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Military duty is the duty of every adult male. However, the question of how many serve in the army remains open. When it was 2007, the conscripts were obliged to defend the Motherland for 2 years. The year 2008 was marked by the issuance of a presidential decree that shortened the term of service in the ranks of the Russian armed forces. The period began to be 1 year. Today, rumors began to appear about the possibility of re-amending the current legislation and extending the period of being in the army. To understand whether this statement has any basis and how long the service in the army lasts, you need to carefully analyze the available information. How long to serve Russian army, read on.

Military service in 2019: latest news

Rumors have long been circulating in the media about a possible increase in the term of stay in the Armed Forces to 18 months. To understand how many people serve in the army, it is necessary to refer to the current legislation. There have been no official announcements that changes will be made to Federal Law No. 53-FZ. As of today, the deadline fixed by the normative legal act has not changed. Young people recovering from the call to defend the country will have to serve in the army for 12 months. You will not have to repay the debt to the state within 5 years.

In 2011, the armed forces began to undergo modernization. In the near future, the Russian army will predominantly consist of men whose choice is contract service. However, young people who ended up in the ranks of the Armed Forces by compulsory conscription will also remain in the Russian armed forces.

As the President of the Russian Federation stated, the term of service in the army will not be increased for the time being. In the coming years, it is planned to achieve a ratio of conscripts to contract soldiers of 20% to 80%, respectively. The gap in the future is planned to increase even more and bring it to the level of 10% to 90%.

The experience of states in which military service is carried out on a contract basis shows that work in this direction is the right decision. The state will have the opportunity to bring the armed forces to a new level. Young men who go to the troops of their own free will feel the full importance of the mission entrusted to them.

Today in the press there is information that, in addition to possible adjustments to the timing, the government plans to take measures to increase the comfort of the military. Each conscript this year will be given a nesser, a special bag containing personal hygiene items.

Another innovation is the allocation of time for daytime sleep for recruits. Unaccustomed load can negatively affect the health of the conscript. Additional rest will allow you to quickly get used to the nuances of the service and get involved in activities without stress.

Military service options in 2019

Today, there are several ways to repay the debt to the Motherland. The recruit has the right:

• go to the troops for 1 year,
• sign a contract on the basis of which further military service will take place,
• graduate from a university that has a military department,
• start working in a specialized state enterprise.

If a person does not want to leave native city for the performance of military duty by conscription, the duration of which is 1 year, he can use the alternative option and enroll in educational institution, which has a military department. With its help, the future conscript will receive the rank of private or sergeant, without interrupting his studies. To do this, the student will need to complete training, the duration of which is 450 hours.

Due to the passage of studies at the military department, a person will be able to receive several specialties at once. The habitual study of the student will become much more diverse. In addition to attending lectures, a conscript who refuses to join the army on conscription will have to undergo training at training grounds. In addition, the young men will have to spend 3 months in army camps. This will allow the student to partially come into contact with the realities of actions in a combat situation. By the time of graduation, the duration of which will not exceed the classic 5 years, a person will have not only a diploma of higher education, but also the title of private or sergeant of Russia.

Classical military service can be replaced by an alternative one. Young people, for whom being in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is contrary to religion or other beliefs, can use the way to repay the homeland.

This path is also available for representatives of small peoples who are engaged in traditional farming and crafts. Today there are 65 professions and 61 positions for which people can be sent, whose choice is alternative civilian service. The list of possible specialties includes:

• acting jobs,
• medical specialties,
• computer-related work
• specialties related to shipping.

It should be remembered that military service in alternative positions is not an opportunity to stay at home and work next to loved ones. The person will be sent to another region. The alternative service will also increase the length of stay in the ranks of the Armed Forces. For 2019, the period will be almost 2 years. Work for the good of the Motherland will be 18 months. If the period that the military service lasts increases, the period of being in an alternative position will also increase. It can be 3 years.

Military service in 2019

Information about the extension of the time spent in the army, constantly popping up in the media, makes young people who have only to pay their debt to the Motherland to worry. However, the absence of an official statement on the adjustment of existing regulatory legal acts suggests that no changes are planned in the near future. The answer to the question of how long they serve in the army is still the same. If the date of dispatch of the conscript is 2017, he will be in the armed forces of the Russian Federation for 12 months.

The term of service in the army for 2017-2018 has not changed for contract servicemen either. Today, before being drafted into the army, the conscript is free to choose how he plans to repay his debt to the Motherland. If a young person decides to enter into a contract for service, the term will increase to 2 years. After the end of the period, the soldier will have the opportunity to go home or re-extend the period.

Young citizens Russian Federation recruited for military service twice a year - in the autumn and spring conscription. Consider the features of the autumn draft in 2020, including the terms of the draft and the term of service.

Fall recruitment dates

In matters related to the army and conscription into the army, such a concept as the terms of conscription is the cornerstone. And this is quite justified, because it is possible to conduct a medical examination at the military registration and enlistment office, to send a young man to a military unit only within these terms. A day later or a day earlier, such events/actions are illegal.

When does the fall 2020 military draft start?

Many adult young people are afraid of the start date of the autumn conscription campaign, for example, due to the fact that young men who did not enter the institute / university after school and did not apply for a deferment from the army for study should be called up precisely during this period, starting on this date. When does fall recruitment start in 2020? The beginning of the autumn conscription in Russia has remained unchanged, and will take place in the same way as in 2019, that is, on October 1. It is from this day until the end of the draft that the military commissariats have the right to conduct a medical commission, determine the suitability of young people for service, and send children to military units.

When does the fall recruitment end?

Everyone knows that on December 31, all citizens of the Russian Federation meet New Year- big celebration. And conscripts are looking forward to this day with special impatience. For young people of draft age, this day is a holiday for one more reason - the autumn draft of 2020 ends on this very day. Accordingly, if the young man was not drafted into the army before December 31, he can relax for several months - before the start of the next spring draft.

Exceptions to the terms of the autumn call

The regulatory documents of the Russian Federation provide for exceptions to the terms of the autumn conscription for certain groups of residents of our country. Let's see which citizens fall under these exceptions.

Firstly, these are people living in the territories of the Far North. The list of such territories is established by a special official document. For these citizens, the autumn conscription in 2020 begins a month later than in other regions of the Russian Federation, that is, on November 1, and ends the same way as in other regions of the Russian Federation.

Secondly, minor exceptions include young men living in villages, engaged in sowing or harvesting. But the fact of this participation must be officially confirmed, for example, in the form of an employment document (agreement / work book).

Thirdly, young teachers in connection with the beginning of the next school year are not subject to conscription in the autumn conscription campaign. These young men should appear at the draft board in May-June, when the spring conscription begins.

Fall conscription 2020, conscript service life

The service life of young people called up for the autumn draft in 2020 remains unchanged - 12 months(1 year), despite a lot of rumors on this subject (in particular, about an increase in service life to 1.8 years in 2020).

Innovations in the autumn call 2020

There will be no significant innovations in the autumn draft. As before, senior graduates of institutes/universities are being recruited into scientific companies. Getting into these companies is not so easy, since from experience we can say that they are invited to an interview in a completely random way. In total, 289 young people serve in these units in the Russian Federation (0.2% of all recruits). The competition is serious - about 25 people per place - however, service in a scientific company differs significantly from the "ordinary" conscription service.

Is it true that in the autumn draft of 2020 the term of service will be increased to 1.8 years?

Today there are many rumors about an increase in the term of service in the army in 2020 to 1 year and 8 months (1.8 years). There is also information about the service life of 18 months. Young people are looking for an official order that sets the term of service for conscripts at 1 year 8 months. At the same time, no one finds clearly conspicuous information about such an official document. Still, is it true service life will be 1.8 years or remain equal to 12 months. To deal with this issue, you need to understand the principles of action normative documents Russia.

The fact is that no official order can contradict federal law, and in the event of such a contradiction, the order is recognized as invalid. Firstly, there is no order on the term of service in the autumn draft of 2020. Secondly, the term of service in the army is established by federal law, which regulates military service in the Russian Federation, namely article 38, part 1, subparagraph “e”, which states that for young people drafted into the army in 2008 and later, the term of service is 12 months (1 year). This period can change only in the event of an amendment to this federal law. There will be no such amendments/changes in 2020, therefore, service life will not change.. Information about the service life of 1.8 years is false in relation to both the autumn and spring drafts.

We hope you have found the answer to the question of when the autumn conscription begins in 2020. We also considered the timing / innovations of the autumn draft, the term of service and exceptions for certain categories of Russians.

In pre-revolutionary Russia:

Until 1874, recruits (peasants and philistines) served in the army. At first, military service was indefinite; from 1793, the term of service was reduced to 25 years. Gradually, it decreased - and by the time military reform 1874 was already 7 years old.

After the reform, recruitment was replaced by universal military duty. The total service life in the ground forces was 15 years (directly in the service - 6 years, and the rest of the time - in reserve), the total service life in the fleet - 10 years (directly in the service - 7 years).

In 1906, the term of active soldier service was reduced to 3 years. Then, in August-December 1914, general mobilization- in connection with the outbreak of the First World War.

After the revolution of 1917 and civil war a new army began to form in the new state.

IN THE USSR:

On the basis of various decrees and resolutions of the CEC, the term of service was changed several times until the law on compulsory military service was passed in 1925.

In the ground forces until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War he was 2 years old. In aviation: from 1925 to 1928 - 3 years, from 1928 to 1939 - 2 years, from 1939 to 1941 - again 3 years. He also varied in the fleet. So, from 1924 to 1928, it was necessary to serve 4 years, from 1928 to 1939 - 3 years, from 1939 - 5 years.

After the Great Patriotic War (with the beginning of which mobilization was again carried out), a new law on universal military duty was adopted already in 1949. In accordance with it, men were drafted into the ground forces and aviation for 3 years, into the navy - for 4 years.

In 1967, a new law on universal conscription was adopted, the service life was reduced and amounted to 2 years for those who were sent to the ground forces and aviation, and 3 years to the navy.

In modern Russia:

In 1993, the normative act that existed in the USSR was canceled - the law of the Russian Federation "On military duty and military service" came into force. Initially, the document reduced the service life to 18 months (i.e. 1.5 years), and in the fleet - to 2 years.

In 1996, in connection with the start Chechen campaign a new law came into force, according to which the duration of service in the army and navy was equal - and amounted to 2 years.

In the early 2000s, preparations began in Russia for the separation of conscription and contract military service, and at the same time to reduce the conscription service from 2 years to 1 year. For the first time that Russian leadership plans to shorten military service on conscription, Russian President Vladimir Putin said back in 2002.

The transition took place in stages: for example, young people who went into the army in the fall of 2007 had to serve 1.5 years. And since January 2008, the service life was 12 months - 1 year.

In November 2012, the media, following the statement of the chairman of the State Duma Committee on Defense, reported that the term of service in the Russian army would be revised again. So, according to the chairman of the committee, Vladimir Komoyedov, the optimal duration of service is one and a half years, and reducing the service to 1 year was a “political decision” and actually has a bad effect on the combat readiness of the army.

A source in the Kremlin almost immediately denied this, recalling the president's initiative to reduce the deadlines.

Compulsory military service statutory duty for every adult young man Russian Federation, therefore, for persons of military and pre-conscription age, the issue of service life always remains relevant. Are innovations expected in 2018-2019 or will the current regulations remain the same?

How long to serve in 2018-2019

According to paragraph 1 of Art. 38 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On military duty and military service”, young people on an urgent call are supposed to serve 12 months, regardless of the type of troops. Military service in internal troops every healthy representative of the male population of the country aged 18-27 years must pass.

At the same time, there is no reason to assume that this period will be changed in 2018-2019. Currently, the main emphasis is on the formation of a contract army, where professionals in their field will serve. As the practice of other countries where the armed forces are formed on a contract basis shows, this approach allows us to bring the army to a higher level and ensure its professionalism and efficiency. As a result, young people go to the military ranks of their own free will, so they feel responsible for the obligations placed on them, and receive sufficient material support for their efforts.

In the near future, it is planned to achieve a ratio of conscripts and contractors of 20% to 80%, and in the future - to increase the figures to 10% and 90%, respectively. But despite the increase in the percentage of contract soldiers in Russia, no one is going to abandon the mandatory emergency call.

For alternative service

• Education at the military department in the process of obtaining higher education. This provides for theoretical and practical training (including training at training grounds) for 450 hours, after which a graduate of the military department receives the rank of officer.
• Employment in Spetsstroy, military institutions or enterprises equated to military status. In total, for such a way of fulfilling military duty, you can choose from 65 professions and 61 positions, but a prerequisite is a direction to another region of the Russian Federation. It is available only to conscripts who belong to the category of small indigenous peoples, as well as those for whom being in the army is contrary to the principles of religion. The duration of service in this case is 21 months, and criminal liability is provided for unauthorized leaving the place of service.

For contractors

In addition to the obligatory performance of military duty, young people can choose a contract form, which is valid for both junior staff and officers. The term in this case is determined depending on the type of troops and rank:

• 2 or 3 years for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen at the initial conclusion of the contract;
• 5 years for midshipmen, ensigns and officers at the initial conclusion of the contract;
• 1-10 years to choose from for those who conclude a contract for the second and subsequent times.

Conscript soldiers also have the opportunity to switch to a contract form 3 months after the call. For some, this path is seen as a good option to improve their financial situation and open up new career opportunities.

Enormous work is being done to attract men to the ranks of contract soldiers:

• increases in wages;
• the age periods of stay in the army for officers are increasing;
• the social package is expanding, which includes education, medical care, benefits for military personnel and members of their families;
• new housing is being built and options for improving housing conditions are proposed.

But it also has its drawbacks in the form of a long minimum contract term, so most young people prefer to traditionally serve in the army. due year and return to civilian life.

Possible change

Since 2012, the deputies have repeatedly submitted for consideration the issue of increasing the term of military service. In different years, it was proposed to extend the period of stay of young people in the army to 1 year and 6 months, 1 year and 8 months, and even 2 years. The main arguments are:

• shortage of ordinary soldiers-conscripts in military units;
• inability to master complex military-technical specialties well within the current period (1 year).
• increasing the quality requirements for the reserve staff of the armed forces;
• lack of time for all types of training of military personnel, including exercises in close to combat conditions.

Despite this, President Vladimir Putin categorically rejected the proposed initiative and refused to increase the term of service in the army. Since he is the Supreme Commander, the final decision always rests with him.

How the timing has changed

After Russia became an independent state, the length of service in the army changed repeatedly, both up and down:

• since 1993 in the ground forces and navy served for 1.5 and 2 years, respectively;
• since 1996, the duration has been increased to 2 years;
• since 2002, preparations began for the gradual transition of the armed forces to a contract basis and a gradual reduction in the terms of service for urgent conscription;
• since the autumn of 2007, conscripts began to serve for 1.5 years;
• Since January 2008, conscripts have been serving in the army for 1 year.

Therefore, for the time being, we can say that the service in 2019 will be the same as in previous years, that is, 1 year. But it can be assumed that the presidential elections in Russia in 2018 will make their own adjustments to the change in the terms of service in the army in 2018-2019.

Vladimir Putin on extending military service: video

Every year, recruits to the army are worried about one single question: “Will the term of military service be extended?”. In fact, the excitement about this cannot be called unfounded. The Defense Committee of the State Duma has repeatedly put forward for discussion its proposal to increase the period of military service.

Motive for removal this issue served as a catastrophic shortage of ordinary soldiers in military units. In addition to the lack of personnel, the State Duma Committee on Defense is seriously concerned about the fact that a one-year military service cannot provide a sufficient quantity and quality of all the opportunities necessary to train real specialists.

But the President of Russia rejected the proposal put forward by the legislators regarding military service. During a meeting of the collegium of the Ministry of Defense, Putin made a categorical dismissal of the increase in service life. And, as we know, only the head of state, that is, the commander in chief, has the right to make the final decision on this issue.

At the same time, the likelihood of an increase in the term of military service is quite possible: usually such innovations occur after the elections. So what will it be military service in 2018? Let's try to figure it out.

Deputies call for an increase in the length of military service

The State Duma Defense Committee has already appealed to Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu almost immediately after his appointment to this position with a proposal to increase the service life by at least half. At the same time, the chairman of the committee expressed frank dissatisfaction with the reduction in the service life to one year and called this move by the country's leadership a political decision that had a bad effect on the combat readiness of the Russian army.

Recall that in Russia the term of service in the army is one year, starting in 2008. Despite the statements of legislators to increase the period of military service to 1 year and 8 months, in 2016 it remained unchanged, as in 2017.

Also, Stanislav Govorukhin, who is the former head of the campaign headquarters of the current Vladimir Putin, spoke out for an increase in the term of military service. Govorukhin even called the year of military service a joke.

By the way, the decision to transfer the Russian army to an annual service was only the beginning of the path to a systematic transfer to a contract army. The then President of Russia, Dmitry Medvedev, announced the government's intention to leave by 2018 only 15% of conscripts from the total number of the entire Russian army. The lion's share of soldiers should be contract soldiers.

Age terms of service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

At present, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Sergei Shoigu are going to throw all their efforts into ensuring the optimization of the training of conscript soldiers. In addition, the Government plans to apply measures that will help increase the popularity of contract service. At the same time, military personnel have the right to choose for themselves the term of service - either one year (conscript service) or two years (contract service).

Also, by decree of the President, the age limits for professional military service were extended.

In the general account, the age limit is increased by 5 years:

• Marshals - until they reach the age of 65;
• Admirals - until they reach the age of 65;
• Colonel Generals - until they reach 65 years of age;
• Major Generals - until they reach the age of 60;
• Vice admirals - until they reach the age of 60;
• Lieutenant generals - until they reach the age of 60;
• Colonels - until they reach the age of 55;
• Captains of the 1st rank - until they reach the age of 55;
• Military personnel whose rank is younger than captain of the 1st rank - up to 50 years.

Who is subject to conscription in the Russian army

The call to serve in the army is a set of activities and procedures that include the following actions:

• Appearance for medical examination and examination;
• Appearance at the meeting of the draft board;
• Appearance at the place and time specified in the agenda for further dispatch to the place of military service by the soldier.

For military service in the army must enter:

• Citizens of the Russian Federation by conscription and citizens of the Russian Federation on a voluntary basis (with the conclusion of a contract) male and aged 18 to 27 years;
• Citizens of another country who are military personnel - under a contract in military positions, which are subject to replacement by soldiers, sergeants, sailors, foremen in the Armed Forces (Armed Forces) of the Russian Federation.

Who is exempt from conscription

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the following grounds for exemption from military conscription are valid if:

• the medical board declared the citizen unfit (or fit with restrictions) for service for health reasons;
• the citizen has already completed military service in the Russian Federation;
• the citizen has already completed alternative civilian service in the Russian Federation (at a university with a military department).

A citizen of the Russian Federation has every right to take advantage of the opportunity not to undergo military service in the army if:

• he has an appropriate academic degree provided for by the state military attestation system;
• he is the son or sibling of a serviceman who died while performing the duties of military service imposed on him, while performing military service in the army or at military training camps;
• he is the son or sibling of a citizen who died from an injury, injury, concussion or disease that was received in the performance of military service duties while serving in the army on conscription or after dismissal, or at the end of military training.