From the first days, the fortress Krasny Yar had to assert the right to exist with weapons and diplomacy.
Until the end of the 17th century, Russian villages and arable lands could not advance south of the mouth of the Mana. Krasny Yar itself was repeatedly besieged. The chief Kyrgyz prince Irenek conveyed to the Krasnoyarsk governor through the ambassador in 1665:
“At Krasny Yar, tell the voivode to give yasak from the Kachins, and from the Arins, and from the Kans, and from the zemlets and uluses to Senga (the Dzhuigar ruler) to give yasak, but if the voivode does not order to give yasak, and I will be from the Kalmyks, and from the Kirghiz, and from the Tubins, and from the Altyrs near the Krasnoyarsk jail and district with military people at war.
For a long time, only small fortifications - prisons guarded the distant approaches to the Krasnoyarsk prison. From the west, in 1641, the Achinsk prison was set up, probably near the modern village of Serezha. In 1682, this prison was moved / to the site of the modern city of Achinsk. From the east, in 1618, the Kansk prison was built (on the site of the present village of Komarov). In 1626, the prison was also moved to the site of the modern city of Kansk. In 1645, the Karaulny prison was erected (now in the flood zone of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir). The garrisons of these fortifications consisted of annually replaced yearling Cossacks. Okladnikov A.P. Discovery of Siberia. 2nd ed. - M.: Young Guard, 1981.
By the end of the 17th century, the main territory of the Yenisei region was annexed to Russia. However, the armed resistance of the Yenisei Kirghiz ceased only at the beginning of the 18th century. At this time, Russia strained all its forces in the struggle for the Baltic. Needing huge funds, Peter I demanded decisive action from the Siberian governors and the full taxation of the tribes of southern Siberia with yasak. The laboring indigenous population more and more often took the side of the Russians, hoping to free themselves from ruinous polyanism. In 1701-1704, the Yenisei Kirghiz were defeated by the combined military forces of Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Yeniseisk and Kuznetsk. Some princes, forced by Dzungaria, forcibly resettled in 1703 their clansmen in the foothills of the Tien Shan. The rest swore allegiance to the Russian Tsar and began to pay yasak. To protect the sworn Khakasses, in 1787, the Abakan jail was set up (the former village of Krasnoturanskoye, now in the zone of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir).
Peter I made an attempt to immediately gain a foothold in Zasayanye. Krasnoyarsk residents were obliged to build two prisons on the territory of modern Tuva and maintain garrisons in them. This would have brought additional hardships for the Cossacks, so the Krasnoyarsk people limited themselves to the construction in 1728 of only one Sayan prison at the foot of the Western Sayan, just 60 versts from the Abakan prison (on the site of the present city of Sayanogorsk, near the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station).
The border of Russian possessions along the upper Yenisei was finally established in 1718 by the Kyakhta Treaty with Manchuria. She passed through the deserted peaks of the Western and Eastern Sayan. Okladnikov A.P. Discovery of Siberia. 2nd ed. - M.: Young Guard, 1981.
The annexation of the Yenisei Territory was of great progressive importance for the local population. The predatory raids of the Mongols, Kalmyks and polygamy were forever finished. The people got the opportunity to work peacefully.
Thanks to history, we will find out who used to live in a particular house, why the streets are named that way, by whom and when a factory or temple was built. Information about the small homeland will bring us even closer to the history of the city, its past and present.
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Slides captions:
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten of a combined type No. 10 "Alyonushka" from the prison - to the city Performed by the educator MBDOU No. 10 Tatyana Simonovna Vorobyeva
Kansky jail in 1636 Kapelko V.F. "Pioneers on the River Kan"
Coats of arms of the city of Kansk 1855 2010
Kansk: yesterday and today
The city of Kansk Beginning of the city of Kansk (next to the city market) 1800 Entrance to Kansk from the Moscow Mountain
Railway station Station building built in 1897 New station built in 1980
Triumphal Arch Triumphal Gate 1891 Arc de Triomphe 2006
Architectural ensemble of the city center
Korostelev Square 2015 Market Square 1900 - 1905
Trade Rows Trade Rows 1907 2015
Korostelev Square The former house of the merchant Konovalov, where the first cinema in the city was opened in 1900. The Simplex store
Gadalovsky Rows Prospekt Gogolevsky 1898 Shops of the merchant of the 1st Guild of Gadalov
Gadalovsky ranks today
Spassky Cathedral Built in 1804 Photo of 1914 after the reconstruction of the temple in 1912 2015
Moskovskaya Street Shops of the merchant Gadalov Winter-Summer Store
Moskovskaya street The building of the city treasury 1885 - 2016
The oldest cinema in the city Cinema "Furor" 1911 Cinema "Kaitym" 1970
Museum of Local Lore Monument to the Cossack-discoverer of the Kansk Fort The cinema building was opened in October 1911
Moscow Post Street and the telegraph station located along Moskovskaya Street 19th century Administrative building of the postal service 1870
Moscow Street Women's Progymnasium 1904 Branch of the Pension Fund of Russia
Architectural monument City pharmacy built in 1909 Pharmacy building 2015
Favorite City Kansk Pravoberezhny District Spassky Cathedral Pravoberezhny District Predmostnaya Square
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From past to present
Slide #1
2016 is an anniversary year for Kansk. Our city turns neither more nor less - 380 years. Residents are proud of its glorious history and rich traditions. Our city is amazing! Past and present, history and modernity are harmoniously intertwined here.
Thanks to history, we will find out who used to live in a particular house, why the streets are named that way, by whom and when a factory or temple was built. Information about the small homeland will bring us even closer to the history of the city, its past and present.
Target:
Introducing preschoolers to the history and culture of their native city, local
attractions;
Raising love and affection for their small homeland.
History reference.
Slide number 2 Kansky jail
On the Siberian lands, the first Russian settlements began with small military fortifications -prisons . The complex history of the city of Kansk began with a similar prison.
Appeared in 1628 as a fortress-fortress that protected the sovereign's land from nomads from the south.
Krasnoyarsk ataman Miloslav Koltsov chose a place for the Kansk prison in "Kottovo land, in Kanu below the Bratsk ferry". It was noted not by chance: here was the main crossing through the Kan to the land of the Buryats. Since then, thanks to the Kansk prison, it was possible with great success to securely hold the conquered frontiers of the Russian state.
History reference
Ataman, Ermak Ostafiev with 50 Cossacks set up a winter hut on the Kan Araksiev threshold.
September 18, 1628 incabin four huts were installed. There were no chopped towers. Loopholes were cut in the logs.
In 1636 the prison was moved to its current location on the right bank. A permanent Russian population appeared in 1717.
Caen , in connection with ongoingresearch for laying the future route of the Moscow-Siberian tract.
In December 1822 Kansk becomes a district center and receives the status of a city. By this time there were 140 wooden houses, 1114 inhabitants, 1 stone church.
Slide number 3. Coats of arms of the city of Kansk
The historical coat of arms of the city was approved on December 20, 1855. The shield is divided into two equal parts, the Yenisei coat of arms is depicted at the top, and a golden rye sheaf is depicted at the bottom, on a green field. The shield is decorated with a golden city crown.
On December 15, 2010, the coat of arms of the municipality of the city of Kansk was approved, the sign of the Yenisei province disappeared, a rye sheaf remained on a green background of the shield, the emblem is decorated with a golden crown.
- Gold is a symbol of harvest, wealth, stability, respect.
- Green color is a symbol of nature, health, youth, life growth.
Slide №4 Kansk yesterday and today
It is difficult to recognize modern Kansk in old photographs, but some architectural monuments have remained unchanged and are the hallmark of our city: the Holy Trinity Cathedral, Gadalovsky Rows, Gostiny Ryads, the Kaytym cinema.
Slide number 5 the beginning of the city of Kansk on the Moscow highway.
The beginning of the city was located next to today's city market, as soon as the Siberian Moscow highway was laid. Currently, the city entrance to Kansk begins on the Moscow Hill. The city can be reached by car, bus or rail.
Slide number 6. Station Kansk-Yeniseisky.
In 1896, a station building was built in Kansk; on February 15, 1897, the station received the first passengers who arrived from Krasnoyarsk. In the same year, the construction of a railway bridge across the Caen was completed. The Trans-Siberian Railway contributed to the economic development of the city.
The station building served the city for 83 years and in 1980 a new, modern station was built.
Slide №7 Triumphal Arch "Royal Gates"
The Triumphal Arch is located on the Bridge Square in the city of Kansk, Krasnoyarsk Territory. Presumably, it was at the place where the Arc de Triomphe was built that the first landing of the Cossacks on the banks of the Kan took place. .
The local attraction was opened in September 2006, when Kansk celebrated its 370th anniversary. The Triumphal Arch became a copy of the "Royal Gates" that stood in the city in the distant tsarist times. Unfortunately, in 1917 the arch was destroyed. Only after 90 years the gates were rebuilt. The construction of the "Royal Gates" was carried out in compliance with all historical facts.
History reference.
In the spring of 1891, in the cities of the Yenisei province, as well as throughout Siberia, preparations began for a solemn event - the passage of the future Tsar Nicholas, who was returning from a trip around the world. Kansk was the first city in the province to welcome the distinguished guest. The city authorities decided to adequately celebrate this event. Repair work was carried out in city buildings, a tract road was corrected and atriumphal arch "Royal Gates" at the crossing over the Kan, in the area of modern Getoeva street.
Slide №8 Architectural ensemble
The architectural ensemble adjacent to the square. Korostelev, or as it was called in the last century, Bazarnaya, has remained unchanged for a century - the Living Room and Gadalovsky Rows, the Spassky Cathedral, the former trading houses of merchants Chivelev (the building of a tobacco factory that was damaged in a fire in 1983) and Konovalov (the building of the office of the brewery and the store " Simplex")
Slide number 9 square them. Korosteleva
The Korostelev Square itself can rightfully be considered a historical monument. She was in the old Bazarnaya. Peasants from all over the Kansk district traded in grain, hay, and various products. The winter Nikolsky fairs, famous throughout the Krasnoyarsk province, were held here. The area to them. It became Korostelev already in the 20th century, when the revolutionary N.I. Korostelev was executed at this place. In 1957, a monument was erected to commemorate this event. In 2003, the square was reconstructed - paving stones were laid, a fountain was built, and beautiful flower beds were laid out. Now the square is a favorite vacation spot for all citizens.
History reference
In the last quarter of the 19th century in Kansk winter Nikolsky fairs were held. Initially, they had only local significance, and then they acquired the provincial level. The fair opened on the feast of St. Nicholas of Myra on December 6 (December 19, according to a new style) and attracted merchants from all over the region, as well as merchants from Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk and even Orenburg.
The entertainment program of the fair consisted of fun games, performances by clowns, dancers, magicians, strongmen. Scenes based on scenes from city life performed by local clowns were especially popular. The images presented in the stories were recognizable and caused the laughter of numerous spectators on the Market Square.
Slide number 10. Trading rows
In 1830-31, “private individuals at their own expense with the permission of the authorities” built a woodengostiny dvor in the form of the letter "P" (the place of trade transactions and bazaars), "concluding twenty shops"".
A little later, a number of shops and shopping arcades lined up around Bazarnaya Square, adjacent to the Moscow Highway (now Korostelev Square). First of all, the shops of the merchant Konovalov (now - a library, bookstore, printing house), the shops of the merchant Chevelev (the old building of the tobacco factory, destroyed by fire in 1983).
In 1907 stone shopping arcades were built, which exist to this day
Slide №11 square them. Korostelev. House of the merchant Konovalov.
Here in the last century there were trading houses of the merchant Konovalov. Now in this old building there is an office of a beer factory and there is a Simplex store nearby. In the distant past, in 1903, the city's first cinematograph was located here. All the townspeople strove to watch black-and-white silent films, where they showed a completely different life. The cinematograph was soon closed "due to improper regulations".
Slide 12 and 13. Gadalovsky ranks
Built in the 30s of the 19th century, the trading rows of merchants of the first guild of the Gadalovs existed until the early 90s of the 20th century. Probably, in the old shops, brisk trade would have continued to this day, had there not been a fire. The fire completely destroyed the two-story building, and only the brick frames of the personal house of the merchants Gadalovs for a long time reminded of the historical building. And then these ruins were demolished.
For more than fifteen years, the unique architectural monument has stood in ruins. The Gadalovsky ranks rose from the ashes on the 370th anniversary of the city. The restored building looks no different from the original. Today, as before, the residents of Kansk come here for shopping. The builders followed the historical truth so scrupulously and accurately that the restored Gadalovsky Rows have become a new hallmark of the ancient Siberian city
History reference
At the corner of st. The estate of the merchant of the 1st guild Gerasim Gadalov, the founder of the later numerous family of merchants Gadalov, grew up on Moskovsky and Gogolevsky Prospekt. His sons Nikolai and Ivan opened trading houses: the first in Krasnoyarsk, the second - in Kansk, his five grandchildren continued the work begun by their grandfather. One of them, Nikolai Nikolaevich Gadalov, a gold miner and shipowner, was known throughout Russia. His grandfather Gerasim Petrovich, who, for lack of a letter, trusted his sons to write petitions to the Duma, was elected by the city society to the position of church warden of the Spassky Cathedral in 1874 and remained in this position until his death on June 10, 1876. In 1873 he had two estates in Kansk. One of them, the most expensive in the city, was estimated at 8 thousand rubles. There was the only two-storey stone house in Kansk. This house was the nest where the numerous Gadalov dynasty came from. The history of Siberian entrepreneurship is closely connected with the merchants Gadalov. They made a major contribution to the development of Kansk. A plot of manor land in the city of Kansk, at the corner of Moskovskaya Street and Cathedral Square, was acquired by the Gadalovs in 1867. A stone two-story house was built on it. It was the first stone residential building. When it was: an outbuilding, a trading shop, a pantry and a bathhouse, barns, stables.
Slide number 14. Spassky Cathedral
The cathedral is located on the central city square of the old historical center of Kansk
The Holy Trinity Cathedral, which is located on Korostelev Square, is the first stone building in the city, built in 1804. From 1912 to 1914 the cathedral was closed for renovation. Unfortunately, he did not always please us with his beauty. There were also difficult times for the Spassky Cathedral. During the years of persecution of religion, the temple was given to various organizations - first there was a warehouse, then a flying club, a drama theater, since 1976. to 1990 local history museum. The cathedral's bell tower was destroyed. In 1992, the temple was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Krasnoyarsk diocese and restored. Now it is again not only a monument to the history of our city, but also its decoration!
History reference
Near the Moscow tract, the first stone building of the Kansk prison grew up - the Church of the Savior. The construction of churches in prisons, cities and villages of Siberia, especially in the tract zone, was encouraged by the tsarist government, as it helped to consolidate the settlers in new places. The residents of the Kansk prison also received permission to build a stone church. Permission was received in the form of a blessed letter on October 8, 1797, after the Kan priest Mikhail Yevtyugin reported in a report to the Archbishop of Tobolsk (Varlaam) about the desire of the parishioners "to build a stone again in the declared prison instead of the wooden Church of the Savior."
Slide №15 Moskovskaya street. RCC
The oldest street in the city. On it, public and residential buildings built in the last century have been preserved to this day.
In 1883-1885, a two-story stone building was builttreasury . At present, this is the building of the cash settlement center (RCC) of the Kansk branch of the Savings Bank of Russia
Slide №16 st. Moscow. Cinema "Furor"
The oldest cinema in the city. The building was built in 1911 for the cinema "Furor" by the merchant A.P. Yakovleva for 300 seats. Furor is the first cultural institution in Kansk. In 1928, the cinema was renamed "Kaitym", in honor of the battle between partisan detachments and Kolchak soldiers on the river of the same name. In 1992, the building was transferred to the local history museum.
Slide №17 st. Moscow. Museum of Local Lore
The local history museum was founded in 1912 by local historian Dmitry Semenovich Kargopolov. His personal collections formed the basis of the museum funds. The most interesting were materials on local archeology, paleontology, works of Russian copper art casting: icons, folds and crosses, numismatics.
In 1922, the museum received the status of a state museum and “has 6,400 items of storage distributed in 14 small departments, a laboratory and a small library. Research and collection work is carried out jointly with the Kansk Local History Society.
Next to the museum there is a sculptural portrait of a Cossack (Yermak Ostafiev) - the discoverer of our places (sculptor Anatoly Shevchenko. In 2001 the long-awaited openingKansk Museum of Local Lore in the renovated building of the former cinema"Kaitym"
Slide №18 st. Moscow, 41. Post and telegraph
Architectural monument of 1870.
The Siberian, or Moscow tract served as a postal service for the population of Siberia. There was a post station on it in Kansk, where 11 pairs of horses were used to transport mail and passengers. In 1870, two wooden houses were built especially for the communications service at 41 Moskovskaya Street (surviving to this day): in the corner - administrative services, in the adjacent one - a post office and a telegraph station.
History reference.
In 1725, the Kansky prison was moved from the right to the left bank, to the place of transportation across the riverCaen , in connection with ongoingresearch for laying the future route of the Moscow-Siberian tract. The section of the road from Kan to the east to the Biryusa River, the so-called Kansky portage (emphasis on the first syllable), was one of the most difficult. Dense forest, swamps and swampy rivers, marshy, viscous soil "represented the greatest difficulties in arranging this path."
The discovery and initial development of Siberia went along the rivers. Further development of new lands required the deviceland roads . And such a way to the east was open.
In 1733, the ruling Senate decided to build the Siberian-Moscow tract in connection with the start of the work of the Second Kamchatka Expedition.
In 1734, the famous navigator and leader of the Kamchatka expedition, Vitus Bering, explored the Krasnoyarsk-Kansk-Tulun route, made an order for its arrangement and outlined the locations of eleven postal "stations" (stations): five to the west of the Kansk prison and six to the east. Stanzas, or pits, were erected every 25-30 miles, they were supposed to build a house for travelers and a hut for coachmen with a barn and a hayloft.
Slide №19 st. Moscow. PF RF
In 1894, the construction of an educational institution - a women's progymnasium - began. The construction was carried out on donations from the townspeople and the opening took place in 1904. In 1927, a pedagogical technical school was opened in the building, later renamed the Pedagogical College, which was located there until 1990. Due to flooding by groundwater, the building began to collapse and the pedagogical school moved to the constructed building on the right bank. The building was empty for a long time, collapsed, and only in 2000, a new building was built, now there is a branch of the Pension Fund of Russia.
Slide number 20. Pharmacy building - an architectural monument of 1909.
In 1909, the building of the central city pharmacy was built (Krasnopartizanskaya Street). The pharmacy continues to operate to this day. The building has been restored and is an example of the Siberian baroque style.
History reference:
The documents stored in the Kansk city archive also mention that “... that already in 1917 the pharmacy on Bolshoi Street (Krasnopartizanskaya Street) was one of the first to use electricity generated by the power plant of merchants Y. Shmulevich and K. Chevilev.
Slide number 21.
Favorite city Kansk.
The discreet beauty and comfort of our native city can be assessed in different ways, leaving even for a short time, we miss our native city, the streets, our home. Love for a small homeland is in our hearts forever.
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History
It was founded in 1628 as the Kansky small prison near the Komarovsky rapids on the Kan River, 43 km below the modern city. In 1636 it was moved to its current location. Like Krasnoyarsk, the city was built as a fortress against the raids of the Yenisei Kirghiz.
In 1717, twenty families of Cossacks from Krasnoyarsk were resettled in Kansk. In 1720-1724, there were twenty-two courtyards in the Kansk prison, in which 126 male souls lived. By 1722, the only hand-built Church of the Savior in the Krasnoyarsk uyezd was built.
By 1735 the area of the prison was increased. New walls were built, a moat three arshins deep and wide. Forty households were built in the prison itself, where peasants, artisans, and merchants begin to move. The first peasants of Kansk were Yeremey Shilyaev from the Abakan prison, Filat Dmitriev from the village of Pavlovskaya, and the lonely 44-year-old exile Ivan Belykh, from the serfs of the Moscow district.
In the 1740s, the Siberian tract passed through Kansk. A post office appeared in the city. The resettlement of exiled peasants began.
In 1782, the population of Kansk consisted of forty-one census souls of merchants and philistines, 264 census souls of state peasants and eight settlers.
In December 1822, the city received the status of a district, becoming the center of the Kansk district (since 1879 - the Kansk district) of the Yenisei province. Officials begin to appear in the city - in 1823, seventeen people. Kansk at this time consists of two quarters, three streets and three lanes, a stone parish church, three government and two public wooden buildings. There were also 161 houses, three taverns, four shops, a hospital, an almshouse and a district school. 123 people are engaged in crafts, two people are engaged in trade. The population of Kansk in 1823 was 1112 people. After 1831, a post office was opened in the city in accordance with the decree of the Senate.
Well-known merchants began their activities in Kansk: Gerasim Gadalov - the founder of the Gadalov dynasty, the merchant of the 2nd guild Timofey Savenkov - the father of the archaeologist I. T. Savenkov and others.
In 1897, the "Society for Assistance to Primary Education" was opened, a public reading room was opened.
By the beginning of the 20th century, there were six handicraft tanneries in Kansk, two candle factories, and one soap factory. The population in 1897 was 7,537. There are 534 houses, of which only two are stone, two stone churches, a Jewish chapel. There were three schools, a city bank with a capital of 80,000 rubles.
Road bridge over the river Kan in the city center
In 1911, the cinema "Furor" of the merchant A.P. Yakovleva began to work for three hundred seats - the first cultural institution in Kansk.
City coat of arms
The historical coat of arms of the city was approved (20) December 1855. The shield is divided into two equal parts, the Yenisei coat of arms is depicted at the top, and a golden rye sheaf is depicted at the bottom, on a green field. The shield is decorated with a golden city crown. On December 15, 2010, the emblem of the municipality of the city of Kansk was approved, the sign of the Yenisei province disappeared, a rye sheaf remained on a green background of the shield, the emblem is decorated with a golden crown.
Holy Trinity Cathedral
Bridge Square, Arch
Decembrists V.N. Solovyov, D.A. Shchepin-Rostovsky, K.G. Ingelstrom, P.N. Falenberg repeatedly visited the city.
- Decembrist A.E. Mozalevsky - died in Kansk, was buried in the summer of 1851 in the Spassky Cathedral.
- participants in the Polish uprising of 1863 N. N. Oswald, N. A. Benevolensky, V. Levandovsky and others;
- associates of N. G. Chernyshevsky N. Serno-Solovyevich, Yu. Shlenker, Yu. Roytynsky and others;
- member of the "Northern Union of Russian Workers" P. A. Moiseenko (1880-1883);
- member of the Blagoev group N. A. Gerasimov (1889-1892);
- Marxists V. P. Artsybushev (1891-1894), M. A. Silvin, F. V. Lengnik (1900-1902), F. E. Dzerzhinsky (1909), E. D. Stasova, S. S. Spandaryan ( 1913), N. N., and E. A. Panin (1903-1904), G. A. Usievich (1911-1914), I. I. Schwartz (since 1914);
- participants in the revolution of 1905-1907 I. B. Prisyagin, N. I. Korostelev (1913-1918)
In 1912, there were fifty-five exiles in Kansk.
During the Stalinist repressions, many exiles lived in the city, who had a very high intellectual, educational and professional level. For example, the brother of the People's Artist of the USSR Martiros Saryan N. P. Sariev taught at the children's music school at the time when it was headed by the Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR L. P. Kryuchkova. It was her merit that the school was recognized as exemplary in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Population
| Population | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1724 | 1782 | 1823 | 1856 | 1861 | 1897 | 1917 | 1926 | 1931 | 1939 | 1956 |
| 250 | ↗ 600 | ↗ 1112 | ↗ 2000 | ↗ 2486 | ↗ 7537 | ↗ 15 032 | ↗ 19 000 | ↗ 24 600 | ↗ 41 584 | ↗ 61 000 |
| 1959 | 1962 | 1967 | 1970 | 1973 | 1975 | 1976 | 1979 | 1982 | 1985 | 1986 |
| ↗ 82 662 | ↗ 90 000 | ↗ 91 000 | ↗ 94 680 | ↗ 95 000 | ↗ 98 000 | → 98 000 | ↗ 100 558 | ↗ 101 000 | ↗ 106 000 | → 106 000 |
| 1987 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| ↗ 108 000 | ↗ 109 607 | ↗ 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | → 110 000 | ↘ 109 000 | ↘ 108 000 | → 108 000 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
| ↘ 107 500 | ↘ 107 400 | ↗ 108 100 | ↘ 103 000 | → 103 000 | ↘ 102 200 | ↘ 102 000 | ↘ 101 600 | ↘ 100 300 | ↗ 100 453 | ↘ 97 320 |
| 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | |||
| ↘ 94 226 | ↘ 94 042 | ↘ 93 060 | ↘ 92 575 | ↘ 92 142 | ↘ 91 658 | ↘ 91 018 | ↘ 90 231 | |||
As of January 1, 2018, in terms of population, the city was in 191st place out of 1113 cities of the Russian Federation. The fourth most populous city in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - after Krasnoyarsk (1,090,811), Norilsk (178,018) and Achinsk (105,264).
Local government
Chairman of the City Council of People's Deputies- 1989-1991 - Boyko Anatoly Alekseevich
- 1989-1992 - Pilyagin Alexander Alexandrovich
Climate
- Average annual air temperature - 0.2 °C
- Relative humidity - 70.3%
- Average wind speed - 3.0 m/s
| Climate of Kansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan. | Feb. | March | Apr. | May | June | July | Aug. | Sen. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Year |
| Average temperature, °C | −19,4 | −16,7 | −8,3 | 1,3 | 10,0 | 15,9 | 19,1 | 16,0 | 8,5 | 1,0 | −9,3 | −17,1 | 0,2 |
Timezone
Industry
In 2015, the city's enterprises produced products worth 2.65 billion rubles. One of the main industries is timber processing. In 2015, 97 legal entities were engaged in timber processing in the city and Kansky district.
Large enterprises:
- "Kanplast" plant for the production of polymer packaging materials
Trans-Siberian railway bridge across the Caen in the city center
Transport and defense
Shuttle buses are used as urban transport.
An important railway junction on the Trans-Siberian is Kansk-Yeniseisky station.
The motorway P255 (M53) "Siberia" passes through the city.
Bridgehead microdistrict
Education
Currently in Kansk work:
Media
The city broadcasts 18 TV channels in analog format, is preparing to launch the first digital multiplex on 23 TVK, broadcasts 5 radio stations.
culture
Korostelev Square
Triumphal Arch
Museums
The Kansk Museum of Local Lore was opened in 1922. Until 1990, it was housed in the building of the Holy Intercession Cathedral. It is currently housed in the renovated building of the first Furor cinema in Kansk.
The city has the Central Library System of Kansk (centralized library system), which includes 11 libraries: TsGB im. A.P. Chekhov, Central Children's Library, City Library. A. and B. Strugatsky, library-branch No. 2, library-branch No. 3, youth library, City Library named after Yu.R. Kislovsky, library-branch No. 8, library-branch No. 12, children's library-branch No. 7 , children's library-branch No. 11.
Entertainment and recreation
In Kansk, there are: the Cosmos cinema, the Coffeemania coffee shop on its basis, the Voskhod youth center, the Piramida bowling club, the Marusya restaurant of Russian cuisine, the Siberia restaurant and hotel, the Atlantida hotel, the cafe " Zhemchuzhina, the Yug hotel, the 1000 and 1 night hotel, the Port Arthur shopping center, the Medved campsite (a hotel, a cafe, a banquet hall on the basis of the campsite), three nightclubs: GOROD, Paris club ", and "xxx"
In Kansk, the ski base is open throughout the winter season. In 2011, the Dolphin sports complex was opened on Gorky Street.
twin cities
Notes
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Retrieved July 31, 2017. Archived from the original on July 31, 2017.
- I. V. Shcheglov Chronological list of the most important data from the history of Siberia. WSRS publication. Irkutsk. 1883. p. 406
- Prisoners of war of the imperialist war // Siberian Soviet Encyclopedia. Novosibirsk. 1929
- Website of the Kansk City Council of Deputies - Symbols
- * Krivosheya G. V., Lavrusheva L. G., Preisman E. M. Musical life of Krasnoyarsk. - Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyarsk book publishing house, 1983.
- People's encyclopedia "My city". Kansk. Retrieved January 17, 2014. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014.
- All-Union census of the population of 1939. The number of the urban population of the USSR by urban settlements and intracity districts. Retrieved November 30, 2013. Archived from the original on November 30, 2013.
- All-Union population census of 1959. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013.
Kansk is 383 years old It appeared in 1636 as a fortress-fortress that protected the sovereign's land from nomads from the south. Later, when in the middle of the 18th century it was crossed by the Moscow tract - the great Siberian road, it remained a postal machine for a long time, and its inhabitants bore all the costs associated with the construction and operation of this road. This duty took them a lot of work and time: yamskaya chase, fodder harvesting, repairing bridges, paving gates, clearing the road in spring and autumn. In 1717, 20 families of Cossacks from Krasnoyarsk were resettled in Kansk. In 1720-1724, there were 22 courtyards in the Kansk prison, in which 126 male souls lived. By 1722, the only red church of the Savior in the Krasnoyarsk district was built. By 1735, the area of the prison was increased. New walls were built, a ditch three arshins deep and wide. 40 yards were built in the prison. Peasants, artisans, merchants begin to move to the prison. The first peasants of Kansk were Yeremey Shilyaev from the Abakan prison, Filat Dmitriev from the village of Pavlovskaya, and the lonely 44-year-old exile Ivan Belykh, from the serfs of the metropolitan district. In the early 60s of the 18th century, the government issued a series of decrees on exile to a settlement in Siberia. Thousands of people were driven here. Kansk land remembers the endless ringing of chains, parties of shackles, haggard gloomy faces: the faces of serfs, the faces of the Decembrist nobles. Five of them, after the Nerchinsk mines, were serving a settlement in the villages of the Kansk district. A. E. Mozalevsky forever remained in one of the numerous churchyards here. His body was buried in the summer of 1851 in the Spassky Cathedral. In the 1860s, Polish insurgents led by V. Lewandowski and N. Serno-Solovyevich were preparing their performance here. Their grandiose plan for the uprising of the Poles in Siberia with the center in Kansk remained unfulfilled. The Kanese land remembers the exiled revolutionaries of the early twentieth century: from P.A. Moiseenko - a member of the "Northern Union of Russian Workers" before F.E. Dzerzhinsky and N.I. Korostelev. Kansk remembers the gloomy faces of people - prisoners of the Gulag. Within the city there were several zones behind barbed wire. The names of the inhabitants remain unknown. In 1822 Kansk became a city. It belonged to the category of so-called agricultural cities. According to the Brockhaus and Efron dictionary, 4456 people lived in Kansk in 1888. Of these, 239 are craftsmen who make items of clothing, footwear, household goods and 160 people of the merchant class. At the end of the 19th century, eminent Kansk merchants often walked and drove around the streets of Kansk: Gadalov, Chevelev, Konovalov, Lobanov, Nekrasov, Kuznetsov, Savenkov and others. Their estates and shops appeared. At the corner of st. The estate of the merchant of the 1st guild Gerasim Gadalov, the founder of the later numerous family of merchants Gadalov, grew up on Moskovsky and Gogolevsky Prospekt. His sons Nikolai and Ivan opened trading houses: the first in Krasnoyarsk, the second - in Kansk, his five grandchildren continued the work begun by their grandfather. One of them, Nikolai Nikolaevich Gadalov, a gold miner and shipowner, was known throughout Russia. His grandfather Gerasim Petrovich, who, for lack of a letter, trusted his sons to write petitions to the Duma, was elected by the city society to the position of church warden of the Spassky Cathedral in 1874 and remained in this position until his death on June 10, 1876. In 1873 he had two estates in Kansk. One of them, the most expensive in the city, was estimated at 8 thousand rubles. There was the only two-storey stone house in Kansk. This house was the nest from where the entire numerous dynasty of the Gadalovs came out. At the very beginning of the twentieth century. around Cathedral Square, adjacent to the Moscow highway (now Korostelev Square), a number of shops and shopping arcades lined up. First of all, these were the shops of the merchants Gadalovs (in need of restoration after the fire), the shops of the merchant Konovalov (now - a library, bookstore, printing house), the shops of the merchant Chevelev (after the fire - a new building of a tobacco factory), the shop of the merchant Lobanov (youth library) . For many years, this cinema has remained the cultural center of the city, being at the center of all major events and incidents. Its walls remember the rallies of 1917, the passionate speeches of N.I. Korosteleva, H. Getoeva, R.P. Eideman - representatives of the new government; they remember the turbulent 1920s, when V.Ya. Zazubrin, author of the novel "Two Worlds" and the story "Sliver". In the same building, V.A. Itin, author of the science fiction novel Gonguri Land. In 1922, this story was published in Kansk on tight wrapping paper for sugar loaves. Now this edition is a bibliographic rarity. These were the first literary works in the country that reflected the surrounding reality of the time that went down in history as the Soviet period. The walls of this cinema remember the faces of the leaders of the legendary Taseev Republic V.G. Yakovenko and N.M. Buda.
Kansk is one of the oldest cities in Siberia
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Founded in 1628 as a small Kansk settlement near the Komarovsky rapids on the Kan River, 43 km below modern Kansk. In 1636 it was moved to its current location. It was built as a defensive structure against the raids of the Yenisei Kirghiz. 
At this time, on the left bank of the Kan, at the place of its intersection with the Moscow tract, the historical center of the future city was being formed. Near the Moscow tract, the first stone building of the Kansk prison grew up - the Church of the Savior. The construction of churches in prisons, cities and villages of Siberia, especially in the tract zone, was encouraged by the tsarist government, as it helped to consolidate the settlers in new places. The residents of the Kansk prison also received permission to build a stone church. Permission was received in the form of a blessed letter on October 8, 1797, after the Kan priest Mikhail Yevtyugin reported in a report to the Archbishop of Tobolsk (Varlaam) about the desire of the parishioners "to build a stone again in the declared prison instead of the wooden Church of the Savior."
The streets of Kansk also remember those people who, obeying a sense of duty, voluntarily traveled to distant Siberia, linking their lives with it. One of them P.I. Mozharov, city doctor and uncle A.M. Gorky. In 1855, after graduating from a medical university, Pavel Ivanovich was appointed a doctor in Kansk, where he worked until 1862. All his last years he lived in Krasnoyarsk.
The second stone building in Kansk was located in one of the farmsteads of the merchant of the first guild, Ignatius Nikitich Nekrasov. The merchant of the 2nd guild Timofey Savenkov had five households in the city. Three of them are adapted for drinking establishments. He was the father of the subsequently famous Krasnoyarsk archaeologist Ivan Timofeevich Savenkov, who discovered the Afontova mountain to the scientific world - a Paleolithic monument known to the whole world today.
In 1903, shopping arcades consisting of seven rooms were built on Cathedral Square on rented estate land. They were built by city merchants I.S. Grishenkov, P.P. Shepshelovich, S.G. Asyamova (not preserved). In the center of the architectural ring, made up of the listed buildings, the Bazaar Square was noisy. And it is natural that it is at this place that the first cultural institutions of our city appear: cinemas, which were located in the house of E.T. Konovalov (GK Komsomol, today - a shop of a confectionery factory) and in the already mentioned house of the merchant Lobanov. In 1911, in front of this house, the cinema of the merchant A.P. opened its doors to visitors. Yakovleva for 300 seats - the first cultural institution in Kansk, built to show movies and known to us for many years as the cinema "Kaitym" (now being restored as a museum of local lore).
Near the historical center of the city, at the beginning of the century, two more stone buildings grew up: the Tsitovich pharmacy and a new educational institution - a women's gymnasium (now destroyed). The streets of the city, the buildings that are now preserved from the old Kansk, remember the names and faces of people who visited Kansk land in passing. This is A.N. Radishchev, wives of the Decembrists, famous writers I.A. Goncharov and A.P. Chekhov, heir to the throne and future Tsar Nikolai Alexandrovich.
In 1912 there were 55 exiles in Kansk.
After the Stalinist repressions, many repressed people lived in the city, who had a very high intellectual, educational and professional level. For example, the brother of the People's Artist of the USSR Saryan - N.P. Sariev, taught at the children's music school, at a time when it was headed by the Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR L.P. Kryuchkova. It was her merit that the school was recognized as exemplary in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
The history of Kansk in people:
In 1722, the first Orthodox Church of the Savior appeared in the village.
In the 1740s, the Siberian tract was laid through the prison, thanks to which trade began to develop and mail appeared.
In 1782 the settlement was transformed into the city of Kansk. At the end of 1822, the city received the status of the center of the Kansk district of the Yenisei province.
In the middle of the 19th century, trade in yuft leather and gold mining flourished in Kansk. In 1861, a tannery, a soap factory and two lard factories were already operating in the city.
In 1911, the first cinema for 300 spectators was opened. From 1925 to 1930, the settlement was the district center of the Kansky District of the Siberian Territory, and 4 years later the regional center of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
During the Great Patriotic War, the city received a large number of evacuated textile enterprises. During these years, 12 hospitals were opened, a cotton mill and a hydrolysis plant were built.
In the 1960s, large-scale construction of residential buildings and social and administrative buildings began in Kansk.
Industrial enterprises of the city: a distillery, a plant for building structures, Kanskaya CHPP, a plant for light metal structures, a plant for the production of polymer packaging materials, a plant for assembling combines.
Krasnoyarsk time operates in the city. The difference with Moscow time is +2 hours msk+2.
The telephone code of Kansk is 39161. The postal code is 663600.
Climate and weather
Kansk has a sharply continental climate. Winters are quite long and severe. Summers are warm and short-lived.
The warmest month is July - the average temperature is +19.1 degrees. The coldest January is the average temperature of -19.4 degrees.
The average annual rainfall is 525 mm.
The total population of Kansk for 2016-2017
Population data obtained from the State Statistics Service. Graph of changes in the number of citizens over the past 10 years.
The total number of inhabitants for 2017 is 90 thousand people.
The data from the graph shows a significant drop in population from 100,300 people in 2007 to 90,231 people in 2017.
As of January 2016, in terms of the number of residents, Kansk ranked 190th out of 1112 cities of the Russian Federation.
Attractions
1. Kanskaya palm alley - an art object was opened in Kansk in 2008. The opening of the alley is timed to coincide with one of the "non-format" film festivals.
2. Triumphal Arch "Royal Doors" - the building was opened in 2006 on the day of the 370th anniversary of the city.
3. The Cathedral of the Life-Giving Trinity - this Orthodox church was built in 1804. In 1912, work was carried out to reconstruct the cathedral.
4. Drama theater - a cultural institution was founded in 1907. Over the years of the theater's operation, the audience has seen more than 700 plays and tens of thousands of performances.
Transport
There are four railway stations on the territory of Kansk, connecting the city with Taishet, Krasnoyarsk, Zheleznogorsk, Nizhneudinsk, Achinsk, Ilansky, Nizhny Ingash.
Public transport consists of buses and minibuses.
Buses operate from the city bus station to Krasnoyarsk, Bratsk, Ilansky, Nizhny Ingash, Nizhnyaya Poyma,
