For those who are planning to travel to the UK, are studying English, are interested in this country, or communicate with the residents of Foggy Albion, it will be useful to know a few facts about the United Kingdom.
English has not always been the official language in Great Britain. For about 300 years, the inhabitants of the British Isles spoke French.
Around a quarter of Londoners were born outside the UK.
More than 300 thousand John Smiths live in England.
- Great Britain includes four administrative and political parts: Northern Ireland, England, Scotland and Wales. 
Great Britain is ruled by the Queen and Parliament, but in each part of the Kingdom the local government is responsible for transport, health, environment, culture and education, and controls internal politics. 
The UK is a country with special business conditions for foreign companies. Therefore, this country is ready for the introduction of foreign capital into it. Specialized companies, such as the Agency for Anti-Crisis Solutions (https://aar.com.ua/ru/services/offshory-i-zarubezhnye-kompanii/britaniya-i-irlandiya), prepare documentation for doing business abroad.
Sports such as rugby and polo were born in England. 
Windsor Castle is considered the largest royal residence in the world.
The birthplace of the metro is London.
For 30% of Britons, English is a second language. In Wales they speak Welsh, in Ireland they speak Irish and Ulster-Scots, and in Scotland they speak Scottish English and Gaelic.
When confronted with residents of Ireland, Wales or Scotland, you should never call them English or British, because this will greatly offend them.
The well-known Stonehenge dates back to approximately 3000 BC. The stone complex is located on Salisbury Plain. 
Most people are sure that Big Ben is the clock of the Palace of Westminster. But that's not true. Big Ben is the name given to the large bell located there.
- London is an ancient city. The Romans founded it in 43 and named it Londinium.
The first store selling hot chocolate was opened in London.
Each part of Great Britain has its own capital. In Northern Ireland it is Belfast, in Wales it is Cardiff, in Scotland it is Edinburgh. London is the capital of England and Great Britain.
The area of Great Britain is 245 thousand square meters. km. It stretches from the Shetland Islands to Northern Ireland.
On the territory of Foggy Albion there are about 30 sites under UNESCO protection. They are located in all corners of the kingdom, including in large cities: Chester, York, Oxford, Edinburgh, Canterbury.
Great Britain arose many millennia ago - in 6500 BC. Throughout the country, many historical monuments of different ages have been preserved: from ancient to modern.
In the 18th century The British Empire was the largest in the world. Its population accounted for a quarter of all people on the planet, it occupied a fifth of the world's territory. 
Children in the UK start school at 4-5 years old and finish their education at 16-18 years old.
The largest universities - Oxford and Cambridge - were the only ones in all of England until 1832.
Lovers of mysticism should definitely visit York. It is recognized as the most haunted city in Europe. 
Only the Queen can travel in Great Britain without a passport.
London is home to the world's largest Ferris wheel, the London Eye. It makes one circle in half an hour. 
In Wales at the end of the 19th century. The first record store was opened.
Approximately 30 million Americans believe they have Scottish roots.
At the official residence of British monarchs, Buckingham Palace, a ceremonial changing of the guard has been taking place for many decades. This ceremony attracts many tourists. 
Familiarization of PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES
ENGLAND (GREAT BRITAIN)
- LESSON 1
Tasks
Correctional and educational:
Update the dictionary on lexical topics “Flowers”, “Sport”, “Transport”, “Products”;
Practice the formation of relative adjectives, the instrumental case of nouns with the preposition s, the selection of antonym adjectives;
Strengthen the skill of composing a descriptive story using a reference diagram.
Correction and development:
Learn to regulate emotions through psycho-gymnastics;
Develop graphic skills, attention, memory, thinking.
Educational:
Introduce the traditions of England;
Develop interest in the culture, customs, and traditions of England.
Equipment: pictures with images of clouds (“sad”, “cheerful”, “angry”, etc.), “English” sports (boxing, badminton, football, cricket, tennis, table tennis, curling), pictures with images of field and garden flowers or artificial flowers (red rose, carnation, lily, bell, chamomile, buttercup), picture “Find identical cups”, paired handout pictures “Traffic in Russia and England”, blanks - paper umbrellas, colored and simple pencils, felt-tip pens .
PROGRESS OF THE CLASS
I. Introductory part
Children look at pictures with images of clouds (“sad”, “cheerful”, etc.).
Teacher. Guys, look at the clouds that greet us today. What is the mood of the first cloud?
Children. Sad.
Teacher. Use your facial expressions to show the same expression.
Children complete the task.
The teacher asks to name the mood, emotion of all the clouds in the drawings and show these expressions with facial expressions. Children complete the task.
Now let's smile at each other. We are in a good mood and we can hit the road. It was not by chance that we met the clouds!
Listen to the poem.
Tearing shreds of fog,
He emerges from the sea...
Without noticing the gray centuries,
Foggy Albion rises.
That's what England is sometimes called
For the stern, unapproachable appearance.
Its misty beauty
She attracts guests to her...
The English Queen's authority,
Big Ben's important chime.
And London, reflected in the Thames,
Dissolved in a transparent haze...
Guardsmen fur hats,
And the mighty lion on the coat of arms,
And the strength of the white and red rose -
Here are the symbols on the islands.
II. Main part
Teacher. You understand that our trip today is to England or, more precisely, to Great Britain. It is located in the British Isles, surrounded on all sides by water, and separated from the mainland by the English Channel.
The teacher shows England on the map.
This is probably why the weather there changes so often, it drizzles... Why is England called “Foggy Albion”? This is due to the famous English fogs, and also to the fact that the first thing the sailors saw when they discovered the British V a, - huge light rocks appearing from the sea waves and splashes. You could say that fog is an unofficial symbol of England. Imagine that the fog is so thick that you can hardly see anything. What was not visible?
Children. Mountains, lakes, rivers, forests, fields, meadows were no longer visible.
Educator: In the poem you heard the words “London”, “Thames”. What is this?
If the children find it difficult, the teacher reminds them that London is the capital of England, and the Thames is the river on which this city stands. Great Britain is ruled by Queen Elizabeth P.
The British love to grow garden flowers. In the British Isles, daisies, bells, buttercups, clover grow - almost all the flowers that are found in central Russia.
The teacher shows pictures of wild and garden flowers or artificial flowers.
Let's collect two bouquets: put garden flowers in one vase, and meadow (wild) flowers in the other.
Children come to a table with vases and flowers and make bouquets.
Yes, guys, we got beautiful bouquets. If fog is an unofficial symbol of England, then what are its official symbols?
Children. Flag, coat of arms, anthem.
Teacher. There is a red rose in a bouquet of garden flowers. It serves as the unofficial flower symbol of England, and not only because this flower is so beautiful. In ancient times, representatives of two noble families fought for the English throne. The symbol of one kind was a white rose, and the other - a red one. As a result, the representative of the “red rose” genus won. Having sat on the throne of England, he proclaimed the red rose as the symbol of the country. True, in order not to detract from the significance of another kind, the red rose’s center and stamens were left white, i.e. it is, in fact, not red, but red and white. The white stamens are closer to the base, symbolizing the base, and the red petals are further from the base and symbolize the victory of one of the genera.
Breathing exercise "Rose"
Teacher. Let's smell the beautiful rose.
The breathing exercise is performed while standing. First, children take a deep breath through their noses, without raising their shoulders, as if smelling a rose, trying to draw in all its aroma, then exhale as much as possible through their mouths.
Since there are quite a lot of sports that originated in England, the teacher can choose the number of stories he sees fit.
Sport occupies an important place in the life of the British. England is the birthplace of many sports: boxing, football, tennis, golf, polo, badminton, rugby. A little about the history of these sports.
Football is by far the most popular sport. The British play it everywhere: in parks, on playgrounds and sports grounds. The name “football” comes from two words: “foot” - foot and “ball” - ball. In the old days in England, this game was a fight for the ball in the streets. The authorities waged a stubborn war against football. Even royal orders were issued banning the game. And later, when the rules were developed, football became an organized popular game that conquered the whole world. On what ground do they play football? What equipment is needed?
The teacher shows a picture of a football field. The children answer.
Today there is also women's football. What are these athletes called?
Children. Football players.
Teacher. In England there appeared such a sport as badminton One duke returned from a trip to India to his estate, which was called Badminton, and brought rackets and a shuttlecock. It was also in India, a colony of Britain, that this game was popular. The name of the game - badminton - comes from the name of the estate. Later, the rules of the game were invented.
Another popular sport is golf. There is a legend that a shepherd was wandering through the fields, hit a round stone with a stick and accidentally rolled it into a rabbit hole. He was then joined by other shepherds who liked the new game. Later, rocks were replaced by balls, rabbit holes were replaced by holes, and clubs were used instead of sticks.
Another exciting sport - polo, who came to England in the 19th century. from India. This is a team game. Its participants ride horses with special sticks and try to score goals against the opponent's goal with the ball. Polo is considered a special sport, as it requires complex equipment, and you also need to have your own horse. Therefore, not everyone can practice this sport. On what ground do they play polo? What equipment is needed?
The teacher shows a picture of a polo game. The children answer.
Mention of the game, which is now called "tennis", found back in the Middle Ages. It was played both in the halls and in the open air with leather balls, which were stuffed with sawdust, rags, and grass. Then rubber balls appeared. What kind of balls are they made of?
Children. The balls were made of leather - leather, from rags - rag made of rubber - rubber, from grass - herbal.
Teacher. At first, the ball was hit not with rackets, but with a hand on which a mitten was put on. The people of England were the first to think of using a racket. It was they who called the sport “tennis”. Let's remember what the tennis court is called, what equipment is needed, what form the players wear, what the name of the sportsman and sportswoman playing tennis is.
The teacher shows a picture of a court, a tennis player and a tennis player.
Children. The area is called a court, you need a net, rackets, balls. Uniform for men - shorts and a T-shirt, for women - a skirt and T-shirt. Athlete - tennis player, athlete - tennis player
Teacher. Table tennis - ping pong - is a purely English invention, and not Chinese, as many people think. This game just became very popular in China. In the old days, the English nobility played tennis under canopies on tables.
England is also the homeland boxing a. At first it was just a fist fight with elements of wrestling - a very dangerous and scary sight. They fought without gloves, with bare hands. Later, certain rules were introduced and modern boxing emerged. Let’s remember what the athletes are called, what venue they perform on, what equipment and uniforms are needed.
The teacher shows pictures of a ring and a boxer. Children complete the task.
Another unusual sport that arose in the Middle Ages in England is cricket. Its name goes back to the word “stick”. Cricket is believed to have evolved from the ancient games of stick and ball, bat and ball, and catch and ball. This is a sports team game (each team has 11 people) with a ball and bats on an oval-shaped grass field. The game originated in the pastures:
For sheep, where there was low grass, on which it was convenient to roll the ball. It was made from wool or old rags. They defended the gate with a shepherd's stick. The goal of the game is to destroy the opponent's goal with the ball. Cricket is a summer sport, but competitions are now held in winter, with players wearing white suits in any weather.
In the English city of Rugby, the sport of the same name arose - rugby . This is a team sport. Two teams compete, each of which is represented by fifteen players.
The teacher shows pictures depicting a game of rugby.
The game is played on a rectangular grass field. The game and rugby ball has an oval shape. It is sewn together from four plates; the player's sports uniform includes a rugby T-shirt, shorts, socks and studded boots to prevent the athlete's foot from slipping. Athletes can use additional equipment: a helmet to protect the head, elastic shoulder pads, and leg guards to prevent injuries.
Compiling a story using reference diagrams
Educator: Now tell us about any sport that arose in England according to the scheme.
Children compose a descriptive story about sports using supporting diagrams.
Plan
- What is the name of the sport?
- Is it winter or summer?
- Solo or team?
- What kind of ground is this sport played on?
- What equipment and sports equipment are needed?
- What form do the athletes wear?
- What movements do they perform?
- Women's or men's sport? What is the name of a sportsman and a sportswoman?
Plasticetude "Athletes"
Teacher. Imagine that you are athletes.
Children agree among themselves who will pretend to be athletes and who will guess. 1-2 children show the characteristic movements of athletes, and the rest guess.
After exercising, you can also refresh yourself. Let's talk about the British food traditions. English cuisine- solid, simple and nutritious.
The British love a good breakfast. It may consist of oatmeal, scrambled eggs and bacon, fried fish, toast with jam, tea or coffee. The daily meal is called "lunch". On weekdays, meat stew, fried fish, chops, liver, sausages, and vegetables can be served. The British rarely eat rice and pasta. For dessert, apple pie or hot milk pudding is served.
Oatmeal, roast beef, muffins (but not pizza!) –
This is what English cuisine is proud of.
Meet the guests at five o'clock,
To drink your tea with the pudding.
Time to drink tea: the Five o'clock Tea tradition
The British love tea very much. From four to six o'clock in the evening it is time for traditional tea drinking - "fife-o-clock", i.e. "Five o'clock tea" We will also organize a tea party. For this you will need cups. Find the same cups in the picture.
Children find identical cups in the picture.
Guys, what can tea be like in terms of its qualities and properties? Let's choose opposite words.
Children. Tea hot- cold, transparent- opaque dark- light, bitter- sweet.
Teacher. What is the composition of tea?
Children. From herbs - herbal, from chamomile - chamomile, with bergamot - bergamot, with rose hips - rosehip, with currants - currant, with St. John's wort - St. John's wort, from jasmine - jasmine.
Teacher. Traditionally, tea is served with bread, cookies, jams, biscuits, buns, crumpets, lemon, pastries, and cakes. What do the British drink tea with?
Children. They drink tea with toast, with cake, with pastries, with jam, with jam, with lemon.
Teacher. The most interesting question in English tea drinking is: “Tea into milk or milk into tea?” According to an ancient tradition, milk is first poured into a cup, and then the brewed tea.
When talking about the culinary traditions of the British, one cannot help but think of pudding. This is a classic English delicacy: a dessert made from eggs, sugar, milk and flour, cooked in a water bath. Fruits or spices are added to the pudding. In the old days, puddings were made from leftovers from other dishes, which were combined together and covered with, for example, fat or egg. For sweet puddings, which are served for dessert, the filling is usually an egg with milk.
There are a great variety of puddings. Let's figure out what they are. Semolina pudding - semolina, from oats - oat, from rice - rice, from cottage cheese - curd, from berries - berry, with vanilla - vanilla, from eggs - egg, from coconut - coconut, from corn - corn, from milk- lactic, with lemon- whether mono , with coffee - coffee, with nuts - walnut, from carrots - carrot, from apples - apple.
So, we refreshed ourselves. It's time to go. Interesting A peculiarity of England is that traffic moves on the left.
The teacher shows pictures.
They say that this direction of movement developed in England because ancient warriors held weapons in their right hands. In case of meeting with the enemy, it was more convenient for them to be on the left side of the road.
The teacher distributes pictures to the children. You need to draw a line on them - a path in the direction in which the car will go in England and Russia.
Dynamic pause
Children take toy steering wheels and go to the center of the group. Shows how transport moves in England and Russia.
III. Final part
Teacher. Guys, our journey around England will continue. We will visit many more interesting places. On the road we will need an umbrella, because the weather in England is changeable: it often rains and there is fog, but there are no severe frosts. It is not surprising that the most popular item in this country is the umbrella: the weather changes from hour to hour.
The teacher distributes blanks - paper umbrellas, colored pencils. Children color them.
Pictures coloring - English umbrella (rain umbrella)
- ORGANIZATION OF VIEWING CHILDREN'S TV PROGRAMS, CONVERSATIONS WITH CHILDREN ABOUT THEIR CONTENT
England. Geography for kids in pictures.
England in all its glory with its beautiful Buckingham and Westminster palaces, Cambridge and Oxford universities, Tower Bridge and the famous Big Ben. Your child will be able to see this and much more in our video "England. Geography for kids in pictures."
Among other things, in this video your child will be able to find out what the state symbols of England look like (flag and coat of arms), the national costume of the British, the most striking representatives of flora and fauna, etc.
Great Britain. Shishkina school.
- England (UK) (end)
Tasks
Correctional and educational:
Update the dictionary on lexical topics “Animals”, “Birds”, “Insects”, “Transport”, “Sports”;
Practice the formation of the instrumental case of nouns and possessive adjectives;
Strengthen the skills of determining the number of syllables in words and differentiating hard and soft consonants.
Correctional and developmental: develop children's figurative and artistic abilities, imagination, plasticity, fine motor skills.
Educational: instill interest in the culture of other countries.
Equipment: subject pictures (red telephone box, red double-decker bus, red rose, panda), photographs or slides with images of London landmarks (Big Ben Tower Bridge, Buckingham Palace, Palace of Westminster, Trafalgar Square, 30 St. Mary Axe skyscraper, or “The Gherkin” ", etc.), cards for differentiating animals, birds and insects (depicting a butterfly, wasp, giraffe, elephant, dragonfly, hare, flamingo), plot picture "London Zoo" depicting animal body parts hidden behind various objects (lion behind the stones, an elephant behind the bushes, a camel behind the fence, a penguin behind the stones, a crocodile behind the thickets), a box with blue and green hair bands (according to the number of children), blue and green cardboard medals on blue and green ropes with Roman or Arabic numerals indicating the number of syllables in a word, object pictures, two tables, outline pictures of the “Gherkin of London skyscraper” for graphic work, pencils, a cardboard guide “Train” with three carriages for determining the place of a sound in a word, magnets with Velcro (for crafts), small cardboard figures of a double-decker bus, a telephone booth (prepared in advance).
* * *
I. Introductory part
Teacher. Guys, today we have another journey ahead of us. And where we will go, you will understand by guessing the riddle.
The teacher shows pictures of a red rose, a red telephone booth, a panda, and a red double-decker bus. Children find an extra picture and explain why they chose it.
Children. All other items are red and are associated with England.
Teacher. That's right, but now we will go to the capital of Great Britain - London, the symbols of which are the red bus and telephone booth. So, imagine that we are sitting on a double-decker bus and starting a tour of London.
P. Main part
The teacher shows photographs or slides of London sights. The material is intended for preschoolers, so the story is introductory, not very detailed, conveying the atmosphere of the city.
Teacher. So, we will see the Palace of Westminster, the building of the English Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster is London's most famous landmark. On the clock of this tower there is Big Ben - the largest bell of the palace. It is he who strikes the time every hour. The clock in the Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster resembles the Kremlin chimes on the Spasskaya Tower in Moscow. We will see Trafalgar Square, the London National Gallery, the Tower, which was both a palace and a fortress, and a repository of royal jewels, weapons, and a prison, the Tower Bridge over the River Thames (the largest drawbridge, its two wings are raised by a special device when a ship passes along river), Buckingham Palace - the residence of British monarchs.
To get around London faster, we'll take the tube. By the way, the world's first subway line, or as it is called in England - underground, 6 km long, was built in London back in the 19th century. Few people know that the word “metro” was invented by the British.
The thing is that the company that was involved in the construction of London's underground railway was called Metropolitan Railway. Therefore, at first, residents of Great Britain called the subway “metropolitan”, and then shortened it to “metro”. Unlike other countries, this name did not take root in England. Today Londoners prefer to call the metro “tube” (“pipe”) or “underground” (“underground”).
Pictures will travel with us on the metro train. In the first carriage are those in whose names the given sound appears at the beginning of the word, in the last - those in whose names it appears at the end, in the middle - in the names of which this sound appears in the middle of the word.
The teacher places a cardboard subway train with pockets on the board. Distributes; for children, pictures with the sound whose place in the word must be determined. The teacher decides independently what this sound will be. For example, pictures with sound [s] are offered: in the first carriage there is dog, average - scales, in the last - forest.
In London, on Baker Street, there is an interesting museum. Everything that is presented in it belongs to a non-existent person - Sherlock Holmes, a brilliant detective, a literary character of the English writer Conan Doyle. Holmes had an unusual mind and logic, which helped him unravel complex crimes. And today we will develop such qualities in ourselves.
London Zoo is one of the largest and oldest zoos in the world, allowing scientists to engage in research activities. For some time it was undergoing reconstruction, the purpose of which was to build enclosures that would recreate their natural habitat so that the animals would feel more comfortable. For example, on the site of old monkey enclosures, a giant island appeared, which became a habitat for gorillas.
Who is not here! Animals and birds of Africa, reptiles, including lizards, turtles, crocodiles, snakes, butterflies, fish.
The story is accompanied by a display of pictures or slides.
We will not only look at the inhabitants of the zoo, but also develop attention and thinking.
The teacher distributes pictures to the children depicting birds, insects and animals.
Look at the pictures: the zoo inhabitants fled. We will help scientists distribute them among the pavilions. Circle all the insects, the birds with an oval, and the animals with a square.
The teacher shows the children pictures depicting animal body parts (the head of a lion, crocodile, penguin, elephant tail, ostrich paws, etc.).
Find all the animals and birds in the picture and say whose body parts you see.
Children. Elephant tail - elephantine tail, head of a crocodile - crocodile head, penguin head - penguin head...
Teacher. So we trained and became as attentive, insightful and smart as Sherlock Holmes. But it's time to move on.
In London there is a famous Madame Tussauds wax museum. His collection includes figures of thousands of great people from all over the world: famous writers, artists, musicians, actors, athletes, politicians. All of them are made of wax and are very similar to their prototypes. These are the talented and skilled craftsmen who make them. And we'll play a game.
Game "Guess what it is"
Children stand in a circle. One child comes to its center and shows some animal or inanimate object, and the rest must guess who or what he represents.
Teacher. London is also a sports capital. There are many sports facilities and grounds here. What sports grounds do you know?
Children. Stadium, court, skating rink, rowing channel, football field.
Teacher. London is a champion for hosting the Olympic Games. They were held here three times, the last time in the summer of 2012. What summer sports do you know?
The children answer.
The athletes' reward is medals. So we will have unusual medals that we will play with.
Game "Medals"
The teacher chooses words with consonants that are already familiar to the children. Option 1
Children are awarded blue and green medals with numbers. I need to come up with a word with a sound (hard - blue or soft - green) with a certain number of syllables in accordance with the numbers on the medal and its color. For example, work is carried out with the sounds [p] and [p"]. A child who has a green medal with the number 1 calls the word “feast”, a child who has a green medal with the number 2 “pirate” calls the word “train”. Etc.
Option 2 (outdoor game)
Children are randomly divided into two teams - “blue” and “green”, and put blue and green elastic bands on their hands. The teams form a line. At the teacher’s signal, participants begin to run to tables on which there are pictures with soft or hard sounds, for example: [р], [р"], [л], [л"], etc. Each child chooses a picture with exactly the sound (soft or hard) that corresponds to his command, and quickly returns back.
The team that completes the task faster wins. Teams present their pictures, the rest check the correctness of the tasks. Each team member counts the syllables in the word-name of the picture, and the teacher “awards” the participants with a suitable medal. For example, if a child has a picture with the image of a rocket (we are talking about the sounds [r] and [r"]), then he is awarded a blue medal with the number “1”, and if with a picture of a turnip - a green medal with the number “2”, etc. d.
Teacher. You can also visit the Natural History Museum, where the evolution of living beings is presented, starting with dinosaurs, and go to the Royal Botanical Garden.
Skyscraper with the unusual name St. Mary Aix, 30 has an unusual mesh design. Decorated with green glass and having an oblong shape, the building was named “Cucumber”. The height of the building is 180 m. The skyscraper is considered one of the most environmentally friendly buildings of its kind in the world. Due to its unique shape, the building casts less shadow and allows more sunlight to reach the lower floors. To remember the unique shape of this structure, we will trace the picture dot by dot.
The teacher distributes to the children pictures with a dotted image of the “Cucumber” tower and pencils. Children trace the drawing.
So, we have seen almost all the sights of London, and now we will not deny ourselves the pleasure of looking at the city from above and will visit the London Eye - the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe. Let's make binoculars from our palms, look around and tell you what we see and what we admire.
Children make “binoculars” and list the sights of London, forming the accusative and instrumental cases.
Children. I see the zoo, I admire the zoo. I see a museum, I admire a museum...
III. Final part
P a g o g It is traditional to bring souvenirs from each trip - as a keepsake, as a gift to friends or relatives. We will make magnets with symbols of London.
Children stick magnets onto blank cardboard phone booths and red buses.
Source
Baronova V.V. A grammatical journey across countries and continents. Classes on the cognitive and speech development of older preschoolers. - M.: TC Sfera, 2016. - 128 p.
Literature
Alyabyeva E.A. Grammar for preschoolers. Didactic materials on the development of speech of children 5-7 years old. M., 2014.
Alyabyeva E.A. From words to dialogue. Didactic materials on the development of speech of children 5-7 years old. M., 2013.
Groshenkova V.A., Shilova T. S. Integrated classes on speech development and artistic activity. M., 2012.
Dunaeva N.Yu., Zyablova S. Prevention of general speech underdevelopment in children 3-4 years old. M, 2013.
Efimenkova L.N. Formation of speech in preschool children. M., 1981.
Zhukova K.S., Mastyukova E.M., Filicheva T.B. Overcoming general speech underdevelopment in preschool children. M., 1990.
Lalaeva R.I., Serebryakova N.V. Correction of general speech underdevelopment in preschool children (formation of vocabulary and grammatical structure). St. Petersburg, 1999.
Miklyaeva N.V. Cognitive and speech development of preschool children. M., 2015.
Molchanova E.G.,Kpemoea M. A. Speech development of children 5-7 years old in a speech center. M., 2014.
Ovchinnikov V.V. Sakura branch. M., 1975.
Tkachenko T.A. We learn to speak correctly. System for correcting general speech underdevelopment in 6-year-old children. M., 2004.
Parfenova E.V. Speech development of children with special needs development in theatrical activities. M., 2014
Dear students, in my opinion, this is important!
I advise you to go through other sections of the "Navigation" and read interesting articles or watch presentations, didactic materials on subjects (pedagogy, methods of developing children's speech, theoretical foundations of interaction between preschool educational institutions and parents); material for preparing for tests, tests, exams, coursework and dissertations. I would be glad if the information posted on my website helps you in your work and study.
Best regards, O.G. Golskaya
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What's the first thing that comes to your mind when talking about Britain? Surely words such as “rain”, “queen”, “tea”. Actually, this is the main thing we know about Foggy Albion. Otherwise, this is a mysterious region for us. In fact, Britain is fraught with many interesting things. Here are some interesting and entertaining facts about Great Britain in general and London in particular.
1. There is no constitution in Great Britain.
Yes, this state lives not only without a constitution, but also without registration - this is truly a surprise for our compatriots! But life in the country here is judged by payments from a bank card, so every Briton keeps a huge number of bills, receipts and reports.
Almost all parliamentary democracies have a constitution, but the UK does not. The reason is simple and it lies in the age of the country: the evolution of statehood here took place over a long period of one and a half thousand years. Therefore, there were no founding fathers or key writing moment. The constitution here is developing gradually.
2. The Queen does not have a British passport.
Every British citizen's passport is formally issued in the name of the Queen, so she is not required to have a passport. That is why Her Majesty Elizabeth II does not have a passport - she does not need one.
When she goes somewhere on a visit, she is not going on vacation, but on a diplomatic mission, so customs control and luggage inspection do not apply to her. True, the rest of the royal family were not so lucky: they have a passport. Therefore, they need to go through formalities to travel, but Elizabeth II does not.
3. In the possession of Elizabeth II - a sixth of the land.
As you know, the Queen of England has no real power. However, she has a sixth of the land at her disposal. Really, crazy? Queen Elizabeth II formally controls more than 30 countries and states, except Great Britain.
Among them are Canada, the world's second largest, as well as Jamaica and Australia. Formally, she can exclusively own these states - not rule them. This association is called the Commonwealth of Nations, which enjoys exceptional authority throughout the world.
4. The shortest war is 38 minutes.
The Anglo-Zanzibar War in 1896 lasted only 38 minutes. The invasion of the empire's troops was included in the Guinness Book of Records: it is truly the shortest war in the entire history of mankind. Great Britain was dissatisfied with the new ruler of the country, who gained power after the death of his cousin Barat, and demanded that powers be transferred to his protégé. Quite logically, the refusal followed. After this, on the morning of August 27, 1896, the British squadron headed to the shores of Zanzibar and froze in anticipation.
Britain's ultimatum expired at 9.00: either surrender of power to the Zanzibar authorities, or shelling of the palace. The usurper’s refusal provoked the shelling at exactly 9.01. As a result, the only ship that made up the entire fleet of Zanzibar was sunk, and the palace instantly turned into burning ruins: only the country’s flag remained, as the newly-minted Sultan fled. According to international standards, the fall of the flag is recognized as surrender. Exactly 38 minutes passed before the flag was toppled.
For the history of Africa, this is not so much a comical moment (the British consider it as such), but rather a tragic one. In this war, 570 Zanzibar citizens lost their lives in just 38 minutes. That is, the duration of the war has not become proportional to the bloodshed: war is, in any case, a tragedy that leaves a mark on culture, and not just a mark, but an unhealed scar.
5. The royal family is a Nazi supporter.
The uncle of the now reigning Queen Elizabeth II, Edward VIII, it turns out, was glad that the Nazis came to power. This was before the start of World War II. This fact was well known to members of the royal family.
But the general public also found out about this: a photograph of a young smiling prince along with the Nazis of Germany was leaked to the press. Around the same time, an interesting archival film from 1933 appeared, where the future queen (then she was only 7 years old) and her sister raise their hands in a Nazi salute - zigging.
6. The most mysterious faucets.
In order to wash your face with warm water in London, you will have to sweat a lot. Instead of a classic mixer, there are two separate taps: with cold and hot water. Therefore, you need to plug the sink, open both taps, adjusting the required temperature, then fill the sink and after that splash around to your heart's content.
7. Duchess Kate replenishes the British treasury.
Among the British, Duchess Kate (Kate Middleton) is extremely popular. She is very loved and appreciated. Women too. That is why they try to copy her style: manners, hairstyle, clothes.
Sociologists noted that on average, each fan of the future queen spends about £250 to look like Kate. Outfits similar to those the Duchess wears are flying off the shelves! As soon as her new photograph appears in the media, her outfits are sold out, appointments are made with hairdressers and stylists, and jewelry “like Kate’s” is ordered. This is how the future queen helps her country’s economy.
8. The Queen of Great Britain has no real power.
The Royal Family of Great Britain has hundreds of years of truly fascinating history behind it. However, the real power of the monarch today has been completely lost. The Queen today is an instrument for the majestic reception of a delegation, nothing more.
Of course, one cannot say that the monarch in Great Britain is not useful at all: it is the queen who has the right to appoint ministers and dismiss them, to issue or not issue passports. Even the queen can declare war. However, if Her Majesty still wants to declare war, it is unlikely that she will succeed, because the last word is still with the prime ministers.
9. A Brit can legally kill a Scot.
Surely everyone knows that the British and Scots have a very difficult relationship. Relations between neighbors are so complicated that it turns out that an Englishman can legally kill a Scot. Such a place has existed in York for a long time.
However, there are conditions: you can kill the hated “skirt wearer” only if he has arrows and a bow in his hands. Laws in the UK are not repealed - they evolve. No one has canceled this one either. So if an Englishman doesn’t like the loss of his favorite football team, and at that time a man in a kilt with a bow and arrow appears on his horizon, his anger can be taken out legally.
10. British people can have three parents.
In 2015, the UK passed a bill that allows the DNA of three parents to be used to conceive a child, that is, one man and two women. The British were the first in the world to legalize this method of artificial insemination.
The method is truly unique and is aimed at minimizing or even avoiding the development of genetic diseases transmitted to the child from the mother. Of course, there were quite a lot of protests. Great Britain is a religious country, so there were many dissatisfied people who believed that the government was playing God. However, the law was passed and is considered one of the most important steps in the development of technology.
What else to see:
London. Heads and Tails. | Reboot. RUS.
Great Britain is the standard of style and European standard of living and one of the most expensive countries in the world. However, the flow of incoming tourism in Foggy Albion remains very high from year to year.
So what attracts guests to Britain besides branded humor, refined manners and the best music in the world?
The Vipgeo portal has collected the most interesting facts about Great Britain, which are not always known to the average tourist.
Features of the population and mentality
In Great Britain, few people consider themselves exactly British - depending on the province, its population is called English, Scots or Irish. Confusing this can greatly offend a person.
Paradoxically, native Britons consider temporary emigration to another country one of their main goals in life. There are many jokes on this topic that all great British people realize their love for their homeland only in a foreign land.
Most often, residents of large cities, especially London, leave for America. In their opinion, in the New World it is much easier to show their ambitions in business or creativity.
The ongoing migration process in Great Britain over the past half century has significantly changed the ethnic and racial composition of major cities. Now there are many people from Islamic countries and black Britons. English tolerance does not allow anyone’s rights to be infringed upon.
Many British people try to get an education in their homeland, despite a number of difficulties. For example, in order to enter Oxford, it is highly advisable to have recommendations from several preparatory schools, which only accept relatives of those who have already graduated from this prestigious university.
In general, dynasties are one of the foundations of the British social mentality. Opinions about a particular family clan are formed over generations, and reputation for most Englishmen is much more important than short-term gain.
It is considered bad form to visit a British person without an invitation. If the owner of the house has not made an appointment, he can easily slam the door in the face of the uninvited guest.
Personal time and space for the British are sacred. All meetings, including dates, are usually scheduled at least two weeks in advance, or at most a week in advance. If the person invited is more than 10 minutes late, the British person will most likely leave without waiting, regardless of the reasons.
A certain stinginess of the British causes considerable irritation among many European neighbors. For example, it is not customary here to order a lot of food in a restaurant - dinner should be modest, but satisfying.
The tradition of paying the bill in half also comes from Britain. You can treat a friend or girlfriend on a date, but only with his consent, otherwise it may offend a true Anglo-Saxon who is used to earning a living on his own.
The average Briton rarely thinks about family before the age of 25. It is believed that before getting married, future spouses are required to have a successful career and have enough money to buy their own house or apartment.
There are many accents of English in Britain, sometimes the language differs even in different parts of the city.
The British are distinguished by their high resistance to cold; here, until November, children are dressed in skirts with knee socks and short shorts.
If you don't speak English well, they will compliment you that you speak quite well. If you object, they will tell you that their Russian is definitely worse.
The British are almost not interested in politics; they are very surprised by Russian jokes on this topic.
But English humor is quite specific, and it is very difficult for a person of another nationality to understand it.
The British are very polite, they constantly apologize for the smallest offenses. And during the purchase, the seller can thank you up to 7 times.
Added to this good manners is a very strong touchiness - if you do not apologize for an accidental push in transport, you may be told that you are very poorly brought up.
The trademark British sociability is not a myth. The same salesman in a store, before handing out a check, will definitely ask about the mood, discuss the weather and have time to brag about his child’s successes at school.
The British began drinking tea at exactly 5 pm only in the 18th century, almost a century and a half after the first tea was imported from India. This tradition is still inviolable, although it has been transformed in the realities of offices and the modern pace of life.
Pub in London
Funny UK laws
Any image of Queen Elizabeth II should be revered. Even a stamp stuck upside down on a postal envelope may be considered an insult to the crown, and the police will be called.
Any UK citizen who has lived to the age of 65 is entitled to a free roof replacement for their home, regardless of size and regardless of whether they own their own home or not.
In the UK there is a tax on televisions. Before you buy a “box” in an electronics store, you need to take care of purchasing a license to own it. The money received from the sale of licenses goes to the national television support fund.
A person suffering from the plague cannot ride in a London taxi.
In the city of Oxford, women are not allowed to pose nude for artists or photographers. The exception is if the photographer or artist is a woman.
And in Liverpool, a woman who appears in a public place with her breasts exposed can be jailed for several days.
British feminists have won a law according to which the mention of the word “sex” by a stranger in the presence of a woman can be regarded as a mild form of harassment.
Before Christmas, meat pates and sweet pies disappear from the shelves of British shops - the last day of fasting should be observed especially strictly.
Other facts
“Foggy Albion” Great Britain is called not for the “fog” at all, but for the snow-white chalk cliffs and the cliff of Dover, located on the southern coast of the island.
The motto of the French monarchy - "Dieu et mon Droit" ("God and My Right") - is written in French in all official documents. The reason for this tradition is the status of the language as a second state language, which lasted until the 18th century.
The UK still does not have a published Constitution. Throughout the existence of the state, the constitution remains unspoken.
All public schools in the UK have a strict dark blue uniform.
The higher the status of a school in Britain, the more expensive it costs to study, the stricter the rules of conduct. Many private business schools are essentially boarding schools.
Caning for pupils in Britain was only abolished in 1987, and then only after numerous lawsuits and international scandals. English human rights activists managed to achieve a ban on private schools only in 1999.
Swearing in Britain is officially not something terrible or illegal. Even at televised debates they are not always “beeped.” And the print media sometimes quote famous people with all the strong words, while maintaining a refined journalistic style.
In England, separate taps for cold and hot water are still quite common.
Entry to most museums in the country is free. It is believed that the visitor himself will donate as much as he can to the museum.
There are no homeless animals on the streets in Great Britain - special shelters have been created for them.
There are no 24-hour grocery stores in the country - they all close after 10 pm.
Perpetual rain in London is a common myth. The average annual rainfall here is 584 millimeters, which is much less than in Sydney or, for example, Rome. Rains, of course, happen, and sometimes quite suddenly, but they do not last long.
In front of the metro you can always meet a distributor of free newspapers. It is customary to leave these newspapers on the seats so that the next passenger can read them.
Important: Mobile phone reception is still poor on the London Underground. Before descending into the transition, you need to complete an important conversation “on the ground.”
Contrary to popular belief, Big Ben is not the name of the famous tower. Only the bell is called that, and the tower itself is named after St. Stephen.
In 1790, shoelaces were invented in England.
Great Britain is famous for having the longest city names in the world. Eli is the only short name in the entire country, all others are longer than 5 letters.
The most popular city name in Great Britain is Newtown. One and a half hundred cities bear this name.
It was in England that the world's first public zoo was opened. It appeared in 1829 in London.
Great Britain is the only country in the world that has the right not to write its name on a postage stamp. This privilege is given to it as the country that first began to use stamps.
The Irish and English Parliaments still print the acts they pass on calfskin paper.
In the English Pythagorean table, the numbers are arranged not up to 10, but up to 12.
In Scotland, on the Isle of Skye, lives the most tattooed man in the world. He is covered in a leopard pattern all over his body, except for the inside of his ears and the spaces between his toes.
If the USA is the birthplace of rock and roll, then the UK can safely be called the birthplace of punk and heavy metal.
It is difficult to meet a person who has not heard anything about England. Especially now, when there is so much news around the English political situation. But let's put politics aside! Below we present to you 10 facts about England that you might not know.
1 Foggy Albion
How many times have you heard the phrase “Foggy Albion”? We're sure there are a lot. But in reality it is not so foggy. Yes, you can find fog on the islands, but it’s as if it never happened in your city. The climate of England is much milder than in other countries. It is precisely because it is surrounded by water that the temperature does not change as much as on the continent. In summer, the average temperature will not exceed 30 degrees, and it will be difficult to reach this mark (average temperature 26-27 C). And thanks to the rains in the first half of summer, you will not die from the heat.
As for winter, those who like snowy and frosty weather are better off moving closer to the poles. And all because the temperature is unlikely to drop below zero. If here -18 is a normal temperature in winter, then in England this means terrible frost. The average temperature in winter is usually 2-3 degrees Celsius, and snow can only fall around Christmas, and then only a little.
In general, if you decide to move to England, then you don’t have to take thick fur coats with you, but it’s better to stock up on jackets and jeans, because it doesn’t get too hot here either.
Although you can take T-shirts and tank tops with you if you don’t want to stand out from the crowd. The British wear summer clothes until frost sets in. Severe people, you can’t say anything.
2 5 o'clock
Are you familiar with the stereotype that the British always drink tea every day at five o’clock in the evening? Now, this is not entirely true. Yes, the British are madly fond of tea, but they often drink tea after every meal. And yes, they will definitely invite you to have a cup of tea with them, and it will not be very polite on your part to refuse.
As for the tea itself, contrary to popular belief, there is little tasty tea in England. To drink a really good cup of tea, you need to look for a specialized store, because the tea in supermarkets is mostly quite mediocre. And also, contrary to the stereotype, the British do not like tea with milk, and do not drink liters of it. And in general, the question “Should you add milk to your tea?” you will be asked last.
3 Winter in England
By the way, due to the climate (see point 1), lakes and rivers in England do not freeze in winter, so there are many photographs of winter landscapes that look a little unusual, but no less beautiful. And due to the fact that there is little snow, a unique, but no less fabulous atmosphere is created, which all photographers will surely fall in love with.
Well, since we’re talking about snow, 10-15 cm of snow already means that you can safely stay at home. There will be no traffic, you will be told to stay at home, and the city will patiently wait for the snow to melt, because there are no snowplows here and there won’t be any. Just like that.
4 England is a paradise for animals
Queen Elizabeth with her dogs
The British are big animal lovers. You won’t see stray cats or dogs on the streets, and if you do, they will be well-fed, healthy and clean, they are probably regularly looked after by the employees of some cafe where the animal lives, so technically they are not homeless. By the way, back in 1824 the “Society for the Protection of Animals from Cruelty” was created, and it has royal status. So cats and dogs have lived in safety for almost 200 years. By the way, the Society for the Protection of Children in England was created in 1884. Therefore, children in England live in safety. The British have set their priorities.
5 Foxes on the streets of London
Royal fox hunt in England
These animals can be found even in cities. Although they usually live in parks, they go out at night and scare passing cyclists by throwing themselves under their wheels. This is probably how the foxes take revenge on the British for still organizing fox hunts. In the previous paragraph, we said that the people of England are very fond of animals. Well, they love traditions more.
6 Censorship in England
Whatever the case, censorship on English television is all right. She simply doesn't exist. Yes, in the English language obscene expressions have already become the norm and do not cause such violent indignation as among Russian speakers, but if we hear obscene expressions on television - something out of the ordinary, in England they will treat it normally. “The F Word,” as they put it, can be said quite calmly by announcers, especially if a person is being quoted.
7 Polite Englishmen
The stereotypical Englishman is polite, correct and meek. Actually, this has some similarities with reality. The English are really very polite and will apologize, ask for forgiveness or say "please" to everyone at all times. For example, if you pushed a person on the street, or stepped on someone’s foot in transport, they will immediately tell you “Oh, sorry” and in no case will they cause a scandal or look askance. However, don’t be fooled, because it’s not about you. In modern England, “thank you, forgive me, please” are just interjections. They will even apologize to the bedside table if they get caught.
8 A little about languages in England
Unlike Americans, the British are very ashamed of the fact that everyone knows their native language, and they usually only speak English. So, when communicating with a native Englishman, you will probably hear that you speak English very well. But you shouldn't be so proud of yourself. Even if you only say “London is the capital of Great Britain” with a very strong Russian accent, you will still be praised and told that you speak perfect English.
9 Red telephone booth
The same symbol of London as the double-decker bus. However, not everyone knows that before becoming what we know, the booth went through many deformations. Here, for example, is its first version (left) and latest (right):
And here is the same booth from the inside.
Now you have definitely seen everything.
10 “Boxes” in which the British live
This is probably what one could call apartments, pubs (which the British love very much), shops, restaurants, etc. In England everything is so cramped, narrow and tiny that you're about to step on someone's foot, so it's understandable why they apologize so much. If you don’t like being in a crowd or constantly touching some people, then we do not advise you to go to England, because this cannot be avoided there. However, this somehow brings the British together. Strangers can sit next to you if there is an empty seat at your table, and this will not be considered rude. They won't even be interested in you, they just want to sit around.
Speaking of pubs! The British really love them madly, which is why it is in pubs that every evening you can find a huge number of Englishmen relaxing after a hard day with friends.
This is what England is like! We hope you enjoyed this little “trip”.
