Brian green is an elegant universe. The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory (Brian Green) [2004

iluhin/ 25.09.2012 http://blog.iluh.in/archives/5495 - Universe: learn the history in just 10 minutes. This is a nice video tutorial.

Arkady/ 1.08.2012 geranya, there is no need to mystify the world - it is good the way it is.
Alex, inviting thinking people to discuss some kind of "Reason" is blasphemy.
LD_Andry, I completely agree with you.
Another guest, sitting in the toilet prompts me to think. Now I'm going to sit down and write a book about it. It will definitely expand the horizons of knowledge, and the story will turn out to be cool.
Igor, you, of course, turned down the truth. "Of two truths, one can be absolutely wrong. Where is your god now?" Philosophers are such philosophers.

Igor/ 5.12.2011 LD_Andry
There is no truth anywhere. To find, you need to search. I am sure that before the discovery of the periodic law, Mendeleev read many books, in each of which there was at least a little truth.

another guest/ 11/15/2011 the book is wonderful, encourages thought. And as for the "universe pictures" ... well, you shouldn't have shown so much snobbery, because the publication is popular science, where the goal is a story, not strict evidence

Your name*/ 14.11.2011 If you are lucky, read "Theory of Time" by E.S. Polyakov. Unfortunately, he died before he could break through the wall of Classical physics, its adherents.

Alyona/ 26.08.2011 agree with LD-Andry

Max/ 6.07.2011 Very accessible presentation. Such literature makes you think about the fundamental, makes you strain your convolutions again in order to comprehend the unknown...
I recommend to everyone

Oleg19999999/ 2.04.2011 Book class!!! A teenager can also figure it out. Everything is written very clearly

LD_Andry/ 1.04.2011 My supervisor calls such books "funny pictures". It is interesting to read like science fiction, but everything should not be taken on faith, since there is no evidence. String theory has been around since the 1960s, and every year it encounters new difficulties, so for now it is not the truth, but an alternative theory.

Boris/ 3.11.2009 The book is super. Both content and presentation style.

Alex/ 12.09.2009 I invite thinking people to the site where an attempt is made to refute Odnokamushkin's theory. (Einstein.) See section "Albert you're wrong." While remaining a CONSTANT, the speed of light changes due to the curvature of space.
An attempt is being made to scientifically prove that the universe was created by a Mind incommensurably superior to the human one.

Site Universe-world
http://www.vselennaya-mir.narod.ru

Guest universe-world
http://www.narod.ru/guestbook/?owner=104753316

Here, in this essay "Albert you're wrong," the question of why prophecies are possible is considered. In the chapter “The Prophecy of Three Troubles”, a case is described that irrefutably proves such a possibility. There are other convincing cases of predictions.

geranya/ 06/23/2009 The world is much more mysterious than we think..... The book is amazing!

Guest/ 5.06.2009 Over time, [string] theory is not a mistake in the description?

Mira/ 05/18/2009 There are formulas at the end of the book, at least in my paper version

Guest/ 26.04.2009 I would like to have some mathematics. At least the initial data, intermediate conclusions and the final formulation. And of course it's so exciting.

Vlad/ 4.01.2009 It's so easy to explain such complex topics, even to an unprepared reader to be able to show the modern boundaries of physics... The author has a talent!
Well, the book itself can be recommended to anyone who is interested in such topics. Reading will bring pleasure no less than reading fiction :))

Vyacheslav/ 11.11.2007 Yes, the book is very interesting, it reads like a fantasy, but it's all a reality... amazing

Andy/ 6.05.2007 Green touches on an amazing number of topics, presenting them in a simple and clear language without mathematical calculations and technical details ... This is an example of scientific storytelling. String theory is the most exciting idea since Stephen Hawking looked inside black holes.
Green puts it in such a way that everyone can understand it.
The book deals with complex issues in simple and understandable language.
A very good non-fiction book. There is no such clear explanation of superstring theory in any textbook of quantum physics. I'm just delighted. I recently bought it and read it. I advise everyone!

DD/ 28.02.2007 If, instead of constantly sorting things out with each other, people would be interested in these issues, the world would become much kinder and warmer:) Brilliant book!

05
june
2011

The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory (Brian Greene).DOC
Brian Green
Release year: 2004
Genre: popular science
Publisher: URSS
Russian language
Number of pages: 288
Description: "Elegant Universe" is a fascinating journey through modern physics, which is closer than ever to understanding how the Universe works. The quantum world and Einstein's theory of relativity, the Kaluza-Klein hypothesis and extra dimensions, the theory of superstrings and branes, the Big Bang and multi-universes - this is not a complete list of issues discussed.

Using clear analogies, the author translates the complex ideas of modern physics and mathematics into images that are understandable to everyone. Brian Greene takes the veil off string theory to present the world with an 11-dimensional universe in which the fabric of space is torn and restored, and all matter is generated by the vibrations of microscopic strings.

The book will arouse undoubted interest both among specialists in the natural sciences and among a wide range of readers.


19
june
2017

Elegant Universe. Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory (Brian Greene)

Format: PDF/FB2, eBook (originally computer)
Author: Brian Green
Release year: 2004
Genre: Non-fiction
Publisher: Editorial URSS
Russian language
Number of pages: 292
Description: Brian Greene's book "The Elegant Universe" is a fascinating journey through modern physics, which is closer than ever to understanding how the universe works. The quantum world and Einstein's theory of relativity, the Kaluza-Klein hypothesis and extra dimensions, the theory of superstrings and branes, the Big Bang and the multiverse - this is not a complete list of the issues discussed. Using a jar...


23
May
2017

Universe 1. Universe and its worlds. part 2. (Seklitova Larisa, Strelnikova Ludmila)



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Genre: esoteric, philosophy

Artist: gengame
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oct
2018

Nationalism: Theories and Political History (Sidorina T.Yu., Polyannikov T.L.)

ISBN: 5-7598-0368-9, Textbooks of the Higher School of Economics
Format: FB2, eBook (originally computer)
Author: Sidorina T.Yu., Polyannikov T.L.
Release year: 2006
Genre: Politics
Publisher: Ed. HSE house
Russian language
Number of pages: 356
Description: The textbook is devoted to the problem of nationalism as one of the most important phenomena of the political and socio-economic life of modern society, its political history, theoretical substantiation and real implementation in modern society. The authors consider nationalism in retrospect of its evolution over the past two centuries. In p...


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2018

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Author: Dmitriev A. N. and others.
Release year: 2005
Genre: Iron metallurgy
Publisher: URO RAN
Russian language
Number of pages: 542
Description: On the basis of modern ideas, the issues of the emergence and development of iron and cast iron metallurgy are outlined, the characteristics of modern blast-furnace production and types of cast iron are given. Theoretical and technological foundations of blast-furnace smelting are considered in detail. The issues of oxide reduction, formation of cast iron and slag, desulphurization processes, fuel combustion and heat transfer in d...


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july
2017

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ISBN: 978-5-9221-1345-8

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Release year: 2011
Genre: Tutorial
Publisher: Fizmatlit
Russian language
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Description: The elements of the theory of probability and the theory of random processes are presented. Much attention is paid to solving problems that occupy most of the manual. Recommended by the Educational and Methodological Association of Higher Educational Institutions of the Russian Federation for Education in the Field of Applied Mathematics and Physics as a textbook for students of higher educational institutions in the direction of "Applied Mathematics...


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but I
2015

Theories of journalism in Russia: origin and development (Korkonosenko S. G.)

Format: audiobook, MP3, 192kbps
Author: Korkonosenko S. G.
Release year: 2014
Genre: non-fiction
Publisher: Do-it-yourself audiobook
Artist: Ivan Kalinin
Duration: 09:40:42
Description: The monograph examines the processes of origin and initial dynamics of the main directions of the theory of journalism in Russia. In each direction, chronological coordinates of its origin, factors and circumstances of formation, prominent representatives, content components, branches of growth, etc. are found. Scientific experience of this kind has no analogues in the domestic and world...


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2017

Universe 1. Universe and its worlds. part 1. (Seklitova Larisa, Strelnikova Ludmila)

Format: audiobook, MP3, 128kbps
Author: Seklitova Larisa, Strelnikova Lyudmila
Release year: 2017
Genre: esoteric, philosophy
Publisher: Do-it-yourself audiobook
Artist: gengame
Duration: 20:39:57
Description: This book tells about our and other universes, their location in the universe, their design and creation; about planetary and stellar systems, the origin of the Sun and the Earth, the reasons for the appearance of the Moon and satellites of the planets. For the first time, the reader will learn why the planets of the solar system are in the same plane and why people are not allowed on the moon; he learns about the purpose of having doubles...


18
june
2018

Thinking about Marxism. The logic of history. Issues of theory and methodology (Vazyulin V.A.)

ISBN: 978-5-9710-2248-0
Series: Thinking about Marxism
Format: DjVu
Quality: Scanned pages + OCR layer
Author: Vasyulin V.A.
Release year: 2015
Genre: Philosophy of History, Marxism
Publisher: LENAND
Russian language
Number of pages: 384
Description: The book examines the structure of society and the general natural course of the history of mankind, the methodology for displaying society as an "organic whole" is given. To date, this is the most systematic and holistic understanding of the essence, laws and patterns of development of human history. For the first time laws and categories of function...


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2017

What is history? Reflections on the Theory of History and the Role of the Historian (Edward Carr)

ISBN: 5-7667-4103-0
Format: PDF/DjVu, Scanned pages + OCR layer
Author: Edward Carr
Released: 1997
Genre: history, philosophy
Publisher: Zheti zhargy (Almaty)
Russian language
Number of pages: 210
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Russian language
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Description: Jenny Dalphin and the Hidden Lands is a children's fantasy series by Russian writer and poet Alexei Oleinikov, winner of the 2011 New Children's Book Award. Books about the adventures of Jenny Dalphin, who was an ordinary earth girl, and then all of a sudden she began to travel through the magical worlds! And she dragged her friends with her. And Jenny's friends are all the circus staff. Back in early August, everything in her life was...


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Released: 1984
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Russian language
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Author: Novikov Igor
Release year: 2015
Genre: Scientific and educational literature
Publisher: Do-it-yourself audiobook
Artist: Commissioner
Duration: 03:08:22
Description: This book tells about recent discoveries in astrophysics - about black holes, about the beginning of the expansion of the Universe and about what awaits it in the future. Black holes are absolutely fantastic objects in their properties. “Of all the concoctions of the human mind, from unicorns and chimeras to the hydrogen bomb, perhaps the most fantastic is the image of a black hole separated from the rest of the simple ...


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Author: Jonathan Sarfati
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Russian language
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Brian Green


The Elegant Universe (Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory)

Green touches on an astonishing number of topics, presenting them in a simple and clear language without mathematical calculations and technical details ... This is an example of scientific storytelling ... It's hard not to be infected at least partly by his enthusiasm and excitement.

The Philadelphia Inquirer

A supremely exciting book... A tremendous success... Green put string theory in an accessible and non-formulaic way; explained why the strings are so inspiring to their adherents. Greene's merit is that we felt comfortable in the cold abstract world of strings, and he convinced us that this world needs to be taken seriously.

Sunday Telegraph (London)

Green writes clearly and energetically, with a talent for finding vivid, often hilarious images for abstract scientific principles. He writes with the passion of a man burning with the desire to prove the validity of the superstring theory, because he is inspired by its beauty.

Chicago Tribune

Scientific American

String theory is the most exciting idea since Stephen Hawking looked inside black holes. Green puts it in such a way that everyone can understand it.

San Francisco Chronicle

Green did an excellent job of putting the idea of ​​string theory in plain language. This is a strikingly clear and well-written account of the surprising implications for the structure of space-time that follow from the theory.

A wonderful book. Green brought the exciting idea of ​​scientific research to real life.

Brian Greene's book is the latest stringed (sorry!) that Stephen Hawking originally made sound, and also the best.

London Morning Star

Green's metaphors often lend beauty and power to ideas otherwise incomprehensible. The Elegant Universe is worth reading... Einstein would have approved.

Discover Magazine

Brian Greene has made the insanely complex string theory accessible to everyone. He has an amazing talent for using everyday images to illustrate what can happen in dimensions beyond human perception.

Publishers Weekly

Since the extraordinary success of A Brief History of Time, no scientific book has attracted such attention.

Sunday Times (London)

Brian Green lures the reader to the cutting edge of physics with his captivating prose.

The Christian Science Monitor

Greene has an amazing gift for explaining the most advanced scientific ideas in a way that everyone can appreciate his fresh and insightful eyes.

Astronomy Magazine

The Elegant Universe is an outstanding book that has become a classic of scientific explanation. Over time, [string] theory may affect our very understanding of beauty.

It is impossible to tear yourself away from reading The Elegant Universe. Green is threatening to do for string theory what Stephen Hawking did for black holes.

Green writes with poetic eloquence and taste. Worthy of admiration is his work in translating purely mathematical efforts into visual images.

The Washington Post Book World

Reveals new discoveries one by one... Continuing the best tradition of physicists writing for a wide audience, The Elegant Universe sets a standard that will be hard to beat.

The New York Times Book Review

With love and gratitude

my mother

and in memory of my father

Foreword

Albert Einstein spent the last thirty years of his life in a relentless search for the so-called unified field theory - a theory that could unite all the interactions that exist in nature into a single, comprehensive and consistent system. The motive underlying his search was not directly related to what we usually mean by scientific activity, for example, with an attempt to explain this or that particular experimental data. He was driven by a passionate belief that, having achieved the deepest understanding of the universe, we will be able to penetrate its most intimate secret - the simplicity and power of the principles that underlie it. Einstein wanted to reveal the structure of the universe with a clarity never before known, leaving us in awe of its sheer beauty and elegance.

Einstein failed to fulfill his dream. Largely due to the fact that objective circumstances blocked the way: in his time, some important properties of matter and interactions either remained unknown, or, at best, were not fully understood. However, over the past half century, physicists of more and more new generations, achieving successes and failing, sometimes getting into dead ends, continued, based on the discoveries of their predecessors, to achieve a more and more complete understanding of the principles of the universe. And now, many years after Einstein announced his campaign in search of a unified theory, from which he returned empty-handed, physicists believe that they have finally been able to develop a theory that ties all these conjectures into a single whole - a unified theory which, in principle, is capable of explaining all phenomena. This theory superstring theory, and is the subject of this book.

I wrote The Elegant Universe in an attempt to describe the remarkable discoveries that were born at the forefront of physics research and make them accessible to a wide range of readers, especially those who do not have sufficient training in physics and mathematics. In my public lectures on superstring theory over the past few years, I have witnessed a growing desire to understand what modern research says about the fundamental laws of the universe, why these laws lead to a radical change in our understanding of the universe, what problems remain unresolved in our continuous search for the ultimate theory . I hope that my accounts of the major advances that physicists have made since Einstein and Heisenberg, and the rapid progress that we have witnessed since the turn of the century, will enrich your knowledge and satisfy your curiosity.

I also expect The Elegant Universe to be of interest to readers with some scientific background. It is my hope that this book will help science students and their educators understand some of the foundations of modern physics, such as special and general relativity and quantum mechanics, while at the same time infecting them with the enthusiasm long-awaited unified theory. To fans of popular science literature, I have tried to explain many of the amazing advances in understanding the fundamentals of the universe that scientists have made in the past decade. As for my colleagues in other disciplines, I hope this book will give them a fair and balanced explanation of why string theorists are so enthusiastic about progress towards a definitive theory of the universe.

Superstring theory throws a wide seine into the ocean of the universe. It is a broad and deep theory, covering many of the most important positions that play a central role in modern physics. It combines the laws of the macrocosm and the microcosm, the action of which extends to the farthest reaches of outer space and to the smallest particles of matter; therefore, this theory can be described in different ways. I have chosen an approach that allows us to trace the evolution of our ideas about space and time. It seems to me that such an approach, showing how new, amazing ideas arose and developed, is especially fascinating. Einstein showed the world that space and time can behave in quite unusual ways. Today, research at the forefront of science has made it possible to apply Einstein's discoveries to the idea of ​​a quantum universe with many hidden dimensions. These dimensions are twisted into tiny loops hidden in the fabric of the universe, and their bizarre geometry may hold the answer to some of the deepest questions scientists have ever asked. Although some of the new concepts are difficult to grasp, we will see that their essence can be understood with the help of quite tangible analogies. And if understood, these ideas will give a completely different, amazing view of our Universe.

Albert Einstein spent the last thirty years of his life in a relentless search for the so-called unified field theory - a theory that could unite all the interactions that exist in nature into a single, comprehensive and consistent system. The motive underlying his search was not directly related to what we usually mean by scientific activity, for example, with an attempt to explain this or that particular experimental data. He was driven by a passionate belief that, having achieved the deepest understanding of the universe, we will be able to penetrate its most intimate secret - the simplicity and power of the principles that underlie it. Einstein wanted to reveal the structure of the universe with a clarity never before known, leaving us in awe of its sheer beauty and elegance.

Einstein failed to fulfill his dream. Largely due to the fact that objective circumstances blocked the way: in his time, some important properties of matter and interactions either remained unknown, or, at best, were not fully understood. However, over the past half century, physicists of more and more new generations, achieving successes and failing, sometimes getting into dead ends, continued, based on the discoveries of their predecessors, to achieve a more and more complete understanding of the principles of the universe. And now, many years after Einstein announced his campaign in search of a unified theory, from which he returned empty-handed, physicists believe that they have finally been able to develop a theory that ties all these conjectures into a single whole - a unified theory which, in principle, is capable of explaining all phenomena. This theory superstring theory, and is the subject of this book.

I wrote The Elegant Universe in an attempt to describe the remarkable discoveries that were born at the forefront of physics research and make them accessible to a wide range of readers, especially those who do not have sufficient training in physics and mathematics. In my public lectures on superstring theory over the past few years, I have witnessed a growing desire to understand what modern research says about the fundamental laws of the universe, why these laws lead to a radical change in our understanding of the universe, what problems remain unresolved in our continuous search for the ultimate theory . I hope that my accounts of the major advances that physicists have made since Einstein and Heisenberg, and the rapid progress that we have witnessed since the turn of the century, will enrich your knowledge and satisfy your curiosity.

I also expect The Elegant Universe to be of interest to readers with some scientific background. It is my hope that this book will help science students and their educators understand some of the foundations of modern physics, such as special and general relativity and quantum mechanics, while at the same time infecting them with the enthusiasm long-awaited unified theory. To fans of popular science literature, I have tried to explain many of the amazing advances in understanding the fundamentals of the universe that scientists have made in the past decade. As for my colleagues in other disciplines, I hope this book will give them a fair and balanced explanation of why string theorists are so enthusiastic about progress towards a definitive theory of the universe.

Superstring theory throws a wide seine into the ocean of the universe. It is a broad and deep theory, covering many of the most important positions that play a central role in modern physics. It combines the laws of the macrocosm and the microcosm, the action of which extends to the farthest reaches of outer space and to the smallest particles of matter; therefore, this theory can be described in different ways. I have chosen an approach that allows us to trace the evolution of our ideas about space and time. It seems to me that such an approach, showing how new, amazing ideas arose and developed, is especially fascinating. Einstein showed the world that space and time can behave in quite unusual ways. Today, research at the forefront of science has made it possible to apply Einstein's discoveries to the idea of ​​a quantum universe with many hidden dimensions. These dimensions are twisted into tiny loops hidden in the fabric of the universe, and their bizarre geometry may hold the answer to some of the deepest questions scientists have ever asked. Although some of the new concepts are difficult to grasp, we will see that their essence can be understood with the help of quite tangible analogies. And if understood, these ideas will give a completely different, amazing view of our Universe.

Throughout the book, I have tried to stay as close to science as possible, while at the same time trying to give the reader - often through analogy and metaphor - an intuitive understanding of how scientists have developed modern ideas about the universe. Although I have tried to avoid technical terminology and equations, the radical new nature of the concepts being presented may prompt the reader to sometimes pause and consider a particular chapter or explanation in order to understand the following material. Some chapters of Part IV (on the most recent developments) are somewhat more abstract than the rest of the book. I have taken care to warn the reader of this in time, and have organized the text so that such chapters can be read superficially or skipped over with minimal loss of understanding of the material contained in the book. I have included a glossary of scientific terms in the book that will enable the reader to quickly recall the ideas and concepts introduced in the main text. Anyone who accidentally falls into this book may wish to skip the notes at the end; The diligent reader will find in the notes a more detailed description of the questions, an in-depth explanation of ideas that have been simplified in the text of the book, and some technical calculations for those who have a sufficient mathematical background.

I would like to express my gratitude to everyone who helped me in the work on the book. David Steinhardt read the manuscript with the greatest care and generously endowed me with insightful comments and invaluable encouragement. David Morrison, Ken Weinberg, Raphael Kasper, Nicholas Boles, Stephen Carlip, Arthur Grinspoon, David Mermin, Michael Popovich, and Shani Offen have carefully reviewed the manuscript and made many detailed comments and suggestions that have greatly improved the book. In addition, the entire manuscript or individual chapters of it were read by Paul Aspinwall, Persis Drell, Michael Duff, Kurt Gottfried, Joshua Green, Teddy Jefferson, Mark Kamionkovsky, Yakov Kanter, András Kovacs, David Lee, Megan McEwen, Nari Mistry, Hassan Padamsi, Ronen Plesser, Massimo Poratti, Fred Sherry, Lars Streter, Stephen Strogach, Andrew Strominger, Henry Tee, Cumrun Vafa, and Gabriele Veneziano, who gave me much helpful advice and encouraged me to continue working on the book. I would like to give special thanks to Raphael Ganner, among other things, for his insightful criticism in the early stages of the work, which helped me find the general form of the book, and also to Robert Maley for his unobtrusive but persistent encouragement to move from words to deeds and start writing a book. . Steven Weinberg and Sidney Coleman gave me a lot of valuable advice and helped me a lot in the development of this book. Carol Archer, Vicki Carstens, David Cassel, Ann Coyle, Michael Duncan, Jane Foreman, Wendy Greene, Susan Greene, Eric Jendressen, Gary Kass, Shiv Kumar, Robert Mohinni, Pam Morehouse, Pierre Ramone, Amanda Sels and Eiro Simoncelli, I am indebted for numerous , extremely useful discussions. I am indebted to Kostas Efthymiou for his help in fact-checking and finding references, and in turning my initial sketches into drawings, from which Tom Rockwell created - with the patience of a saint and artistic taste - the illustrations for the book. I am also grateful to Andrew Hanson and Jim Cesna for their help with some of the special drawings.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Elegant Universe. Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory
Author Brian Green
Genre popular science literature
Original language English
Original published
Interpreter Publishing house LKI
Registration Publishing house LKI
Publisher Publishing house LKI
Release 2008
Pages 288
ISBN
Next The fabric of space

Elegant Universe. Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory- a bestseller by the American physicist and popularizer of science Brian Greene about string theory and M-theory. The book is a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Non-Fiction and the 2000 winner of The Aventis Prizes for Science Books.

Audience

A wide range of readers interested in the fundamental structure of the Universe and the latest scientific discoveries in this area. Suitable for the reader who is not versed in physics. There is not a single formula in the book, and the author tries to describe the mathematical abstractions used in a clear and consistent language.

Part 1. At the forefront of knowledge

The introductory part of the book provides an introduction to the problem of building a Unified Theory of Everything at the present stage of the development of science, and how string theory, in principle, can help build this theory.

Part 2. Dilemma of space, time and quantums

This part of the book talks about two fundamental theories of the structure of our world - the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The evolution of understanding the nature of the speed of light and gravity is described. At the end of the chapter, the incompatibility of general relativity and quantum mechanics is shown and the need to search for a new Unified Theory of Everything, in which both of the above theories would be only special cases, approximate models that work well only in their field of application: relativity theory for macroobjects, quantum mechanics - for quantum objects.

Part 3. Space symphony

From this chapter the author begins to describe the essence of string theory. The definition of the concept of supersymmetry is given, it is shown that the existence of hidden spatial dimensions is necessary for string theory. At the end of the chapter, the author talks about the difficulties of setting up a crucial experiment that would prove or disprove string theory.

Part 4. String theory and the structure of space-time

In the most capacious chapter, the author delves into the problems of string theory, shows the solutions that it offers for cosmology and for explaining the phenomenon of black holes. A definition of M-theory is introduced.

Part 5. A unified theory in the 21st century

In the final part, some assumptions are made about the further development of string theory.

book ending

To help the reader inexperienced in physics, at the very end is a glossary of terms used in the book, subject and nominal indexes, as well as a list of recommended reading literature on this topic.

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