It would seem that for any person who has learned to read, there is nothing easier than dividing words into syllables. In practice, it turns out that this is not such an easy task, moreover, in order to correctly complete this task, you need to know some of the nuances. If you think about it, not everyone can even give a clear answer to a simple question: “What is a syllable?”

So what is a syllable?

As you know, every word consists of syllables, which, in turn, consist of letters. However, for a combination of letters to be a syllable, it must necessarily contain one vowel, which in itself can constitute a syllable. It is generally accepted that a syllable is the smallest spoken unit of speech or, more simply, a sound / sound combination pronounced in one breath. For example, the word "I-blo-ko". To pronounce it, you need to exhale three times, which means that this word consists of three syllables.

In our language, one syllable cannot contain more than one vowel. Therefore, how many vowels in a word - so many syllables. Vowels are syllabic sounds (create a syllable), while consonants are non-syllabic (cannot form a syllable).

Theories of the syllable

There are as many as four theories trying to explain what a syllable is.

• exhalation theory. One of the most ancient. According to her, the number of syllables in a word is equal to the number of exhalations made during its pronunciation.
• acoustic theory. It implies that a syllable is a combination of sounds with high and low volume. The vowel is louder, so it is able to both independently form a syllable and attract consonants to itself, like less loud sounds.
• articulatory theory. In this theory, the syllable is presented as the result of muscle tension, which increases towards the vowel and falls towards the consonant.
• Dynamic theory. Explains the syllable as a complex phenomenon influenced by a number of factors listed in previous theories.

It is worth noting that each of the above theories has its drawbacks, however, as well as advantages, and none of them has been able to fully characterize the nature of the concept of "syllable".

Types of syllables

A word can consist of a different number of syllables - from one or more. It all depends on the vowels, for example: “sleep” is one syllable, “sno-vi-de-ni-e” is five. In this category, they are divided into monosyllabic and polysyllabic.

If there is more than one syllable in the composition of the word, then one of them is stressed, and it is called stressed (when pronounced, it is distinguished by the length and strength of the sound), and all the others are unstressed.

Depending on what sound the syllable ends with, they are open (vowel) and closed (consonant). For example, the word "for-water". In this case, the first syllable is open, as it ends in the vowel "a", while the second is closed because it ends in the consonant "d".

How to separate words into syllables?

First of all, it is worth clarifying that the division of words into phonetic syllables does not always coincide with the division for transfer. So, according to the rules of transfer, one letter cannot be separated, even if it is a vowel and is a syllable. However, if the word is divided into syllables, according to the rules of division, then a vowel not surrounded by consonants will make up one full-fledged syllable. For example: in the word “yu-la” there are phonetically two syllables, but this word will not be separated during transfer.

As stated above, there are exactly as many syllables in a word as there are vowels. One vowel sound can act as a syllable, but if it has more than one sound, then such a syllable will necessarily begin with a consonant. The above example - the word "yu-la" - is divided in this way, and not "yul-a". This example demonstrates how the second vowel "a" attracts "l" to itself.

If there are several consonants in a row in the middle of a word, they belong to the next syllable. This rule applies to cases with the same consonants, and to cases with different non-syllabic sounds. The word "o-tcha-i-n" illustrates both options. The letter "a" in the second syllable attracted a combination of different consonants - "tch", and "s" - double "nn". There is one exception to this rule - for unpaired non-syllable sounds. If the voiced consonant (y, l, l, m, m, n, n, p, p) is the first in the letter combination, then it is separated along with the previous vowel. In the word "flask" the letter "n" refers to the first syllable, as it is an unpaired voiced consonant. And in the previous example - “o-tcha-ya-ny” - “n” went to the beginning of the next syllable, according to the general rule, since it was a paired sonorant.

Sometimes letter combinations of consonants in a letter mean several letters, but sound like one sound. In such cases, the division of the word into syllables and the division for hyphenation will be different. Since the combination means one sound, then these letters should not be separated when divided into syllables. However, when transferring such letter combinations are separated. For example, the word “i-zjo-ga” has three syllables, but when transferred, this word will be divided as “izzho-ga”. In addition to the letter combination “zzh”, pronounced as one long sound [zh:], this rule also applies to the combinations “ts” / “ts”, in which “ts” / “ts” sound like [ts]. For example, it is correct to divide “u-chi-tsya” without breaking “ts”, but when transferring, it will be “learn-sya”.

As noted in the previous section, the syllable is open and closed. There are much fewer closed syllables in Russian. As a rule, they are only at the end of the word: "hacker". In rare cases, closed syllables may be in the middle of a word, provided that the syllable ends in an unpaired sonorant: “bag”, but “bu-dka”.

How to separate words for hyphenation

Having dealt with the question of what a syllable is, what types of them are, and how to divide them into them, it is worth paying attention to the rules of word hyphenation. After all, with external similarity, these two processes do not always lead to the same result.

When dividing a word for transfer, the same principles are used as in the usual division into syllables, but it is worth paying attention to a number of nuances.

It is strictly forbidden to tear off one letter from a word, even if it is a syllable-forming vowel. This prohibition also applies to the transfer of a group of consonants without a vowel, with a soft sign or y. For example, “a-ni-me” is divided into syllables like this, but it can only be transferred in this way: “ani-me”. As a result, when transferring, two syllables come out, although in reality there are three.

If two or more consonants are nearby, they can be divided at your discretion: “te-kstu-ra” or “tek-stu-ra”.

With paired consonants between vowels, they are separated, except when these letters are part of the root at the junction with a suffix or prefix: “classes”, but “classy”. The same principle applies to the consonant at the end of the word root before the suffix - of course, it is possible to tear off letters from the root during transfer, but it is undesirable: "Kyiv-sky". Similarly, with regard to the prefix: the last consonant included in its composition cannot be torn off: “under-creep”. If the root begins with a vowel, you can either still separate the prefix itself, or transfer two syllables of the root together with it: “accident-free”, “accident-free”.

Abbreviations cannot be transferred, but compound words can, but only in terms of components.

ABC by syllables

The syllable is of great practical importance in teaching children to read. From the very beginning, students learn letters and syllables, which of them can be combined. And later, from syllables, children learn to gradually build words. At first, children are taught to read words from simple open syllables - “ma”, “mo”, “mu” and the like, and soon the task is complicated. Most primers and manuals devoted to this issue are built according to this technique.

Moreover, especially for the development of the ability to read in syllables, some children's books are published with texts divided into syllables. This facilitates the process of reading and contributes to bringing the ability to recognize syllables to automatism.

In itself, the concept of "syllable" is not yet fully studied subject of linguistics. However, its practical importance is difficult to overestimate. After all, this small part of the word helps not only to learn reading and writing rules, but also helps to understand many grammatical rules. We should also not forget that, thanks to the syllable, there is poetry. After all, the main systems for creating rhymes are based precisely on the properties of this tiny phonetic-phonological unit. And although there are a lot of theories and studies devoted to it, the question of what a syllable is remains open.

The problem of dividing words into syllables in the Russian language is one of the most difficult in modern linguistics and has not been fully resolved. This is due to the lack of a common understanding of the essence of the syllable. The impossibility to fix the signs of a syllable as a whole, the phonetic lack of expression of the border between syllables leads some linguists to the idea that there is no syllable division in the Russian language at all.

Now there are two main theories of syllables: R. I. Avanesova (Moscow Phonological School) and L. V. Shcherba (Leningrad Phonological School). The rules for division into syllables in these two theories are somewhat different. The Leningrad school divides into syllables in the way that is habitual to the ear of a Soviet citizen and as was previously taught in all Russian schools (and therefore its rules are called "old" by the people), while the Moscow one is completely different ("new rules").

But since at the moment none of these schools has refuted the other, the rules of syllable division can be formulated differently in different textbooks, depending on the position of which phonological school the author of the textbook shares.

If earlier we divided words into syllables and transferred these words according to the same rule, we adhered to Shcherba's theory. In Avanesov's theory, these processes are controlled by 2 different rules and the division of a word into syllables often does not coincide with the division into parts of a word (prefix, root, suffix, ending) and with the division of a word for transfer. So, the word cat should be divided into syllables according to Shcherba's theory like this: cat-ka, according to Avanesov's theory like this: cat-shka.

For example, the word calculated divided into morphemes calculated(ras - prefix, count - root; a, nn - suffixes; th - ending).

The same word, when transferred, is divided as follows: calculated.

According to Avanesov, the word is divided into syllables as follows: calculated.

"Old" rules of division into syllables. Leningrad School Shcherba L.V.

1. Words are divided into syllables. There are as many syllables in a word as there are vowels in it.

2. The sound й does not form a syllable; it cannot be separated from the preceding vowel. Example: Lei-ka, May-ka, sing-te, build-ka.

3. You can not tear off the letters b and b from the previous consonant. Example: sit down, strong, porch, entrance.

4. You can not separate the consonant from the vowel following it. It is necessary to divide words into syllables like this: kar-tin-ka, re-bya-ta, ka-lit-ka, la-ger.

5. If there are 2 consonants in a row in a word, the syllable division passes between them. If there are more than 2 consonants in a row, the syllable section actually goes in the way that is more convenient to pronounce. Examples: holiday - day, sun.

"New" rules for dividing words into syllables in the Russian language (Moscow school. Litnevskaya E.I. Russian language: A short theoretical course for schoolchildren. M., 2006)

1. There are as many syllables in a word as there are vowels; two vowels cannot be within the same syllable.

A syllable is one sound or several sounds pronounced with one expiratory push of air: vo-yes, na-y-ka. Consonants are non-syllabic. When pronouncing a word, consonants "stretch" to vowels, forming a syllable together with vowels.

2. The syllable may consist of one sound (and then it is necessarily a vowel) or several sounds (in this case, in addition to the vowel, there is a consonant or a group of consonants in the syllable): rim - o-bo-doc; country - country; night light - night light; miniature - mi-ni-a-tu-ra.

3. Syllables are open and closed.

An open syllable ends in a vowel sound: water, country.

A closed syllable ends in a consonant: sleep, liner.

There are more open syllables in Russian. Closed syllables are usually observed at the end of a word: no-chnik (the first syllable is open, the second is closed), o-bo-dok (the first two syllables are open, the third is closed).

In the middle of a word, a syllable, as a rule, ends in a vowel sound, and a consonant or a group of consonants after a vowel usually goes to the next syllable: no-chnik, announcer.

In the middle of a word, closed syllables can form only unpaired voiced consonants [th], [p], [p'], [l], [l'], [m], [m'], [n], [n'] (sonorous): may-ka, Sonya-ka, so-scrap-ka.

4. Sometimes two consonants can be written in a word, and one sound, for example: get rid of [izh: yt ']. Therefore, in this case, two syllables are distinguished: and-to live. The division into parts from-live corresponds to the rules of word hyphenation, and not to division into syllables.

The same can be traced on the example of the verb to leave, in which the combination of consonants zzh sounds like one sound [zh:]; therefore, the division into syllables will be - y-e-give, and the division of the word for transfer - leave-reap.

Especially often errors are observed when syllables are distinguished from forms of verbs ending in -tsya, -tsya. The division curl-sya, presses-sya is a division into parts for transfer, and not a division into syllables, since in such forms the combination of letters ts, ts sounds like one sound [ts]. When dividing into syllables, the combinations of the letters ts, ts go entirely to the next syllable: vi-tsya, zhmo-tsya.

5. When combining several consonants in the middle of a word:

Two identical consonants necessarily go to the next syllable: o-leak, yes;

Two or more consonants usually go to the next syllable: sha-pka, equal.
The exception is combinations of consonants in which the first is an unpaired voiced (sonorant): the letters p, p, l, l, m, m, n, n: mar-ka, dawn-ka, bul-ka, stel-ka, lady- ka, ban-ka, ban-ka. That is, if a sonorous consonant is followed by a paired consonant in deafness / voicedness, the syllable boundary passes between them. Example: Spar-so.

If after й any other consonant follows, the syllable boundary passes between them: lay-ka, lay-ner.

To summarize the rule more intelligibly:

Words are "chopped" into syllables after each vowel. How many vowels, so many syllables.

BUT: if after the vowel there are p, p, l, l, m, m, n, n and behind them there is also a paired consonant, they (sonor and sonorant with b) go to the previous syllable; if after й there is any other consonant, й departs to the previous syllable.

If these consonants are 2 identical (nn, mm, ll ..., 2 any sonorous, paired, first paired then unpaired), they go to the next syllable.

In order not to get confused, refresh your head and transfer rules >>

How to determine how many syllables are in a word? There are as many syllables in a word as there are vowels in it.

Examples of words with one syllable: sound, wolf, class, goose, hedgehog, elephant, beetle, spruce, beast, snake, table, mushroom, leaf, door, chair, house, elk, speech, stump, bison, cat, edge.
Examples of words with two syllables: answer, vowel, bear, pit, stork, lesson, language, hare, hares, anchor, hedgehog, autumn, spinning top, walnut, snake, fox, hawk, friends, kettle, squirrel, wasp, long, blow, Russian, window, Yura, watermelon, seagull, iron, willow, Christmas tree, notebook, carrot, fire, duck, skates, ear, school, bee, fly, June, box, blizzard, hoarfrost, boy, glass, days, fairy tale, blizzard, Julia, Yasha, deer, sun, family.
Words with 3 syllables: teacher, cucumber, harvest, berry, what, apple, vegetables, sparrow, consonant, parrot, student, shock, trees, pencil, Maria, alphabet, butterfly, line, saucepan, Russia, large, copybook, alley, Christmas tree.
Words with four syllables: monkey, bicycle, acacia.
Words with 5 syllables: stress, mathematics, literature, white-headed.

Shall we practice dividing into syllables?

How many syllables are in the word sound? 1 vowel means 1 syllable sound.

How many syllables are in the word CUCUMBER? 3 vowels means 3 syllables: o|gu|rets, the word is divided into syllables equally according to the "old" and "new" rules.

How many syllables are in the word teacher? 3 vowels, means 3 syllables: u|chi|tel, the word is divided into syllables equally according to the "old" and "new" rules.

How many syllables are in the word ANSWER? 2 vowels means 2 syllables. According to Shcherba's theory, we divide into syllables as an answer, according to Avanesov, an answer.

How many syllables are in the word vowel? 2 vowels means 2 syllables. According to Shcherba we divide the vowel, according to Avanesov we divide the vowel.

We will be happy to help you divide any word into syllables. Ask your questions in the comments.

picture from 345-games.ru

How to break a word into syllables

1. In Russian, there are sounds that are different in audibility: vowels are more sonorous compared to consonants. It is vowels that form syllables, are syllable-forming.

A syllable is one sound or several sounds pronounced with one expiratory push of air: wow, wow.

There are as many syllables in a word as there are vowels..

Consonants are non-syllabic. When pronouncing a word, consonants "stretch" to vowels, forming a syllable together with vowels.

2. A syllable can consist of one sound(and then it must be a vowel) or more sounds(in this case, in addition to the vowel, there is a consonant or a group of consonants in the syllable): rim - o-bo-doc; country - country; night light - night light; miniature - mi-ni-a-tu-ra.

If a syllable consists of two or more sounds, then it must begin with a consonant..

3. Syllables are open and closed.

An open syllable ends in a vowel sound: water, country.
A closed syllable ends in a consonant: sleep, liner.
There are more open syllables in Russian. Closed syllables are usually observed at the end of a word: no-chnik (the first syllable is open, the second is closed), o-bo-dok (the first two syllables are open, the third is closed).

In the middle of a word, a syllable, as a rule, ends in a vowel sound, and a consonant or a group of consonants after a vowel usually goes to the next syllable: no-chnik, announcer.

In the middle of a word, closed syllables can form only unpaired voiced consonants [th], [p], [p'], [l], [l'], [m], [m'], [n], [n'] (sonorous): may-ka, Sonya-ka, so-scrap-ka.

4. Sometimes two consonants can be written in a word, but one sound, for example: to get rid of [izh: yt ']. Therefore, in this case, two syllables are distinguished: and-to live. The division into parts from-live corresponds to the rules of word hyphenation, and not to division into syllables.
The same can be traced on the example of the verb to leave, in which the combination of consonants zzh sounds like one sound [zh:]; therefore, the division into syllables will be - u-e-give, and the division of the word for transfer - leave-reap.

Especially often errors are observed when syllables are distinguished from forms of verbs ending in -tsya, -tsya.
The division curl-sya, presses-sya is a division into parts for transfer, and not a division into syllables, since in such forms the combination of letters ts, ts sounds like one sound [ts].

When dividing into syllables, the combinations of the letters ts, ts go entirely to the next syllable: vi-tsya, zhmo-tsya.

5. When combining several consonants in the middle of a word: two identical consonants necessarily go to the next syllable: o-leak, yes; two or more consonants usually go to the next syllable: sha-pka, equal. The exception is consonant combinations in which the first is an unpaired voiced (sonorant): the letters p, p, l, l, m, m, n, n, y: mark-ka, dawn-ka, bul-ka, stel-ka, lady-ka, ban-ka, ban-ka, lay-ka.

Break a word into syllables online

How to transfer a word - online hint for schoolchildren

1. You cannot transfer one vowel to another line.
A-katsiya, police-I.

2. You cannot transfer to another line a part of a word that does not make up a syllable.
St-royka, view, wear.

• Speak in sentences, clearly express your desires, conduct a simple dialogue.
• Know letters, it is desirable to recognize vowels and consonants.
• Be able to count to at least 5.
• Know the spatial concepts of "right" and "left".

If your child has speech impairments, you should definitely consult with a speech therapist. The specialist will indicate which classes to pay special attention to in order to avoid problems in the future associated with violations of the syllabic structure of words.

The division of words into syllables begins before learning to read by syllables. First, children are introduced to the concept of "word". Each item has its own name. Children practice to name different words. Then a graphic designation of the word is introduced in the form of a bar or a rectangle. When children master syllables, they are separated by dashes in accordance with the number. The word is divided into vowels and consonants, as well as a stressed syllable.

Syllables are open and closed. Open ones look like consonant + vowel, closed ones look like vowel + consonant. Children can explain it this way:

“Out in the open air freely: MAAA, LOOO, NUUU. We seem to be breathing. In a closed air meets an obstacle - lips, tongue or teeth. Therefore, it abruptly breaks off, as if closing, - AM, OH, IL.

When explaining the principle of division into syllables, the technique of substituting the palm under the chin is used. How many times the chin falls, so many syllables in the word.

Confident reading children can determine the number of syllables by the number of vowels.

Why divide words into syllables

Dividing words into syllables makes it easier to learn to read. Even adults, when they come across an unfamiliar word, mentally read it syllable by syllable. Dividing words into syllables for preschoolers is a way to better understand the phonetic structure of speech. This skill will help in the future to do a phonetic analysis of words in Russian lessons.

The division into syllables is also needed in Russian lessons in the topic "Word Transfer". Children who have poorly learned syllables encounter errors when they leave consonants on a line.

A syllable can consist of a vowel or a vowel and one or more consonants.

To teach a child to divide into syllables, you need to use visual methods: cards with syllables, didactic games and simulators.

Preschoolers really like classes with cartoon characters and fairy-tale characters. If the tasks are given not by the parent, but by Peppa Pig, the classes will be livelier.

Division into syllables for preschoolers

Cards with syllables

It is convenient to use a large cash register of syllables. The necessary letters are inserted into the pockets, resulting in syllables. Cards can be purchased as a set, or you can make your own. Of particular interest to the baby will be cards made jointly. The division of a word into syllables for preschoolers is easier to digest if it is competent and interesting to organize classes.

Exercises with cards

1. An adult shows the syllable BA, invites the child to read and answer the question whether it is a word. It's not a word because it doesn't mean anything. Then the syllable RAS is taken. They also read it and find out that this construction is not a word. Next, the adult puts the syllables BA and RAS next to each other. The kid reads the syllables, and the word "ram" is obtained. It is useful to supplement the task with an appropriate picture.

2. The child is given an odd number of syllables on the cards - so that at least four of them can be combined into words. Start with five cards. Example - NOT, BO, KOSH, KA, RU. First, the preschooler reads the syllables. Then the adult takes the syllable with which any of the words begins, and offers to pick up the syllable of the “lost friend”.

3. An adult prepares a few words in advance. He calls the beginning of the word, the child must find the continuation on the cards. You need to start with two or three syllables so that the baby does not get confused. The reverse option - an adult shows a syllable on a card, and a preschooler thinks out the ending.

4. An adult lays out two words using syllables, and the syllables are mixed up: KOSH-BA, RY-KA. The child is invited to return the “lost” syllables to their own words.

Didactic games

1. An adult writes syllables, short words and consonant combinations on a piece of paper (PRS, PA, CAT, KI, KIT, KOSH, etc.). The kid is invited to find the syllables and paint them over with a green pencil. To diversify the game, you can offer to find words.

2. Playing with a ball. An adult calls the syllable - RU - and throws the ball. The child catches and invents a sequel.

3. Write words on strips of paper. The preschooler reads them, then, together with the adult, divides them into syllables. After the word is cut with scissors into syllables. A variant of the task is to assemble the words back from the chopped syllables.

4. Slapping syllables. This is a well-known and effective method for teaching syllable division. For each syllable, you need to clap your hands or stomp your foot. For active children, you can divide words into syllables using jumps. A favorite toy or ball can also jump.

5. An adult calls a word from one syllable: cat, catfish, ball, leaf. The child must name the word in a diminutive form: cat, ball, leaf. In this case, you need to determine the number of syllables in a word using the palm under the chin or clapping.

Games on the syllabic structure of a word for children are of increased interest and contribute to the consolidation of the material.

simulators

There are programs adapted for preschoolers and younger students to train the skill of dividing into syllables. They can be purchased in stores, some download. The simplest ones can be used online.

Tasks in simulators are usually similar to exercises with cards. You can move the syllables with the mouse, make words out of them, choose between a syllable and a word, etc.

It is better not to use simulators at the initial stage of training. It is more appropriate to include them in classes when the child clearly understands the principle of division into syllables.

Children really like interactive tasks on the computer. Many modern school textbooks are equipped with a task disk. You can take from there simple exercises that are feasible for preschoolers.

The simulator "Dividing words into syllables for children" will help diversify classes with a preschooler and consolidate the knowledge gained.

Rules for division into syllables

The education system has changed a lot in recent years. There were other requirements for the school curriculum.

The rules for dividing words into syllables have changed somewhat since modern parents of the 80s and 90s were born in elementary school.

1. A syllable begins with a consonant sound if it contains several letters. Examples: CAR-TI-NA, TVO-ROG, SUB-STAV-KA. The exception is the letter Y. It belongs to the previous syllable: RAY-ON, REI-KA, MAY-KA.

2. Voiced sonorant consonants and Y refer to the first syllable when dividing: GAL-KA, SKAL-KA, TUM-BA.

3. Deaf, voiced non-sonorous and hissing sounds belong to the second syllable: SHA-PKA, SHI-SHKA, MI-SHKA.

4. Double consonants pass into the second syllable: TOR-GEST-VE-NNY, LONG, A-KKU-RAT-NY. However, for the transfer, the old division rule was preserved: CEREMONIAL, LONG, AK-KURATNY.

Preschoolers who are learning to read do not need to be taught these rules in detail.

An adult must know these rules himself and correct the child if he is mistaken. Children will remember most of the words and will automatically divide them correctly. At school, in the appropriate lessons, the teacher will explain the rules for dividing into syllables.

Regular exercise at home, combined with activities in kindergarten, will facilitate later schooling.

Words are divided into syllables. Syllable- this is one sound or several sounds uttered by one expiratory push of air.

Wed: wow, wow.

1. In Russian, there are sounds that are different in audibility: vowels are more sonorous compared to consonants.

Exactly vowels form syllables, are syllable-forming.

Consonants are non-syllable. When pronouncing a word, consonants "stretch" to vowels, forming a syllable together with vowels.

2. A syllable can consist of one sound (and then it is necessarily a vowel!) or several sounds (in this case, in addition to the vowel, the syllable has a consonant or a group of consonants).

Rim - o-bo-dock; country - country; night light - night light; miniature - mi-ni-a-tu-ra.

3. Syllables are open and closed.

open syllable ends in a vowel sound.

Yes, country.

Closed syllable ends in a consonant.

Sleep, liner.

There are more open syllables in Russian. Closed syllables are usually seen at the end of a word.

Wed: night-timer(the first syllable is open, the second is closed), oh-bo-doc(the first two syllables are open, the third is closed).

In the middle of a word, a syllable usually ends in a vowel, and a consonant or group of consonants after a vowel usually goes to the next syllable!

Night-timer, tell me, announcer.

Note!

Sometimes two consonants can be written in a word, and one sound, for example: get rid of[izh: yt ']. Therefore, in this case, two syllables are distinguished: and-live.
Division into parts out-live complies with the rules of word hyphenation, not division into syllables!

The same can be seen in the example of the verb leave, in which the combination of consonants zzh sounds like one sound [zh:]; so the division into syllables will be - leave, and division into parts for transfer - leave.

Especially often errors are observed when syllables are distinguished from verb forms ending in -tsya, -tsya.

• Division twist-sya, presses-sya is a division into parts for transfer, and not a division into syllables, since in such forms the combination of letters ts, ts sounds like one sound [ts].


• When dividing into syllables, combinations of the letters ts, ts go entirely to the next syllable: see, wait.

In the middle of a word, closed syllables can form only unpaired voiced consonants: [j], [p], [p '], [l], [l '], [m], [m '], [n], [n ' ].

May-ka, Sonya-ka, co-scrap-ka.

Note!

When combining several consonants in the middle of a word:

1) Two identical consonants necessarily go to the next syllable.

Oh-tt go, yes-nn.

2) Two or more consonants usually go to the next syllable.

Sha-pk a, ra-vn th.

An exception make up combinations of consonants in which the first is an unpaired voiced (letters p, p, l, l, m, m, n, n, d).

Mar-ka, dawn-ka, bul-ka, stel-ka, lady-ka, ban-ka, ban-ka, lay-ka.

4. The division into syllables often does not coincide with the division into parts of the word (prefix, root, suffix, ending) and with the division of the word into parts during transfer.

For example, the word calculated is divided into morphemes calculated (races- prefix, counts- root; a, n- suffixes; th- ending).
The same word, when transferred, is divided as follows: calculated.
The word is divided into syllables as follows: calculated.

Word hyphenation rules	Examples
1. As a rule, words are carried by syllables. The letters ъ, ь, й are not separated from the previous letters.	Razj-ride, blue-ka, my-ka.
2. You can not transfer or leave one letter on a line, even if it denotes a syllable.	Oh bo-doc; words autumn, name cannot be split for transfer.
3. When transferring, you cannot tear off the final consonant from the prefix.	From - flow, once - pour.
4. When transferring, you cannot tear off the first consonant from the root.	Po-to rip, pri-to rip.
5. When hyphenating words with double consonants, one letter remains on the line, while the other is hyphenated.	Ran-n-y, ter-r-or, van-n-a.
6. The letter s after the prefix must not be torn off from the root, but the part of the word that begins with the letter s should not be transferred.	Times - say.