Card file of experiments and experiments
on the topic "Space"
Experience No. 1 "Solar system"
Target : explain to children why all the planets revolve around the sun.
Equipment : yellow stick, thread, 9 balls.
What helps the Sun to hold the entire solar system?
The sun is aided by perpetual motion. If the Sun does not move, the whole system will fall apart and this perpetual motion will not work.
Experience #2 "Sun and Earth"
Target: explain to children the ratio of the sizes of the sun and the earth.
Equipment: big ball and bead.
Imagine if our solar system was reduced so that the Sun became the size of this ball, then the Earth with all cities and countries, mountains, rivers and oceans would become the size of this bead.
Experience No. 3 "Day and night"
Target: explain to the children why there is day and night.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
Ask the children what they think happens when the line between light and dark is blurred. (The guys will guess that this is morning or evening)
Experience No. 4 "Day and night" 2 "
Target : explain to the children why there is day and night.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
Content: we create a model of the rotation of the Earth around its axis and around the Sun. For this we need a globe and a flashlight. Tell the children that nothing stands still in the universe. Planets and stars move along their own, strictly allotted path. Our Earth rotates around its axis, and with the help of a globe, this is easy to demonstrate. On the side of the globe that faces the Sun (in our case, the flashlight) - day, on the opposite side - night. earth axis it is not located directly, but is inclined at an angle (this is also clearly visible on the globe). That is why there is a polar day and polar night. Let the guys make sure that no matter how the globe rotates, one of the poles will always be illuminated, while the other, on the contrary, is darkened. Tell the children about the features of the polar day and night and about how people live in the Arctic Circle.
Experience No. 5 "Who Invented Summer?"
Target: explain to the children why the seasons change.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
Due to the fact that the Sun illuminates the surface of the Earth in different ways, the seasons change. If it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, then it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
Explain that it takes the Earth a whole year to go around the Sun. Show the children the place on the globe where you live. You can even stick a paper man or a photo of a child there. Move the globe and try with the children to determine what season it will be at this point. And do not forget to draw the attention of the guys to the fact that every half-turn of the Earth around the Sun, polar day and night change places.
Experience number 6: "Eclipse of the Sun"
Target: explain to the children why there is an eclipse of the sun.
Equipment: Flashlight, globe.
The most interesting thing is that the Sun is not made black, as many people think. Watching the eclipse through the smoked glass, we are looking at the same Moon, which is just opposite the Sun.
Yeah ... It sounds incomprehensible ... Simple improvised means will help us out. Take a large ball (this, of course, will be the moon). And this time our flashlight will become the Sun. The whole experience is to hold the ball against the light source - here is the black Sun for you ... Everything is very simple, it turns out.
Experience No. 7 "Rotation of the Moon"
Target : show that the moon rotates on its axis.
Equipment: 2 sheets of paper, adhesive tape, felt-tip pen.
Walk around the "Earth" while continuing to face the cross. Stand facing the "Earth". Walk around the "Earth", remaining facing it.
Results: while you walked around the "Earth" and at the same time remained facing the cross hanging on the wall, various parts of your body turned out to be turned towards the "Earth". When you walked around the “Earth”, remaining facing it, you were constantly facing it only with the front of your body. WHY? You had to gradually rotate your body as you moved around the "Earth". And the Moon, too, since it always faces the Earth on the same side, has to gradually turn on its axis as it moves in orbit around the Earth. Since the Moon makes one revolution around the Earth in 28 days, then its rotation around its axis takes the same time.
Experience No. 8 "Blue Sky"
Target: why the earth is called the blue planet.
Equipment: glass, milk, spoon, pipette, flashlight.
Results : A beam of light passes only through pure water, and water diluted with milk has a bluish-gray tint.
WHY? The waves that make up white light have different wavelengths depending on the color. The milk particles give off and scatter short blue waves, which makes the water appear bluish. The molecules of nitrogen and oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere, like milk particles, are small enough to also separate blue waves from sunlight and scatter them throughout the atmosphere. This makes the sky look blue from Earth, and the Earth looks blue from space. The color of the water in the glass is pale and not pure blue, because the large particles of milk reflect and scatter more than just blue. The same happens with the atmosphere when large amounts of dust or water vapor accumulate there. The cleaner and drier the air, the bluer sky, because blue waves scatter the most.
Experience No. 9 "Far, close"
Target: determine how distance from the sun affects air temperature.
Equipment: 2 thermometers, table lamp, long ruler (meter)
Results: the near thermometer shows a higher temperature.
WHY? The thermometer, which is closer to the lamp, receives more energy and therefore heats up more. The farther the light from the lamp spreads, the more its rays diverge, and they can no longer heat up the far thermometer much. The same thing happens with the planets. Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun, receives the most energy. Planets farther from the Sun receive less energy and their atmospheres are colder. Mercury is much hotter than Pluto, which is very far from the Sun. As for the temperature of the planet's atmosphere, it is influenced by other factors, such as its density and composition.
Experience No. 10 "Is it far to the moon?"
Target: learn how to measure the distance to the moon.
Equipment : 2 flat mirrors, duct tape, table, notebook paper, flashlight.
Tape the mirrors together so that they open and close like a book. Put mirrors on the table.
Attach a piece of paper to your chest. Place the flashlight on the table so that the light falls on one of the mirrors at an angle.
Find a second mirror in such a position that it reflects light onto a piece of paper on your chest.
Results: a ring of light appears on the paper.
WHY? The light was first reflected by one mirror onto another, and then onto a paper screen. The retroreflector left on the Moon is made up of mirrors similar to those we used in this experiment. By measuring the time it took for a laser beam sent from the Earth to be reflected in a retroreflector mounted on the Moon and return to Earth, scientists calculated the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
Experience No. 11 "Distant Glow"
Target: to establish why the ring of Jupiter shines.
Equipment: flashlight, talcum powder in plastic packaging with holes.
Results: the beam of light is barely visible until the powder hits it. The scattered particles of talc begin to shine and the light path can be seen.
WHY? Light cannot be seen until it bounces off something and enters your eyes. Talc particles behave in the same way as the small particles that make up Jupiter's ring: they reflect light. Jupiter's ring is fifty thousand kilometers from the planet's cloud cover. These rings are thought to be made up of material brought there by Io, the closest of Jupiter's four moons. Io is the only known moon with active volcanoes. It is possible that Jupiter's ring formed from volcanic ash.
Experience No. 12 "Day Stars"
Target: show that the stars are always shining.
Equipment: hole punch, postcard-sized cardboard, white envelope, flashlight.
Results: holes in the cardboard are not visible through the envelope when you shine a flashlight on the side of the envelope facing you, but become clearly visible when the light from the flashlight is directed from the other side of the envelope, directly at you.
WHY? In an illuminated room, light passes through the holes no matter where the lighted flashlight is located, but they become visible only when the hole, due to the light passing through it, begins to stand out against a darker background. The same thing happens with the stars. During the day they shine too, but the sky becomes so bright due to sunlight that the light of the stars is obscured. It is best to look at the stars on moonless nights and away from city lights.
Experience No. 13 "Beyond the Horizon"
Target: establish why the sun can be seen before it rises above the horizon.
Equipment: a clean liter glass jar with a lid, a table, a ruler, books, plasticine.
Place the jar on the table 30 cm from the edge of the table. Fold the books in front of the jar so that only a quarter of the jar is visible. Make a ball the size of a walnut out of plasticine. Put the ball on the table, 10 cm from the jar. Get on your knees in front of books. See through a jar of water while looking over books. If the plasticine ball is not visible, move it.
Remaining in this position, remove the jar from your field of vision.
Results: you can only see the ball through the water jar.
WHY? The water jar allows you to see the balloon behind the stack of books. Whatever you look at can only be seen because the light emitted by that object reaches your eyes. The light reflected from the plasticine ball passes through the jar of water and is refracted in it. Light coming from celestial bodies, goes through earth's atmosphere(hundreds of kilometers of air surrounding the Earth) before reaching us. Earth's atmosphere refracts this light in the same way as a can of water. Due to the refraction of light, the Sun can be seen a few minutes before it rises above the horizon, as well as some time after sunset.
Experience No. 14 "Star Rings"
Target: find out why the stars seem to move in a circle.
Equipment : scissors, ruler, white crayon, pencil, adhesive tape, black paper.
Pierce the circle in the center with a pencil and leave it there, securing the bottom with duct tape. Holding the pencil between your palms, twist it quickly.
Results: light rings appear on the rotating paper circle.
WHY? Our vision retains the image of white dots for a while. Due to the rotation of the circle, their individual images merge into light rings. This is what happens when astronomers take pictures of the stars, taking many hours of exposure. The light from the stars leaves a long circular trail on the photographic plate, as if the stars were moving in a circle. In fact, the Earth itself moves, and the stars are motionless relative to it. Although it seems that the stars are moving, the plate is moving along with the Earth rotating around its axis.
Experience No. 15 "Star Clock"
Target: find out why the stars make a circular motion in the night sky.
Equipment: dark umbrella, squirrel chalk.
Results: the center of the umbrella will stay in one place while the stars move around.
WHY? The stars in the constellation Ursa Major they perform an apparent movement around one central star - Polaris - like the hands on a clock. One rotation takes one day - 24 hours. We see the rotation of the starry sky, but this only seems to us, since our Earth actually rotates, and not the stars around it. It completes one revolution around its axis in 24 hours. The axis of rotation of the Earth is directed towards the North Star and therefore it seems to us that the stars revolve around it.
Theme "Space"
Experience No. 1 "Making a cloud."
Target:
- To acquaint children with the process of formation of clouds, rain.
Equipment: three-liter jar, hot water, ice cubes.
Pour into a 3 liter jar hot water(approximately 2.5 cm). Place a few ice cubes on a baking sheet and place it on top of the jar. The air inside the jar, rising up, will cool. The water vapor it contains will condense to form clouds.
This experiment simulates the formation of clouds when warm air cools. And where does the rain come from? It turns out that the drops, heated up on the ground, rise up. It gets cold there, and they huddle together, forming clouds. When they meet together, they increase, become heavy and fall to the ground in the form of rain.
Experiment No. 2 "The concept of electric charges."
Target:
- introduce children to the fact that all objects have electric charge.
Equipment: balloon, a piece of woolen cloth.
Blow up a small balloon. Rub the ball on wool or fur, and even better on your hair, and you will see how the ball will begin to stick to literally all objects in the room: to the closet, to the wall, and most importantly, to the child.
This is because all objects have a certain electrical charge. As a result of contact between two different materials, electrical discharges are separated.
Experience No. 3 "Solar system".
Target:
Explain to children. Why do all the planets revolve around the sun.
Equipment: yellow wooden stick, thread, 9 balls.
Imagine that the yellow stick is the Sun, and 9 balls on the strings are the planets
We rotate the wand, all the planets fly in a circle, if you stop it, then the planets will stop. What helps the Sun to hold the entire solar system? ..
The sun is aided by perpetual motion.
That's right, if the Sun does not move the whole system will fall apart and this perpetual motion will not work.
Experience No. 4 "Sun and Earth".
Target:
Explain to children the relationship between the sizes of the Sun and the Earth
Equipment: big ball and bead.
The dimensions of our beloved luminary are small compared to other stars, but huge by earthly standards. The diameter of the Sun exceeds 1 million kilometers. Agree, even for us adults it is difficult to imagine and comprehend such dimensions. “Imagine if our solar system was reduced so that the Sun became the size of this ball, then the earth, together with all cities and countries, mountains, rivers and oceans, would become the size of this bead.
Experience number 5 "Day and night."
Target:
It's best to do this on a model solar system! . For her, you need only two things - a globe and a regular flashlight. Turn on a flashlight in a darkened group room and point the globe at roughly your city. Explain to the children: “Look; a flashlight is the Sun, it shines on the Earth. Where there is light, the day has already come. Here, let's turn a little more - now it just shines on our city. Where the rays of the sun do not reach, we have night. Ask the children what they think happens when the line between light and dark is blurred. I'm sure any kid will guess that it's morning or evening
Experience No. 6 "Day and night No. 2"
Target: - explain to the children why there is day and night.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
we create a model of the rotation of the Earth around its axis and the Sun. To do this, we need a globe and a flashlight. Tell the children that nothing in the universe stands still. Planets and stars move along their own, strictly defined path. Our Earth rotates around its axis, and with the help of a globe, this is easy to demonstrate. On the side of the globe that faces the sun (in our case, the lamp) - day, on the opposite side - night. The earth's axis is not straight, but tilted at an angle (this is also clearly visible on the globe). That is why there is a polar day and a polar night. Let the guys make sure that no matter how he rotates the globe, one of the poles will always be illuminated, and the other, on the contrary, will be darkened. Tell the children about the features of the polar day and night and about how people live beyond the Arctic Circle.
Experience number 7 "Who invented the summer?".
Target:
- explain to the children why there is winter and summer.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
Let's look at our model again. Now we will move the globe around the “sun” and observe what happens to
lighting. Due to the fact that the sun illuminates the surface of the Earth in different ways, the seasons change. If it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, then it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere. Explain that it takes the Earth a whole year to go around the Sun. Show the children the place on the globe where you live. You can even stick a little paper man or a photo of a baby there. Move the globe and try it with the kids
determine what time of year it will be at that point. And do not forget to draw the attention of young astronomers to the fact that every half-turn of the Earth around the Sun, the polar day and night change places.
Experience No. 8 "Eclipse of the sun."
Target:
- explain to the children why there is an eclipse of the sun.
Equipment: flashlight, globe.
Many of the phenomena that occur around us can be explained even completely. little child simple and clear. And it is a must to do so! Solar eclipses in our latitudes are very rare, but this does not mean that we should bypass such a phenomenon!
The most interesting thing is that the Sun is not made black, as some people think. Watching the eclipse through the smoked glass, we are looking at the same Moon, which is just opposite the Sun. Yes... it sounds unclear. We will be rescued by simple improvised means.
Take a large ball (this, of course, will be the moon). And this time, our flashlight will become the Sun. The whole experience is to hold the ball against the light source - here is the black Sun for you ... How simple it is, it turns out.
Experience No. 9 "Water in a spacesuit".
Target:
Establish what happens to water in an enclosed space, such as a space suit.
Equipment: a jar with a lid.
Pour enough water into the jar to cover the bottom.
Close the jar with a lid.
Place the jar in direct sunlight for two hours.
RESULTS: Liquid accumulates on the inside of the jar.
WHY? The heat coming from the Sun causes the water to evaporate (turn from liquid to gas). Hitting the cool surface of the can, the gas condenses (turns from a gas into a liquid). Through the pores of the skin, people secrete a salty liquid - sweat. Evaporating sweat, as well as water vapor emitted by people when breathing, after a while condense on various parts suit - just like water in a jar - for now inner part the suit will not get wet. To prevent this from happening, a tube was attached to one part of the suit, through which dry air enters. Humid air and excess heat generated by the human body exits through another tube in another part of the suit. Air circulation keeps the spacesuit cool and dry.
Experience No. 10 "Rotation of the Moon".
Target:
Show that the moon rotates on its axis.
Equipment: two sheets of paper, adhesive tape, felt-tip pen.
PROCESS: Draw a circle in the center of one sheet of paper.
Write the word "Earth" in a circle and place the paper on the floor.
Use a felt-tip pen to draw a large cross on another sheet and tape it to the wall.
Stand near the sheet lying on the floor with the inscription "Earth" and at the same time stand facing another sheet of paper where a cross is drawn.
Walk around the "Earth" while continuing to face the cross.
Stand facing the "Earth".
Walk around the "Earth", remaining facing it.
RESULTS: While you were walking around the "Earth" and at the same time remained facing the cross hanging on the wall, various parts of your body turned out to be turned to the "Earth". When you walked around the “Earth”, remaining facing it, you were constantly facing it only with the front of your body.
WHY? You had to gradually rotate your body as you moved around the "Earth". And the Moon, too, since it always faces the Earth on the same side, has to gradually turn on its axis as it moves in orbit around the Earth. Since the Moon makes one revolution around the Earth in 28 days, then its rotation around its axis takes the same time.
Experience No. 11 "Blue Sky".
Target:
Find out why the Earth is called the blue planet.
Equipment: glass, milk, spoon, pipette, flashlight.
PROCESS: Fill a glass with water. Add a drop of milk to the water and stir. Darken the room and position the flashlight so that the beam of light from it passes through the central part of the glass of water. Return the flashlight to its original position.
RESULTS: A beam of light passes only through pure water, and water diluted with milk has a bluish-gray tint.
WHY? The waves that make up white light have different wavelengths depending on the color. The milk particles give off and scatter short blue waves, which makes the water appear bluish. The molecules of nitrogen and oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere, like milk particles, are small enough to also separate blue waves from sunlight and scatter them throughout the atmosphere. This makes the sky look blue from Earth, and the Earth looks blue from space. The color of the water in the glass is pale and not pure blue, because the large particles of milk reflect and scatter more than just blue. The same happens with the atmosphere when large amounts of dust or water vapor accumulate there. The cleaner and drier the air, the bluer the sky, as blue waves scatter the most.
Experience No. 12 "Far - close."
Target:
Determine how distance from the sun affects air temperature.
Equipment: two thermometers, table lamp, long ruler (meter).
PROCESS: Take a ruler and place one thermometer at the 10 cm mark and the second thermometer at the 100 cm mark.
Place a table lamp at the zero mark of the ruler.
Turn on the lamp. Record the readings of both thermometers after 10 minutes.
RESULTS: The near thermometer shows a higher temperature.
WHY? The thermometer, which is closer to the lamp, receives more energy and therefore heats up more. The farther the light from the lamp spreads, the more its rays diverge, and they can no longer heat up the far thermometer much. The same thing happens with the planets. Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun, receives the most energy. Planets farther from the Sun receive less energy and their atmospheres are colder. Mercury is much hotter than Pluto, which is very far from the Sun. As for the temperature of the atmosphere of the Planet, it is also influenced by other factors, such as its density and composition.
Experience number 13 "Is it far to the moon?".
Target
Learn how to measure the distance to the moon.
Equipment: two flat mirrors, sticky tape, a table, a sheet of notebook, a flashlight.
PROCESS: ATTENTION: The experiment must be carried out in a room that can be darkened.
Tape the mirrors together so that they open and close like a book. Put mirrors on the table.
Attach a piece of paper to your chest. Place the flashlight on the table so that the light hits one of the mirrors at an angle.
Find a second mirror in such a position that it reflects light onto a piece of paper on your chest.
RESULTS: A ring of light appears on the paper.
WHY? The light was first reflected by one mirror onto another, and then onto a paper screen. The retroreflector left on the Moon is made up of mirrors similar to those we used in this experiment. By measuring the time it took for a laser beam sent from the Earth to be reflected in a retroreflector mounted on the Moon and return to Earth, scientists calculated the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
Experience No. 14 "Distant glow".
Target:
Determine why the ring of Jupiter shines.
Equipment : flashlight, talcum powder in a plastic package with holes.
PROCESS: Darken the room and place the flashlight on the edge of the table.
Keep an open container of talc under a beam of light.
Squeeze the container sharply.
RESULTS: The beam of light is barely visible until the powder hits it. The scattered particles of talc begin to shine and the light path can be seen.
WHY? Light cannot be seen until it is reflected
from anything and will not get into your eyes. Talc particles behave in the same way as the small particles that make up Jupiter's ring: they reflect light. Jupiter's ring is fifty thousand kilometers from the planet's cloud cover. These rings are thought to be made up of material brought there by Io, the closest of Jupiter's four large moons. Io is the only known moon with active volcanoes. It is possible that Jupiter's ring formed from volcanic ash.
Experience No. 15 "Daytime stars".
Target:
Show that the stars are always shining.
Equipment : hole punch, postcard-sized cardboard, white envelope, flashlight.
PROCESS: Punch a few holes in the cardboard with a hole punch.
Put the card in an envelope. Being in a well-lit room, take an envelope with a cardboard box in one hand, and a flashlight in the other. Turn on the flashlight and from 5 cm shine it on the side of the envelope facing you, and then on the other side.
RESULTS: Holes in the cardboard are not visible through the envelope when you shine a flashlight on the side of the envelope facing you, but become clearly visible when the light from the flashlight is directed from the other side of the envelope directly at you.
WHY? In an illuminated room, light passes through the holes in the cardboard no matter where the lighted flashlight is located, but they become visible only when the hole, due to the light passing through it, begins to stand out against a darker background. The same thing happens with the stars. During the day they shine too, but the sky becomes so bright due to sunlight that the light of the stars is obscured. It is best to look at the stars on moonless nights and away from city lights.
Experience No. 16 "Beyond the Horizon".
Target:
Determine why the Sun can be seen before it rises above the horizon
Equipment : a clean liter glass jar with a lid, a table, a ruler, books, plasticine.
PROCESS: Fill the jar with water until it overflows. Close the jar tightly with a lid. Place the jar on the table 30 cm from the edge of the table. Fold the books in front of the jar so that only a quarter of the jar is visible. Make a ball the size of a walnut out of plasticine. Place the ball on the table 10 cm from the jar. Get on your knees in front of books. See through a jar of water while looking over books. If the plasticine ball is not visible, move it.
Staying in the same position, remove the jar from your field of vision.
RESULTS:
You can only see the ball through the water jar.
WHY?
The water jar allows you to see the balloon behind the stack of books. Whatever you look at can only be seen because the light emitted by that object reaches your eyes. The light reflected from the plasticine ball passes through the jar of water and is refracted in it. Light from heavenly bodies travels through the earth's atmosphere (hundreds of kilometers of air surrounding the earth) before reaching us. Earth's atmosphere refracts this light in the same way as a can of water. Due to the refraction of light, the Sun can be seen a few minutes before it rises above the horizon, and also some time after sunset.
O torture number 17 "Eclipse and the crown."
Target:
Demonstrate how the Moon helps observe the solar corona.
Equipment : a table lamp, a pin, a piece of not very thick cardboard.
PROCESS: Use a pin to make a hole in the cardboard. Open the hole slightly so you can see through it. Turn on the lamp. Close your right eye. Hold the card to your left eye. Look through the hole at the turned on lamp.
RESULTS: Looking through the hole, you can read the inscription on the light bulb.
WHY? The cardboard covers most of the light coming from the lamp, and makes it possible to see the inscription. During solar eclipse The moon obscures the bright sunlight and makes it possible to study the less bright outer shell - the solar corona.
Experience No. 18 "Star Rings".
Target:
Determine why the stars seem to move in a circle.
Equipment : scissors, ruler, white crayon, pencil, adhesive tape, black paper.
PROCESS: Cut out a circle with a diameter of 15 cm from paper. Randomly draw 10 small dots with chalk on a black circle. Pierce the circle in the center with a pencil and leave it there, securing the bottom with duct tape. Holding the pencil between your palms, twist it quickly.
RESULTS: Light rings appear on a rotating paper circle.
WHY? Our vision retains the image of white dots for a while. Due to the rotation of the circle, their individual images merge into light rings. This is what happens when astronomers take pictures of the stars, taking many hours of exposure. The light from the stars leaves a long circular trail on the photographic plate, as if the stars were moving in a circle. In fact, the Earth itself moves, and the stars are motionless relative to it. Although it seems to us that the stars are moving, the photographic plate is moving along with the Earth rotating around its axis.
Experience No. 19 "Star clock".
Target:
Find out why the stars make a circular motion in the night sky.
Equipment : dark umbrella, white chalk.
PROCESS: With chalk, draw the constellation Ursa Major on one of the segments on the inside of the umbrella. Raise your umbrella over your head. Slowly rotate the umbrella counterclockwise.
RESULTS: The center of the umbrella stays in one place while the stars move around.
WHY? The stars in the constellation Ursa Major make an apparent movement around one central star - Polaris - like the hands on a clock. One rotation takes one day - 24 hours. We see the rotation of the starry sky, but it only seems to us, because our Earth actually rotates, and not the stars around it. It completes one revolution around its axis in 24 hours. The axis of rotation of the Earth is directed towards the North Star, and therefore it seems to us that the stars revolve around it.
Before the start of the thematic week, show your child a photo or presentation about the planets, the solar system, space, read a thematic book.
- We make a rocket for space travel. A rocket can be made from chairs, pillows, boxes, cardboard, bottles, drawn, molded from plasticine, laid out from counting sticks, cubes, constructor.
Here are some examples of crafts "Rocket":
- Play astronaut training for flight.
The spacesuit check begins. Is the helmet comfortable on the head? (Turns, tilts of the head to the right, to the left, forward, backward, circular rotation of the head).
An astronaut can move in space using a device placed in a satchel on his back. We check how tightly the satchel is held behind the back. (Circular movements, raising and lowering the shoulders).
Are the numerous zippers and buckles fastened well? (Turns and tilts of the body to the right, left, forward, backward, circular movements of the body, tilts to the feet).
Do the gloves fit snugly around the hands? (Rotational movements hands extended forward at chest level, variable and simultaneous swings of the arms, raising the arms up in front of you with alternate flexion and extension of the hands, lower down through the sides, also alternately bending and unbending the hands).
How does the radio work, does it not junk? (Half squats, jumping on two legs in place).
Boots don't fit? (Walking in a circle on toes, heels, outer and inner feet, from the toe, lateral gallop to the right, to the left, step in single file).
Is the "heating system" of the spacesuit in order? Is it easy to breathe in it? (Inhale - hands up, exhale - hands down).
- Launch a rocket.
Put a paper rocket on a cocktail straw and blow into the straw so that the rocket takes off:
Inflate a balloon - a rocket, glue a cocktail tube to it with tape. Pull a thread through the room, thread it through the tube. Now let go of the ball. The air will begin to come out of it, and the balloon will fly.
- Having become acquainted with the planets of the solar system, you can depict them in different ways.- mold from salt dough or plasticine, draw with prints of cut potatoes or a cork lid, lay out with buttons or plasticine, make a mobile from cardboard or felt figures.
We made this drawing: we painted a starry sky, splashing white paint on black paper with a brush. Each planet separately, cut out and glued them to the starry sky.
The moon can be drawn like this. Cut out a circle from cardboard, draw circles on it with wax crayons - craters, and then paint over the entire moon with watercolors.
Flashlight "Constellations". Draw the constellations on black cardboard, make holes in the places where the stars are located. Glue the resulting cards on paper cupcake liners, put on a flashlight and tie with a thread. Now, light a flashlight in a dark room and point it at the wall to get a projection of the constellation.
Valentina Valerievna Sayasova
I bring to your attention a few experiments that we did with children when studying the topic. « Space» .
1. Experience "Why does the rocket fly":
Take a balloon and inflate it, but do not tie it, but pinch it with your fingers.
There is air in the balloon, what will happen if we release the balloon? It will fly correctly, fly like a rocket up and forward. Of course, the rocket is not inflated with ordinary air, but with a combustible substance. When burned, this substance turns into gas, which escapes from the rocket and pushes it forward.
2. Experience "Why is the sun small":
It seems to us that the sun is very small, and the Earth is big. But it's not. The sun is huge. For example, if you take a soccer ball for the Sun, but our planet will be the size of a pinhead!
Now go to the window (or standing on the street, put your finger in front of you and look at someone (or something) far away, for example a person. It seems to us smaller than our finger! Truth! But it only seems! We know that the finger less than a person. But why? Man is far away from us, so the Sun is very, very, very far from us. And we see him small.
3. Experience "Day Night".
Why is it daytime in one part of the planet and night in the other. You can take a globe or a ball, or you can become the planet Earth yourself. Stand with your back to a table lamp (or flashlight) in a dark room. The light from the lamp falls on your back, here the Sun illuminates the planet and it is daytime on this half of the Earth.
On the other hand, night. Now we are slowly turning towards the Sun Lamp (because our planet revolves around itself) and where there was night, there was day and vice versa.
Literature.
Galpershtein L. Ya. My first encyclopedia. - M., ROSMEN. -2003.
Interesting experiments for children at home will allow you to lure the baby to interesting activity, as well as stimulate his cognition and desire to learn new things. You can conduct a variety of experiments from the moment when the child is able to perceive information or at least carefully observe the process. The best option for the simplest experiments is the age of 2 years, after which, following the growth of the child, you can complicate the experiments and bring your child to help.
modern science for children and parents allows you to use improvised materials for various experiments at home. Children in the world of science will be able to better know all the features of what is happening around, as well as learn a lot of useful and interesting things for themselves. Science through the eyes of children will take on a completely different look, and simple and fun manipulations carried out during all procedures will surely interest your child, and he will be happy to take part.
Simple Science: Experiments and Experiments for Kids
Experiments and experiments for children 5-7 years old will be the best solution for a great pastime with the baby. School years begin and instilling with the help of various interesting "tricks" will be a good solution. entertaining science, held at home, opens up a completely different world for the child, in which seemingly simple things turn into something unimaginable.
Simple scientific activities for children of different ages will allow your child to better understand the characteristics of different substances, their combinations and arouse a healthy interest in learning new things, but for now we bring to your attention 6 experiments that you can do at home.
Chemical experiments for children are an important point, because you can not only discover something new for a child, but also explain the behavioral patterns with different substances and the precautions to be taken. Your attention is presented 3 chemical experiments, which can be carried out at home.
non-newtonian fluid
A fairly simple experiment, which requires only water and starch. You can use any color food coloring to add color. It is necessary to mix water with starch in a ratio of 1 to 1. The result is a substance that, in a calm form, retains all the characteristics of water, but upon impact or an attempt to break, it acquires indicators more characteristic of a solid body.
Turning milk into a cow
An interesting experiment using milk and vinegar. Milk should be slightly heated in the microwave or on the stove, without boiling. After that, add vinegar to the container with milk and begin to mix actively. After a while, clots begin to form, consisting of casein, a protein found in cow's milk. With a large accumulation of these clots, strain the liquid, and collect the collected casein clots into one, from which you can fashion a figure of a cow or any other object. After drying the product, after a few days you get a durable toy made of natural material with hypoallergenic characteristics.
"Elephant Toothpaste"
An impressive experiment that causes a sea of positive emotions and delight in a child. It will require hydrogen peroxide (6%), dry yeast, liquid soap, food coloring and some water. To obtain the effect, it is necessary to add yeast to a mixture of water, soap and peroxide. The exothermic reaction caused by this will lead to an instantaneous expansion of the resulting sweep, which will immediately blow out of the container like a fountain. To keep the house clean, it is better to conduct this experiment on the street, because the height of the jet can reach several meters.
However, not only chemistry can please your kids. There are also experiments for children in such a field of science as physics. Especially for you, we have prepared 3 of the simplest of them.
Leaky package
To conduct the experiment, a regular bag, some water and a few sharpened pencils are enough. It is necessary to draw water into the bag and tie it tightly. After that comes the moment of true surprise for your children when, having completely pierced the bag with a pencil, the water will not flow from it. This is due to the fact that polyethylene is a fairly elastic material and is able to envelop a pencil, preventing water from flowing out.
Frozen soap bubble
To implement this idea, you will need an ordinary soap bubble and suitable weather conditions (preferably -15 degrees). The child will be able to watch how quickly an ordinary bubble changes its state of aggregation, freezing and acquiring a completely different look.
color tower
All you need is water, sugar and various food colorings. By mixing water with sugar in various proportions, you get mixtures of different density, which allows them not to mix with each other in one vessel, thus creating a turret of different colors.
You can also learn a lot of interesting things by watching the program simple science, exciting experiments for children, the videos of which we have already prepared for you.
