Task 1. Parents are encouraged to find out if the child knows what time of the year it is. Can you list the signs of winter. For example, It is cold outside, the ground is covered with snow. Snow lies on the branches of trees and on the roofs of houses. The ponds are covered with ice. People put on warm winter clothes. Children go sledding, skiing and skating. Bullfinches arrived, etc. Task 2. Name the winter months. What is the first winter month? What's the last one? What is the month before January? What month is between December and February? etc. Task 3. “Explain the word” (formation of compound words): A) What words are words formed from? "Ice", "snowfall", "snow scooter", "snowmobile". B) Clarify with the child the meaning of the words "blizzard", blizzard. Task 4 . “Pick up a sign” (pick up as many adjectives to nouns as possible) Winter (what?) Cold, frosty, snowy, long, lingering ... Snow (what?) - white, soft, clean, light, fluffy, cold. Snowflakes (what?) - white, light, patterned, beautiful, cold, fragile. Icicle (what?) - hard, smooth, cold, sharp, shiny. Ice (what?) - smooth, shiny, cold, hard. Weather (what?) ... Task 5. “Pick up an action” (select verbs for nouns. Snowflakes in winter (what do they do?) ... Ice in the sun (what does it do?) ... Frost (what does it do?) ... Snowstorm (what does it do?) ... Task 6. Game "Name it affectionately". Snow - snowball. Ice - ... Winter - ... Frost - ... Snowstorm - ... Sun - ... Task 7. "Count" (coordination of the numeral with the noun) One snowflake, two snowflakes, three snowflakes, four snowflakes, five snowflakes (Similarly: snowman, icicle, hill, snowdrift, etc.) Task 8. “What about yesterday?” (use of verbs in the past tense) Today the snow is shining, and yesterday ... (glittered) Today the snow is falling , and yesterday ... Today the ice is sparkling, and yesterday ... Today the snow is crunching, and yesterday ... Today it is snowing, and yesterday ... Today the snow is spinning, and yesterday ... Task 9. The game “From what - what?” (formation of adjectives) Hill from snow (what?) - snowy. Ice path (what?) - ... Weather with frost (what?) - ... Task 10. The game "Say the opposite." In summer, the days are hot, and in winter - cold. In summer, the sky is bright, and in winter - ... In summer the day is long, and in winter - ... In summer the sun shines brightly, and in winter - ... In spring, the ice on the river is thin, and in winter - ... The snow is soft, and the ice ... - ... Some icicles are long, while others are ... Task 11. Riddles on a winter theme. Guess who, The gray-haired hostess: Will shake the feather beds - Above the world of fluff. (winter) Fluffs all slide from the sky Silvery .... (snowflakes) Pisces live warmly in the winter: The roof is thick glass. (ice) In the snow, look, With a red breast ... (bullfinches) What grows upside down? (icicle) Not a fire, but it burns (frost) The calendar begins A month with a name ... (January) It is fluffy, silvery, But don’t touch it with your hand: It will become a drop of clean, As you catch it in your palm. (snow) Task 12. Compose a coherent story according to the plan:      How did you notice the onset of winter? Name her signs in nature. Winter months. Habits of animals and birds. Winter fun and entertainment. Task 13. Retell the text "Winter" The sun shines, but does not warm. Snowing. Blizzards are blowing. The night became long and the day short. The trees are bare, only the pines and spruces remain green. The rivers were covered with ice. People put on fur coats, fur hats, warm boots, mittens. A cold and harsh winter has come. Task 14. The game "The fourth extra" for the development of logical thinking. Skates, jump rope, skis, sleds. Crow, dove, sparrow, swallow. Fox, wolf, bear, giraffe. Task 15. Finger games The wind turns the cloud-mill at full speed (we twist the handles like a mill), And white-white fluff spreads on the ground (shake our palms). Close windows, close doors (put palms together). Cover your ears (close your ears), cover your nose (close your nose). Walks, wanders along the roads Old Santa Claus (we walk with index and middle fingers) Pinching ears, pinching nose, Pinching cheeks Santa Claus (pinching ears, nose and cheeks)

Galina Vykhrystyuk
Speech games on the theme "Winter"

Task 1. Parents are encouraged to find out if the child knows what time of the year it is. Can you list the signs of winter. For example, It is cold outside, the ground is covered with snow. Snow lies on the branches of trees and on the roofs of houses. The ponds are covered with ice. People put on warm winter clothes. Children go sledding, skiing and skating. Bullfinches arrived, etc. Task 2. Name the winter months. What is the first winter month? What is the last? What is the month before January? What month is between December and February? etc.

Task 3. "Explain the Word" (formation of compound words):A) What words are words formed from? "ice", snowfall", "snow scooter", "snowmobile".B) Ask the child the meaning of the words "blizzard", snowstorm".

Task 4. "Pick a Sign" (select as many adjectives as possible for nouns)Winter(which) cold, frosty, snowy, long, lingering. Snow (Which)– white, soft, clean, light, fluffy, cold. Snowflakes (which)-white, light, patterned, beautiful, cold, fragile. Icicle (which) hard, smooth, cold, sharp, shiny. Ice (Which) smooth, shiny, cold, hard. Weather (which).

Task 5. "Choose an Action"(match verbs to nouns. Snowflakes in winter (what they do). Ice in the sun (what is he doing). Freezing (what is he doing). Blizzard (what is he doing). Task 6. Game "Call it sweetly".Snow is a snowball. Ice -. Winter -. Freezing -. Blizzard -. Sun -.

Task 7. "Count" (coordination of the numeral with the noun) One snowflake, two snowflakes, three snowflakes, four snowflakes, five snowflakes. (Similarly: snowman, icicle, slide, snowdrift, etc.)

Task 8. "What about yesterday?" (use of verbs in past tense) Today the snow is shining, but yesterday. (shone) Today the snow falls, and yesterday. Today the ice sparkles, but yesterday. Today the snow crunches, but yesterday. Today it snows, but yesterday. Today the snow is spinning, and yesterday.

Task 9. Game "From what - what?" (formation of adjectives) Snow slide (which)-snow. Ice path (which)-. Freezing weather (which)-. Task 10. Game "Say the opposite".The days are hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer the sky is bright, and in winter -. In summer the days are long and in winter they are. In summer the sun shines brightly, and in winter -. In spring, the ice on the river is thin, and in winter -. The snow is soft and the ice is. -. Some icicles are long, while others are. Task 11. Riddles on a winter theme. Guess who, Fluffs all slide from the sky - Gray-haired hostess:Silver. (snowflakes) Shakes feather beds - Above the world of fluff. (winter) Pisces live the winter warm: In the snow, look, the roof is thick glass. With red chest. (bullfinches (ice) What grows upside down? Not fire, but it burns (frost (icicle) The calendar begins. It is fluffy, silvery, a month with a name. (January) But his hand is not touch: It will become a drop of clean, As you catch it in the palm of your hand. (snow)

Related publications:

The game manual is a series of cubes of different sizes, on the faces of which there are various symbols for didactic exercises. Game.

.

What does it cost us to build a house? Speech games on word formation. 1. "Name the house in which there are 1,2,3,4,5 and many floors." (Formation of complex adjectives). House with one floor - what? - cottage.

1. "From what - what?" (Word formation of relative adjectives). A plush bear - a plush ball made of leather - a leather house made of plastic.

Card file "Speech games and exercises for children 5-6 years old" 1. "Can you name it?" Purpose: to select words for a given vowel sound, which is at the beginning of a word. Game progress. The teacher sets any vowel.

Consultation for parents "Speech games on the way to kindergarten" It often happens that on the way to kindergarten, sleepy preschoolers begin to act up, in response to this, parents often begin to get nervous.

Abstract of the lesson in the senior group on the lexical topic "Winter"

(First year of study)

Correctional and educational goals: Clarify and expand the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bwinter, its signs.

Refine and activate the vocabulary on the topic, learn to answer questions, make sentences, select words-signs and words-actions.

Improve the grammatical structure of speech, learn to form high-quality adjectives, nouns with diminutive suffixes, improve the skills of using prepositional case constructions.

Correction-developing goals:

Development of visual attention and perception, speech hearing and phonemic perception, memory, fine and general motor skills, breathing and correct speech exhalation, coordination of speech with movement.

Correctional and educational goals:

Formation of skills of cooperation, mutual understanding, goodwill, independence, initiative, responsibility, education of love for nature.

Equipment: typesetting canvas, pictures depicting winter, winter months, sports equipment, ball; snowflakes from thin white paper on strings.

1. Organizational moment

- The one who will guess my riddles will sit down

Strange asterisk What a ridiculous person

Fell from the sky Sneaked into the 21st century?

On my palm Carrot - nose, in my hand - a broom,

She lay down and disappeared. Afraid of the sun and heat.

(snowflake) (snowman)

The invisible artist is transparent as glass,

It goes around the city: Yes, you can’t put it in the window.

All cheeks blush, (ice)

Everyone will be pinched on the nose.

(freezing)

The cold has come, He flies in a white flock,

Water turned into ice, And sparkles on the fly.

Long-eared hare gray It melts like a cool star

Turned into a white bunny. On the palm and in the mouth.

The bear stopped roaring - (snow)

The bear went into hibernation in the forest.

Who's to say, who knows

When does it happen?

(winter)

2. Conversation about the season

- What time of year do you think it is?

– How did you guess?

What day in winter?

- What night?

What can you say about snow?

- What is ice like?

List the winter months.

3. Exercise "Snowflakes"

- While we were talking, it began to snow outside, and real snowflakes flew to us. See what they are?

The speech therapist gives each child a snowflake on a string.

Let's make our snowflakes spin. Slowly take in air through your nose. Do not puff out your cheeks, stretch your lips with a tube and blow on snowflakes.

The speech therapist makes sure that during the exercise the children do not raise their shoulders. Repeat the exercise 3-5 times.

4. "What happens in winter?"

The snowflakes flew away and invited us to play further.

- Think and name what happens in winter, what happens in nature?

- I have prepared for you a difficult task, but you have told about the winter so well that I think you can easily cope with it.

The speech therapist asks the children one by one to select pictures that depict winter phenomena and name them.

5. Didactic game "Pick up the words"

- The weather is different in winter. Either a blizzard breaks out, then a strong frost, then a snowfall. I will name a natural phenomenon, and you answer. Frost (what does it do?) - cracks, pinches, bites ...

Blizzard (what does it do? - winds, rages, howls, sweeps ....

Snow (what does it do?) - goes, flies, falls, spins ....

Children (what do they do?) - walk, ride, play, have fun, rejoice ...

6. The game "Call it affectionately" with the ball

- It's time to play ball. I will name the word, and you will talk about it affectionately.

Snow-snowball Icicle - icicle

Frost - frost Tree - tree

Wind - breeze Hill - hill

Ice-ice Cold-cold

Winter - winter Sledge - sled

7. Drawing up proposals for winter according to the picture

The speech therapist places a picture on the typesetting canvas.

What season is shown in the picture? Why do you think so?

- Right. In the last lesson, we looked at this picture and talked about it. Now each of you will come up with a proposal and tell us.

- Begin your sentence with the word snow, trees, sky, children.

A speech therapist helps children if they find it difficult to speak in full sentences.

- You told everything well. I have prepared the following task for you.

8. Exercise "What has changed?"

The speech therapist places subject pictures depicting winter on the board.

- Guys, look carefully at the pictures and remember them. Now close your eyes, and I will remove one picture or swap them. You have to say what has changed or what hasn't.

9. Finger gymnastics "We went for a walk in the yard"

One two three four five, Bend fingers one at a time.

We went for a walk in the yard. They go to the table. and avg. finger

They sculpted a snow woman, "Sculpt" a lump with two palms.

The birds were fed with crumbs, "Crumble" bread with all fingers.

Then we rode down the hill, Leading the decree. finger on the palm.

And they rolled in the snow. The palms are placed on the table on one side and the other.

Everyone came home in the snow. Shake off palms.

We ate soup and went to bed. "Eat with a spoon" soup

10. Exercise "Where does it happen?"

- Guys, look at the pictures and answer my questions.

The speech therapist puts one picture on the typesetting canvas, depicting winter games and natural phenomena, to consolidate the preposition on in speech.

- Where is the snowflake?
- Where is the icicle hanging?
Where is the ice frozen?
- Where do the children ride?
Where was the snowman made?
- Where are the sleds?

11. Exercise “What? Which? Which?"

- I am now posting one picture at a time, and you select as many words as possible to answer the question Which? which?

A) What is winter? - (cold, snowy, frosty, ...).

What snow? - (white, fluffy, cold, crumbly, soft, sparkling, crunchy, shiny, ...).

What day? - (frosty, snowy, sunny, short, windy ...).

What night? - (long, lunar, starry, snowy, frosty ...).

What ice? - (cold, strong, transparent, fragile, thin ...).

What is the icicle? - (cold, icy, transparent, wet, hard ...).



The tasks offered to your attention are thematic character, the material is built from simple to complex. Tasks are designed for a week of classes with daily performance.
With children 4-5 years old, it is enough to do 25-30 minutes a day. With children aged 5-6(7) years, classes last 35-40(45) minutes.
For more detailed explanations, see "Foreword"

JANUARY
4th week

Winter (generalization)

For children 4-5 years old

1. I recommend to remind the child about what time of year it is; pay attention to the weather (it’s cold outside, it’s snowing, a northerly piercing wind is blowing, frost, there may be a blizzard, a blowing snow).

2. Start learning the names of the winter months.

3. Repeat the material of the topic "Wintering Birds".

4. Exercise on the selection of definitions for nouns.
Finish the sentences.
Winter (what?) Cold, frosty, snowy, long, protracted...
Snow (what?) ...
Snowflakes (what?) ...
Ice (what?) ...
Weather (what?) ...

5. Selection of verbs for nouns.
Snowflakes in winter (what do they do?) ...

Frost (what is he doing?) ...
Blizzard (what is he doing?) ...

6. "Call me affectionately" - an exercise in the formation of nouns using diminutive suffixes.
Snow is snow.
Ice - ...
Winter - ...

7. "From what - what?" - an exercise in the formation of quality adjectives.
A hill of snow (what?) - snowy.
Ice path (what?) - ...
Weather with frost (what?) - ...

8. Learn by heart a poem (any one to choose from).
S. Marshak from the cycle "All the Year Round" (January. February.)
E. Trutneva "First snow".
A. Lipetsky "Snowflakes"
downy snowflakes,
Funny, alive!
You spin, twinkle
In the silence of the forest
And cover the earth
Shiny silver.

9. Retelling.
Winter.
The sun is shining, but it does not warm. Snowing. Blizzards are blowing. The night became long and the day short. The trees are bare, only the pines and spruces remain green. The rivers were covered with ice. People put on fur coats, fur hats, warm boots, mittens. A cold and harsh winter has come.

For retelling, I advise you to use the book "I'm learning to retell", author T. Yu. Bardysheva, ID. "Karapuz". - M., 2006

10. Development of fine motor skills.
Finger exercises. (Development of coordination of speech with movement, development of imagination)
One two three four,
(bend fingers, starting with the thumb)
We made snow with you
("sculpt" by changing the position of the palms)
Round, strong, very smooth
(show a circle, squeezing the palms together, stroking the other with one palm)
And not at all sweet
(threaten finger)
Once - toss
Two - catch
Three - let's drop
And ... break
(Perform corresponding actions)

11. Work with plasticine.
To make a snowman.

3. Clarify with the child the meaning of the words "ice", snowfall, "drift", "blizzard", blizzard.

4. "Pick, name, remember" - an exercise in the selection of definitions and verbs for nouns.
Winter (what?) - cold, harsh, snowy, blizzard, long (tedious), frosty ...
Snow (what?) - ...
Snowflakes (what?) - ...
Ice (what?) - ...
Weather (what?) - ...
Day (what?) - ...
Frost (what?) - ...
Snowflakes in winter (what do they do?) Fall, twist, spin, sparkle, shine, melt...
Ice in the sun (What's up?)...
Frost (what is he doing?) ...
Children in winter (what do they do?) ...
Blizzard (what is he doing?) ...
Blizzard (what is he doing?) ...

5. "Call me affectionately" - an exercise in the formation of nouns using suffixes. Snow is snow.
Ice - ...
Winter - ...
Freezing - ...
Blizzard - ...
Sun - ...

6. "Say the opposite" - an exercise in the selection of antonyms. The days are hot in summer and cold in winter.
In summer the sky is bright, and in winter - ...
In summer the days are long and in winter...
In the summer the sun shines brightly, and in the winter...
In spring, the ice on the river is thin, and in winter - ...
The snow is soft, and the ice ... - ...
Some icicles are long, while others are ...

7. Selection of related (single root) words.
Snow - snowball, snowflake, snowman, snowy, Snow Maiden ...
Winter - ...
Freezing - ...
Ice - ...

8. Learning to make common sentences according to the model.
Winter came. The cold winter has come. A cold blizzard winter has come.

9. "The fourth extra" - an exercise in the development of logical thinking.
Skates, jump rope, skis, sleds.
Crow, dove, sparrow, swallow.
Fox, wolf, bear, giraffe.

10. Exercise "Before - between - after".
What is the month before January?
What month is after January?
What month is between February and December?
Etc.

11. Learn a poem (any at the request of the child).
A.S. Pushkin "Winter Morning", "Winter Evening".
G. Ladonshchikov "Winter Pictures".
The sun warms the earth weakly, frost crackles at night.
In the yard of a snow woman, a carrot nose turned white.
Under a birch on a hillock, an old hedgehog made a mink,
And under the leaves are two small hedgehogs.
The squirrel hid in a hollow - it is both dry and warm,
She stocked so many mushrooms and berries that you won’t eat even in a year.
Under a snag in a windbreak, a bear sleeps, as if in a house.
He put his paw in his mouth, and sucks like a little one.
The cautious fox went to the stream to get drunk.
Bent over, and the water, motionless and hard.
The oblique does not have a lair, he does not need a hole:
Legs save from enemies, bark saves from starvation.

12. Development of coherent speech. Make a story about winter according to the plan.
How did you notice the onset of winter?
Name its first signs in nature.
Winter months.
Winter signs.
Habits of animals and birds.
Wintering birds.
Winter fun and entertainment.
Instead of a story according to the plan, you can take a retelling of the text (see tasks for children 4-5 years old, p. 9).

13. Development of fine motor skills.
Hatching training.
I recommend using the books "Owl - an owl, a round head", "It will not always be summer" from the series "Hatching-writing" (8 books). Recipes issued by the publishing house "Karapuz".
The main advantage of this manual is that it is, first of all, a thematic collection about the seasons, which will help diversify activities with the baby, expand the child’s ideas about the state of nature in a given season, help him remember the characteristic features of each season and changes in animate and inanimate nature. Working on each page, the child will be able to compose his own stories about all seasons (in particular, about winter).
The allowance can also be used for children 4-5 years old, but selectively, based on the individual characteristics of the child.

14. Acquaintance with works of art.
Consider reproductions (paintings) about winter:
K. Gorbatov "Old Town. Winter",
E. Vyrzhikovsky "Beginning of winter. Torzhok",
I. Brodsky "Winter",
V. Kustodiev "Frosty day",
N. Krylov "Winter landscape. Russian winter".

Every year I look forward to the arrival of winter. I rejoice at the first snowflakes, the first ice.

Snow and ice are familiar to us. But habitual does not mean well studied. How often do we think: what is snow and ice? How are they similar and how are they different?

Observations based on life experience.

I started comparing snow and ice by looking at color. I found out that snow is white, and ice is colorless, snow is opaque, and ice is transparent. If you take the snow in your hands, we will see: it is loose and loose, and the ice is hard and dense, the snow is soft, and the ice is hard. In the hands of snow and ice begin to melt and turn into water. Every spring we watch how snow and ice float down the river, you can see that snow and ice are on the surface of the water, which means they are lighter than water.

I decided to find out from the sources what snow and ice are. It turns out that snow is solid atmospheric precipitation, consisting of ice crystals of various shapes - snowflakes, which falls from clouds when the air temperature is below 0 ° C. Ice is solid water.

What makes snow and ice. Like rain, snow falls from clouds. However, it is formed differently. Previously, they thought that snow was frozen droplets of water coming from those clouds that rain. But, not so long ago, the mystery of the birth of snowflakes was solved, and then they learned that snow would never be born from water droplets. Snow is formed from chilled water vapor, and ice is formed from water. Ice is easy. I poured water into the mold, put it in the frost - it turned out ice. But I did not know how to get chilled water vapor that turns into snow. But, one day, while walking, I saw how the steam coming out of the basement turned into snow and formed a bizarre snow cap on the roof of the entrance. This process is called desublimation in the literature.

But there is also a reverse process, when a substance passes from a solid state to a gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state. The fallen snow evaporates under the influence of the sun and wind. A wet shirt hung out in the cold will freeze. The ice will evaporate and turn into steam - the shirt is dry. This is called sublimation.

Each of us made snowballs, pressed on the snow, got small lumps. Is it possible to squeeze the ice and what will happen to it? I froze two ice cubes, in one of them needles were frozen - vertically, with the tip up. He put the ice cubes on top of each other and pressed down with a load from above. This design was exposed to frost. After some time, I discovered that the upper ice fell to the bottom. The needles went through the ice. Thus, ice and snow can be melted, melted without heating, by pressing on it in the cold.

What I just did not come up with, comparing snow and ice. I remembered that I have an electronic designer "Expert". I assembled an electrical circuit and checked what would happen if snow and ice were used in the electrical circuit instead of a conductor. Snow does not conduct electricity, but ice does, because the light bulb in the assembled circuit caught fire.

From the literature, I learned that water freezes at a temperature of 0 ° C and turns into ice. In this case, the frozen water increases in volume. That's why in the cold, the ice formed in the water pipes literally breaks them. I checked: I poured water into glass and plastic bottles. In the cold, a glass bottle burst, plastic - no, it only arched the bottom. Conclusion: in the process of transition of water into ice, its volume increases.

Thus, comparing the properties of snow and ice, I found out:

Snow and ice differ: color, transparency, properties, formation, electrical conductivity.

Similar: the influence of temperature. Snow and ice are lighter than water

So my hypothesis what if snow is ice and they have the same properties, was only partially confirmed. In my work, not all the experiments with snow and ice that I have done are presented. Because trying to explain them, in the literature I found many formulas, definitions that I still do not understand. I think that this topic can be returned to in high school, when I study physics and chemistry.

IV. Bibliography

1. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S. I. Ozhegov; LLC Publishing House Onyx, 2011. - 736 p.
2. S. Parker, F. Steele, D. Worker. "Children's Encyclopedia from A to Z". - M.: CJSC "ROSMEN-PRESS", 2009. - 256 p.
3. A. Weinhold. "Our Weather" - LLC Publishing House Arkaim, 2005. - 18 p.
4. "Why and why?". A. Henry and others; translation from English T. Pokidayeva. - M.: Makhaon, 1999. - 160 p.
5. M. Pellote. "Mega Encyclopedia for Children", translated from French. M. Vinogradova. - M.: Makhaon, 1994. - 160 p.
6. “Encyclopedia for children. About everything in the world from A to Z. E. Chivardi, R. Thomson, translated from English. M. Krasnova - M.: Makhaon, 1999. - 160 p.
7. S. Parker, C. Oliver. “100 questions and answers. Man and Nature, translated from English. M. M. Zhukova, S. A. Pylaeva - M.: ROSMEN, 2006. - 94 p.
8. Internet resources