The form- rectangular
Structure- Star and crescent on a red background
Proportion- 2 to 3
Colors- Red White
State flag of Turkey
National Flag of the Republic of Turkey It is a rectangular panel with an aspect ratio of 2 to 3.
The flag has a white crescent and a white five-pointed star on a red background.
Flag value
The colors and images on the Turkish flag mean the following:
Red is the symbol of the Ottoman Empire
Star and crescent - a symbol of Islam
Flag History
The red color of the Turkish flag was first used by the ruler Umar, who ruled the Arab Caliphate from 634-644. Since the 14th century, red has become a symbol of the Ottoman Empire.
Initially, the star on the flag of Turkey was inside the crescent, which is incorrect from the point of view of astronomy. At the beginning of the 20th century, the star was moved beyond the crescent, but even now the flag is depicted in violation of the laws of astronomy.
According to some sources, it is believed that the crescent moon first appeared on Turkish flags in the middle of the 15th century, others claim that it was taken from the emblem of Constantinople. It is also believed that the image of a crescent with a star is considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman.
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State flag of Turkey. Brief description and characteristics of the flag of Turkey
Description flag of Turkey
The flag of Turkey is a red cloth, on which are placed a white crescent and a white five-pointed star, located in the middle of the flag, offset to the staff.
Red is the traditional color of Islam and was the same color used by the Ottoman Empire until its collapse in 1918, which used to include Turkey. The crescent and star are ancient symbols of Islam and they are considered symbols of good luck. Red is also an important color in Turkish history, and the crescent and star, although symbols of Islam, were used in Asia Minor even before the advent of Islam.
A Brief History of the Flag of Turkey
In its modern form, the flag of Turkey has been used since 1844, but it was officially approved only on June 5, 1936.
Initially, the flag was a green panel with a crescent moon, but its design changed in 1793, when Sultan Selim III changed the color of the panel to red. Then, in 1844, a star was added to the flag. As is the case with many other old flags, the Turkish flag is also surrounded by many legends regarding its history and creation.
The skin state has its own constitutional symbols, or by a special law. Tse anthem, coat of arms and ensign, ovіyanі, as a rule, legends and stories. The symbolism of the state is respected not just by a formal formal system. Won є natsіonalnymi nadbannyam, including і culture.
Prapor and coat of arms of Turechchini
The symbolism is given before the announcement about the state, about those, such values of the wines are obtained. Such an Islamic country, like Turechchina, does not have a legally confirmed sovereign emblem like this. With whom you can replace the new one in rich settings, you can sing the official emblem. Vaughn looks like a red oval from the images in the middle of the new vertically oriented pivmіsyatsem and a star. Similar symbols to avenge oneself and ensign of Turechchini. In addition, the official name of the state is written on the upper edge of the oval of the emblem. This symbolism - the star and pivmisyats - can be added to the foreign passports of the citizens of Turechchini.
In 1925, the Ministry of Education of the Country announced a competition for the smallest baby for the national coat of arms. A new project has passed, on which vertical stars and stars were depicted, and below, the silhouette of a fork, which encloses the “Turkic national symbol”, is roamed. However, without regard for the ignorant recognition, this variant of the coat of arms, like, vtim, and all others, yak without adding an official status.
The meaning of that history
The ensign of Turechchini is a white pіvmіsyats with a five-point star on the red ensign. Tsey yaskravy color of the fabric, for some kind of information, came from the ruler of the Arab Caliphate Umar, who was the conqueror of Egypt, Palestine and Mesopotamia. From the 14th century, the scarlet symbolizes the Ottoman Empire. Zirka and pіvmіsyats zavzhdy vzhdali symbols of Islam, which propagate the Turkish Republic. I don’t care about those who legislate religion here in the power, and the principle of freedom of religion.
Invisibility
Cіkavo, scho on the cob of zіrka bouldered in the middle of the month. At the same time, from the point of view of the astronomers, it was necessary for the wrong decisions, the shards of the star in such a turn were curled up by a month, or rather, by an invisible part. To that, at the beginning of the twentieth century, behind the help of astronomers, ensign Turechchini, the pictures of which were left unimaginable, but it was deciphered. Still, Zirka was blamed for the mezhі pіvmіsyatsya.
However, fahіvtsі and in the current variant know deyak, with a glance of astronomy, inconsistency. Pіvmіsyatsya on prapori represents not that phase of the Month, like a person can watch the skin of the moon from the Earth, but darkening with an incomprehensible object of a round form.
The walk of the little ones
Deyakі іstorikov stverdzhuyut, scho pіvmіsyats, yak zavzhdі traditionally vvazhavshis symbol of іslam, on the Turkish ensign appeared from the middle of the 15th century in the wake of the possible battle under the Kosovo field.
Otherwise, it seems that they are responsible for the emblems of Constantinople, buried in 1453. The third upevneni, which is the image of the star of Jupiter with pivmіsyatsem є signs of the horoscope of Sultan Usman, who ruled in the end of the thirteenth century - the ear of the fourteenth century. Qi symbols were respected as a symbol of the dynasty of the royal family.
There is another legend about their adventures. Vaughn is associated with the distant fourth centuries before our era, if the father of the famous Oleksandr the Great - commander Philip - overlaid the ancient city of Byzantium, modern Istanbul. Sharpening was long and bloody. The inhabitants repaired the opir with great soul, many of them perished in the struggle for their freedom. And then the enemy vyrishiv pizno at night pidkopatisya under the impregnable fortress.
Proteraptovo, because of the black haze, having flashed the moon and ordered him to star.
It was brightly bagatorazovo in the kaluzha of blood shed under the walls of the city. The watchmen commemorated the enemy and raised an alarm. Filip's soldiers had a chance to enter with great expenses, and the place was called. As a memory of this podium, and at the same time, as a symbol of freedom, the breath from the star became the emblem of Byzantium. After a rich hour, already in 1453, the horde of the Turkish Sultan occupied practically the entire Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of remembrance, and from the quiet pіr ensign of Turechchini - the whole red banner with pіvmіsyatsem i zіrkoy.
Blakitny ensign
When planning a ceremony on the birch of the sea, there are many people who look for the presence of the “Blakitny ensign”. Since 1987, international towns have been awarded to these oblate beaches, the water of which meets the quality standards, which means that it is safe for bathing. This nomination is managed by the Fund for Ecological Education - FEE. In this program, I take the fate of more than sixty powers. Turechchina was not left behind. "Blakitniy prapor" tor_k viviv її to the third position among the krai, in some cases, maritime tourism. 389 beaches, which are thirty-two larger, have a lower rating, as determined by the FEE according to twenty-nine criteria.
In addition, Turechchyna is known for the number of "Blakytny praporiv" assigned to its marinas.
Flag of Turkey Flags of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires Similar flags Related articles Notes ·
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The red color of the Turkish flag dates back to Umar, the ruler of the Arab Caliphate in 634-644 and the conqueror of Palestine, Egypt and Mesopotamia. In the XIV century. red became the color of the Ottoman Empire. The crescent with a star is the symbol of Islam.
It is noteworthy that initially the star was inside the month, which is incorrect from the point of view of astronomy (the star in this case was covered by the invisible part of the Moon), therefore, at the beginning of the 20th century, according to the requirements of astronomers, it was moved outside the month. Although even today the flag contains some astronomical discrepancy - the “crescent” is not the phase of the Moon (which we can observe from the Earth every month), but the eclipse of the Moon by an incomprehensible object (in size and position of the orbit - not the Earth) of a round shape (which is unnatural for asteroids ). In a word, such a Moon cannot now be observed from the Earth and could not be observed for thousands of years earlier.
Some sources indicate that the crescent, considered a traditional symbol of Islam, appeared on Turkish flags in the middle of the 15th century. after the victorious battle of Kosovo, others specify that it was borrowed from the emblem of Constantinople (now Istanbul) taken in 1453, others recall that the image of the crescent with the star of Jupiter was considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman (ruled in the late XIII - early XIV centuries. ), was the generic emblem of his dynasty.
True, the stars appeared on the flags of Turkey only at the beginning of the 19th century, then they were seven- and eight-pointed. The five-pointed star appeared in 1844.
For a long time, the sacred green color of the Prophet Muhammad prevailed on Turkish flags, only in 1793 Sultan Selim III ordered the red color to be legalized.
By the time of its collapse in 1918, the Ottoman Empire had a flag, on the red cloth of which the sacred image of a white crescent and a five-pointed star was repeated three times. In 1923, the flag of the Republic of Turkey was installed, which still exists today. On May 29, 1936, it was officially approved in a ratio of 3:2.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, on the coat of arms of Turkey, against the background of war trophies, there was a shield with a golden month in a green field. The shield was crowned with a Sultan's turban. Decades have passed, Turkey has become a secular republican state, the sultans have gone into the past of this country. In our time, both on the coat of arms and on the flag of this power, the pattern is the same - a white crescent with a star on a red field.
There are many legends about the origin of these symbols. One of them is connected with the distant year 339 BC, when the troops of Philip of Macedon, the father of the famous commander Alexander, surrounded the city of Byzantium, as Istanbul was called in ancient times. The siege was long and bloody, the inhabitants desperately resisted, many people died in the struggle for freedom. Then the enemy decided to dig under the impregnable fortress at night. But suddenly, because of the heavy clouds, a moon shone, and a star next to it, repeatedly reflected in pools of blood near the city walls. Watchmen on the towers noticed the enemy and raised the alarm. With heavy losses, Philip's soldiers retreated, and the city was saved. In memory of this event and as a symbol of freedom from invaders, the crescent with a star became the emblem of Byzantium. Centuries later, in 1453, the hordes of the Turkish Sultan captured the city, and then the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the winners, and since then the crescent with a star has been emblazoned on the flag of Turkey.
Each state has its own distinctive symbols established constitutionally or by special law. This is an anthem, a coat of arms and a flag, fanned, as a rule, with legends and shrouded in stories. The symbolism of the state is considered not just a functioning formal system. It is a national treasure, including culture.
Symbolism gives the first idea about the state, about what values it adheres to. In such an Islamic country as Turkey, there is no legally approved state emblem as such. At the same time, instead of it, in many institutions you can see a semi-official emblem. It looks like a red oval with a vertically oriented crescent and star depicted inside it. The flag of Turkey also contains similar symbols. In addition, the official name of the state is written on the upper edge of the oval of the emblem. This symbolism - a star and a crescent - can also be seen on the foreign passport of Turkish citizens.
In 1925, the Ministry of Education of this country announced a competition for the best drawing for the national coat of arms. The project won in it, which depicted vertical stars and a crescent, and below was the silhouette of a wolf, personifying the "Turkic national symbol". However, despite universal recognition, this version of the coat of arms, like all the others, did not acquire official status.
Meaning and history
The flag of Turkey is a white crescent with a red banner. This bright color of the fabric, according to some sources, came from the ruler Umar, who was the conqueror of Egypt, Palestine and Mesopotamia. Since the fourteenth century, red has symbolized and the Star and Crescent have always been considered which the Republic of Turkey preaches. And this is despite the fact that religion is legally separated from the state, and the principle of freedom of religion is in effect.
Mismatch
Interestingly, the star was originally located inside the month. At the same time, from the point of view of astronomers, this was the wrong decision, since in this case the star was covered by the moon, or rather by its invisible part. Therefore, since the beginning of the twentieth century, according to the requirements of astronomers, the flag of Turkey, the pictures of which have remained unchanged, has been somewhat corrected. The star was nevertheless taken out of the crescent.
However, experts in this version find some, from the point of view of astronomy, a discrepancy. The crescent on the flag does not represent the one that a person can observe every month from the Earth, but its eclipse by an incomprehensible round object.
Origin of drawings
Some historians argue that the crescent, which has always been traditionally considered a symbol of Islam, appeared on the Turkish flag from the middle of the fifteenth century immediately after the victorious battle of Kosovo. Others say that it is borrowed from the emblem of Constantinople captured. Still others are sure that the image of the star of Jupiter with a crescent moon are the signs of the horoscope of Sultan Usman, who ruled at the end of the thirteenth - beginning of the fourteenth centuries. These symbols were considered the emblem of the dynasty of his reigning family.
There is another legend about their origin. It is associated with the distant fourth century BC, when the troops of the father of the famous Alexander the Great - commander Philip - besieged the ancient city of Byzantium, the current Istanbul. The encirclement was long and bloody. Residents resisted desperately, many of them died in the struggle for their freedom. And then the enemy decided in the dead of night to dig under this impregnable fortress.
However, suddenly, because of the black clouds, the moon and the star next to it shone. Their light was repeatedly reflected in the pools of blood spilled under the city walls. The sentinels noticed the enemy from the towers and raised the alarm. Philip's soldiers had to retreat with heavy losses, and the city was liberated. And as a memory of this event, and at the same time as a symbol of freedom, the crescent with a star became the emblem of Byzantium. After a long time, already in 1453, the horde of the Turkish Sultan captured almost the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the winner, and since then the flag of Turkey has been a red banner with a crescent and a star.
blue flag
When planning a vacation by the sea, many are guided by the presence of the Blue Flag. Since 1987, this international award has been given annually to those equipped beaches, the water of which meets quality standards, which means it is safe for swimming. This nomination is managed by the Foundation for Environmental Education - FEE. More than sixty states participate in this program. Turkey did not stand aside either. The "Blue Flag" last year brought it to the third position among the countries in which maritime tourism is developed. 389 beaches, thirty-two more than the year before, have been awarded by the FEE on a total of twenty-nine criteria.
In addition, Turkey is in seventh place in terms of the number of Blue Flags awarded to its marinas.
The flag of Turkey is a red cloth, on which are placed a white crescent and a white five-pointed star, located in the middle of the flag, offset to the staff.
Red is the traditional color of Islam and was the same color used by the Ottoman Empire until its collapse in 1918, which used to include Turkey. The crescent and star are ancient symbols of Islam and they are considered symbols of good luck. Red is also an important color in Turkish history, and the crescent and star, although symbols of Islam, were used in Asia Minor even before the advent of Islam.
A Brief History of the Flag of Turkey
In its modern form, the flag of Turkey has been used since 1844, but it was officially approved only on June 5, 1936. Initially, the flag was a green panel with a crescent moon, but its design changed in 1793, when Sultan Selim III changed the color of the panel to red. Then, in 1844, a star was added to the flag. As is the case with many other old flags, the Turkish flag is also surrounded by many legends regarding its history and creation.
Dedicated to today's Turkish Independence Day...By the way, such an exotic parade for me is on TV!! Very interesting!
Turks, who are proud of their nationality and homeland, also love and revere their flag very much. As soon as there is a holiday, they unanimously pull out their own home state flag of various sizes from the cabinets and hang it on the balconies or directly from the windows. So, if you come to Turkey and see such a “decor” of houses, be sure that something is being celebrated in the country now. :)So recently, our upstairs neighbor (turns out to be an ex-star of Turkish basketball) asked us twice for permission to hang out his 10m!! flag for Independence Day - I was worried that we would close the balcony.
In the archives of various clubs “What? Where? When?" I dug up a lot of interesting information related to the symbols depicted on the Turkish flag - the star and the crescent.
So:
1. Armenians and Turks, as you know, to put it mildly, do not like each other. So, when the coat of arms of the Armenian Soviet Republic first saw the light, an indignant response came from the Turkish government: “How so! The coat of arms depicts the symbol of Armenia, Mount Ararat, a geographical object located on the territory of another state”, that is, Turkey. :) The then Minister of Foreign Affairs Chicherin very gracefully parried this attack, answering:
"What, the moon also belongs to Turkey?".
2. Perhaps Chicherin's resourcefulness was helped by his erudition. Because a similar situation has already occurred in history. Tradition says that before the decisive battle with the Turkish army, Tamerlane wished to speak with Sultan Bayazet. Two sovereigns with retinues met in the middle of the future battlefield. Looking at the banner of Tamerlane, which was decorated with three rings, personifying the three parts of the land, Bayazet said with hostility: "O Allah, what impudence - to imagine that all three parts of the land belong to you!" To which Tamerlane calmly replied: “In my opinion, where more impudence is to imaginethat the moon belongs to you» . ( Source: A. Yakubovsky, "Tamerlane: era, personality, deeds").
It would seem, what could be the connection between gastronomy and politics? So it turns out that airy delicious French croissants are somehow involved in both politics and Turkey. According to the legend, this yummy was first made in honor of the victory over the Turkish army on September 12, 1683. And what shape do we remember classic croissants? That's right, crescent shapes. Hence their name - in French, the word for "crescent" sounds like "Croissant".
(Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant and I. Lazerson, S. Sinelnikov, T. Solomonik. At the table with Nero Wolfe, or Secrets of the kitchen of the great detective. - M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2002, p. .196-197).
The crescent became the symbol of BYZANTIA (and then much later than the Ottoman Empire, and then Turkey) up to 339 BEFORE n. e. According to legend, the troops of Philip of Macedon (father of the famous Alexander of Macedon) surrounded Constantinople. The besieged fiercely resisted. Then the enemy decided to dig under the impregnable fortress at night. But suddenly, because of the heavy clouds, a moon shone and a star next to it. Watchmen on the towers noticed the enemy and raised the alarm. With heavy losses, Philip's soldiers retreated. After that the crescent with a star that saved the city became the emblem of Constantinople. Many centuries later, in 1453, the hordes of the Turkish Sultan captured the city, and then the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem moved to the flag of the winners, and then spread to all Muslim countries. The crescent with a star can now be seen as an element of the national flag and emblem of countries that profess the religion of Islam. (Source: Kissin B. Flags fly // Philately of the USSR. 1970. N 10. P. 23).
5. The crescent was one of the attributes of the goddess Diana, who was considered the patroness of Byzantium.
(Source: E. Sheinina. Encyclopedia of Symbols. - M .: AST Publishing House LLC, Kharkov: Torsing LLC, 2002. - P. 9).
6. Even deeper considers the symbolism of the crescent
Jack Tresidderin bookse « DIctionary of symbols»:
"The crescent is the emblem of Islam, denoting divine patronage,growth, rebirth and, together with the star, - paradise.<…>The Latin word for the incomplete moon is similar in sound to the words "growth", "increase", which explains why this symbol was later used to denote Islamic expansion. The symbolism of the crescent contains not only the idea of constant rebirth associated with the lunar phases, he also reminded the ancients of two horns put together - a direct symbol of doubling (it should be remembered that the horn is the emblem of abundance). Since the time of the Crusades, the crescent has been an emblem opposed to the cross, and even a red crescent is used instead of a red cross in Islamic countries.
7. I also found such a legend. When Muhammad argued with the Quraish, they asked him for a miracle. Then he decided to show miracle from Allah He held his finger pointing at the moon and it turned out as if he cut the full month in half. Since then, the crescent has reigned over Muslim mosques. In addition, it is believed that the founder of Islam, Muhammad, ordered each new month, like the new year, to begin only when the narrow crescent of the newborn moon appears in the west. To this day, in some countries, Islamic clerics trumpet or beat drums when the new moon appears, so that believers do not miss this event.
8. The Muslim crescent has been opposed to the Christian cross since the time of the Crusades. After the creation of the symbol of the International Red Cross movement in 1863, the Ottoman Empire declared that it could not use the Christian symbol. They went towards her. So in Turkey, since 1876, instead of a red cross, a red crescent on a white background has been used, although it was officially recognized as a distinctive sign of medical institutions and formations only in 1929 at the Diplomatic Conference in Geneva. Turkey was followed by other countries where most of the population professes Islam (Egypt, Iran, etc.). And in general, it turns out that the full name of the organization is International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Moreover, she has 3 characters, - in addition to the cross and the crescent, there is also a crystal that appeared quite recently - in 2005 as a neutral, free from religious overtones, symbol. 
Each flag has its own unique story about its people. The state and the flag are integral parts, there is no state without a flag.
The red flag of Turkey with a depicted star and a white crescent appeared in ancient times, but throughout its journey to our time, it has constantly changed. Symbolism in the form of an incomplete moon and a star appeared on the Turkish flag after Turkey converted to Islam. However, the color of the flag has not changed, although green is typical for Muslims.
The color of the flag originates from the time of the Arab ruler Umar, who ruled in the period 634-644, conquered Palestine, Mesopotapia, Egypt. The red color of the flag is a symbol of the Ottoman Empire, and half of the month and the star are the symbols of Islam. In those days, whatever the color of the Muslim flag, the crescent was always depicted on each of them, of various colors and sizes, and even three at once. The color of the Turkish flag in the 16th century was snow-white, in the next century it took on red, at other times the flag was green. All coloring of the cloth came from the Ottoman Empire.
As for the crescent and the star, there are statements that at the very beginning of its appearance on the flag, the star was inside the month. Astronomers demanded that the star be taken out of the month, since, in their opinion, the star is in the closed lunar zone. This change took place at the beginning of the 20th century.
From some sources it is clear that the symbol of Islam on the flag appeared after the victory of the Turkish soldiers in the Kosovo field, from others that the crescent was copied from the emblem of Constantinople, from the third that Sultan Osman had a crescent and a star - were the generic symbols of his dynasty. Initially, eight- and seven-pointed stars appeared on the flag of Turkey, and in the middle of the 19th century, only one, five-pointed star remained on the flag.
There are many legends about the origin of the Turkish flag. One of them tells about a distant time, when Philip of Macedon, the father of the great Alexander, with his army besieged the city of Constantinople, now the city of Istanbul. The battle took place with strong resistance from the locals, a lot of blood was shed and a large number of people died. The enemy wanted to enter the city at night through a tunnel, but suddenly a moon shone brightly in the sky and was reflected along with the stars in a large pool of blood. The sentinels in the illumination discovered the enemy and did not allow him to the walls of the city. The city defended its freedom, and in honor of such an event, a star with a crescent moon became the emblem of Byzantium. After many centuries, Turkish soldiers captured the city, and since 1453, such symbols have been emblazoned on the Turkish flag.
