Every modern apartment, country house or cottage has household appliances and engineering equipment that consumes a large amount of electricity. In the science of electrical phenomena, the use of electricity for practical purposes, it is customary to call such consumers loads. A competent division into groups of electrical wiring in an apartment with an input voltage of 380 or 220 volts will help increase the convenience of operating the power grid.

Division of electrical wiring into groups

Due to the use in housing of a large number of electrical appliances such as washing machines, air conditioners, boilers, various audio and video equipment, the load on modern electrical wiring has increased. The kitchen room ranks first in the house in terms of the concentration of household appliances - an electric stove, a refrigerator, a microwave oven, a dishwasher, a double boiler, an electric kettle and a lot of additional equipment that consumes a large amount of electricity.

For example, a three-phase input (380 V) and in order to avoid overload on it, all phases must be evenly distributed. Otherwise, the voltage on the phase wires will differ from each other up or down. In the case when there is a single-phase power supply equal to 220 V, voltage drops in the range from 150 to 280 V can lead to damage to electrical appliances.

Also, with such work, there is an increase in electricity consumption for equipment that is not protected from voltage surges in the network. Therefore, it is very important to correctly distribute the loads in phases.

Load distribution in a 380 volt brush in a country house

To distribute the load and ensure protection and safety during operation, the wiring is divided into groups. This method will allow you to separately control the supply of current to individual devices or a set of electrical consumers. This method is convenient when carrying out repair work, since you can turn off the desired power supply group. In various emergencies - the neighbors flooded, a nail was unsuccessfully hammered into the wall, which damaged the wiring. By turning off the emergency unit, you can continue to use the rest of the lines.

Phase distribution at 380 volt distribution of automatic machines

• Large household appliances, which act as powerful energy consumers, are installed separately with the installation of a circuit breaker in the distribution box. Such equipment is an electric stove, an electric oven, an electric kettle, a water heater, an air conditioner, a washing machine.
• A group of sockets, each room - a living room, a bedroom, a nursery, an office - is recommended to be made in individual blocks.
• The kitchen is a very busy part of any home, where sockets should also be separated.
• The lighting system is made as an individual block, if possible, it is better to make the lighting of each room separately.
• The sanitary unit, which is included in the point of the most dangerous premises according to the electrical safety system, where there is high humidity, must also be made by a separate group.

Before you start dividing the wiring into groups, you should draw up a plan of the room with marked locations for sockets and powerful household appliances, lamps, and switches. Knowing in advance which electrical connection points will be involved, you can avoid rewiring in the future.

Phase separation diagram in a 380 volt brush in an apartment

The set of sockets and lighting fixtures is calculated from the electrical load for this row. In the case when the power of all connected units exceeds the allowable limit for this system, the block is divided into two or, if necessary, more lines.

Scheme for connecting machines with an input voltage of 220 V

In rooms with a high level of humidity, a differential current leakage protection of 10 mA is installed. The most suitable devices for installation are a circuit breaker in combination with or an integrated protective device that performs the protective functions of two devices. Allows you to protect the supplied circuit from overloads, short circuit currents such combinations of cables with automatic machines:

1. For other lines, a differential protection system is installed for a leakage current of 30 mA.
2. Lighting is carried out by a cable with a cross section of 3x1.5 mm2, automatic protection 10 A.
3. Sockets are best made with a 3x2.5 mm2 cable and 16 amp circuit breaker protection.
4. Consumers with a power of more than 3.5 kW - electric ovens, electric stoves must be connected directly to the electric cable with the installation of an automatic switch of the required rating.

Load distribution scheme in an apartment with a 220 volt supply in the apartment

Choose circuit breakers and cross section, supply wires should be in a more loaded phase. Uneven distribution of the phase loading and unaccounted for asymmetries in the distribution of the current load lead to serious errors in the selection of wire cross-sections, which leads to an overload of the electrical system - overheating, breakdown, risk of ignition. When buying an electrical cable, it is recommended to choose wires with fire safety indicators.

Method for calculating electric power

For distribution by wiring groups when designing electrical network circuits in apartments, country houses, cottages, summer cottages and other small objects, in which the voltage does not exceed 15-25 units. An elementary and effective calculation method is used using Microsoft Excel tables. The summary should include the following information:

• load name;
• voltage power;
• the number of loads;
• an indicator of the power that is used;
• demand ratio;
• cos value

After entering all the data, the system will automatically recalculate the rated electricity and rated power.

1. You need to enter a list of loads present at the facility or devices that are planned to be installed. The literacy of the compilation of the table depends on the careful selection and indicators of the data that are entered in the table.
2. The principle of creating a table is not complicated - all the loads of the living space should be collected in groups, the electrical power is calculated for each group separately. Using this method, it will be easier to distribute the power among the phases.
3. All indicators for calculating the table must be taken from the passport data of the units.
4. It is important to consider the difference between the distribution of currents in single-phase and 3-phase loads. A single-phase load accordingly loads one phase, in a 3-phase load, the currents are distributed evenly over the three phases. The exceptions are the capacity utilization indicator and the demand indicator.

The calculation of single-phase and three-phase voltage is carried out according to different formulas.

Formula for single phase load: I=W*1000/U/N,

where I is the load current A.

W is an indicator of the power of an electrical appliance kW.

U – phase voltage 220 V.

N is the number of devices that are included in the group.

Formula for 3-phase load: I=W*1000/(U*1.74),

where I is the load current A.

W is the power of the electronic unit kW.

U - line voltage 380 V.

Table for calculating the required wire cross-section depending on the load

Cable section, mm 2

open wiring

Laying in channels

Aluminum

Aluminum

power, kWt

power, kWt

power, kWt

power, kWt

Hello, dear guests and subscribers of the site!

After reading this article, you will know how to correctly divide the wiring into separate groups and why should it be done at all.

Previously, in old houses in the electrical panel there was one machine that turned off everything at once: all sockets and all the lighting in the apartment.

The main consumers were a couple of lamps, a table lamp, a TV, an iron and an electric razor, sometimes something else.

Nowadays, there are much more electrical appliances, and the requirements for modern electrical wiring have also increased.

Modern distribution stations have grown significantly in size, and their filling has also changed significantly.

Washing machines, electric water heaters, air conditioners, various audio and video equipment. Lighting is rarely limited to one lamp or chandelier under the ceiling - various lights, sconces, built-in lamps are widely used, and besides, all this beauty is often.

In the modern kitchen, perhaps, the largest concentration of household appliances: electric stoves, electric ovens, microwave ovens, dishwashers, double boilers, multicookers, food processors, electric kettles and many other necessary and useful appliances.

In order to distribute the load, ensure protection and safety of operation, as well as for ease of use, the wiring is divided into groups.

For rooms and devices with a humid environment (the so-called "wet" groups), it is necessary to install differential protection for a leakage current of 10 mA. It can be a bunch, or a difavtomat.

For other groups, a differential protection for a leakage current of 30 mA is set.

Lighting groups are made with a 3x1.5 mm2 cable and protected by a 10A automatic switch.

The socket groups are made with a 3x2.5 mm2 cable and are protected by a 16A circuit breaker.

Powerful consumers with a power of more than 3.5 kW (electric stoves, some types of electric ovens, etc.) are connected directly to the cable or through a special power outlet using a cable of the appropriate section (4 or 6 mm2), with the installation of an automatic machine of the required rating.

Let's summarize.

The division of electrical wiring into groups allows you to distribute the load, ensure protection and safety of operation, and make operation convenient.

In the event of an accident in one of the groups, the rest remain operational.

If you need repairs in one of the groups, you can turn it off, and continue to use others. For example, when repairing lighting, you can turn on the carrying with a light bulb in the socket and carry out repairs even in the dark.

It is necessary to calculate the current load for socket groups and lighting, and, if necessary, divide the group into two or more.

The division of electrical wiring into groups leads to an increase in the dimensions of the electrical panel, but significantly increases ease of use.

Watch the video version

Division of electrical wiring into groups

American-born naturopathic doctor Peter D'Adamo in 1989 published a nutritional book, The Four Blood Types, Four Paths to Health. In it, the doctor claims that the processes of absorption of nutrients by the human body are directly dependent on its genetic code, and specifically on the blood type. The group difference was formed over a long period of time, while the conditions of existence, the climate changed, a person mastered new products and technologies for their processing. According to D'Adamo's concept, eating according to blood types will allow you to get rid of harmful ballast substances, excess weight, and regulate the functioning of internal organs, especially the gastrointestinal tract.

The doctor has been collecting and processing information on the dependence of the state of health on human eating habits for fifteen years, his book has been reprinted many times and is recognized as one of the most influential in the world.

Despite the fact that part of the scientific community does not share the views of the American doctor, his concept continues to win admirers. This method of nutrition by blood types is especially in demand among those who want to lose weight and improve their health.

The most ancient -. In primitive times, its representatives were hunters, the basis of the diet of which was the meat of wild animals. The glands of their digestive system actively secrete proteolytic enzymes and are most adapted to the digestion of food rich in proteins.

It is best for people with the first group to use beef, chicken meat, turkey of medium fatness, which optimally combines the quality and quantity of protein.

It will saturate the body with essential amino acids, phosphorus, iron, B vitamins and PP. Fish is superior in digestibility to meat and meat products. Fish oil is rich in vitamins A and D, so it is useful to include in salmon, mackerel, fresh herring, sturgeon, trout. Milk and dairy products for type 1 blood should be kept to a minimum and replaced with soy milk and soy cheese.

Grain products saturated with gluten will also not benefit the "hunters", they are excluded from the diet. Light salads of kale and beets, spinach, sweet peppers, seasoned with olive oil will complement rich meat and fish dishes.

Most vegetables, and especially the usual potatoes, should be replaced with sweet potatoes, parsnips, turnips or broccoli. As a source of vitamins and fatty polyunsaturated acids, you can use walnut kernels and pumpkin seeds.

It arose during the development of agriculture and crop production. It is logical that vegetable products, cereals from cereals are optimal for its owners.

Meat and meat products will contribute to weight gain. Therefore, to compensate for the deficiency of essential amino acids, soybeans, peanuts are introduced into the diet, and only occasionally lean poultry meat can be consumed.

A variety of vegetables will contribute to weight loss: broccoli, kohlrabi, carrots, onions, pumpkin.

For complete assimilation of fat-soluble vitamins A, E, K, vegetable dishes are seasoned with olive oil. Fiber-rich oatmeal and buckwheat, rye flour bread in the diet will improve intestinal motility. But high-calorie wheat flour products, muffins, buns and pasta will have to be excluded - they will lead to rapid weight gain.

Pineapple, grapefruit, lemon, cherry, sweet cherry, blueberries, blackberries, cranberries are suitable for the 2nd type of blood. They contain few calories and are saturated with fruit acids.

After the development of hunting and farming, a person had a need for new lands. Migration processes began in the territory with a northern, cold climate, domestic animals were tamed, cattle breeding developed. At the same time, "nomads" appear. Their body is more hardened, has stable immunity, and the digestive system carries a variety of products for the third blood group.

The fact that people who have it are practically not inclined to be overweight. The most correct for health would be the presence of a large amount of milk and dairy products in the daily diet of "nomads".

Dairy products do not carry extra calories, have a beneficial effect on the intestinal microflora and the formation of strong immunity. In addition, they are the main supplier of calcium to the body. From protein-rich foods, rabbit meat, lamb, cod, and eggs will benefit. You need to include a lot of green vegetables. Limit fatty pork, goose and chicken meat, seafood, bakery products made from wheat flour.

Appeared later than the rest as a result of the merger of all the previous three groups.

For the 4th type of blood in the diet, all heavy and harmful foods should be excluded, they can harm the immune system and the sensitive digestive system.

For weight loss, it is advised to alternate intellectual work with physical activity. The main products for should be fish and seafood: trout, salmon, flounder, seaweed (kelp), shrimp, mussels, crabs. They are easily digestible, rich in iodine, phosphorus and contribute to the normal functioning of the thyroid gland.

For group 4, meat should be present only in small quantities (as an extra). Milk and sour-milk products will help to reduce weight for obese people, especially in combination with green vegetables, pineapples, oatmeal dishes.

In addition, there is a whole group of products that are included in the diet for any blood type. From meat products, everyone can safely eat diet turkey. Fish species of salmon, whitefish, mackerel, trout will saturate the human body with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and will prevent atherosclerosis.

A salad of chard and cabbage dressed with cold-pressed olive oil is very useful - this dish contains a lot of folacin (vitamin B9) and tocopherols (vitamin E). From fruits, apples, figs and plums are suitable for everyone. This general diet is supplemented with individually suitable products.

Do not forget about a sufficient amount of liquid - about 1.5-2 liters per day. Pure non-carbonated water is best. An unsweetened infusion of wild rose berries is recommended as a vitamin drink.

For effective weight loss, there is not enough nutrition for blood types, you should exercise regularly. The load is chosen depending on the state of health. It can be morning exercises, jogging, swimming, or just daily long walks at a fast pace in the fresh air.

Distribution by groups, categories, categories

First letter "k"

Second letter "l"

Third letter "a"

The last beech is the letter "I"

Answer for the clue "Distribution into groups, categories, categories", 13 letters:
classification

Alternative questions in crossword puzzles for the word classification

The process of separating a homogeneous bulk material according to the size of its pieces

Formalized problem solved by artificial intelligence and applied statistics

Systematization of objects, phenomena

Final protocol of the race

Word definitions for classification in dictionaries

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998 The meaning of the word in the dictionary Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998
CLASSIFICATION (from Latin classis - category, class and ... fication) in logic - a system of subordinate concepts (classes of objects) of any field of knowledge or human activity, used as a means to establish links between these concepts or classes ...

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. The meaning of the word in the dictionary Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.
-and, well. see classify. The system, in a swarm of sth. .classified. K. Sciences. Library to. app. classification, -th, -th.

Wikipedia The meaning of the word in the Wikipedia dictionary
Classification is “a special case of applying the logical operation of dividing the volume of a concept, which is a certain set of divisions (dividing a certain class into types, dividing these types, and so on)”. "Classification is a meaningful order of things...

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov The meaning of the word in the dictionary Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov
(asi), classifications, f. (book). Action on verb. classify. The system of distribution of objects or concepts of some area into classes, departments, categories, etc. Classification of plants. Classification of minerals. Classification of sciences.

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova. The meaning of the word in the dictionary New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
well. Same as classification. The distribution system of some homogeneous objects or concepts by classes, categories, etc. according to the distinctive features, properties.

Examples of the use of the word classification in the literature.

120 French fairy tales belonging to various types according to classification Aarne and Thompson.

The main instruments of research were means of observation of facts and logical means - comparison, selection, generalization, abstraction, classification, definitions of concepts, conclusions, hypotheses, etc.

Anticipating the objections of criticism in advance, we therefore point out the fact that in practice the stages of understanding, as a rule, either change not as consistently as in the proposed adapted classification or even occur at the same time.

So, at the beginning of the Tale of Bygone Years, he put an outline of the division of the land between the sons of Noah, borrowed from Amartol, and this geographical classification, or table, he added his own list of Slavic, Finnish and Varangian tribes, giving them a place in the Afetova part.

We suspect that the usual attempt classification is simply a new manifestation of the atomistic, connectionist worldview.