Sections: Literature

The lesson is conducted according to the textbook for 7th grades of general education institutions, Moscow "Enlightenment", author-compiler V.Ya. Cow using interactive whiteboard or a projector, the text of N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba”, a notebook.

Lesson topic: “Ostap and Andriy in Bursa. The steppe as an image of the Motherland in N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba.”

Lesson objectives:

• show the formation of the characters of Ostap and Andriy in the bursa;
• show the steppe as an image of the Motherland;
• awaken a feeling of love for the Motherland, admiration for the beauty of nature,
• develop the ability to give a monologue answer to a question;
• develop the ability to analyze an episode and explain its place in the plot of the work;
• development oral speech: use various means of expression in speech.

During the classes

Teacher. The brothers grew up, and at the age of 12 they were brought to Kyiv and sent to study at the Bursa, as was obviously the custom in Cossack families. Connections with the world become wider and more complex, and ideas about it become richer and more diverse. The time Ostap and Andriy are in the bursa is a time of growing up, the transition from a teenager to a young man, when the process of personality formation, character formation is actively underway, moral criteria begin to be determined, when the question is about to arise: who to be? What to be? What moral qualities do you need to develop in yourself to become a real person?

The central question of our lesson: To what extent did the bursa contribute or, conversely, hinder their correct formation and what did Ostap and Andriy themselves do in this direction?

Checking homework.

Oral report on the topic: “How do you imagine the living conditions in the bursa?”

Conclusion: Bursa is a special world, scary in many ways. The stupefying and stupefying “fucking” was combined with the cult of brute force. Poor “maintenance”, frequent punishments by hunger, incessant flogging (“poultices”) gave rise to enterprise in the students and imparted firmness to their characters.

Checking homework.

Oral message on the topic: "Ostap in Bursa."

After listening to the message, students write down the conclusion in their notebook.

Conclusion: Ostap has a complex relationship with Bursat science. Already in the bursa, Ostap exhibits such qualities as perseverance and determination. Ostap is a reliable comrade and friend. You can trust him, you can rely on him. He will not let you down, he will not betray you, he will always come to the rescue. He is loved, respected, and willingly obeyed. He is simple, without guile or cunning. He will become a real fighting Cossack, whose motto will be “war and feast.”

Checking homework.

Oral message on the topic: “Andriy in bursa.”

Teacher. Particularly noteworthy are Gogol’s words about Andriy’s liveliness and greater development of feelings. It was not just the thirst for achievement that possessed him - he was worried about the thirst for love, which was unusual in that wary time when a woman was “some strange creature in this gathering of lifeless knights.” Pay attention to what a shock the vision that appeared before him was for the impressionable and ardent young man: “He was dumbfounded. He looked at her, completely lost, absentmindedly wiping the dirt from his face, with which he smeared it even more.”

Teacher. So, what is Andriy like in bursa?

Students write their conclusions in their notebooks.

Conclusion. I studied without stress, willingly and easily. He was distinguished by his ingenuity and liveliness of character. He knew how to dodge punishment. He thirsted for achievement, was distinguished by insane courage, great physical strength, hot temper, and a proud disposition. I couldn't stand the insults. He has a more developed sense of beauty than Ostap. The thirst for love, internal dissatisfaction, the desire for something unknown alienates you from your comrades. He was shocked by the meeting with the Polish woman and thinks about her incessantly. This is where the plot of the drama that ended with the tragic and shameful death of Andriy lies.

Conclusion. Courageous, strong, dexterous, full of courage. But the person is unstable, remains in some kind of vague expectation, in communication with others there is more personal, subjective. Attracts ardor of feelings, irresistible youthful charm. Isolation from comrades is alarming. His life path is not the usual path of a Cossack.

Teacher. The next stage in the study of the images of Ostap and Andriy is their life in the Zaporozhye Sich, when their characters are finally formed. The biggest dream of their life came true. The road to Sich was not that long, but they probably remembered this road for the rest of their lives.

The description of the steppe is read by a trained student.

Teacher. Find words in the text that convey the richness of Gogol’s feelings and his attitude towards the steppe.

Conclusion: admiration and love, admiration and amazement are feelings that overwhelm the author’s soul.

Teacher. How does Gogol see the enchanting beauty of the steppe, what does he admire and how does he convey his admiration? ?

Teacher. What type of art resembles a landscape?

Imagine yourself as an artist who, based on Gogol’s description, paints a large canvas - the steppe during the day.

Teacher. What should the steppe in the picture resemble? What is the main image that runs through all the descriptions of both the steppe itself and the sky above the steppe?

(Image of the sea, ocean)

Teacher. Confirm this with text.

Teacher. Besides the immensity, the vastness, what else amazes the Gogol steppe?

(A riot of colors, variegation, brightness)

Teacher . Follow the text to see how the steppe changes in the evening and at night on your own.

Teacher. Find two images you like in the text and explain them.

Teacher. What kind of people, what characters should the steppe give birth to?

Conclusion. The image of the steppe for Gogol is the image of the Motherland. For her sake, the Cossacks perform their feats and, if necessary, will die defending her. The free, endless expanses of the steppe help to understand the characters of the Cossacks. Only courageous, strong, bold, proud people, endowed with a broad soul and a generous heart, can live in such a steppe. The steppe is the birthplace of heroes, heroic Cossacks.

Gogol is an excellent master of verbal painting, creating a surprisingly vivid visual image of the steppe.

Conclusion. This question opens the theme of heroism in Gogol’s story, the theme of service to the Fatherland.

The image of the steppe was given by Gogol as the image of the Mother Motherland, which gave birth to powerful heroic characters. Once this connection is severed, the person dies and turns into a “mean dog.”

The image of the Zaporozhye Sich, infinitely close and dear to the Cossacks, is inextricably fused with the image of the steppe and the image of the Cossacks.

Homework .

Learn by heart or retell the description of the steppe in Chapter 2 close to the text (optional: steppe during the day, evening, night).

Tell about the morals and customs of the Zaporozhye Sich. Answer the question: why did Gogol treat her enthusiastically?

Taras Bulba." Chapter 2.
“Damn you, steppes, how good you are!”
Artist A. Gerasimov. 1952

Compare the behavior of two brothers - Ostap and Andriy - while studying at the bursa.
The sons of Taras were sharply different from each other. At first, Ostap ran away from the Kyiv Academy several times, buried his primer, was returned and beaten. Then he resigned himself and even began to study diligently, but this did not save him from punishment. His character became firm. Ostap was considered the best of his comrades, he did not lead in daring enterprises, but willingly participated in them, never betrayed his comrades and was the first to accept punishment. He was straightforward and kind. His main interests were war and riotous revelry. Andriy was more lively, developed and inventive. “Study was easy for him.” He led various enterprises, but always knew how to evade punishment. He was also seething with a thirst for achievement, but his soul was already filled with the desire for love.
What thoughts did the heroes have on the way to the Zaporozhye Sich? What was Taras thinking about? What did Ostap and Andriy remember? How do these memories characterize the characters?
“Old Taras was thinking about the past,” remembering his life and friends. Ostap recalled his mother’s tears, and this embarrassed him, which emphasizes the hero’s sincerity. Andriy thought about meeting a beautiful Polish woman who had touched him so much - his soul was overwhelmed by a feeling of love, which at some point would become more important to him than anything else - family, comrades, homeland.
Why did Gogol introduce a description of the steppe into the story about the Zaporozhye Cossacks? Why does the description of the steppe precede the image of the Zaporozhye Sich?
The description of the steppe creates the emotional background of the story. Gogol paints beautiful pictures of nature, which, on the one hand, harmonizes with the feeling of freedom that filled the hearts of the heroes heading to the Zaporozhye Sich - a society of free people. On the other hand, the harmony and tranquility of nature contrast with the riotous and reckless life of the Sich.
How does Gogol paint the steppe? What does he pay attention to when talking about her? How does it help to see her beauty? Compare the descriptions of the steppe during the day, in the evening, and at night.
The author describes the steppe in motion: this is the movement of time. First we see the steppe during the day, then at sunset, then at night.
The steppe is painted with a variety of colors: gold, green, blue, indigo and purple; it appears as an ocean on which millions of different colors splash. A wide variety of birds fill the air with a thousand sounds. The steppe is beautiful, free and endless, it is compared to the ocean. In the evening, the colors changed - the motley space was replaced by the last bright reflection of the sun and gradually darkened. Stripes of pink sunset are drawn across the sky as if with a gigantic brush. Light, transparent clouds were white. The morning music of the steppe gave way to another.
Gogol was able to describe the vast free spaces of the steppe, like paintings, with the help of hyperbole (by the immeasurable waves of wild plants, clouds wild geese); bright epithets (a green-golden ocean, across a blue-dark sky), comparisons (you could hear... the cry of a swan and, like silver, reverberate in the air; the freshest seductive, like sea waves), metaphors (in the blue waves of air) and personification (steppe has long accepted them into her green arms).
When describing the steppe and when describing the mother of Ostap and Andriy, the image of a seagull appears. What does this image symbolize and why does it appear in both descriptions?
“A seagull is swimming luxuriously in the air above the steppe,” which becomes a symbol of will and freedom. Associated with the image of Ostap and Andriy’s mother, the seagull becomes a symbol of reverence and purity. Perhaps in both cases the image of a seagull appears to emphasize the contrast between the freedom of nature and the unfreedom of human life.
How does the description of the Dnieper relate to the main narrative? Try to determine what role the landscape plays in the story.
The description of the Dnieper is exciting and majestic, like the people about whom the writer talks about their fate in the heroic story. The landscape correlates with the narrative about the fate of the heroes.
Retell one of the descriptions of nature paintings close to the text. Justify your choice.
When retelling the text, include the techniques that Gogol used: his metaphors and hyperboles.
How are Taras and his sons preparing to enter the Sich?
Before entering the Sich, Taras became dignified, his sons also looked at themselves from head to toe with some kind of fear and vague pleasure.
What words convey Gogol's admiration for the Sich? Find comparisons in the text that show the author’s attitude towards the Zaporozhye Sich and the Cossacks.
Gogol writes: “... this is the outskirts of the Sich, which looked like a fair and which clothed and fed the Sich, which only knew how to walk and fire guns”; “So here she is, Sich! This is the nest from which all those proud and strong like lions fly out! This is where the will and Cossacks spread throughout Ukraine!”

Essay on literature on the topic: Ostapa and Andria - while studying at the Bursa

Other writings:

1. The sons of Taras were sharply different from each other. At first, Ostap ran away from the Kyiv Academy several times, buried his primer, was returned and beaten. Then he resigned himself and even began to study diligently, but this did not save him from punishment. His character became Read More ......
2. “Taras Bulba” gives a heroic and romantic image of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people. Taras Bulba appears before the reader as an extraordinary personality, and at the same time he is a part of his people - the Zaporozhye Cossacks. The idea of ​​fiery patriotism, unbending courage, and the invincibility of “Russian comradeship” permeates everything Read More ......
3. In the story “Taras Bulba” N.V. Gogol glorifies the heroism of the Russian people. Russian critic V. G. Belinsky wrote: “Taras Bulba is an excerpt, an episode from the great epic of the life of an entire people.” And N.V. Gogol himself wrote about his work: “Then Read More......
4. Having finished reading Gogol’s book “Taras Bulba,” I regretfully put it aside. I liked her very much. I read it in one sitting in one evening. Then, before writing the essay, I re-read it again. This book is not easy and to give preference to someone else Read More ......
5. N.V. Gogol was deeply interested in the history of Little Russia, although the attitude towards the political and cultural role of Ukrainians was ambiguous in different periods of his work: from admiration and great hopes to pessimism, attributing all achievements and merits to the depths of time. Brilliant intuition combined Read More ......
6. The conflict between father and teacher also rages in Gogol’s “Taras Bulba”; and, while preserving its inherent and already traditional comedy, it also acquires tragic contours. Dressed in the awkward uniform of Ukrainian schoolchildren, Ostap and Andriy arrive at their father's house. And meets Read More......
7. Ostap and Andriy are brothers, but they are very different from each other. Ostap has a strong character, this becomes clear at the very beginning of the story. The years spent in the bursa strengthened the young man. Ostap “didn’t get rid of the inexorable rods. Naturally, Read More......
8. How did they perform in this test? Let us first turn to the image of Andriy, since the image of Ostap allows us to turn to a new problem - the problem of feat, which will later combine the following two topics: the death of Taras and the collective image of the Cossacks. Read More......

Compare the behavior of two brothers - Ostap and Andriy - while studying at the bursa.

The sons of Taras were sharply different from each other. At first, Ostap ran away from the Kyiv Academy several times, buried his primer, was returned and beaten. Then he resigned himself and even began to study diligently, but this did not save him from punishment. His character became firm. Ostap was considered the best of his comrades, he did not lead in daring enterprises, but willingly participated in them, never betrayed his comrades and was the first to accept punishment. He was straightforward and kind. His main interests were war and riotous revelry. Andriy was more lively, developed and inventive. “Study was easy for him.” He led various enterprises, but always knew how to evade punishment. He was also seething with a thirst for achievement, but his soul was already filled with the desire for love.

What thoughts did the heroes have on the way to the Zaporozhye Sich? What was Taras thinking about? What did Ostap and Andriy remember? How do these memories characterize the characters?

“Old Taras was thinking about long ago,” remembering his life and friends. Ostap recalled his mother’s tears, and this embarrassed him, which emphasizes the hero’s sincerity. Andriy thought about meeting a beautiful Polish woman who had touched him so much - his soul was overwhelmed by a feeling of love, which at some point would become more important to him than anything else - family, comrades, homeland.

Why did Gogol introduce a description of the steppe into the story about the Zaporozhye Cossacks? Why does the description of the steppe precede the image of the Zaporozhye Sich?

The description of the steppe creates the emotional background of the story. Gogol paints beautiful pictures of nature, which, on the one hand, harmonizes with the feeling of freedom that filled the hearts of the heroes heading to the Zaporozhye Sich - a society of free people. On the other hand, the harmony and tranquility of nature contrast with the riotous and reckless life of the Sich.

How does Gogol paint the steppe? What does he pay attention to when talking about her? How does it help to see her beauty? Compare the descriptions of the steppe during the day, in the evening, and at night.

The steppe is painted with a variety of colors: gold, green, blue, indigo and purple; it appears as an ocean on which millions of different colors splash. A wide variety of birds fill the air with a thousand sounds. The steppe is beautiful, free and endless

She is compared to the ocean. In the evening, the colors changed - the motley space was replaced by the last bright reflection of the sun and gradually darkened. Stripes of pink sunset are drawn across the sky as if with a gigantic brush. Light, transparent clouds were white. The morning music of the steppe gave way to another.

Gogol was able to describe the vast free spaces of the steppe, like paintings, with the help of hyperbole (by immeasurable waves of wild plants, clouds of wild geese); bright epithets (a green-golden ocean, across a blue-dark sky), comparisons (you could hear... the cry of a swan and, like silver, reverberate in the air; the freshest seductive, like sea waves), metaphors (in the blue waves of air) and personification (steppe has long accepted them into her green arms).

When describing the steppe and when describing the mother of Ostap and Andriy, the image of a seagull appears. What does this image symbolize and why does it appear in both descriptions?

“A seagull is swimming luxuriously in the air above the steppe,” which becomes a symbol of will and freedom. Associated with the image of Ostap and Andriy’s mother, the seagull becomes a symbol of reverence and purity. Perhaps in both cases the image of a seagull appears to emphasize the contrast between the freedom of nature and the unfreedom of human life.

How does the description of the Dnieper relate to the main narrative? Try to determine what role the landscape plays in the story.

The description of the Dnieper is exciting and majestic, like the people about whom the writer talks about their fate in the heroic story. The landscape correlates with the narrative about the fate of the heroes.

Retell one of the descriptions of nature paintings close to the text. Justify your choice.

When retelling the text, include the techniques that Gogol used: his metaphors and hyperboles.

How are Taras and his sons preparing to enter the Sich?

Before entering the Sich, Taras became dignified, his sons also looked at themselves from head to toe with some kind of fear and vague pleasure.

What words convey Gogol's admiration for the Sich? Find comparisons in the text that show the author’s attitude towards the Zaporozhye Sich and the Cossacks.

Gogol writes: “... this is the outskirts of the Sich, which looked like a fair and which clothed and fed the Sich, which only knew how to walk and fire guns”; “So here she is, Sich! This is the nest from which all those proud and strong like lions fly out! This is where the will and Cossacks spread throughout Ukraine!”

Compare the behavior of two brothers - Ostap and Andriy - while studying at the bursa.

The sons of Taras were sharply different from each other. At first, Ostap ran away from the Kyiv Academy several times, buried his primer, was returned and beaten. Then he resigned himself and even began to study diligently, but this did not save him from punishment. His character became firm. Ostap was considered the best of his comrades, he did not lead in daring enterprises, but willingly participated in them, never betrayed his comrades and was the first to accept punishment. He was straightforward and kind. His main interests were war and riotous revelry. Andriy was more lively, developed and inventive. “Study was easy for him.” He led various enterprises, but always knew how to evade punishment. He was also seething with a thirst for achievement, but his soul was already filled with the desire for love.

What thoughts did the heroes have on the way to the Zaporozhye Sich? What was Taras thinking about? What did Ostap and Andriy remember? How do these memories characterize the characters?

“Old Taras was thinking about long ago,” remembering his life and friends. Ostap recalled his mother’s tears, and this embarrassed him, which emphasizes the hero’s sincerity. Andriy thought about meeting a beautiful Polish woman who had touched him so much - his soul was overwhelmed by a feeling of love, which at some point would become more important to him than anything else - family, comrades, homeland.

Why did Gogol introduce a description of the steppe into the story about the Zaporozhye Cossacks? Why does the description of the steppe precede the image of the Zaporozhye Sich?

The description of the steppe creates the emotional background of the story. Gogol paints beautiful pictures of nature, which, on the one hand, harmonizes with the feeling of freedom that filled the hearts of the heroes heading to the Zaporozhye Sich - a society of free people. On the other hand, the harmony and tranquility of nature contrast with the riotous and reckless life of the Sich.

How does Gogol paint the steppe? What does he pay attention to when talking about her? How does it help to see her beauty? Compare the descriptions of the steppe during the day, in the evening, and at night.

The steppe is painted with a variety of colors: gold, green, blue, indigo and purple; it appears as an ocean on which millions of different colors splash. A wide variety of birds fill the air with a thousand sounds. The steppe is beautiful, free and endless, it is compared to the ocean. In the evening, the colors changed - the motley space was replaced by the last bright reflection of the sun and gradually darkened. Stripes of pink sunset are drawn across the sky as if with a gigantic brush. Light, transparent clouds were white. The morning music of the steppe gave way to another.

Gogol was able to describe the vast free spaces of the steppe, like paintings, with the help of hyperbole (by immeasurable waves of wild plants, clouds of wild geese); bright epithets (a green-golden ocean, across a blue-dark sky), comparisons (you could hear... the cry of a swan and, like silver, reverberate in the air; the freshest seductive, like sea waves), metaphors (in the blue waves of air) and personification (steppe has long accepted them into her green arms).

When describing the steppe and when describing the mother of Ostap and Andriy, the image of a seagull appears. What does this image symbolize and why does it appear in both descriptions?

Gogol "Taras Bulba"

The sons of Taras were sharply different from each other. At first, Ostap ran away from the Kyiv Academy several times, buried his primer, was returned and beaten. Then he resigned himself and even began to study diligently, but this did not save him from punishment. His character became firm. Ostap was considered the best of his comrades, he did not lead in daring enterprises, but willingly participated in them, never betrayed his comrades and was the first to accept punishment. He was straightforward and kind. His main interests were war and riotous revelry. Andriy was more lively, developed and inventive. “Study was easy for him.”

He led various enterprises, but always knew how to evade punishment. He was also seething with a thirst for achievement, but his soul was already filled with the desire for love. What thoughts did the heroes have on the way to the Zaporozhye Sich? What was Taras thinking about? What did Ostap and Andriy remember? How do these memories characterize the characters? “Old Taras was thinking about long ago,” remembering his life and friends. Ostap recalled his mother’s tears, and this embarrassed him, which emphasizes the hero’s sincerity. Andriy thought about meeting a beautiful Polish woman who had touched him so much - his soul was overwhelmed by a feeling of love, which at some point would become more important to him than anything else - family, comrades, homeland. Why did Gogol introduce a description of the steppe into the story about the Zaporozhye Cossacks? Why does the description of the steppe precede the image of the Zaporozhye Sich? The description of the steppe creates the emotional background of the story. Gogol paints beautiful pictures of nature, which, on the one hand, harmonizes with the feeling of freedom that filled the hearts of the heroes heading to the Zaporozhye Sich - a society of free people. On the other hand, the harmony and tranquility of nature contrast with the riotous and reckless life of the Sich. How does Gogol paint the steppe? What does he pay attention to when talking about her? How does it help to see her beauty? Compare the descriptions of the steppe during the day, in the evening, and at night. The author describes the steppe in motion: this is the movement of time. First we see the steppe during the day, then at sunset, then at night. The steppe is painted with a variety of colors: gold, green, blue, indigo and purple; it appears as an ocean on which millions of different colors splash. A wide variety of birds fill the air with a thousand sounds. The steppe is beautiful, free and endless, it is compared to the ocean. In the evening, the colors changed - the motley space was replaced by the last bright reflection of the sun and gradually darkened. Stripes of pink sunset are drawn across the sky as if with a gigantic brush. Light, transparent clouds were white. The morning music of the steppe gave way to another. Gogol was able to describe the vast free spaces of the steppe, like paintings, with the help of hyperbole (by immeasurable waves of wild plants, clouds of wild geese); bright epithets (a green-golden ocean, across a blue-dark sky), comparisons (you could hear... the cry of a swan and, like silver, reverberate in the air; the freshest seductive, like sea waves), metaphors (in the blue waves of air) and personification (steppe has long accepted them into her green arms). When describing the steppe and when describing the mother of Ostap and Andriy, the image of a seagull appears. What does this image symbolize and why does it appear in both descriptions? “A seagull is swimming luxuriously in the air above the steppe,” which becomes a symbol of will and freedom. Associated with the image of Ostap and Andriy’s mother, the seagull becomes a symbol of reverence and purity. Perhaps in both cases the image of a seagull appears to emphasize the contrast between the freedom of nature and the unfreedom of human life. How does the description of the Dnieper relate to the main narrative? Try to determine what role the landscape plays in the story. The description of the Dnieper is exciting and majestic, like the people about whom the writer talks about their fate in the heroic story. The landscape correlates with the narrative about the fate of the heroes. Retell one of the descriptions of nature paintings close to the text. Justify your choice. When retelling the text, include the techniques that Gogol used: his metaphors and hyperboles. How are Taras and his sons preparing to enter the Sich? Before entering the Sich, Taras became dignified, his sons also looked at themselves from head to toe with some kind of fear and vague pleasure. What words convey Gogol's admiration for the Sich? Find comparisons in the text that show the author’s attitude towards the Zaporozhye Sich and the Cossacks. Gogol writes: “... this is the outskirts of the Sich, which looked like a fair and which clothed and fed the Sich, which only knew how to walk and fire guns”; “So here she is, Sich! This is the nest from which all those proud and strong like lions fly out! This is where the will and Cossacks spread throughout Ukraine!”