of a complete morphemic analysis of the verb "overslept":
- the ending "a" indicates the form of the verb female, unit of past tense, compare: overslept;
- the basis of the handicap is “overslept”;
- two suffixes: "a" - suffix verb stem, "l" - this suffix forms past tense verbs,
- prefix "pro" - an action with the meaning of loss, disadvantage, cf .: miscalculate, lose, miss;
- word-building chain: sleep - oversleep - overslept;
- the root "sp" - in related words, alternations of sp / / sn / / sleep / / syp are possible. Root words: sleep, fall asleep, sleepy, lack of sleep, insomnia.
Parsing words by composition.
Conjugation of the word "some":
Morphemic analysis of the word some
Morphemic parsing of a word is usually called the parsing of a word by composition - this is the search and analysis of morphemes (parts of a word) included in a given word.
Morphemic parsing of a word is done very simply. To do this, it is enough to follow all the rules and the order of parsing.
Let's do the morpheme parsing correctly, and for this we just go through 5 steps:
- determining the part of speech of the word some is the first step;
- the second - we highlight the ending: for changeable words we conjugate or decline, for unchangeable words (gerunds, adverbs, some nouns and adjectives, service parts of speech) - there are no endings;
- Next, look for the base. This is the easiest part, because to determine the base, you just need to cut off the ending. This will be the basis of the word;
- The next step is to search for the root of the word. We select related words for some (they are also called cognates), then the root of the word will be obvious;
- We find the remaining morphemes for some by selecting other words that are formed in the same way as some.
As you can see, some morphemic analysis is done simply. Now let's decide on the main morphemes of the word some and do its analysis.
See also other dictionaries:
Full morphological analysis of the word "some": Part of speech, initial form, morphological features and word forms. The direction of the science of language, where the word is studied ... Morphological analysis some
The stress in the word some: which syllable is stressed and how ... The word "some" is correctly spelled as ... stress in the word some
Synonyms for "something". Online synonym dictionary: find synonyms for the word "some". Synonymous words, similar words and expressions close in meaning in ... Synonyms for some
SEARCH IN THE SPELLING DICTIONARY
PHONETIC ANALYSIS OF THE WORD "SOMETHING"
In the word something:
1. 3 syllables (ko-e-what);
2. stress falls on the 3rd syllable: something
- 1st option
1 ) Transcription of the word “something”: [kj❜ and e shto].
| LETTER/ [SOUND] | SOUND CHARACTERISTICS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to | - | [to] | - | acc., solid. (par.), Before letters a, about, at, uh, s |
| about | - | [b] | - | vowel, unstressed ; see §§ 41, 42 below. |
| e | - | acc., ringing (unpaired), soft (unpaired) | ||
| [and e] | vowel, unstressed; see below. § 39. | |||
| h | - | [w] | - | acc., solid. (unpaired), deaf. (par.). Before deaf consonants in paired deaf people, there is no sound replacement (i.e., the sound is both written and pronounced). See §§ 68, 106 below. |
| t | - | [t] | - | acc., solid. (par.), deaf. (par.). Before a vowel there is no substitution of a consonant for voicing / deafness.Before letters a, about, at, uh, s syllables paired in hardness-softness are always pronounced firmly. |
| about | - | [about ] | - | vowel, percussion; see below. § 20. |
6 letters, 7 sounds
Setting
RULES OF PRONUNCIATION 1
§ 20
§ 20. The letter o denotes a stressed vowel [o] in the following positions: a) at the beginning of a word: he, axis, o sharp, oh hat; b) after vowels: zaohat, otochnik, away, prototype; c) after solid consonants (except for hissing; for the position after hissing, see § 22): house, catfish, floor, side, behold, thunder, crowbar, current, com, guest, move, clatter.
§ 39
§ 39. Letters e and I at the beginning of a word and after vowels in the 1st pre-stressed syllable, they designate a vowel [and e] with the preceding [th], i.e. the combination [yi e]: a) ride, single, hedgehog m, ruff m, raccoon; let's eat m (pronounced [yi e zda, yi e din, yi e zhom, yi e rsho m, yi e no t, pyi e dim]); b) language, egg, label, clear, January, understand (pronounced [yi e language, yi e ytso, yi e rlyk, yi e sleep, yi e nva r❜, uyi e s❜ nit ❜]).
Note. In words of foreign origin, in place of the letter e after the vowel in the 1st pre-stressed syllable, the sound is pronounced [and e] without the preceding sound [th], for example: dietary, piete (pronounced [ee]).
The combination [yi e] is also pronounced in place of letters I and e in the 1st prestressed syllable after b and b: drunk t, dyaka, announce (pronounced [n❜ yi e ni t, d❜ yi e ka, abyi e wi t❜]), unite m (pronounced [abyi e di m]).
Note. The vowel [and e] by different persons and in different positions may not be pronounced the same way. However, in quality this vowel is closer to [i] than to [e]. Especially close to [and] vowel [and e] in a position before a soft consonant. In some words, the vowel of the pre-stressed syllable is so close to [and] that it may coincide with [and]. This is how the vowel of the pre-stressed syllable is pronounced, for example, in the words: village, ten, mountain ash, sorrel.
§ 41
§ 41. In the 2nd and other pre-stressed syllables (except the 1st), after solid consonants, except for the vowels [s] and [y] (for them, see §§ 5-13), a vowel close to [s] is pronounced . more precisely, the middle between [s] and [a], shorter than vowels in other positions, and therefore called reduced. Below, with indications of pronunciation, it is indicated by the sign [ъ]. This vowel in the letter is indicated by the letters a and about, and after hard hissing and c- also a letter e.
§ 42
§ 42. In place of letters a and about after hard consonants, and after hard hissing and c also in place e, the vowel [b] is pronounced: a) machinist (pronounced [m'shyni st]), parovoz (pronounced [right s]), small (pronounced [m'lava t]). weights (pronounced [raznavesy]), smoke (pronounced [nkuri t❜]), get (pronounced [zluchi t❜]), samovar (pronounced [smavar]), shalovli in (pronounced [sh'lavli f] ), blinds (pronounced [zhl❜ uzi]), courtiers (pronounced [tsari e palaces]); b) young (pronounced [young]), field (pronounced [ply e vot]), heroes (pronounced [bgtyri]), novelist (pronounced [rmanist]), expensive (pronounced [dragavat] ). oatmeal (pronounced [t'akno], dog breeder (pronounced [sbkavot]), head (pronounced [glava]), good (pronounced [harasho]), bone (pronounced [kas❜ ti e no y]), chocolate d ( pronounced [shkala t]), chauvinism zm (pronounced [shvin zm]); c) gutter, acorn, yellowish, tinny, foal (pronounced [zh]), rough, move, whisperers, rustle t, move (pronounced [sh]), workshop (pronounced [ts]).
Note. In some words of foreign origin, in place of the letter about in pre-stressed syllables, the vowel [o] can be pronounced, for example: bolero, bon vivant n (can be pronounced [bo]). In place and in the same position, [a] is sometimes pronounced, for example, parvenu, parmesan (pronounced [pa]). Similar words are provided in the dictionary with indications of pronunciation.
§ 68
§ 68. The consonants [w], [g], [c], denoted by the letters w, g, c, are only solid and are always pronounced firmly, for example: shil (pronounced [shyl]), silk (pronounced [shulk]), noise; lived (pronounced [zhyl]), heat, beetle; zinc (pronounced [tsynk]), heron (pronounced [tsá pl❜ b]).
§ 106
§ 106. Consonants [zh] and [sh] are always pronounced firmly, including in combinations [zhd❜], [zhn❜], [zhl❜], [shn❜], [shl❜]:
[wa❜]: before, walking, condemned, rewarded;
[zhn❜]: artist, shoemaker, former, near, important;
[zhl❜]: polite, thrifty;
[shn❜]: superfluous, external, local;
[sh❜]: industrial, cough, come.
1 Pronouncing dictionary Russian language: Pronunciation, stress, grammatical forms/ S.N. Borunova, V.L. Vorontsova, N.A. Eskova; Ed. R.I. Avanesov. - 4th ed., erased. - M.: Rus. lang., 1988. - 704 p.
