background
The first settlers appeared on Kansk land 20-25 thousand years ago, as evidenced by archaeological excavations. On the banks of local rivers and their tributaries in the Paleolithic era, mammoth and reindeer hunters settled. People came to this territory from various regions of Asia and Europe. The population of Ancient Siberia led a nomadic lifestyle. People constantly moved in search of the best place for fishing and hunting. Sometimes they had to move under the pressure of stronger tribes who came to seize the territory. Many tribes and peoples lived on Kan land.
In the XIII century, the Mongol conquerors came to the territory of the modern city and its environs, to whom the peoples living on this land submitted. Among the conquered were the inhabitants of the upper reaches of the Kan River. Later, these people began to be called Kamasinians. They called their river Pasbekun (meaning "wood and red water"). The Mongols destroyed many settlements, the inhabitants of which were either taken captive or killed. Some tribes managed to escape from the invaders. In the era of the Mongol conquests, the Ket-speaking population joined the Kamasians. Gradually, the tribes mixed with each other.
It is believed that the people, called Kamasins, appeared in the Neolithic era (IV-III millennium BC). Scientists have established that in this era one people constantly lived on the Kan land. This is evidenced by the burials found here. The dead were buried according to the same rite.
In the 17th century, in the basins of the Biryusa and Kan rivers, people called Kotts lived. In addition to the Kotts, the Kamasinians and some other tribes continued to live here. Kansk (Kottovskaya) land was divided into 15 uluses. Each ulus was headed by an ancestor (since the ulus was, in fact, a separate clan). The genus was usually named after the ancestor who headed it. The Cotts were engaged in fishing and hunting. They also knew how to raise cattle. Shamanism became the religion of the Kotts. After the penetration of Russians into Siberia, the Cotts also begin to engage in trade.
Kansk winter hut
The Krasnoyarsk prison, founded in 1628, laid the foundation for many settlements on the Yenisei River. The construction of prisons and settlements was necessary for the Russians in order to establish themselves in the occupied territory. Attacks on Russian fortresses and settlements were not rare. The local population was forced to pay yasak, which, accordingly, caused discontent among the tribes living here.
In 1628, ataman Yermolai (otherwise -) Ostafyev was sent to build a winter hut "among the Kan people." The winter hut was built on September 18, 1628 at the large Araxiev threshold and consisted of several huts. Ostafiev negotiated with local princes for several weeks. They decided to submit and pay yasak regularly. The Kamasinians, Asans and Cotts agreed to pay tribute, as they saw the Russians as a reliable defense against frequent attacks by warlike neighbors. The princes begged the Russians to go to war against the constantly attacking Buryat and Tuba tribes, offering to become guides.
The Kansk winter hut was repeatedly attacked and burned to the ground, which did not prevent the Russians from collecting the first yasak already in May 1629. In 1630, it was not possible to collect the tax because the local population was robbed by the Kalmyk and Tuba tribes, who claimed that the population of the Kan land recognized them, and not Moscow's power. Then for several years between the newcomer tribes and the Russians there was a struggle for supremacy in the territory.
Kansky prison
In 1635, part of the Kan lands was captured by the Tubans and Kirghiz. The new Krasnoyarsk governor Fyodor Myakinin sent a letter to Moscow with a proposal to establish several more prisons to strengthen the power of the Russians. In 1636, the Kansk prison was founded, in which a garrison of fifty people permanently lived. 1636 is considered the year of Kansk's birth. The construction of the Kansk prison gave local residents the hope that Moscow would definitely protect them from enemy raids. The first campaign against the Buryats was undertaken in the winter of 1636-1637. After arriving at the place where the Buryat tribes lived, it turned out that the Buryats had migrated in an unknown direction. The hungry and tired army rebelled. The ataman was threatened with reprisal. Over the next few years, the Russians fought not only with the periodically attacking Buryat tribes, but also with the "Kan" population. Ostrog was repeatedly attacked and destroyed.
The yasak population was able to completely get rid of the oppression of the Buryats only after they annexed them. However, the threat from the south remained. The raids by the Tubans continued. The constant threat of attack prevented the emergence of tillage on Kan land. The idea of developing agriculture repeatedly arose among the Krasnoyarsk governors. However, the Moscow authorities doubted that there could be good harvests on the Kanan land. Farming has never been practiced by the nomadic population of Siberia. In the event of an enemy attack, the garrison could not protect the peasants.
The friendship of the "Kan" people with the Russians did not suit the Mongol khans. They launched a fierce war against Russia. The fight against the Mongols was complicated by the constant raids of the Tubins and Kirghiz, who often united for joint attacks. In 1678, the Tubins captured and then burned the Kansk fortification. The Tubins were finally defeated only in 1693. In the same year, a decree was issued on the construction of a settlement near the Kansk fortress. Initially, it was planned to settle 20-30 Cossacks with their families here. Each Cossack was entitled to 4 rubles "for housing." However, no one volunteered to live near the fortification. The Kansk prison was almost completely destroyed after the departure of the Tubins. It was only restored in 1697.
Attacks on Kan land stopped only at the beginning of the 18th century. In 1701, a peace agreement was reached by all parties. Since 1717, the resettlement of Russian families began to the Kan land. These were the families of white local Cossacks. To secure the settlers in the new place, the authorities allocated funds for the construction of the Church of the Savior. It was built in 1722 and was the only "hand" church in the entire Krasnoyarsk district. The Church of the Savior was called “Rugnaya” because the priest, sexton and clerk who served in it received a “rugu” for their work, that is, a monetary and bread salary.
Until 1725, the Kansky prison was located on the right bank of the river, then it was moved to the left. In the 1730s, new settlers began to arrive in the settlement near the prison, attracted by the fertility of local lands and the prospects for profitable trade. In 1735, there were no less than forty households in the settlement at the prison.
Early 19th century
At the beginning of the 19th century, a new category of settlers appeared on Kansk land. These people were driven by stage. The people often called them "self-propelled", because in the same place they lived in conditions of severe need and did not have land. "Self-propelled" willingly went to Siberia, hoping to find a better life there. Some of them settled in a settlement near the Kansk prison, others moved on.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Kansky prison lost its significance as a fortified point, turning into an ordinary peasant settlement. Local residents were engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding. The settlement grew gradually. When the Patriotic War of 1812 began in the Russian Empire, the Kanese fifty went to defend their homeland. As a result of the campaign, fifty, having distinguished themselves in battle, received a banner with the inscription: “Glory in the highest, who won! Eternal memory, who lay down dead! After the Patriotic War of 1812, 29 Cossacks returned to Kansk land. Most of them were badly wounded. All 29 soldiers were awarded orders.
In connection with a significant increase in the population of Siberia in the 1820s, an administrative-territorial reform was carried out. In 1822 Siberia was divided into Western and Eastern. The fourth Siberian province was established, which received the name Yenisei. The structure of the new province included 5 districts (later - counties): Achinsk, Kansk, Krasnoyarsk, Yenisei and Minusinsk, as well as a provincial (that is, non-district) city.
City of Kansk
In 1825, the entire free population of Siberia was converted into stanitsa Cossacks and equalized in rights. In those years, Kansk was considered a small, sparsely populated city. The status of a district city was assigned to Kansk thanks to such categories of the population living in it as a military Cossack garrison and officials. In addition to these categories, merchants and artisans also lived in Kansk. Agriculture also remained one of the most important occupations of local residents, but has already faded into the background.
In the first years of its existence as a city, Kansk was not characterized by rapid growth and development. It consisted of three streets and three lanes. There were 2 public wooden buildings, 161 residential buildings, a stone church, a hospital, several shops and 3 taverns. The townspeople preferred agriculture. The exiled settlers were engaged in crafts. Some revival in the local economy was made by gold mining, which began in the Yenisei province in the 1830s. Gold was found on the Yanga River (a tributary of the Kan). Soon the Anatolyevsky mine was founded here. Gold mining had a serious impact on the people of Kansk. In summer, most of the local population began to go to the mines. Despite the difficult working conditions, there were more than enough people willing to work. Trade in the city has revived significantly.
Since Kansk was far from the cultural center and had an underdeveloped economy, the tsarist government chose this city for the settlement of exiles. Opponents of the autocracy were sent here. In addition, the Moscow tract ran here, along which some exiles were sent to even more remote provinces. The exiles living in Kansk were kept secretly under surveillance. At first, this function was to be performed by local Cossacks. However, they refused to perform "police functions". The Decembrists left a deep mark on the life of Kansk. The locals respected these strong and courageous people who continued to fight for the well-being of the people, even when they were in exile.
Second half of the 19th century
In the 1850s, Kansk developed and grew still slowly. In 1855, the city received its coat of arms, the main element of which was a rye sheaf. Kansk, despite the development of trade and crafts, continued to be rural. Farming and cattle breeding again come to the fore. The residents of Kansk preferred rye to all other cultures. Flax, buckwheat, hemp, barley and tobacco were cultivated in small quantities. A foreign vegetable, the potato, is also becoming popular with the locals.
It is believed that in socio-economic terms, Kansk was able to become a city only in the 1860s. This means that trade and craft in Kansk began to dominate over agriculture and cattle breeding. One of the main urban crafts is the processing of animal raw materials. Many residents of the city took up carting. The first enterprises appeared in Kansk: a tannery, a soap-making plant and 2 fat-baking factories. In order to develop trade and industry in the city, a public bank was established in 1862, which had the right to accept deposits, issue bills secured by goods, and keep records of loans. Medical care in Kansk has always been at a low level, despite the presence of hospitals in the city. All services were paid. The population preferred to be treated with home remedies or turn to healers, which often led to death. An almshouse was built in the city, which was maintained at the expense of the city budget for several years. However, in the 1870s, the funding for the almshouse was suspended.
After the reform of 1870, carried out, local self-government appeared in the city. In 1875, a new "City Regulation" was introduced. In the first 2 years of work, officials of the Kansk self-government did not receive a salary.
In the last two decades of the 19th century, many new buildings were built in Kansk. A new city development plan was approved in 1881. A year later, a women's parish school was opened, in which up to 45 students could study at the same time. The training lasted 3 years. Among the public buildings built during this period, the Jewish prayer house is the best preserved to this day. In 1884, another local school was transformed. It became known as the city. The course of study was designed for 6 years, instead of the previous two. 80 people studied at the school at the same time. Only boys could get an education here. Not all children in the city attended school. In Kansk itself, only the children of the townspeople and peasants studied. The wealthiest sent their children to study in and.
In 1885, near the city, on the banks of the Kan River, private artels were organized, engaged in leather processing. In the same 1885, a strong fire broke out in the city, which destroyed a huge number of important historical documents. The improvement of the city at the end of the 19th century left much to be desired. From the surviving reports to the Yenisei governor, it is known that there was practically no place in the city free from sewage. Due to the large number of animals in the city, most of the territory of Kansk was covered with manure. As a result, the death rate from infectious diseases has risen rapidly. In the 1890s, the construction of new hospitals began in the counties of the Yenisei province. In Kansk, it was planned to build a complex of wooden buildings that would unite hospital barracks for men and women. In addition, administrative and utility rooms were to be built. The wooden hospital complex, built at the end of the 19th century, until recently continued to function as a medical institution in the city.
The economic life of Siberia revived significantly after the construction of the Siberian railway began in the 1890s. The highway was built simultaneously from two sides: from and from. The peak of construction came in 1893. Some residents of Kansk also took part in the construction, leaving their hometown and going to work.
Kansk was considered the poorest city in cultural terms among other settlements of the province. The townspeople devoted their free time to drinking and gambling. For 4 thousand people living in the city, about two dozen drinking establishments were opened. Guests of Kansk noted that there were no libraries or bookstores in the city. In 1895, the Kanese intelligentsia raised the issue of opening reading rooms and libraries in their native city. Some advocated an increase in the number of educational institutions. However, library advocates argued that if the population had the opportunity to read books, literacy would increase on its own. Thanks to voluntary donations from citizens, more than a thousand rubles were collected to equip the library.
At the end of September 1895, documents for the construction of the railway were sent to the Yenisei governor. The station building in Kansk was built in 1896. And the first passengers who arrived from Krasnoyarsk, the station was able to accept already in February 1897. In the same 1897, the construction of a railway bridge over the Kan River was completed. The advent of the railway had a positive impact on the economic development of the city. Thanks to the emergence of a new mode of transport, it became possible to send and receive goods even faster. Settlers flocked to Kansk from the European part of the empire. A resettlement center was built not far from the railway station, where up to 150 families could live at the same time. This building was necessary for the temporary residence of new residents of the city.
The Kansk district existed until the end of the 19th century. Then it officially became known as the county. Kansk became a county town in 1897. By that time, about seven thousand people permanently lived in the city. Trade was the main occupation of the townspeople. The inhabitants of Kansk supplied Irkutsk with bread, as well as gold mines in the Yenisei taiga. More than a dozen small enterprises operated in the city. These were mainly soap, tanneries and brick factories. In 1898, an important event took place in the cultural life of Kansk: a library-reading room was opened. The library should have opened much earlier. However, due to the inability to resolve some organizational issues, the opening was constantly postponed. Upon establishment, a Board of Trustees was created. It consisted of 36 people. The employees of the Council were obliged to monitor the publication of new books and draw up desiderats (that is, lists of books most in demand by readers).
Early 20th century
The revolutionary movement in Siberia began in 1902. In April 1902, V. Luchinin, a former student of Moscow University, died in the Kansk hospital. A few days later, the political exiles who lived in the city went to the hospital for the body of their comrade. The exiles refused to hold a church ceremony, and the funeral turned into an anti-government demonstration: the participants handed out proclamations and sang revolutionary hymns. About a month later, workers clashed with police at the Konstantinovo-Innokentievsky gold mine in the Kansk district.
Three years later, in 1905, the First Russian Revolution took place in the country, which ended in failure for the opponents of tsarist power, but had large-scale consequences. At the end of 1905, the Committee for the Arrangement of Meetings was created in Kansk. The distribution of leaflets and proclamations began in the city. A Bolshevik organization appeared, which consisted of 50 people. In December 1905, strikes intensified in the city and county.
The revolution was forgotten for a while because of the First World War. By 1914, the population of Kansk had grown by 2.5 times (up to 17.5 thousand people). Kansk fifty took part in hostilities under the command of Yegor Vasin. A simple soldier Lavin distinguished himself in the war with cunning and ingenuity. He single-handedly managed to capture several soldiers and officers, creating the appearance that a detachment of Cossacks was in ambush in the forest. Lavin was a descendant of the Kansk Cossacks, which he was very proud of. Thanks to the active work of the Kan Bolsheviks, revolutionary sentiments spread in the city and district. Residents of Kansk advocated the transfer of power in the country to the Soviets. In the autumn of 1917, the Kansk garrison supported the Bolsheviks. At the end of October, news of an armed uprising in Kansk reached. On October 27, a meeting of the Soviet of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies was held in the city. The meeting adopted a resolution on the transfer of power to the Soviets.
Civil war in Kansk
Civil war came to Siberia in 1918. In mid-May, the second echelon of the Czechoslovak division arrived at the Kansk station. For several hours the train did not move. After the Kan Council demanded an explanation of what was happening, the chief of staff stated that this was a temporary stop. The Czechs were engaged in drill training right on the forecourt. The Czech Corps failed to turn north or disarm. The city authorities understood the danger of the White Czechs being in the city, but they could not do anything.
At the end of May, simultaneously with the rebellion of the White Guards, the Czechoslovak uprising began. On May 29, with the support of the Social Revolutionaries, several provincial cities were captured, including Kansk. Local Bolsheviks were arrested. Some Red Army soldiers were shot. Despite the active resistance of the Bolsheviks, the Whites prevailed due to the inequality of forces. Massacres began against representatives of the Soviet authorities. All surviving Bolsheviks were forced to go underground, and the Bolshevik organization temporarily suspended its work.
The Great Patriotic War
Kansk, like all other cities of the new state, managed to free itself from the power of the Whites. People gradually returned to peaceful life. However, less than twenty years later, a new disaster came to the country - the Great Patriotic War. A line of volunteers lined up at the Kansk military registration and enlistment office who wanted to defend their homeland. Kansk received evacuees from besieged Leningrad. First of all, the Children's House was evacuated from the city. Residents of Kansk took up the treatment of orphans, exhausted by diseases and hunger. The evacuated women and children had to be provided with housing and basic necessities: clothes, shoes and underwear. The able-bodied should be employed. Some city institutions (aero club, library technical school, pedagogical school, etc.) were temporarily occupied for military needs.
During the Great Patriotic War, the industrial potential of the city increased significantly. The front needed supplies. The city was forced to fulfill urgent orders, manufacturing the products necessary for the front. One of the main specializations of the city is the production of skis, which were in dire need of the Komsomol ski battalions. The production of skis was forced to take over one of the shops of the timber processing plant.
Postwar years
After the end of the war, the inhabitants of Kansk return to peaceful labor. New businesses are being built in the city. Already at the end of 1945, the first stage of the cotton enterprise was put into operation. A sanatorium for tuberculosis patients appeared in the city. In the post-war years, the local theater resumed work. The acting staff was reduced, but the number of performances was increased.
At the end of the 1940s, the design of the Kansk foundry and mechanical plant "Glavgidrolizprom" was carried out. The first heat was received in June 1949. The plant specialized in the production of such products as metal structures for typical central repair and mechanical workshops, castings for hydrolysis plants, cast iron ribbed furnaces, etc. In the early 1950s, street paving resumed in the city. Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, cobblestones were laid on several central Kanian streets. During the war, the paving of the streets, for obvious reasons, was suspended.
City industrial artels were engaged in the manufacture of shoes and household goods, coal mining. Artels did not receive the necessary supplies and were forced to look for raw materials on their own. However, it was extremely difficult to find unscheduled raw materials in the conditions of actively developing production. For this reason, many industrial artels had to be liquidated. A small part of them was transformed into enterprises. Some artels have merged with already existing factories and factories.
Modern Kansk
The development of the city was relatively stable and prosperous until the infamous crisis of the 90s. Food shortages, unemployment and other problems characteristic of the crisis of this period came to the city. It is possible that Kansk has not yet been able to cope with all the consequences of the crisis to the end, but at present the economic situation in the city has stabilized.
In 2011, Kansk celebrated its 375th anniversary. The city celebrated a significant date with a huge number of cultural and sporting events. Performance of creative teams took place in Kansk, the exhibition "City and People" was held. In February 2011, the city received its new coat of arms and flag. On February 5, a sports event called the All-Age Aerobics Marathon was held at the Tekstilshchik sports and recreation complex. And at the end of the month, the annual "Ball of the Head of the City" took place - an event so beloved by the Kanese youth.
I was born in the city of Kansk, Krasnoyarsk Territory.
The history of the city of Kansk originates from the prison, which was founded in 1636 by the Cossack Miloslav Koltsov.
Despite the remoteness from the center of the country, Kansk is a witness and participant in many significant and fateful events.
Located on the route marked by Vitus Bering, the city experienced the gold rush and heard the shackle ringing.
A.P. Chekhov wrote about Kansk, who stayed here on May 31, 1890 during his trip to Sakhalin in the book “From Siberia”: “I am writing this from Kansk. There is also Kainsk, but that one is up to Tomsk, and this one is just Kansk, without and. Both taken together will make one Zvenigorod. Gray morning. Now let's eat borscht ... ".
The Tsarevich, the future Emperor Nicholas II, stopped in Kansk on his way from Japan in June 1891.
The city of Kansk is located in the Kansk forest-steppe on the left bank of the Kan River (a tributary of the Yenisei), 247 km from Krasnoyarsk. The city was founded as a small Kansk prison near the Komarovsky rapids on the Kan River and served as a defensive structure against the attacks of the Yenisei Kirghiz. Ostrog was located 43 km below modern Kansk, and in 1636 it was moved to its current location and became one of the bases in the advancement of Russian explorers to the east of Russia. In 1717, 20 families of Cossacks from Krasnoyarsk were resettled in Kansk.
By 1722, the Spassky Church, the only one in the Krasnoyarsk district, was built. By 1735, the area of the prison was increased, and peasants, artisans, and merchants began to move here.
In the 40s of the 18th century, the Siberian tract passed through Kansk, and a post station appeared in the city.
In December 1822, Kansk received the status of a district city. Merchants of Kansk were engaged in the production of yuft leather, gold mining. The inhabitants of Kansk were mainly engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding, in the summer many went to the gold mines.
By 1861, Kansk becomes a full-fledged city. Factories appeared: a soap factory, a tannery, and two fat-heating factories.
Famous merchants Gerasim Gadalov, the founder of the Gadalov dynasty, merchant of the 2nd guild Timofey Savenkov, the father of archaeologist I.T. Savenkov, begin their activities.
In 1897, the Society for the Aid to Primary Education and the People's Reading Room were opened.
In 1911, the cinema of the merchant A.P. Yakovleva began to work in Kansk for 300 seats - the first cultural institution in the city.
The Kansk Museum of Local Lore was opened in 1922. Until 1990, it was housed in the building of the Holy Intercession Cathedral. Currently, it is housed in the renovated building of the first Furor cinema in Kansk.
Since 1925, Kansk has been the district center of the Kansk district of the Yenisei province, since 1934 - the regional center of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
During the Great Patriotic War, a number of textile industry enterprises were evacuated to the city from the European part of the country. During the war years, a cotton mill and a hydrolysis plant were built in Kansk.
Today, the small Siberian town of Kansk is an important railway junction on the Trans-Siberian (Kansk-Yeniseisky station). The M53 motorway passes through the city.
The city has a drama theater
14 archeological monuments are protected in Kansk,
including the sites Makhashushka I and Makhushka II.
Among the sights of the city - the triumphal arch "Royal Doors"
night view
Cathedral of the Holy Trinity - the first stone building of Kansk (then a prison)
Gadalovsky trading rows
On the territory of Kansk there is a natural monument - Pine Forest, formed in 1985 in order to preserve the forest area located within the city. The area of the forest is 143.5 ha. A bit of nature
In 1912 there were 55 exiles in Kansk. Decembrists K.G. lived here. Igelstrom, A.E. Mozalevsky, V.N. Solovyov, participants in the Polish uprising and revolution of 1905-1907, associates of N.G. Chernyshevsky.
During the Civil War, V. Ya. Zazubrin (Zubtsov), V. A. Itin, Yaroslav Gashek lived and worked in Kansk, who found their families here.
"Two Worlds" by V. Ya. Zazubrin is the first Soviet novel. "Country of Gonguri" by V. A. Itin is the first Soviet science fiction story. Yaroslav Gashek is the author of the book The Adventures of the Good Soldier Schweik during the World War. He wrote in Kansk not only this famous book, but also essays that were first published in the Kommersant magazine in 2002.
Zalomov lived in Kansk, the prototype of the hero Pavel Vlasov from M. Gorky's novel "Mother".
Letters from Boris Pasternak addressed to Olga Ilinskaya were sent to Kansk. Here she wrote the book "Captured by Time", which was published in England.
The future writer Mikhail Osharov grew up in Kansk.
After the Stalinist repressions, many repressed people lived in the city, who had a very high intellectual, educational and professional level. For example, the brother of the People's Artist of the USSR Saryan - N.P. Sariev, taught at the children's music school, at a time when it was headed by the Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR L.P. Kryuchkova. It was her merit that the school was recognized as exemplary in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Why do I write about these people in such detail?Because I am offended when Kansk, despite its 93,000 population, is called a "village".
And also a native of Kansk, actor Permyakov, Vladimir Sergeevich - who became famous thanks to the role of Lenya Golubkov in MMM advertising :)))
The last 10 years have passed in Kansk International Cannes Video Festival- festival of innovative, alternative, avant-garde video (annually in late August - early September). The Grand Prix of the Cannes Video Festival, as opposed to the Cannes Film Festival, is the Palme d'Or.
The Cannes Film Festival is an international competition for film and video films, as well as video art and all related genres of visual art at the intersection of cinema and contemporary art. He positions himself as a platform for experiments, and also opposes censorship and Hollywood.
General information and history
Kansk is located in the south of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, is the capital of the Cannes region. The area of the city is 96.3 km².
In 1628, the Kansky small prison appeared, located 43 km from the territory of the modern city. It was moved eight years later. Its function was to repel the raids of the Yenisei Kirghiz. At the beginning of the next century, twenty Cossack families moved to Kansk from Krasnoyarsk. Seven years later, 126 men lived in the prison. By 1735, the territory of the prison was enlarged, and in addition to the Cossacks, artisans, peasants and merchants began to live in it.
A few years later, the Siberian Highway passed through Kansk, and peasants began to be exiled to it. In 1822 Kansk became a district town. Infrastructure has developed and the population has exceeded a thousand people. In the 1860s, industry appeared in Kansk, by the end of the century several churches and a bank were functioning. During the First World War, a POW camp operated in the city, where six thousand people were kept.
During the Civil War, partisans were active in Kansk. In 1934, Kansk became the regional center of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
During the Second World War, several industrial enterprises were evacuated here. Plus, at the same time, a hydrolysis plant and a cotton mill were built. There were twelve hospitals.
The population of Kansk for 2018 and 2019. Number of residents of Kansk
The data on the number of city residents are taken from the federal state statistics service. The official website of the Rosstat service www.gks.ru. Also, the data were taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of the EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The site published data on the number of residents of Kansk. The table shows the distribution of the number of Kansk residents by years, the graph below shows the demographic trend in different years.
Population change chart of Kansk:
The total population in 2015 was about 91.6 thousand. According to this indicator, the city took the fourth place in the region - after its capital, Norilsk and Achinsk. Population density - 951.8 people / km².
Nationally, most of the townspeople are Russians.
Burial name: kanets, kanka, kantsy.
Kansk city photo. Photo of Kansk
Information about the city of Kansk in Wikipedia.
Related videos
Story
Founded in 1628 as the Kansk small prison near the Komarovsky rapids on the river Caen 43 km below the modern city. In 1636 it was moved to its current location. Like Krasnoyarsk, the city was built as a fortress from raids Yenisei Kirghiz.
In 1717, twenty families were resettled in Kansk Cossacks from Krasnoyarsk. In 1720-1724, there were twenty-two courtyards in the Kansk prison, in which 126 male souls lived. By 1722, the only one in the Krasnoyarsk district was built hand-held Spassky Church.
By 1735 the area of the prison was increased. New walls were built, a ditch three feet deep and wide. arshin. Forty households were built in the prison itself, where peasants, artisans, and merchants begin to move. The first peasants of Kansk were Yeremey Shilyaev from Abakan prison, Filat Dmitriev from the village of Pavlovskaya, and a lonely 44-year-old exile Ivan Belykh, from the serfs Moscow district.
In the 1740s passed through Kansk Siberian tract. A post office appeared in the city. The resettlement of exiled peasants began.
In 1782, the population of Kansk consisted of forty-one revision soul merchants and philistines, 264 census souls of state peasants and eight settlers.
In December 1822, the city received the status of a district, becoming the center Kansky District(since 1879 - Kansky district) Yenisei province. Officials begin to appear in the city - in 1823, seventeen people. Kansk at this time consists of two quarters, three streets and three lanes, a stone parish church, three government and two public wooden buildings. There were also 161 houses, three taverns, four shops, a hospital, almshouse and the county school. 123 people are engaged in crafts, two people are engaged in trade. The population of Kansk in 1823 was 1112 people. After 1831 in the city in accordance with the decree Senate post office opens.
Famous merchants started their activity in Kansk: Gerasim Gadalov- founder of the dynasty Gadalov, merchant of the 2nd guild Timofey Savenkov - the father of an archaeologist I. T. Savenkova and others.
In 1897, the "Society for Assistance to Primary Education" was opened, a public reading room was opened.
By the beginning of the 20th century, there were six handicraft tanneries in Kansk, two candle factories, and one soap factory. The population in 1897 was 7,537. There are 534 houses, of which only two are stone, two stone churches, a Jewish chapel. There were three schools, a city bank with a capital of 80,000 rubles.
Road bridge over the river Kan in the city center
In 1911, the cinema "Furor" of the merchant A.P. Yakovleva began to work for three hundred seats - the first cultural institution in Kansk.
City coat of arms
The historical coat of arms of the city was approved (December 20 1855. The shield is divided into two equal parts, the Yenisei coat of arms is depicted at the top, and a golden rye sheaf is depicted at the bottom, on a green field. The shield is decorated with a golden city crown. On December 15, 2010, the emblem of the municipality of the city of Kansk was approved, the sign of the Yenisei province disappeared, a rye sheaf remained on a green background of the shield, the emblem is decorated with a golden crown.
Holy Trinity Cathedral
Bridge Square, Arch
Visited the city many times Decembrists V. N. Solovyov, D. A. Shchepin-Rostovsky, K. G. Ingelstrom, P. N. Falenberg.
- Decembrist A. E. Mozalevsky - died in Kansk, was buried in the summer of 1851 in the Spassky Cathedral.
- members Polish uprising of 1863 N. N. Oswald, N. A. Benevolensky, V. Levandovsky and others;
- associates N. G. Chernyshevsky N. Serno-Solov'evich, Yu. Shlenker, Yu. Roytynsky and others;
- member of the "Northern Union of Russian Workers" P. A. Moiseenko (1880-1883);
- member Blagoevskaya group N. A. Gerasimov (1889-1892);
- Marxists V. P. Artsybushev(1891-1894), M. A. Silvin, F. V. Lengnik (1900-1902), F. E. Dzerzhinsky (1909), E. D. Stasova, S. S. Spandaryan (1913), N. N., and E. A. Panin (1903-1904), G. A. Usievich (1911-1914), I. I. Schwartz (since 1914);
- members revolutions of 1905-1907 I. B. Prisyagin, N. I. Korostelev (1913-1918)
In 1912, there were fifty-five exiles in Kansk.
During the Stalinist repressions, many exiles lived in the city, who had a very high intellectual, educational and professional level. For example, the brother of the People's Artist of the USSR Martiros Saryan N. P. Sariev taught at the children's music school at the time when it was headed by the Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR L. P. Kryuchkova. It was her merit that the school was recognized as exemplary in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Population
| Population | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1724 | 1782 | 1823 | 1856 | 1861 | 1897 | 1917 | 1926 | 1931 | 1939 | 1956 |
| 250 | ↗ 600 | ↗ 1112 | ↗ 2000 | ↗ 2486 | ↗ 7537 | ↗ 15 032 | ↗ 19 000 | ↗ 24 600 | ↗ 41 584 | ↗ 61 000 |
| 1959 | 1962 | 1967 | 1970 | 1973 | 1975 | 1976 | 1979 | 1982 | 1985 | 1986 |
| ↗ 82 662 | ↗ 90 000 | ↗ 91 000 | ↗ 94 680 | ↗ 95 000 | ↗ 98 000 | → 98 000 | ↗ 100 558 | ↗ 101 000 | ↗ 106 000 | → 106 000 |
| 1987 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| ↗ 108 000 | ↗ 109 607 | ↗ 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | ↘ 109 000 | ↘ 108 000 | → 108 000 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
| ↘ 107 500 | ↘ 107 400 | ↗ 108 100 | ↘ 103 000 | → 103 000 | ↘ 102 200 | ↘ 102 000 | ↘ 101 600 | ↘ 100 300 | ↗ 100 453 | ↘ 97 320 |
| 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | |||
| ↘ 94 226 | ↘ 94 042 | ↘ 93 060 | ↘ 92 575 | ↘ 92 142 | ↘ 91 658 | ↘ 91 018 | ↘ 90 231 | |||
As of January 1, 2018, in terms of population, the city was in 191 place out of 1113 cities of the Russian Federation. The fourth most populous city in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - after Krasnoyarsk (1 090 811 ), Norilsk(178 018 ) and Achinsk (105 264 ).
Local government
Chairman of the City Council of People's Deputies- 1989-1991 - Boyko Anatoly Alekseevich
- 1989-1992 - Pilyagin Alexander Alexandrovich
Climate
- Average annual air temperature - 0.2 °C
- Relative humidity - 70.3%
- Average wind speed - 3.0 m/s
| Climate of Kansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index | Jan. | Feb. | March | Apr. | May | June | July | Aug. | Sen. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Year |
| Average temperature, °C | −19,4 | −16,7 | −8,3 | 1,3 | 10,0 | 15,9 | 19,1 | 16,0 | 8,5 | 1,0 | −9,3 | −17,1 | 0,2 |
Timezone
Industry
In 2015, the city's enterprises produced products worth 2.65 billion rubles. One of the main industries is timber processing. In 2015, 97 legal entities were engaged in timber processing in the city and Kansky district.
Large enterprises:
- "Kanplast" plant for the production of polymer packaging materials
Trans-Siberian railway bridge across the Caen in the city center
Transport and defense
Used as urban transport shuttle buses.
Important railway junction Transsib- station Kansk-Yenisei.
Highway passes through the city P255 (M53) "Siberia".
Bridgehead microdistrict
Education
Currently in Kansk work:
Mass media
The city broadcasts 18 TV channels in analog format, is preparing to launch the first digital multiplex for 23 TVK, broadcasts 5 radio stations.
culture
Korostelev Square
Triumphal Arch
Museums
The Kansk Museum of Local Lore was opened in 1922. Until 1990, it was housed in the building of the Holy Intercession Cathedral. It is currently housed in the renovated building of the first Furor cinema in Kansk.
The city has the Central Library System of Kansk (centralized library system), which includes 11 libraries: TsGB im. A.P. Chekhov, Central Children's Library, City Library. A. and B. Strugatsky, library-branch No. 2, library-branch No. 3, youth library, City Library named after Yu.R. Kislovsky, library-branch No. 8, library-branch No. 12, children's library-branch No. 7 , children's library-branch No. 11.
Entertainment and recreation
In Kansk, there are: the Cosmos cinema, the Coffeemania coffee shop on its basis, the Voskhod youth center, the Piramida bowling club, the Marusya restaurant of Russian cuisine, the Siberia restaurant and hotel, the Atlantida hotel, the cafe " Zhemchuzhina, the Yug hotel, the 1000 and 1 night hotel, the Port Arthur shopping center, the Medved campsite (a hotel, a cafe, a banquet hall on the basis of the campsite), three nightclubs: GOROD, Paris club ", and "xxx"
In Kansk, the ski base is open throughout the winter season. In 2011, the Dolphin sports complex was opened on Gorky Street.
twin cities
Notes
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Retrieved July 31, 2017. Archived from the original on July 31, 2017.
- I. V. Shcheglov Chronological list of the most important data from the history of Siberia. WSRS publication. Irkutsk. 1883. p. 406
- Prisoners of war of the imperialist war // Siberian Soviet Encyclopedia. Novosibirsk. 1929
- Website of the Kansk City Council of Deputies - Symbols
- * Krivosheya G. V., Lavrusheva L. G., Preisman E. M. Musical life of Krasnoyarsk. - Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyarsk book publishing house , 1983.
- People's encyclopedia "My city". Kansk. Retrieved January 17, 2014. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014.
- All-Union census of the population of 1939. The number of the urban population of the USSR by urban settlements and intracity districts. Retrieved November 30, 2013. Archived from the original on November 30, 2013.
- All-Union population census of 1959. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013.
