High-quality military clothing is the key to high combat effectiveness of the army. The modern Russian military uniform meets all the requirements: it is comfortable, reliable and functional. A new military uniform was released in our country in 2019, and now every soldier of the armed forces is equipped with it.

Military uniforms are divided into three main types:

• Front - used during ceremonial events (at parades, during military holidays, at ceremonies for receiving military awards, etc.);
• Field - used during hostilities, service, providing assistance to civilians during natural disasters, etc .;
• Office - used in cases not related to the first two categories.

Global reform of the form of the Russian army

The modern history of Russia has several unsuccessful attempts to change the uniforms of military personnel. While in our country a lot of money was spent on unsuccessful experiments, in the US Army, military clothing became more comfortable, its performance characteristics increased, and innovative materials were used in the production of clothing.

The modern military uniform began its journey in 2007, when Anatoly Serdyukov held the post of Minister of Defense. It was then that a large-scale sketch competition was organized, in which thousands of designers from all over the country took part. The Ministry of Defense awarded the victory to the famous designer Valentin Yudashkin.

For the next two years, specialists were engaged in the development of final versions of a new army uniform, intended for further equipment of the Russian army. The result was a set of clothes, in many ways similar to American uniforms. The developers did not agree with this opinion, although many factors spoke precisely in favor of this comparison.

Winter military uniforms caused particular dissatisfaction. She did not protect the soldiers from the cold. For this reason, the Ministry of Defense received many complaints every day about the inadequate quality of the winter kit. This led to an outbreak of colds among the military. There were also complaints about the appearance of the uniform: some stylistic decisions were copied from kits from other countries. The stumbling block was the quality of the fabric and threads: new military clothing quickly fell into disrepair.

Negative reviews, dissatisfaction with soldiers and army specialists made the Ministry of Defense think about changing the equipment. The decision to take American clothes as a basis was erroneous, such suits did not fit the conditions of our country. A new set of military uniforms, developed subsequently, consisted of 19 parts. The approximate cost of one set is 35 thousand rubles. The parade version did not suffer any special changes, since it is the field uniform that is of particular importance.

New field military uniform of the RF Armed Forces

The first change that caught your eye was the change in the location of the shoulder straps on the uniform. In 2010, the "NATO" version was proposed, shoulder straps in it were located on the "belly". Many servicemen did not like this, as they were "used to seeing epaulettes on their shoulders." Chevrons on the uniform are located on both sleeves. The addition was the appearance of fitted overcoats, quickly fastened elements of clothing with Velcro. For the first time in history, Russian officers received warm sweaters. It was not possible to completely replace footcloths and boots.

Valentin Yudashkin was blamed for the failed project of a new military suit. In 2012, he spoke to reporters and stated that the clothes adopted for use are very different from his version. In particular, in order to reduce the cost, materials were replaced with lower quality ones. Journalists came to the conclusion that only the appearance remained from the version of the fashion designer.

The new generation military uniform was developed based on the feedback of thousands of soldiers from all over the country. The shape of the sun has become multi-layered. This allows each soldier to independently choose the necessary elements of clothing, guided by the goals and objectives set for him, as well as weather conditions.

The modified VKPO kit includes a basic suit, several types of jackets, boots for different seasons and much more, including a balaclava, a synthetic belt and quality socks. Tailoring of military uniforms is carried out from a blended fabric, which includes 65% cotton and 35% polymer materials.

Russian military clothing of the new model was in every soldier at the end of 2019, as previously planned by the Ministry of Defense. The change of equipment took place in three stages. In 2013, 100,000 new kits were issued, in 2014 - 400,000 and in 2019 - 500,000. For 3 years, a million military personnel were provided.

The complete rejection of footcloths deserves special attention. Modern military uniforms include 12 pairs of socks for one soldier, which he wears for a year. In the near future, it is planned to increase the number of pairs per military man to 24 pieces.

VKPO sets for wearing at different atmospheric temperatures

The military uniform of the new sample is presented in two sets:

• Basic uniform for wearing at temperatures above +15 degrees Celsius;
• Multi-layer system for wearing at temperatures from +15 to -40 degrees Celsius.

In winter, soldiers wear lightweight or fleece underwear sets. They are selected depending on the air temperature. In particularly cold areas, both sets of underwear can be worn one on top of the other.

For equipment in summer period years, pants, jacket, beret and boots are used. The surface of the garment is carefully treated with an innovative solution that repels moisture. It allows clothes to stay dry in the rain for up to two hours. For protection against mechanical influences, military clothing is equipped with reinforcing elements. Such kits are used in parts with a high degree of load.

The rules for wearing military uniforms allow the use of a fleece jacket in the autumn season: excellent thermal insulation is provided by the pile with which it is covered on both sides. From strong winds, a windbreaker jacket is worn with trousers of the fifth layer.

For the autumn period, a demi-season military suit is intended. The material from which it is made provides reliable protection from the wind, a good degree of vapor permeability and dries quickly after getting wet. During heavy rains, it is permissible to use a wind and water protection kit. The membrane and reliable sizing of the layers provide reliable protection against moisture.

In winter, a warm jacket and vest are worn, which protect against moisture and wind. Despite the high degree of protection against frost, they are light and practical. For very low temperatures, a warm hat and balaclava are provided.

Modern full dress military uniform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

The design basis of the dress uniform has not changed for many years, as it still meets modern requirements and at the same time pays tribute to history. Only a few elements have been replaced in last years due to their obsolescence. Dress uniforms are worn at parades, holidays, when receiving military awards, etc.

IN Russian army There are three approaches to the formation of such a set of uniforms:

• Traditional. Clothing sets include elements created back in the 19th century. A good example is the ceremonial set of the Presidential Regiment of the Russian Federation - their costumes are identical to the uniform of the Imperial Guard, adopted in 1907;
• Modern. The cut of the dress uniform corresponds to the daily set, the same colors can be used. For example, in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the color of the ceremonial tunic matches the everyday one. Everyday elements are complemented by ceremonial elements;
• Universal. The color of the ceremonial suit may be the same as the everyday one, but the colors of the ceremonial elements must be different without fail.

The parade uniform in strict order must comply with the following standards:

• The stylist of the military uniform of the military personnel of the Russian Army must be observed;
• A military dress for parade purposes should be strict and elegant;
• In production, only high-quality materials should be used.

Changes to the design of the dress uniform are rarely made, its main style is determined by history. Various optional items may change each year. A change in the materials used in production is only permissible if it improves the quality and performance of the suit.

Noteworthy is the general's ceremonial attire. It is also similar to a casual suit, but has a different color scheme. The color of the dress uniform is gray, worn with bluish trousers and black boots. There are patches on the collar and cuffs.

Everyday uniform of military personnel

The color of the daily uniform depends on the rank and affiliation. Military clothing of the Russian army of everyday type for generals and officers is olive in color, in the Air Force - blue. Caps match the color of the outfit. The color scheme was based on the 1988 pattern. The decorative elements on the caps are painted gold. Men's winter clothes have not changed since the last reform.

Girls in military uniform can now feel comfortable. Dresses and skirts comfortably fit the body, emphasizing feminine beauty. Women's military clothing - olive or blue flowers. In the winter season, a short, fitted coat is used. Female sergeants and enlisted men wear an olive daily uniform. In the warm season, there should be a cap on the head, in winter - an astrakhan beret introduced by the latest reform.

Sergeants, soldiers and cadets of everyday uniforms are deprived due to uselessness. Alternatively, they are encouraged to wear winter or summer field gear.

The military uniform of this type in the winter period of the year provides for a gray coat for military personnel (blue for the Air Force and Airborne Forces). For the autumn period, a blue demi-season jacket is provided, for rains in the summer season - an elongated raincoat that does not allow moisture to pass through. Black coloring for additional items of clothing (belt, boots and socks).

Modern office uniform of the Russian army

Such a set of clothes is a kind of everyday wear, used by generals, officers and employees of the Ministry of Defense of certain ranks. A military suit of this kind resembles the everyday clothes of the Ministry of Emergencies. The kit includes:

• Soft cap. All military units - green, airborne units were left with a blue beret;
• Cap-colored shirt with long or short sleeves (the choice depends on the weather). Velcro straps can be attached to the shoulders, a tie is not applicable;
• White T-shirt (worn under the shirt);
• Cap-colored trousers and straight-cut shirts.

In the cold season with an office uniform, the use of a warm jacket is acceptable. It is possible to attach an additional hood. The cap can be replaced with a warm hat with earflaps. Velcro straps are attached to the shoulders of the costume.

Each year, the office uniform undergoes minor changes. These include the introduction and abolition of various costume sewing, changing the shape of insignia, etc. It is forbidden to use an office suit as a field suit. Care and rules for wearing military uniforms

The rules for wearing military uniforms are regulated by order 1500 - the suit must always be clean. To keep it that way, you need to know about some of the intricacies of caring for it. Improper washing or drying can spoil the appearance, which will lead to official troubles. Before cleaning clothes, read the information on the label.

Woolen clothes are recommended to be washed by hand in warm water. If this is not possible, then you can use the washing machine, but the washing mode should be the most gentle. Military clothing sizes may become smaller if washed with hot water. Wringing wool products is prohibited.

Everyday military equipment is less whimsical to care for. It can be washed in washing machine in any mode with any washing powder. In addition, a casual suit is able to withstand water of any temperature.

It is not recommended to clean a beautiful dress uniform at home. This process is best entrusted to professionals in the dry cleaning service.

The new Russian military clothing, put into service in 2019, surpasses the previous generation in all respects. This became possible after the refusal to copy the American design, unsuitable for the climatic conditions of our country. The military uniform of the Russian Federation is considered one of the best in the world.

If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.

Original taken from hhhhhhhhl in About men's style. Army uniform of World War II.

No style - no person. Stylelessness is a terrible Russian scourge. I don't know who designed the American military uniform during World War II, but it was a cool uniform. In it, every soldier looked like a winner.
When they landed in Normandy, they were pleasant to look at. You look at the chronicle: you yourself want to be an American soldier. A simple round helmet with a dangling clasp, comfortable trousers with flashy pockets, a tunic that looks like a spacious blouse, a beautiful machine gun, and boots - what boots! In these boots, and die is not scary.
The Americans then scored everyone in style: the too decorative British, and the prim French, and the Nazis in overly aggressive uniforms, and our soldiers with medals on their chests. Americans and cowboys were stylish, in their cowboy headscarves and hats, and the soldiers turned out to be almost haute couture.
More than half a century has passed since the Second World War, and nothing has changed in the sense of state style in our country. You watch the Chechen chronicle of the 1990s and understand: the Russians could not win there, if only because they did not look convincing. The Chechens knew how to properly tie their Muslim bandage on their foreheads, and they carried weapons in their hands beautifully. And the Russian army is one stylistic misunderstanding. Especially command. Bulky, clumsy. Some kind of crooked. If someone is wearing glasses, then the glasses are unthinkable, ugly.
I'm not talking about the policemen. Guards with corroded faces. God marks the rogue. From them only caricatures to write.
And the government elite! They put on costumes, but they didn’t change their eyes - they flaunt with thievish eyes. We have all the corruption-derived from these eyes. Theft is a sign of stylelessness. Or the intelligentsia: they talk about Joyce-Borges, but they themselves are dressed, combed ... The gap between form and content? But I don't believe in formless content. Not enough money? Yes, it's all about the money! The American cowboy was also a poor man. And everyone is also surprised why the Russians in the West “do not pass”, why, after a brief fashion for Russia, everyone turned their backs on us. Yes, because we look unattractive. Both Russian politicians and Russian tourists are laughable. Who is underdressed, who is dressed up, but the essence is the same - stylelessness.
Lack of style breeds self-doubt and aggressiveness. There is no Russian style now, and this is a disaster. Neither Zaitsev with all his "cranberries", nor patriots in kosovorotkas, nor domestic cinematography saved us from it. We are not Romanians and not even Ukrainians: we have lost all our folklore rituals. To return to them - there is no strength, and it is not necessary. Pre-revolutionary great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers left us nothing as a legacy, except for one or two silver spoons.
Inventing a style out of thin air is impossible. A Russian man - with rare exceptions - does not know how to "sell" himself. There is always "not that" in it.
At the beginning of the 21st century, it was time for a stylistic break. The new generation has already felt the taste and power of style, and it comes off. The first generation of stylistically preoccupied Russians. Getting high on style. included in the style. This is the way of the Russian man to himself.

Viktor Erofeev "Men"

I read this book several years ago, in 2005 to be exact. Erofeev wrote a lot about it, from morning erections to Schnittke, but this little chapter stuck in my mind. How accurate, especially about the cops and politicians, that every day before my eyes - some on the road, others on the TV screen.

You can’t look at a modern military uniform without tears. Only sailors stand apart. New technologies and materials - the generals explained to Putin during a demonstration of uniforms for the army, developed by ours, and I don’t know how to call it, okay, let it be a couturier. The stand-up collar on the jackets is huge, in which the recruit’s neck is like a pencil in a glass, these caps are cylindrical, whoever came up with it first would have to be tied to his head forever, let him walk around Moscow like that, crazy-sized caps, the military themselves call them airfields, and what love for camouflage. Spotted conscripts roam the city, as if they had just come from a forest belt, everything on them is shapeless, some kind of asexual creatures. And although the soldiers of the Soviet army during the Second World War had meager uniforms: a tunic, riding breeches, an overcoat, and a padded jacket, if you were lucky, they looked courageous. And what a silhouette it was, especially for officers after the reform of 1943, even on the chronicle in black and white, not to mention the reconstruction of the uniform of the Great Patriotic War for modern parades.

So I wanted to delve into the topic of the military uniform of the Second World War. In addition, I personally am not so familiar with the chronicle of the allies. Other military operations Even another war, for example, in the colonies, which I know only from the film "The Thin Red Line" by Terrence Malick.
But the main thing for us is the East European Front.

US Army.

The uniform of the US Army is the most thoughtful and comfortable during the Second World War. It was she who set the army fashion for the entire post-war uniform. Even in our famous Afghanka - the uniform of the 1988 model, the features of American uniforms from the Second World War can be traced.

This junior commander of the US Army is dressed in standard field uniform and equipped with a full kit. He wears a light field jacket over a khaki wool shirt; on his feet he wears khaki trousers with linen spats of the same color and low brown boots. Initially, the infantry field uniform was a light-colored khaki twill overall, but soon the overalls were replaced by a woolen shirt and trousers. The sand-colored waterproof jacket had a zip fastening, as well as six or seven (depending on length) buttons on the front and diagonally cut pockets on the sides.

On the right sleeve, stripes indicating the rank are visible, and on the left - the American flag (the Americans, given the tense relations between England and France, took measures to ensure that those who lived in North Africa the French did not mistake their soldiers for the British).
Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

1 2 3 4

1. Private infantry division of the 1st Army June 6, 1944
2. Private 3rd Infantry Division January 1944 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
3. Sergeant 4th class, 101st airborne division June 1944
4. Private 101st Airborne Division November 1944

5 6 7 8

5. Private 1st Infantry Division April 1945
6. Lieutenant of the Air Force 1945
7. Air Force Captain 1944 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
8. Technician Sergeant 2nd Class Air Force 1945

Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

Army of Great Britain.

The first commando unit of the Royal Marines was formed on February 14, 1942, when the headquarters of amphibious operations decided to recruit volunteers from the divisions of the Royal Marines to create a special task strike group. This soldier of the 40th Detachment of the 2nd Commando Brigade of the Royal Marines is dressed in a khaki twill field uniform with a belt and pouches of the 1937 model; on his feet he has boots with gaiters. Camouflage net on the helmet. Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

The Royal Marines originally wore the khaki uniform of the army, but after the outbreak of war they began to wear the standard field uniform. The only distinguishing mark was a straight red and blue shoulder patch with the inscription "Royal Marine" (Royal Marines). The Royal Commandos wore field uniforms with straight woven blue shoulder patches inscribed with "Royal Marines", squad number and "Commando" written in red. Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

1 2 3 4 5

1. Private East Yorkshire Regiment January 1940, this is a camouflage suit, it is supposed to look like this in the snows of Norway;
2. Corporal Hampshire Regiment June 1940
3. Sergeant Welsh Regiment Guards Division September 1940
4. Sergeant, 1st Commando Detachment, USS Campbeltown March 28, 1942
5. Sergeant of the Air Force 1943
Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
6 7 8 9 10 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

6. Captain of the Guards Grenadier Regiment May 1940
7. Air Force Squadron Leader, Volunteer Reserve 1945
8. Lieutenant Infantry 1944 This is an officer of a special reconnaissance unit (Far Desert Intelligence Group), so his uniform is very free, atypical for an ordinary infantryman.
9. Senior Air Force Officer, Observer Corps 1944
10. Lance Corporal 4th Infantry Division May 1940 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

For additional comments thanks partisan_1812

Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
[In my opinion, their helmets were kind of ridiculous.]

Army of France.

This private 1st class is dressed in parade uniform with a blue and black cap. He is wearing a khaki tunic, although the summer army uniform provided for a gabardine tunic. By 1938, all military personnel, except for cavalrymen, received new-style breeches. On the upper part of the soldier's left sleeve there is a patch - a sign of a specialist, indicating that we have a weapons master in front of us.
In the French army, there were three types of headgear: kepi, which was worn by all military personnel, regardless of rank (they were sewn from blue or khaki cloth); field cap - bonnet de police - made of khaki cloth; steel helmet. The type of troops was designated by the color of the cap and buttonholes.

Sadly, it should be noted that the French army in 1940 was completely infected with defeatist sentiments. They became widespread due to the "strange war", as well as the harsh winter of 1939-1940. Therefore, when the German troops broke through the Ardennes, the French did not have the determination to resist them.

Since 1945, the soldier of the Free French troops had a different uniform. It was almost entirely American.

1 2 3 4 5

1. Private Army "Free French" 1940
2. Sergeant Armored Forces 1940
3. Major 46th Infantry Regiment 1940
4. Senior Sergeant of the 502nd Air Reconnaissance Group, 1940
5. Private infantry regiment 1945 (An example of American uniforms.)

Post prepared hhhhhhhhl

Red Army, which turned out to be the strongest.

I will not give a description of ours. Everyone has an idea. But I want to recommend documentary- "Military uniform of the Red and Soviet Army". 4 episodes of 40 minutes. The film tells in detail the history of the creation of military uniforms in the period from 1917 to 1991: a chronicle, comments, Interesting Facts from the non-combat life of the army, the projects of the country's leadership and the reality that prevented the fulfillment of the plan. I was struck by the fact that even after the reduction of the army in the post-war years, those who remained in the service could not be dressed according to the established norms. They could only improve the clothing supply. The rules for wearing military clothing, approved in 1943, provided for, in addition to everyday wear, the presence of dress uniforms for soldiers and officers. But in fact, the officers were provided with this uniform only by 1948. Unfortunately, it was not possible to achieve the same with regard to sergeants, soldiers and cadets.
Download from rutracker.

The film is the third. 1940-1953

.
Even in the summer months of 1941, preparations were launched to provide the personnel of the Red Army with warm clothes for the winter. The main warm clothes, first of all, fur coats and felt boots, were searched for at various pre-war storage warehouses, collected as assistance to the army from the population, and were produced at an accelerated pace by industry with tolerances towards simplification and reduction in price. As a result, the active army was completely satisfied with warm clothes. Which led to some diversity in color and cut of uniforms in the winter of 1941/1942.

Air Force pilot 1943-45, senior sergeant, Don cavalry units 1943

By the way, the German industry was unable to provide its army with winter uniforms, and it is not necessary to say that the blitzkrieg assumed the capture of Moscow before winter, already in the fall it was clear that the blitzkrieg did not smell. Yes, and the capture of Moscow did not mean the end of the war, nor did they go to the tropics, so somewhere the German commissaries were underworked, therefore, during the winter hostilities, the losses of the Wehrmacht from frostbite exceeded the number of combat losses.

The composition of the rear units and institutions, motor transport units of combat formations, as well as drivers of all branches of the armed forces, instead of an overcoat, began to be given a double-breasted wadded jacket. The great tension with the provision of clothing was due to a decline in the output of light industry, some of whose enterprises had not yet established production in evacuation, and those remaining in the field experienced difficulties in raw materials, energy and labor. For those who like to argue whose uniform or whose tanks and planes are the best and so on, the answer is simple.

transfer of a very large the number of defense enterprises beyond the Urals, and their launch into the technological cycle in such a short time. Unparalleled in history, just in such volumes and over such distances, no one has ever transferred industry, and it is unlikely to transfer in the future, the largest industrial migration. So just for this feat, the rear men need to build a huge, enormous monument. By the way, German industry was completely transferred to the war footing only in 1943, and before that, only 25% of the total went to military needs.

For the same reason, the project prepared for May 1942 on the introduction of new insignia was postponed, which intended to provide the entire Red Army with shoulder straps by October 1, 1942.

Naval aviation pilot 1943-45, tanker winter uniform 1942-44

And only in 1943, the order of January 15 of the People's Commissar of Defense I. Stalin No. 25 "On the introduction of new insignia and changes in the uniform of the Red Army" introduced new insignia, Military uniform of the Soviet Red Army 1943-1945, and here is the change order.
I ORDER:

1. To establish the wearing of shoulder straps: FIELD - by military personnel in the Active Army and personnel of units being prepared for dispatch to the front, EVERYDAY - by military personnel of other units and institutions of the Red Army, as well as when wearing dress uniforms.
2. The entire composition of the Red Army to switch to new insignia - shoulder straps in the period from February 1 to February 15, 1943.
3. Make changes to the uniform of the Red Army personnel according to the description.
4. To put into effect the "Rules for wearing uniforms by personnel of the Red Army."
5. Allow the wearing of existing uniforms with new insignia until the next issue of uniforms, in accordance with the current terms and supply standards.
6. Commanders of units and chiefs of garrisons should strictly observe the observance of uniforms and the correct wearing of new insignia.

People's Commissar of Defense I. STALIN.

And how many small changes and nuances that followed, with the introduction new form Let's take gymnasts for example. For gymnasts of the existing sample, the following changes are introduced: The collars of gymnasts of all samples, instead of turn-down ones, are standing, soft, fastened with through loops in front with two small uniform buttons. Straps of the established sample are fastened on the shoulders. Sleeve insignia for gymnasts are abolished.

Red Army infantryman and lieutenant 1943-45

An infantryman of the Red Army in the second half of the war. M1940 helmet olive green, 1943 gymnast has a stand-up collar, no chest pockets, on the left the medal for the "Defense of Stalingrad" was established on December 22, 1942. The difference in shade between the elements of clothing is not significant; manufacturing tolerances and a large number of manufacturers has led to a wide range of khaki, or as it is called khaki. Glass water flask, bags for F-1 and PPSh-41 grenades with a drum magazine. On the back is a simple cotton backpack or duffel bag.
Lieutenant. The cap has a crimson edging, as well as the cuffs of the gymnast. Gymnastka 1943 inner pockets with flaps, still wears blue breeches. With two prongs, the belt buckle was introduced in 1943, in a Tokarev or TT holster, a rocket launcher behind the belt.

Red Army. Standard field uniform of an infantryman 1943

Military tunics of the commanding staff instead of patch pockets have welt (internal) pockets covered with flaps. Uniforms for privates and sergeants - without pockets. On August 5, 1944, breast welt pockets were introduced on the tunics of women of privates and sergeants.

Red Army, medical staff uniform 1943

Most of the medical staff were women. Navy blue berets and skirts had been part of the full dress uniform for the Red Army since the pre-war days, with khaki being assigned in May and August 1942, but most women used the standard men's uniform, or wore mixed clothing that was more comfortable.

76 women were awarded the title, "Hero Soviet Union", many of them posthumously. Since September 16, 1944, sergeants and Red Army soldiers were also officially allowed to have breast welt pockets, but only if they receive officer uniforms unfit for wear after putting it in order.

Major General, Ground Forces 1943-44

Combinations of uniforms from various time periods were quite common during the war. Gymnastka 1935 with a fold-down collar, but shoulder straps are sewn on, With khaki hand-embroidered lace weaves and silver stars. Khaki cap - widely used by all officer ranks in the second half of the war. A commander's bag of this kind supplied under Lend-Lease.

Military uniform of the Soviet Red Army 1943-1945.

Camouflage clothing.

Camouflage clothing, Red Army 1943-1945

A large number of different colors of camouflage were produced during the war, and were used mainly by snipers, scouts, and also for mountain troops. The camouflages are made loose to be worn over any combination of uniforms and gear, with large hoods to cover the helmet.
From left to right. The most common camouflage, consists of two parts, but there were also one-piece overalls. The colors are varied, brown, black or dark green blotched on a pale olive green background. Next up is the simplest form of camouflage: grass garlands, wrapping around the body, equipment, and weapons to break up the image of their visual structure.
Next. By the end of the war, an alternative kind of costume was produced - although not in the same quantities. It was olive green, with lots of small loops all over the surface, on which tufts of grass were attached. And the last type of dressing gown was used by the troops during the Winter War with Finland in 1939-40. and much more widely during the Great Patriotic War.
Some photographs from that time show that some suits were reversible, but it is not clear when this was introduced or how widely used.

Scout of the Red Army, 1944-45

This camouflage suit, produced during the Great Patriotic War, first appeared in 1944, and, it seems, was not very widespread. The complexity of the pattern: a paler background, a sawtooth "seaweed" pattern and inclusions of large brown spots to destroy the image. The scout is armed with a PPS-43 submachine gun, the best submachine gun of the Second World War, the German MP-40 did not lie around. The PPS-43 is lighter and cheaper than the PPSh-41, which to some extent began to replace the latter during the last two years of the war. The box magazine was much more convenient and simpler than the complex round PPSh drum. Three spare magazines in a simple wooden button flap bag. Model 1940 knife, Model 1940 helmet; laced Lend-Lease boots.

Junior lieutenant of rifle units, winter uniform, 1944

A sheepskin coat or sheepskin coat was a popular item of winter clothing, produced in both civilian and military versions. Depending on the length, it was used both in the infantry and in the mechanized units.

Captain of the border troops of the NKVD, parade uniform, 1945

Officer's ceremonial tunic, double-breasted, fitted skirt. It was introduced in 1943. The version of the border troops differed from other NKVD troops, only in green edging and the color of the crown of the cap, the color of the collar tabs and cuffs. On the chest "Order of the Red Banner", established in August 1924; medals "For Military Merit" and "For the Victory over Germany".
On the cap there is a cockade made of gilded metal, a V-shaped badge hand-embroidered. Blue piping on collar and cuffs. On the chest is a medal for "For the Defense of Moscow", established on May 1, 1944.

Lieutenant General, ceremonial uniform 1945

The parade uniform was worn by marshals and generals, commanders of fronts and formations who took part in the parade, in honor of the victory over Germany, in Moscow on June 24, 1945.

Uniform introduced in 1943 but not issued until the end of the war.

Sergeant. Ceremonial uniform 1945

Uniform with a stand-up collar with buttonholes, flaps in the back of the skirt, scarlet piping on the collar, cuffs and pocket flaps. The uniform was tailor-made for each individual, more than 250 dress uniforms of a new standard were sewn, and in total, more than 10 thousand sets of various uniforms for the parade participants were produced in factories, workshops and ateliers of the capital in three weeks. In the hands of the standard of the German infantry battalion. On the right side of the chest of the Order of the "Red Star" and "Patriotic War", above the sign "Guard". On the left chest is the Gold Star of the "Hero of the Soviet Union", and a block of awards. At the parade, participants represented all fronts and fleets, participants should be awarded orders and medals. That is, real selected front-line soldiers took part in the parade.

After passing with the lowered banners and standards of Germany, they were burned along with the platform, the gloves of those who carried the banners and standards were also burned.
In February 1946 people's commissariats defense and navy were merged and transformed into a single ministry of the armed forces of the USSR, and the armed forces themselves acquired new names: " Soviet army' and 'naval forces'.
Since 1946, in fact, work began on new uniforms.

In accordance with the Hague Conventions, wearing military uniform during hostilities or armed conflicts is a prerequisite for determining military personnel as legal combatants with all the special rights arising from this status. At the same time, an obligatory element of a military uniform is insignia, clearly indicating belonging to armed forces one or the other side of the armed conflict. Involved in such conflicts civil uprising may wear a non-uniform form, but must have signs distinguishable, at least at a distance of a shot (armbands, crosses, etc.).

front-line soldier

Corporal (1) in the uniform of 1943 The insignia from the buttonholes were transferred to shoulder straps. The SSH-40 helmet became widespread since 1942. Around the same time, submachine guns began to enter the troops in massive quantities. This corporal is armed with a 7.62 mm Shpagin submachine gun - PPSh-41 - with a 71-round drum magazine. Spare magazines in pouches on the waist belt next to the pouch for three hand grenades. In 1944, along with the drum magazine for the PPSh-41, a 35-round open-end magazine began to be produced, also suitable for the PPS-43. Carob magazines were carried in pouches in three compartments. Grenades were usually carried in pouches on the waist belt.

By the beginning of the war, there were pouches for one grenade, in this case the F-1 (Za) grenade is shown. More practical pouches for three grenades appeared later, a pouches with a fragmentation grenade RG-42 (Зb) are shown. Pouches with two compartments were intended for high-explosive grenades RGD-33, here a grenade with a fragmentation ring (Zc) is shown. The duffel bag of the 1942 model had a simple to primitive design.

Each section had an ax, which was carried by one of the soldiers on a waist belt in a special case (5). A new type of bowler hat (6), similar to the German model. Enamel mug (7). Due to the lack of aluminum, glass flasks with a cork stopper were found in the troops (8). The glass of the flask could be green or brown, as well as transparent. The flasks were suspended from the waist belt by means of a cloth cover. The BN gas mask was equipped with a speech box and an improved TSh filter (9). Gas mask bag with two side pockets for spare eyepiece lenses and a pencil with anti-fogging compound. The spare ammunition pouch was hung on the back from the waist belt and contained six standard five-shots for both (10).

Rookie

Private (1 and 2) in the summer field uniform of the 1936 model. with insignia model 1941. Helmet model 1936 and boots with windings. Field equipment of the 1936 model, almost all equipment of this type was lost in the first year of fighting. The equipment includes a duffel bag, a roll with an overcoat and a raincoat, a food bag, cartridge pouches with two compartments, a sapper shovel, a flask and a gas mask bag. The Red Army soldier is armed with a 7.62-mm Mosin rifle of the 1891/30 model. The bayonet is attached in the opposite direction for ease of carrying. A bakelite medallion (3), a sapper shovel with a case (4), an aluminum flask with a case (5), a bandolier for 14 rifle clips (6) are shown. In the future, instead of leather equipment, tarpaulin was produced. Two five-shot clips (7) were placed in each compartment of the cartridge pouch. The idle pot (8) served both as a saucepan and as a bowl. Boots (9) with windings (10). Gas mask BS with a bag (11). The protrusion between the eye sockets made it possible to wipe the glass that was fogged from the inside and clear the nose. The gas mask was equipped with a T-5 filter.

Uniform of a German corporal (non-commissioned officer), 1939-1940

01 - M-35 field jacket with non-commissioned officer emblem, 02 - M-35 steel helmet with Heeres markings, 03 - Zeltbahn M-31 "Splittermuster" camouflage fabric tent, 04 - gray ("Steingrau") trousers, 05 - leather belt, 06 - gas mask filters bags, 07 - M-38 gas mask, 08 - M-24 grenade, 09 - black leather pouch, 10 - M-31 aluminum bowler hat, 11 - boots, 12 - 7, 92 mm Mauser 98k, 13 - Seitengewehr 84/98 bayonet, 14 - sapper shovel.

Lieutenant's uniform of the 82nd Airborne Sicilly, 1943

01 - M2 helmet with camouflage net, 02 - M1942 jacket, 03 - M1942 pants, 04 - M1934 wool shirt, 05 - boots, 06 - M1936 Carrying belt with M1916 holster for Colt M1911 and pistol, 07 - M1936 webbing, 08 - Carbine M1A1, 09 - M2A1 gas mask, 10 - M1910 folding shovel, 11 - M1942 bowler hat, 12 - M1910 bag, 13 - tokens, 14 - M1918 Mk I knife, 15 - M1936 backpack.

Uniform of the Luftwaffe Hauptmann (captain), FW-190-A8 pilot, Jagdgeschwader 300 "Wild Sau", Germany 1944

01 - LKP N101 headphones, 02 - Nitsche & Günther Fl. 30550 glasses, 03 - Drager model 10-69 oxygen mask, 04 - Hankart, 05 - AK 39Fl. compass, 06 - 25 mm Walter Flarepistol M-43 with ammunition on the belt, 07 - holster, 08 - FW-190 parachute, 09 - aviation boots, 10 - M-37 Luftwaffe breeches, 11 - Luftwaffe leather jacket with Hauptmann and Luftwaffe emblem bandage.

Private ROA (Vlasov's army), 1942-45

01 - Dutch field jacket with ROA on buttonholes and shoulder straps, Heeres eagle on the right chest, 02 - M-40 trousers, 03 - medallion, 04 - M-34 cap with ROA, 05 - boots, 06 - M-42 leggings, 07 - Grman unloading belt with pouches, 08 - M-24 grenade, 09 - M-31 bowler hat, 10 - Bayonet, 11 - M-39 straps, 12 - M-35 helmet with camouflage net, 13 - "New Life" magazine for "eastern" volunteers, 14 - 7.62 mm Mosin 1891/30

US Army Infantry Uniform 1942-1945

01 - M1 helmet, 02 - M1934 shirt, 03 - M1934 sweatshirt, 04 - M1941 trousers, 05 - boots, 06 - M1938 leggings, 07 - M1926 life buoy, 08 - M1937 ammo belt, 09 - M1924 personal care products, 10 - M1910 bowler hat, 11 - gas mask, 12 - M1918A2 Browning Automatic Rifle with M1907 belt, 13 - patches, 14 and 15 - benefits, 16 - sleeve badges: A - 1st Armored, B - 2nd, C - 3- I am infantry, E - 34th, F - 1st infantry.

Kriegsmarine (Navy) Matrosengefreiter, 1943

01 - naval jacket, Iron Cross 2nd class, veteran crew badge on the left side of the chest, Matrosengefreiter badges 02 - Kriegsmarine cap, 03 - naval pea coat, 04 - "deck" trousers, 05 - Signal magazine, July 1943 , 06 - tobacco, 07 - cigarette paper, 08 - "Hygenischer Gummischutz-Dublosan", 09 - boots.

Major of the maintenance unit of the 1st Polish armored division, Germany, 1945

01 - M 37/40 everyday uniform, 02 - black epaulette of the 1st armored division, 03 - 1st Div badge, 04 - Silver cross from Virtuti Militari, 05 - M 37 straps, 06 -, 11.43 mm Colt M1911 pistol, 07 - officer's boots, 08 - leather vest, 09 - drivers gloves, 10 - helmet for driving armored units, 11 - AT Mk II motorcycle helmet, 12 - Mk II helmet, 12 - leggings.

Private, Luftwaffe, France, 1944

01 - M-40 helmet, 02 - Einheitsfeldmütze M-43 cap, 03 - M-43 camouflaged T-shirt "Sumpftarnmuster", 04 - trousers, 05 - shoulder straps, 06 - 7.92 mm Mauser 98k rifle, 07 - M-31 breadbag , 08 - M-31 bowler hat, 09 - M-39 boots, 10 - medallion, 11 - "Esbit" pocket heater.

Lieutenant uniform, RSI "Decima MAS", Italy, 1943-44

01 - Basco beret, 02 - model, 1933 helmet, 03 - model, 1941 flight jacket, leutenant badges on cuffs, lapel badges, 04 - German belt, 05 - Beretta 1933 pistol and holster, 06 - German M-24 grenade, 07 - 9 mm TZ-45 SMG, 08 - pouches, 09 - trousers, 10 - German mountain boots, 11 - badge of participation in the Folgore company.

8 SS-Kavallerie division "Florian Geyer", summer 1944

01 - M-40 Feldmutze cap, 02 - M-40 helmet with SS badges, 03 - field jacket 44 - new cut, cavalry badges on shoulder straps, 04 - trousers, 05 - M-35 belt, 06 - wool shirt, 07 - M-39 straps, 08 - "Florian Geyer" bandage, 09 - woolen gloves, 10 - Panzerfaust 60, 11 - 7.92 mm Sturmgewehr 44, 12 - M-84/98 bayonet, 13 - canvas pouches, 14 - M- 24 grenades, 15 - Waffen SS salary card, 16 - M-31 bowler hat, 17 - M-43 leather boots, 18 - Leggings.

Captain (Kapitanleutnant) - submarine commander, 1941

01 - officer's jacket, Kapitanleutnant insignia, 02 - Kninght Cross of the Iron Cross, 03 - submarine insignia, 04 - Unofficial insignia of the 1st and 9th submarine flotilla, 05 - officers' Kriegsmarine cap cigarettes -, 06, 07 - leather gloves, 08 - leather coat "U-Boot-Päckchen", 09 - boots, 10 - "Junghans", 11 - naval binoculars.

Partisan of the Peasant Battalion (Battaliony Chlopskie), Poland, 1942

01 - wz.1937 "rogatywka" cap, 02 - jacket, 03 - trousers, 04 - boots, 05 - impromptu headband, 06 - 9 mm MP-40 SMG.

01 - canvas hat with earmuffs, 02 - model 1935 forage cap with a red star, 03 - linen overalls, 04 - canvas bag for a gas mask, 05 - officer boots, 06 - holster for 7.62 mm Nagant, 07 - leather zama tablet , 08 - officer's belt.

Polish infantry uniform, 1939

01 - wz.1939 "rogatywka" cap, 02 - wz.1937 "rogatywka" cap, 03 - wz.1937 steel helmet, 04 - wz.1936 jacket, 05 - token, 06 - WSR wz.1932 gas mask in canvas bag, 07 - hygiene products, 08 - leather pouches, 09 - wz.1933 breadbag, 10 - leather unloading belt, 11 - wz.1938 bowler hat, 12 - wz.1928 bayonet, 13 - folding shovel in a leather case, 14 - wz.1933 backpack with a blanket, 15 - biscuits, 16 - wz.1931 combined bowler hat, 17 - spoon + fork set, 18 - owijacze fabric straps used instead of socks, 19 - boots, 20 - GR-31 fragmentation grenade, 21 - GR -31 offensive grenade, 22 - 7.92 mm Mauser 1898a rifle, 23 - 7.92 mm clip cartridges, 24 - WZ. 1924 bayonet.

Private, Red Army, 1939-41

01 - Hat with earflaps, 02 - coat, 03 - felt boots, 04 - belt, 05 - 7.62 mm Tokarev SVT-40 rifle, 06 - bayonet, 07 - ammunition, 08 - gas mask bag, 09 - folding shovel.

NKVD lieutenant, 1940-41

01 - model 1935 NKVD cap, 02 - model 1925 NKVD tunic, 03 - dark blue cloth trousers with crimson piping, 04 - boots, 05 - waist belt, 06 - holster for Nagant 1895 revolver, 07 - model 1932 officer's tablet, 08 - NKVD Badge, established in 1940, 09 - Red Star sign, 10 - military ID, 11 - revolver cartridges.

01 - model 1940 steel helmet, 02 - padded jacket, 03 - field trousers, 04 - boots, 05 - 7.62 mm Mosin 91/30 rifle, 06 - rifle oiler, 07 - model 1930 bandoleer, 09 - military ID, 10 - tablet.

01 - model 1943 "tunic" sweatshirt, officer's version, 02 - model, 1935 breeches, 03 - model, 1935 cap, 04 - model, 1940 helmet, 05 - model, 1935 officer's belt and straps, 06 - Nagant holster, 1895 , 07 - tablet, 08 - officer's boots.

Red intelligence officer, 1943

01 - model 1935 cap, 02 - camouflage clothing, autumn, 03 - 7.62 mm PPS-43, 04 - canvas bag for ammunition, 05 - officer's belt 1935, 06 - leather case with 7.62mm Pistol TT, 07 - model , 1940 knife, 08 - Adrianov's compass, 10 - officer's boots.

There is a lot of information on the Soviet uniform and equipment on the Internet, but it is scattered and unsystematic. A few years ago, I started to be interested in Soviet uniforms and equipment, then it grew into an article. Of course, I am far from being the ultimate truth, so I will be glad if more knowledgeable people correct and supplement the article. Also, I did not consider emblems and insignia.

A little history first. Even before the First World War, a uniform appeared in the Russian army, consisting of a protective color of trousers, a shirt-tunic, an overcoat and boots. We have seen her more than once in films about the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars.

Soviet uniform from World War II.

Since then, several uniform reforms have been carried out, but they mainly affected only the dress uniform. “In uniforms, edgings, epaulettes, buttonholes” changed, and the field uniform remained practically unchanged.

In 1969, the field uniform was finally replaced. The cut of trousers has changed, they have become less baggy. The tunic was replaced with a fully unbuttoned tunic. According to one version, the replacement of a tunic with a tunic was caused by the need to decontaminate clothing in the event of a nuclear war. It is dangerous for health to remove a radioactive tunic over the head, so it was recommended to tear it apart, rendering it unusable, which was an unjustified waste of property. The tunic could be unbuttoned and removed without loss.

The tunic of the 1943 model and the closed tunic of the 1969 model.

The form was sewn from dense cotton fabric. The trousers had two regular slit pockets on the side, the tunic had two slit pockets at the bottom. Compared to modern types of uniforms, and even by Western standards of that time, this is very small. Shiny buttons and cockades, as well as colored epaulettes in war time should have been changed to green.

Soviet uniform and equipment of the 1969 model. Live illustration of the Rules for wearing military uniforms. Trousers, tunic, cap, boots. Equipment: Leatherette shoulder strap. On the belt there is a pouch for magazines (under the right hand of a fighter) and grenades (under the left hand), a bayonet-knife. On the shoulders - the straps of a duffel bag with a chest jumper (form the letter H). Diagonally across the chest is the strap of a gas mask bag.

Soviet uniform and equipment of the 1969 model. On the back is a duffel bag. A large bag on the side is a gas mask.

Tarpaulin boots

A guide to shoe care.

The main footwear was tarpaulin boots with footcloths. Kirza is, roughly speaking, a rubberized tarpaulin. This material was developed before the Great Patriotic War to save skin. The top of the boot is sewn from tarpaulin. The lower part, a kind of "galosh", is sewn from leather, because. when walking, significant loads fall on it, which the tarpaulin will not withstand.

Underwear was in the form of a shirt with long sleeves and long underpants made of white fabric, the so-called. "beluga". In summer it was made of thin cotton, in winter it was made of flannel. Such underwear is still found in the army.

The headdress is a cap.

The cap appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, when military aviation began to emerge. Initially, it was called the "folding pilot's hat." A soldier cannot be without a headdress. Caps were the main headgear then. But the pilots in flight put on a leather flight helmet, and the cap had to be put somewhere. The cap could easily be folded up and slipped into a pocket. Subsequently, the cap became a massive soldier's headdress due to its simplicity and cheapness.

In winter - an overcoat and a hat with earflaps.

Work uniform

There was also a work uniform. It was intended for dirty work such as construction, loading and unloading, or repair of equipment. The winter version - a wadded jacket and trousers, reminiscent of a collective farm sweatshirt - could also be worn as a field

Winter work jacket

There were also more advanced pieces of clothing.