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Victor Moroz
Tell children about fruits
APPLE
Amber apples
The apple tree is ripe.
Amber apples
Yana and Yasha were eating.(N. Lunina)
Everyone knows what an apple looks like. This is not surprising. An apple is among fruits as a potato is among vegetables. Apple orchards on our planet occupy five million hectares. This is the most common fruit tree.
The apple has been known to people since ancient times. There is a mention of this fruit in the Bible. It was the apple that Eve plucked from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Ancient Greece is considered the birthplace of the home apple tree. The ancient Greeks and Romans considered the apple a symbol of love and dedicated it to the goddess of beauty.
The ancient Germans were sure that apples were the favorite fruit of the gods. They planted apple trees around their houses, hoping that the evil storm god would not throw lightning arrows at them.
In Russia, apple trees began to be grown already in the 11th century. In 1051, an apple orchard was founded in the Kiev Pechersk Lavra. The first apple orchards appeared in the Moscow region in the 12th century. by order of Yuri Dolgoruky.
On August 19, Rus' celebrated the Apple Savior. Until this time, apples were not supposed to be picked. On this day, ripe fruits were collected from apple trees and blessed in churches. Apples were given to the poor and homeless. The more beggars you treat, the more abundant the harvest will be next year. Housewives baked apple pie on this day.
Several hundred varieties of apples are known in Russia. They are divided into summer, autumn and winter. In the second half of September, winter varieties of apples were collected: Antonovka and Semerinka. The skin of these varieties is thick, with a special waxy coating that protects the fruit from rotting. You can store them until spring.
Apples are eaten fresh, dried, soaked and frozen. They are used to prepare juices, compote, jam, jam, marmalade, and jelly.
Apples are very useful. It is no coincidence that the Russian people created a fairy tale about rejuvenating apples. Eat them and you will be young and healthy. Apples contain vitamins, sugars, iron, potassium and magnesium salts.
MYSTERY
Just like a fist,
Red barrel.
You touch it with your finger - it’s smooth,
And if you take a bite, it’s sweet.(Apple)
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS
September smells like apples, October smells like cabbage.
No apple falls past the apple tree.
Like the tree, so are the apples.
PEAR
Pear is very tasty.
We are very sad without a pear.
Pear is a delicious food
And especially in jam.(I. Goryunova)
In terms of popularity and space occupied, the pear is in third place after the apple and cherry trees.
Pear cultivation began a long time ago. The ancient Roman writer Cato the Elder, in his treatise “On Agriculture,” written more than two thousand years ago, gave recommendations on how to properly grow pears. Pliny the Elder described 35 varieties of pears in his work. Unlike modern varieties, pears in ancient Rome were hard. They became soft at the end of the 18th century thanks to the efforts of French and Belgian breeders. One of them, Van Monet, developed 400 varieties of pears, 40 of which are still popular today.
Now the number of pear varieties has exceeded several thousand.
Pears are grown in gardens; they also grow on forest edges and in clearings in deciduous forests. It feels good on rocky mountain slopes, as it is not picky about the soil and tolerates drought and light frosts. Pear trees begin to bear fruit in 5–7 years. True, at first the harvest is small. But when the tree gains strength, they get up to 200 centners per hectare.
Pears live quite a long time, up to 300 years. The oldest fruit tree in the world is considered to be a pear tree, planted in 1630 within the American city of Denver.
Wonderful pear
Very sweet, like honey.
It just begs to be held in the palm of your hand,
And then rather into the mouth.(N. Migunova)
The pear fruit consists of 97% pulp, 2.5% skin and only 0.5% seeds. It contains vitamins D and C, potassium, magnesium, and iron salts.
Pears are eaten fresh, many delicious dishes are prepared from them, jams, jams, compotes are made, pears are dried and pickled.
MYSTERY
On the trees between the leaves
Birds hang upside down.(Pears)
QUINCE
Transcaucasia and Central Asia are considered the homeland of quince; it is in these areas that it is now found in the wild. Quinces have been grown since time immemorial, more than 4,000 years ago. The Latin name for quince is Cytfonia, presumably derived from the city of Cydon on the island of Crete; it was widely cultivated already in the first millennium BC.
The ancient Greeks treated the quince with respect; for them it was a symbol of beauty and fertility. It was customary to treat newlyweds to quince. According to one version, the cause of the discord between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite was not an apple, but a quince.
Currently, about 400 varieties of quince are known. They differ from each other in the structure of flowers and the shape of fruits. True, the differences between them are not as significant as, for example, between apple varieties.
Quince fruits are yellow in color with different shades, sometimes with a slight blush, very dense, hard and crunchy. If there are greenish spots on the quince, it means that it is not yet fully ripe. The pulp of this fruit is slightly viscous, tart and quite aromatic - the smell has something of an apple, and there is also a coniferous tint. You should only eat ripe quince; it is advisable to give it a chance to age. The longer it sits, the tastier, more aromatic and softer it becomes, the astringent taste disappears.
Quince is a very healthy fruit. It contains potassium, magnesium, calcium, vitamin C, malic and citric acids. Quince pulp is rich in pectin.
Quince is a universal fruit. It is eaten raw, it makes delicious compotes, jams, preserves, candied fruits, it can be added to porridge, salad, vegetable soup. Quince mustard is a seasoning made from quince and mustard with the addition of ginger and coriander. Quince cheese is condensed quince juice with pulp.
Quince is grown in many countries of the world - in Europe, North America, North Africa, East and Central Asia. Cold-resistant varieties have also been developed and are successfully cultivated in the Volga region.
Another variety of quince is Japanese quince, or chaenomeles. The flowers and fruits of this plant are similar to quince. Chaenomeles was brought to Europe from Japan at the end of the 17th century. Gradually it gained popularity among gardeners - it has very beautiful decorative flowers. Japanese quince fruits are also edible, but they are more sour.
PERSIMMON
This fruit began to be grown not so long ago. In 1855, American Admiral Matthew Perry brought from Japan a previously unknown fruit - persimmon. In America, however, another variety was known - Virginia persimmon. The Indians used it for medicinal purposes. Tea was brewed from the leaves, the seeds were dried, crushed and made into coffee. This variety has little in common with Japanese persimmon. The birthplace of Japanese persimmon, surprisingly, is China. There this tree still grows wild. In Japan and China, persimmons are treated with the same respect as we treat apples.
Gradually, persimmon spread throughout the world. In 1896, a collection of Japanese persimmon - 12 seedlings - was delivered to the Caucasus, to Batumi. Today, persimmons are grown in China, Italy, Spain, Egypt, in a number of Arab countries, in the countries of Southeast Asia and America with subtropical and tropical climates, as well as much further north, where they can withstand even sub-zero temperatures in winter.
Frost-resistant deciduous subtropical persimmon trees reach a height of 5–8 meters, but sometimes grow up to 20 meters. Persimmon begins to bear fruit quite early, the first fruits appear on a 3-4 year old tree. Trees retain their ability to bear fruit for 50–60 years.
Persimmon is one of the healthiest fruits - a storehouse of nutrients and very necessary substances for the body. It is no coincidence that in Latin its name sounds like “food of the gods.” This is a very sweet fruit. Glucose and fructose make up a quarter. Persimmons contain large quantities of provitamin A, vitamin P, C, magnesium salts, potassium, iron, sodium, and calcium.
Contains persimmon and tannin - a tannin that gives it an astringent, tart taste. To get rid of the astringency, the fruit must be frozen or, conversely, kept in warm water for 5–6 hours.
Currently, less tart varieties of persimmon are known. For example, kinglet or chocolate persimmon. The flesh of the kinglet is dark brown, while the fruit of the common persimmon is entirely orange, the fruit of the kinglet is slightly flattened, and the fruit of the persimmon is elongated. But the main thing is that the king has no astringent taste, it is always sweet, and there is no need to freeze it.
ORANGE
Of course, you guessed it, it's an orange: a round fruit with a bright orange peel. Peel the peel and find juicy slices underneath, covered with a thin white film. This fruit is tasty, juicy, sweet.
The first mentions of oranges were found in Chinese chronicles of the 2nd–1st centuries. BC e. And the word orange is translated as “Chinese apple.”
There is a mention of oranges in ancient Greek mythology. King Eurystheus ordered Hercules to bring golden apples from the gardens of the Hesperides, which had the secret of youth. We are talking specifically about oranges. Due to the similarity of shape, the ancient Greeks called oranges apples.
Oranges came to Europe in the 15th century. Europeans liked the taste of “golden apples”. They were served for dessert as a rare delicacy.
Orange quickly gained popularity. In the 18th century, Prince Alexander Menshikov built a palace with greenhouses where oranges were grown. By the way, the word "greenhouse" comes from the French "orange", which means orange.
Now the leader in growing oranges belongs to Brazil. The so-called navel orange varieties, which have another small orange at the top, were also bred there. Because of this, oranges become pear-like when ripe. Breeders develop varieties with little or no seeds. King oranges, which have bright red flesh, are cultivated in the Mediterranean. The amount of vitamins and other useful substances in the peel is three times greater than in the pulp.
Oranges, like other citrus fruits, are harvested by hand. The stalk of citrus fruits, unlike, for example, the stalks of an apple tree, is firmly connected to the branch, so oranges have to be cut, not picked.
PUZZLES
Bright, sweet, poured,
The cover is all gold.
Not from a candy factory -
From distant Africa.(Orange)
* * *
It's orange on the outside
And orange inside.(Orange)
POMEGRANATE
What a fruit!
A box with a secret!
The seeds look like glass,
All transparent
Everything is pink.
You'll be shocked - how strange! -
Doesn't ring.
In 825 BC, the Phoenicians, who lived on the Asian coast of the Mediterranean Sea, founded Carthage. They brought pomegranates with them to northern Africa. They probably couldn’t imagine their life without this tree.
In ancient times, in the East, pomegranate was called the “king” of fruits. Take a closer look at the pomegranate. Its fruit is crowned with a small “crown”. This is the calyx of a flower preserved after the petals have fallen.
Translated from Latin, “pomegranate” means “with grains.” You peel the skin from the fruit, and there... there are a lot of small grains. There are usually 100–150 of them in one pomegranate.
Pomegranate is a subtropical crop that grows in warm countries on low trees - 3–5 meters. It has amazingly beautiful, bright, red-orange flowers that look like bells. Pomegranate fruits ripen in October-November.
Pomegranate is a fruit rich in vitamins and minerals. Even the peel of a pomegranate is useful. It contains tannins, which are used in the treatment of diseases of the throat and gums.
Pomegranates are eaten fresh. One of the advantages of this fruit is that, thanks to its dense, hard peel, it can be stored for several months, until the next harvest, without losing its taste.
Juice, syrups, and drinks are prepared from pomegranate.
PUZZLES
He's hanging on a branch
And similar to an apple,
But red as a lobster
And, like a bull, thick-skinned,
And full to the top of ruby beads -
Transparent, and juicy, and sweet in taste.(Pomegranate)
* * *
Round house, red house,
There are no windows in the house.
But inside - look
There is something to marvel at:
In every room inside
Red girls.(Pomegranate)
MANDARIN
New Year smells delicious!
Soon, soon he will come!
It smells like resinous pine needles,
Tangerine peel,
Smells like sweet dough
And vanilla chocolate!(T. Shorygina)
Not long ago, there was a custom to decorate the New Year tree with tangerines, and a vase with these fragrant fruits was certainly placed on the festive table.
Tangerines and oranges are very close relatives and both belong to the citrus family. Do you remember what a tangerine looks like? Small, round, covered with a bright orange peel. Does it look like an orange? Yes. Just a smaller size. Previously, it was believed that tangerines were a variety of small oranges. And there is still no consensus among botanists. Some believe that all varieties of tangerines belong to one species, others identify up to 13 types of tangerines.
Tangerines come from China, Japan and Indochina. They came to Europe only in the 19th century.
In tropical Asia, China, India, Japan, the Mediterranean, and on the Florida Peninsula in the USA, tangerines are preferred among all citrus fruits. Of the citrus fruits, it was tangerines that penetrated the furthest to the North. On the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, in the Krasnodar Territory, unshiu mandarin, which is of Japanese origin, is cultivated. It is distinguished by significant frost resistance (trees tolerate frosts down to -12 °C).
Tangerines grow on low trees with a spreading crown. Their leaves are very smooth, shiny, green at any time of the year. The fruits ripen quite quickly and can be harvested already in November. Tangerines produce the largest harvest among citrus fruits. In favorable years, 5–6 thousand fruits are collected from one tree per season.
The taste of tangerine is probably familiar to everyone. Juicy, sweet tangerines are rich in vitamin C, carotene, and contain up to 1% acids, mainly citric. One of the advantages of tangerines is that the pulp does not stick tightly to the peel, making the fruit easy to peel. Tangerine peel contains a lot of essential oils, which are used in the food industry, medicine and cosmetics.
LEMON
Yellow citrus fruit
In sunny countries it grows
But it tastes sour,
And his name is...(E. Savelyeva)
Of course, you guessed that we are talking about lemon. The pulp of this fruit contains from 4 to 6 percent citric acid. It contains significantly less sugar, which is why lemon tastes sour. Why then do people love and value this fruit? The fact is that lemon is very healthy. It contains more vitamin C than any other citrus fruit; in addition, it contains vitamin P. As for acid... Of course, few people dare to eat fresh lemons without sugar. But what a delicious and aromatic tea with lemon!
It's very difficult to eat a lemon,
Because it's sour.
But tea with lemon is delicious,
Treat your friends to it.(N. Migunova)
Lemon is an excellent anti-scorbutic remedy. English sailors took 30 grams of lemon juice daily to prevent vitamin deficiency. The famous navigator James Cook, going on a trip around the world, stocked up on lemons and lemon juice.
India and Pakistan are considered the homeland of lemon, where it was grown 2200 BC. This evergreen tree came to Europe thanks to the Arabs, who brought it from Western Asia. Currently, lemon is grown in almost the entire subtropical zone of our planet.
In our area, lemons are grown in greenhouses and even on windowsills. About two centuries ago, the first harvest of lemons growing in pots was obtained by residents of the city of Pavlov, Novgorod region. The variety of such lemons began to be called “Pavlovsk”. Growing lemons at home is not difficult. All you have to do is plant a lemon seed in a pot and take care of it. After 8–10 years, fruits may appear on such a lemon.
Lemons grow on low evergreen trees. Representatives of most varieties have thorns on their branches. Lemon leaves are large, shiny, and contain essential oil. Lemon fruits are picked by hand and usually with gloves so as not to damage the fruit and not get scratched. To keep lemons longer, they are picked unripe when they are green. Lemons turn yellow later. At the same time, the nutrient content in them remains unchanged.
PEACH
I tell you honestly -
I love ripe peach.
It's juicy, it's sweet,
And tastier than chocolate.(N. Migunova)
It is difficult to disagree with the author of this quatrain. Peaches are delicious, juicy, tender, sweet. They began to be grown more than 5 thousand years ago. The exact origin of the cultivated peach is unknown. It is believed that it grew wild in China or western Central Asia. It came to Europe through Persia, where it got its name. The peach loves warmth more than the apricot, which is why the border of its cultivation lies further south. Nowadays, in terms of yield and area occupied in Europe, peaches rank third, behind apples and pears. In Italy, he even managed to get around the pear.
The peach tree reaches a height of 3–6 meters. It blooms early, even before the leaves bloom. His flowers are very beautiful. There are even terry decorative varieties created specifically for parks. In the East, there was a custom: to brew tea, they collected water from peach petals when the late spring snow melted on them. In our time, such a recipe, unfortunately, cannot be used. The precipitation is too polluted.
Wild peach species have small fruits - up to 50 grams, while cultivated varieties reach 500 grams, and they produce a harvest annually. In addition to carotene, these fruits contain minerals that help increase hemoglobin levels and maintain the acid-base balance in the body. Fresh peaches are very delicate, do not last long and require careful handling. Jams and compotes are prepared from them.
Oil is obtained from the seeds, which, after steaming, loses its bitterness and becomes a pleasant food product.
PUZZLES
The fruit is fragrant and fluffy;
And the middle of the fruit,
Like a stone, solid.(Peach)
* * *
Even though the sun burns him,
He is dressed in cloth.
And the cloth is golden,
Subtle and clean.(Peach)
APRICOT
Apricot, apricot!
You grew up in the sultry south.
The sun caressed you -
Sweet juices poured in,
The wind ruffled you -
It gave aroma to the fruits.
The dew washed you away,
Thunderstorms rushed past.
So the apricot grew -
The color is softer than roses
With a hard, smooth bone,
Fragrant, tasty, sweet!(T. Shorygina)
The homeland of apricot is Central Asia and China. The domestication of this fruit plant occurred simultaneously in both regions. In China, apricots were grown already in the 4th millennium BC. They came to Europe in the 11th century through Turkestan, Iran and Armenia. Gradually it spread further and further north. In Russia, apricot grows in the southern regions and the Far East.
Common apricots are mainly grown. This is a light-loving, heat-resistant and drought-resistant plant. Apricot is not capricious, it can grow on rocky slopes, on sandy soils, and can withstand even sub-zero temperatures. Apricot trees begin to bear fruit in the 3rd or 4th year.
European cold-resistant apricot varieties are called zherdels. They are smaller and more acidic than southern apricots. In China and Japan, poles are salted like olives.
Apricots are not only tasty, but also healthy; they contain a lot of carotene, which is converted into vitamin A in the body, and are also rich in potassium. Apricots ripen in mid-summer and are consumed fresh, processed and dried. Dried fruits without seeds are called dried apricots, with seeds - apricots. The most valuable varieties of dried apricots contain up to 84 percent sugar.
Apricot kernels are also useful. They contain up to 40 percent edible oil, more than 20 percent protein and about 10 percent carbohydrates. Classic marzipan is prepared from apricot kernels. Activated carbon is obtained from apricot shells.
WATERMELON
Round-round, sweet-sweet,
With striped skin smooth,
And if you cut it, look:
It's red-red inside.
The well-known juicy watermelon comes from hot Africa. In South and Central Africa and even on the outskirts of the Kalahari Desert, wild watermelon can still be found. He is also called “Lord of the Desert”. This is a favorite food of rhinoceroses, elephants, antelopes and other animals.
Watermelons have been grown for a very long time. Images of watermelon were found on ancient Egyptian frescoes. And its seeds were discovered in ancient tombs.
In Western Europe, watermelon began to be cultivated in the Middle Ages. Since ancient times, watermelon has been known in Rus', where traders from the East delivered it. In the 13th century, watermelons were brought to Astrakhan. Now these amazing fruits are grown on all continents, even in many areas of the Far East and Siberia. In our country, Astrakhan watermelons are considered the best.
The maximum weight of watermelon fruits reaches 20 kilograms, but among these plants there are also real record holders. In 2005, a watermelon weighing 111 kilograms was presented at the giant melon competition in the Japanese city of Uzki. It was raised by 70-year-old Akinori Takomitsu, who devoted his entire life to growing huge watermelons. The weight of the ten fruits he presented at the exhibition exceeded 100 kilograms!
Edible oil is obtained from the seeds; the pulp is consumed both fresh and canned. Watermelon is used to make marshmallows, jam, honey, and candied fruits. Small watermelons are salted.
Watermelon fruits are not only tasty, but also healthy. They contain easily digestible sugars, pectins, vitamins of groups A, B, C, PP and other minerals necessary for the body.
PUZZLES
I myself am scarlet, sugary,
The caftan is green, velvet.(Watermelon)
* * *
They came to us with melons
Striped balls.(Watermelons)
Attention! This is an introductory fragment of the book.
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You already guessed that this tale will be about fruits and berries. Oh! How delicious are these gifts of summer: Apples, Plums, Cherries, Peaches and Apricots! Oh, and, of course, everyone’s favorite Cherry, and Pears, Pears... just begging to be put into your mouth. Hush hush! Listen. Can you hear the sound of hooves? Yes, it’s Queen Summer’s carriage approaching! Let us meet her with great respect! or
Tale "about Fruits"
The author of the fairy tale is Olga Nikolaevna Syrovatina. Duration 4 minutes. Publication date 10/25/2017
Alternative audio player
Three extraordinary moon horses, harnessed to a beautiful air carriage, rushed like a whirlwind across the vast expanses. Her Majesty Queen Leto was returning to her dominions.
- Oh, you, my horses, majestic horses!
These were three brothers - the youngest was called June, the middle was July, but the queen's eldest favorite was called August. The queen's followers eagerly awaited her arrival. There was bustle in the domain.
- Jump ahead, June, and warn everyone that I’m returning! - the queen ordered him. The horse shook his sunny mane, took off and ran so fast that warmth spread from under his hooves throughout the entire area.
Fruits and berries gained this warmth and began to ripen. The Cherry Countesses exchanged their green dresses for bright red ones. Mrs. Strawberry put on a beautiful scarlet sundress.
And Queen Leto, having traveled half of her journey, decided to send her next horse ahead. July shook his mane and galloped faster than his younger brother, rushing like a whirlwind, so much so that from under his hooves the heat spread throughout the entire area. The first to notice July were Apple's ladies-in-waiting, which means it's time to change your outfit, and let's apply a pink blush to your round cheeks.
Looking at them, Baron Peach, who was still in his green doublet, admired their new multi-colored outfit and the aroma that wafted from these handsome men.
The queen was in a hurry. Spurring her horse Augustus, she raced towards her palace.
– It's time to put on your favorite purple outfit! - said the court lady Plum, looking at herself in the mirror - I look amazing in it and so graceful! – this favorite of the Queen admired herself out loud.
Suddenly there was a knock on the door. Plum opened it. Mr. Viscount Apricot stood on the threshold. He had already preened himself by putting on a bright orange camisole; this color suited his cheerful appearance very well.
In the queen's domain, preparations were underway for the great Harvest Festival. Gentlemen brought fruits and berries from all gardens and vegetable gardens here.
“Look,” Cherry Little said quietly to Peach, pointing her gaze at the round nobleman, whose camisole had light and dark green stripes, “Who is this?”
But he, noticing the lady’s curious look, approached them and introduced himself:
“I am Prince Watermelon, I came from the southernmost region,” he said.
-So you’re not a fruit? - Chereshenka asked him.
- No, of course, I’m a berry! - Watermelon said proudly.
- This can’t be! Are there really such berries, huge, and even with a thick peel?
- Yes, I am! - and he, pleased with himself, walked away from them.
– This time the holiday will be very noisy and fun, because so many guests have arrived - the list of invitees is simply huge! – Plum rejoiced.
She was the main one at this holiday and was very proud of it. Her dark purple outfit flashed among the guests in the halls.
– Gentlemen, there is very little time left before the arrival of Queen Summer, the Harvest Festival is about to begin! Please take your seats, and I will read out the list of invited guests to all of you.
- Welcome! Apples, Pears, Cherries, Cherries are here and Mrs. Quince, Apricots, Peaches, Plums. Oh! this list is very long, I need to take a little break,” said Sliva. And suddenly Countess Cherry saw the belated guests:
– Look, what kind of unusual fruits came to us? Personally, I'm not familiar with them. – Plum hurried to meet them.
- Hello, gentlemen Fruit! Welcome to our Harvest Festival! The guests began to introduce themselves:
- I am Baron Orange, and these are my relatives - Senors Lemon and Mandarin - they were all in beautiful orange clothes.
“Allow us to introduce ourselves,” an amazingly beautiful fruit with green hair on its head came forward and said with a bow:
– My name is Pineapple, and these are my friends: Bananas and Figs.
- And I’m Khurma, and he’s Kiwi, and we all came from afar, from overseas countries.
– We are very, very glad to see you! – Plum smiled at them.
- We're finally home! - said the queen.
She waved her right hand high and immediately her three horses turned into three young men. At the same instant, the queen waved her left hand high, and all the elegant ladies and gentlemen instantly turned into juicy ripe berries and fruits. Well done, they carefully collected all these fruits and berries into beautiful baskets.
Summer admired the harvest.
– What great benefit to people from my three months of June, July and August! - Summer said majestically.
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If it is customary in the family to eat healthy food, the child will most likely begin to imitate his parents. However, due to lack of time and habits, adults sometimes neglect vegetables and abuse fast food. The baby also tries this food. After eating sweet foods and fast food with flavor enhancers, regular food seems bland and tasteless, so children stop tasting vegetables.
Forming healthy eating habits will help you avoid many problems associated with excess weight and gastrointestinal diseases in the future.
How to teach your child to eat healthy
- Personal example
If your baby sees his parents eating a lot of fruits and vegetables, he will imitate them. The absence of fast food and sweets in the house will allow you to avoid unnecessary temptations. At the same time, you should not completely prohibit your preschooler from eating sweets.
As a compromise, you can offer healthy sweets with plenty of fruit.
- Formation of food interest
From an early age you need to introduce your baby to different tastes. A child should not be afraid to try new foods. Getting to know a variety of foods will not only make your diet balanced, but will also train your taste buds.
Food interest is formed from an early age. It lies in the fact that the child enjoys a variety of foods.
You can't force children to eat. This creates negative associations associated with eating. Psychologists also do not recommend rewarding with food.
Studies of overweight people have shown that sweets were their way of getting pleasure as children. Parents rewarded their children with sweets.
Also, you can’t watch cartoons while eating, because you lose control over the amount you eat. Parents are happy when the baby eats a large bowl of porridge while watching cartoons. However, this can lead to weight problems in the future.
Children who are used to eating while watching cartoons lose their feeling of fullness and may not be able to control it.
- Varied menu of vegetables
If a child does not eat broccoli in its pure form, perhaps he will favor a creamy soup made from it. Currently, there are many recipes available from vegetables and fruits that can be prepared at home under normal conditions. The taste improves significantly, but the value of such dishes does not decrease.
- Stimulating interest in vegetables, fruits and other healthy products
You need to show your child how vegetables are grown, how cereals are obtained, and cottage cheese is made. Children will be interested to know where familiar products come from.
Reading fairy tales and poems helps to awaken interest in fruits and vegetables.
Children need to develop a respectful attitude towards the work of people who produce food. Despite the fact that in the modern world many processes are automated, human labor is still of great importance.
Conversations about food production can be linked to the topic of the professions of a cook, baker, farmer, gardener, etc.
It will be very exciting and useful for your child to grow his own vegetables. Even in urban conditions, you can sprout greens or peas from seeds. Vegetables grown on your own will be eaten with gusto by a preschooler. Reading works about vegetables and fruits will also encourage your child to love healthy food.
Poems about food for children
N. Kapustyuk. “You can’t live without garlic”
A poem about the need for garlic. It is not consumed in its pure form, but as an additive it adds a pleasant taste and aroma to various dishes. The author also has many poems about individual vegetables and fruits.
Poems can be accompanied by tastings of the products described.
A. Prokofiev. "Garden"
A short poem about the variety of vegetables grown in the garden. The verse is easy to memorize to remember the names of vegetables.
E. Ranneva. "Tomato - traffic light"
The tomato in the poem is compared to a traffic light. It turns from green to red. Children learn how tomatoes grow and ripen, that they do not appear as red as in the store, and that ripening tomatoes is a slow process.
N. Shemyakina. "Hand Rain"
The poem describes watering vegetables from a watering can. Children should know how to care for plantings so that they grow into tasty vegetables.
Even if a child grows up in an urban environment, it is useful for him to receive basic information about growing crops. This will not only broaden your horizons, but also treat vegetables and fruits with more respect, because this is the result of the hard work of farmers and gardeners.
L. Generalova. "Useful onion"
A poem about the benefits of onions. Despite the fact that it makes people cry, it is not evil, but very kind - it protects against diseases and germs. Children will learn from the poem why onions are useful.
T. Lavrova. "What is bread made from..."
Tales about vegetables for preschoolers
J. Rodari. "Chipollino"
Perhaps the most famous fairy tale about vegetables and fruits. Here, each vegetable has its own character. Many people remember from childhood the important Signor Tomato and the mischievous onion boy Cipollino. A fascinating fairy tale with a vegetable plot introduces children to the variety of fruits and vegetables. After reading the fairy tale, you can playfully invite your child to try unfamiliar vegetables.
A fairy tale can be a reason to get acquainted with new vegetables and fruits.
Russian folk tale "Turnip"
There is probably no child or adult who does not know this fairy tale. Turnips are not the most popular vegetable. Turnips used to be a mandatory dish on the table. It contains many vitamins. We suggest using the fairy tale as a reason to get acquainted with turnips.
After reading the fairy tale, you can go to the market and buy turnips, remember how long it took to pull them out of the ground. Then you can invite your child to cook and eat it.
E. Batseva. "The Tale of Fruit"
A fairy tale about an apple that imagines itself better than other fruits on the plate. It became proud of its beauty, began to swell and turn purple from screaming. As a result, it turned out to be rotten when the owner arrived.
A fairy tale with an educational component. Her moral is not to elevate yourself above others: pride is a destructive feeling.
T. Domarenok. "Fruit Travelers"
An educational tale about how and where fruits grow. At the end of the day, the unsold fruits decided to get acquainted with each other. It turned out that despite the fact that they are different, they have a lot in common. Everyone talked about where they were born and how they grew up. Almost all the fruits grew on trees and basked in the sun. Only pineapple grew on the ground. The girl Masha and her grandmother bought apples and pears, and another buyer took away the pineapple in the evening.
In addition to reading poems, fairy tales and stories, it is useful to ask children riddles about fruits and vegetables. The study of each vegetable should be accompanied by pictures and selected riddles and works. Such an acquaintance with vegetables and fruits will become a fascinating activity and will form a food interest in them.
For reference:
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Autumn worked hard, managed to collect many different seeds - and she safely hid these treasures from Winter in her bins.
“Spring will come and scatter them all over the earth,” Autumn thought with joy, giving way to the cold, harsh Winter. And Zimushka didn’t have to wait long. She came in all her glory with white snow and crackling frost. She stayed with us at one time and was going to other parts. And Spring then slowly walks through the fields, through forests, cities and towns, covering everything with its warmth, planting seeds donated by Autumn. The seed falls into the ground and sprouts as a green sprout. So gradually the whole earth was covered with a green carpet.
- Here in this bed I will sow cucumbers, and in that bed I will sow potatoes and peas, and here I will sow tomatoes and cabbage. Oh, let’s not forget about the flowers,” Spring continued her very important work, saying. And here Summer is already on the threshold, and now it’s looking out the window, saying goodbye to Spring. The red sun of Summer is encouraging: it’s time to get down to business, distribute the fruits - look how everything has grown. Summer went to work in the garden, hung cucumbers on sprouts, scattered tomatoes on the bushes and went, and went to distribute the fruits and decorate with flowers. Let everything grow and mature and make everyone happy. And the fruits look at each other and smile:
- Look, we are all so small and green!
But then, a little time passed and Summer began to paint the vegetables with multi-colored paints. But there must be magic in every fairy tale... And so, as soon as the stars lit up in the night sky and Luna-Moon rose, in this night glow I suddenly heard:
“Wow, jump and jump,” shouted the green cucumber, looking up from its tail, jumped off the bush and, jumping, ran along the path between the beds, humming something. Having reached a bush with tomatoes, he stopped, examining them.
- What’s wrong with you, you’ve become so pot-bellied and red? - and for some reason this amused him so much that he began to laugh loudly:
- That's hilarious! Reds!….
Onion and Carrot came running to his laughter. Seeing the green cucumber, they began to laugh, but at the green cucumber itself:
“Oh, look, he doesn’t have any forelock,” said Carrot, waving a shock of her leaves. Onion also showed off his forelock. Suddenly something rustled and rustled, and Cabbage rolled out onto the path. She looked at everyone and said with a laugh:
- How funny you are! And where did you lose all your clothes? Look how much I have on me,” and she waved, creaking with all her round leaves, on which sparkles of moonlight played.
And so a girl came to the garden and began to collect ripe vegetables. I picked up a basket full of them and took them home.
– Mom, look how many vegetables I brought! They are all so colorful and beautiful! Here is a red round tomato. Oh, and the cucumber is green and smooth, but sometimes it pricks with its little thorns. What kind of orange icicle is this? Yes, these are carrots! There are also sweet peppers, onions, garlic and zucchini.
Vegetable fairy tale for preschoolers
Author: Kostousova Olga NikolaevnaDescription: The author's fairy tale will introduce children to adventures in the city of vegetables. This literary material can be used to develop imagination and fantasy, as well as as a plot for creating creative works.
In the green kingdom-state there lived Signor Zucchini. He was very important, well-fed and a little clumsy.
He loved his kingdom-state very much, but more than anything else he loved to bask in the sun and get fat.
He has a daughter - the beautiful Princess Patisson. She loved to walk in the green meadow, sing songs and dance. Hear, she sings: la-la-la-la.
There was also a guard living in the palace, Signor Potato. He did his job very well, guarded the kingdom - the green state, so that no one else would sneak in or grow up on someone else's territory.
Signor Potato was gloomy and a little stern.
He also looked after Princess Patisson so that she would not walk too far, fall into a hole, or break her leg.
Everything was quiet and calm in the kingdom - the green state.
Not far away, behind the clearing, in a simple vegetable garden lived simple vegetables: beets - “Bardo”, which every day made the most funny hairstyles from its braid, a baby - carrots, green peppers, an old eggplant, and an onion - a green pod.
Luchok loved to play, but everyone with whom he made friends suddenly began to cry, rub his eyes, hold his nose and run away.
“How unfortunate I am,” said the onion, “nobody plays with me, I smell bitter onions, and everyone starts shedding tears.” I bring misfortune.
And the onion walked alone, completely alone. Walking alone, he thought about his friend. And suddenly in the clearing he saw a stranger. It was Princess Patisson, she went out for a walk before going to bed.
- Who are you? She asked, “What’s your name?”
- I’m Luchok, and who are you?
- And I am Princess Patisson. Why are you so sad?
- Nobody wants to be friends with me because I’m bitter. Now you are going to cry.
- No, I won’t cry, I’ll sing songs.
They held hands and twirled to the cheerful song of Patisson.
The guard Potato saw all this and reported to Signor Zucchini.
- Dear Signor Zucchini! Your princess daughter is walking with someone unknown, with a simple vegetable.
- How? I will not allow her to be immediately brought to the kingdom, the green state, and locked up.
Patisson stood alone at the open window and thought about her good new friend. She became sad, didn’t eat anything, lost weight and got sick.
- Apchhi! Apchhi!
- Trouble! Trouble! My daughter, Princess Patisson, is sick! Who will cure my daughter, who will save her? - Signor Zucchini shouted in despair.
“I’ll cure the princess,” said Luchok. She'll get better.
He came to the princess - the princess was sneezing, tears flowed from her eyes.
The onion began to remove the scaly caps from its head - and the whole room was filled with a bitter onion smell.
- Be patient a little longer, and you will be healthy.
“I’m already healthy,” said the princess. And tears are tears of joy. Thank you for curing me.
Signor Zucchini was embarrassed and agreed to the wedding. He invited everyone to the wedding and did not forget anyone.
And Luchka appointed him the chief doctor in the kingdom, the green state.
This is where the fairy tale ends.
