TEST ON THE TOPIC "MAN" IN THE FORMAT OF THE USE

1 . Write down the missing word in the table.

NATURE OF ACTIVITY

MANIFESTATION

Conscious

Setting goals and anticipating results

...

Changing the environment and yourself

2 .Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts of the series below. Write down this word (phrase).

1) need 2) installation 3) persuasion 4) motive

5) ideal 6) interest 7) ​​emotion

3. What are the two main aspects that make up the essence of a person:

1) class 2) biological 3) space

4) Social 5) economic 6) mystical

4 . Find a concept that generalizes to all the other concepts in the series below. Write down this word (phrase).

1) the biological nature of man 2) instinctive behavior

3) physiological needs 4) physical development

5) age-related features of the development of the psyche

5. Find the characteristics of a person in the list below.

1) a biological being 2) consciously puts forward the goals of activity

3) lives among his own kind 4) has the ability to be creative

5) produces tools 6) has innate instincts

6 . Below are the names of the needs. All of them, with the exception of two, are the natural needs of man. Find two terms that "drop out" of the general series

1) biological 2) physiological 3) social

4) organic 5) natural 6) aesthetic

7. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, are the social qualities of a person. Find two terms that "drop out" of the general series.

1) decency 2) ingenuity 3) law-abiding

4) industriousness 5) erudition 6) speed of reactions

8. Establish a correspondence between the manifestations of human qualities and the nature of these qualities.

MANIFESTATIONS OF HUMAN QUALITIES

NATURE OF QUALITIES

A) the ability to procreate

B) the ability to adapt to the conditions of the natural environment

B) the ability to accumulate knowledge and work skills

D) the ability to see the purpose of their actions

D) the ability to evaluate oneself and others

1) social

2) biological

9. Find examples of social needs in the list below and circle the numbers below.

1) knowledge 2) education 3) communication with other people

4) self-expression 5) self-preservation 6) achieving a certain status

10. Establish a correspondence between distinctive features and activities.

DIFFERENTIAL FEATURE

KIND OF ACTIVITY

A) the transformation of nature and society

B) focus on creating various benefits

C) the formation of knowledge and skills, the development of thinking

D) the incentive motive lies in the process of activity

E) all funds are aimed at changing the subject of activity

1) labor

2) game

3) study

11 . Choose among the proposed social facts containing the manifestation of the most important social needs of the individual.

1) In the work collective where the graduate of an economic university came, at first it was not easy for her, many issues differed significantly from university knowledge, but more experienced senior colleagues helped her to get up to speed with their advice.

2) For a young man, his social circle, friends and girlfriends are extremely important, sometimes you can discuss with them what you can’t discuss with either parents or teachers.

3) The young man has succeeded in the tourism business, having created a large company specializing in the field of extreme tourism, but now he is more concerned about the fame of a patron of young talents; he recently established a scholarship for young scientists.

4) Every last Saturday of the month, the professor dedicates a trip to the conservatory to chamber music concerts.

5) Each person needs to maintain the thermal balance of the body, so in winter we put on mittens, warm boots and jackets.

12. Ivan completed a task on the topic: "Man as a result of biological and socio-cultural evolution." He wrote out from the textbook the traits characteristic of a person. Which of them reflect the specifics of the social nature of man, in contrast to the animal?

1) the ability to set goals 2) the use of objects given by nature

3) care for offspring 4) adaptation to environmental conditions

5) the desire to understand the world around us 6) communication through articulate speech

13. Find the properties of a person in the list below, I revealgiving its social nature.

1) The desire for self-realization 2)Ability to adapt to natural conditions

3) The need for water, food, rest 4) Persistent views of the world and one's place in it

5) The ability to self-preservation6) Ability for transformative activity

14 .Establish a correspondence between the types of activities given in the lanefirst column, and their characteristics given in the second.

CHARACTERISTIC

ACTIVITIES

A. Activity in an imaginary situation

1. Labor

B. Practical usefulness

2. Teaching

B. Focus on learning

3. Game

D. Replacing real objects with conditional ones

D. Transformative Orientation

15 .Find in the list below the traits inherent in creativitychesky activity.

1) Availability for use 2) Uniqueness 3) Practical significance

4) Sample reproducibility 5) Fundamental novelty

16 .Establish a correspondence between concepts and characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT

A) a person who actively masters and purposefully 1) an individual

transforming nature, society and oneself 2) individuality

B) a single representative of the entire human race 3) personality

C) a person in the complex of his unique unique properties

D) a person capable of consciously and responsibly making choices

17. Determine correctly the agents of primary and secondary socialization of the individual.

Agents

Socialization

BUT) family, parents,

primary

B) school administration

secondary

B) friends, peers

G) army

D) church

E) teachers, trainers

18 .Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.

(BUT) Man is a biosocial being.(B) Both man and animal have a nervous system, they are able to sense and perceive the surrounding reality.(AT) But unlike animals, man has abstract thinking and is able to realize the goals of his activity and foresee its results. (G) It can be stated that thanks to this, man has risen above all living organisms and subjugated nature.(D) All human actions are thought out and aimed at further strengthening his position as the “king of nature”.

Determine which provisions of the text are worn

1) factual nature 2) nature of value judgments 3) theoretical nature

19. Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps. .

"Man is_______(BUT) unity. Mechanism_____(B), which determines the biological side of a person, also affects his social essence. The newborn is the owner_______(AT) for imitation and learning. Thus, the child is born precisely as a human being. Although he still needs to learn how to become a man. It introduces into the world of people______(G), through which the human psyche, its social______(D).

For example, a person has fingers obedient to his will; he can take a brush, paints and start painting. But that doesn't make him a real painter. It's the same with consciousness. Conscious mental phenomena are formed in vivo as a result of education, training, active mastery_______(E), world of culture."

List of terms:

1) ability 2) biosocial 3) behavior 4) individual 5) need

6) language 7) heredity 8) communication 9) emotional

20 . Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“When they want to characterize a person, they often talk about him as a person,

how about individuality. In psychology, these concepts are different. (BUT) ___ - this is a specific person, in all the originality of his physical and physiological qualities and properties, i.e. features. When it comes to socially significant qualities, the concept is used___ (B). In psychology, the concept of "personality" is most often used in two main meanings. First, a person is any person who has____ (AT). Other psychologists emphasize that a person should be called a person who has reached a certain level of mental development. This level is characterized by the fact that____ (G) a person begins to perceive and experience himself as a whole, different from other people and expressed in the concept of "I". A necessary characteristic of a person is his___ (D). A person at this level of development is able to influence____ (E), change it for your own purposes, and also change yourself for your own purposes.

1) subject 2) personality 3) surrounding reality

4) consciousness 5) activity 6) object

7) social 8) individuality 9) self-knowledge

Part C assignments

Read the text and do the tasks for it.

It seems to me that those who are horrified by the development of technology do not notice the difference between a means and an end. ... the car is not the target. The plane is not a target, it is just a tool. The same tool as the plow. ... Reveling in our successes, we served progress - we laid railroads, built factories, drilled oil wells. And somehow they forgot that all this was created in order to serve people.

Even a machine, becoming more perfect, does its job more modestly and inconspicuously. It seems that all the labors of a man - the creator of machines, all his calculations, all sleepless nights over drawings only manifest themselves in external simplicity; as if the experience of many generations was needed to make the column, the keel of the ship or the fuselage of the aircraft become slimmer and more precise, until they finally gained their original purity and smoothness of lines ... It seems that the work of engineers, draftsmen, designers comes down to this, to polish and to smooth, to lighten and simplify the attachment mechanism, to balance the wing, to make it invisible - no longer a wing attached to the fuselage, but a certain perfection of forms, naturally developed from a kidney, a mysteriously fused and harmonious unity, which is akin to a beautiful poem. As you can see, perfection is achieved not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away. A machine at the limit of its development is no longer a machine.

So, according to the invention, brought to perfection, it is not visible how it was created. In the simplest tools of labor, the visible signs of the mechanism were gradually erased, and in our hands we found an object, as if created by nature itself, like pebbles turned by the sea; the car is also remarkable in the same way - using it, you gradually forget about it.

A. de Saint-Exupery. planet of people

21 . Find in the text any three examples of the transformational activity of people.

22. Point out and illustrate with the help of this text any two distinctive features of human activity.

23 . Can the process of people's labor in creating machines captured in the document be considered creative? Justify your answer with the text. Define creative activity.

24. What is the ultimate goal of human transformative activity, in the opinion of the author and in your opinion? Justify both answers.

25 . The human child at the time of birth, aptlyA. Pierona, not a man, but only a "candidate for a man." Explainwhat did A. Pieron mean when he called the child a “candidate in humanka"? Formulate three judgments.

26. It is known that the behavior of an animal in its main features is geneticallyski is programmed. As a result of social history, many human instincts have been shaken and erased. By expressionA. Pieron, “humanity has been freed from despotism hereditarilysti". What is the manifestation of man's freedom from "despotism of responsibility"?nosti"? Formulate at least three statements.

Essay topics:

1) "A person outside of society is either a god or a beast."(Aristotle)

2) “If a person has a “why” to live, he can withstand any"how".(F. Nietzsche)

3) "Man is a fundamental novelty in nature."(N. Berdyaev)

4) “Man is not a thing, but a living being, which can be understood only in the long process of its development. At any moment of his life, he is not yet what he can become, and what he may yet become.(E. Fromm )

Answers:

1. transformative

2. 4

3. 24

4. 1

5. 245

6. 36

7. 26

8. 11222

9. 346

10. 11321

11. 12

12. 156

13. 146

14. 31231

15. 25

16. 3123

17. 121221

18. 3 1122

19. 271836

20. 24953.

21.

Railroads were laid

They built factories

Drilled oil wells

22 .herty of human activity, such as:

expediency,practical usefulness, availability of results;

Conscious, productive, transformative, social character of activity.

23.

Argument: the emergence of a new, more perfect quality of rethe results of human labor;

Creative activity - as an activity, inas a result of which something new, which did not exist before, appears.

24 . The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) The goal of transformative activity, according to the author, is "serving people." "All this was created in order to serve people."

Transformative activities are aimed at meeting the fundamental needs of people.

2.) The purpose of the transformative activity in the opinion of the student and its justification.

Transformative human activity is associated with the creation of things and material values ​​necessary to meet the needs of people.

25. The correct answer may contain the following statements, for example:

Man is a social, social, and not just biological being;

The concepts of individual - individuality - personality are different aspects of considering the problem of "human", they areare different;

A person becomes a personality in the process of socialization (upbringing,learning, communication with their own kind);outside of society - communication with their own kind, development of thinking, speechimpossible.

26 . The correct answer may contain the following statements:

Man is a social and conscious being;

Unlike an animal, it has goal-setting;a person's ability to be creative is not hereditary;a person is able to consciously control his instincts.

Note:

This version of the back test is compiled in the USE format. The test presents those tasks which may contain questions on this topic.

Detailed answers with explanations are given, as well as abstracts of essays (task No. 29) about goal-setting, needs, and public opinion. The material will help in preparing for the exam.

Quotes (task number 29):

• (L.N. Tolstoy)
• .(I.W. Goethe)
• .(B.Pascal)

Part 1

The answers to tasks 1–20 are

a word (phrase) or a sequence of numbers. Write your answers in the answer boxes in the text of the work, and then transfer them to the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of

numbers of the corresponding tasks, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters. Write each character in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

1

Write down the missing word in the table.

Characteristics of the forms of spiritual culture

Answer:

Correct answer

social

2

In the row below, find the concept that is generalizing for all the other concepts presented. Write down this word.

material, cognitive, activity, socially transformative, value-oriented, prognostic

Answer:

Correct answer

activity

3

Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two,

indicate the structure of the activity.

1) purpose; 2) abilities; 3) means); 4) result; 5) subject; 6) skills.

Find two terms that “fall out” of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

Answer:

Correct answer

Explanation.

Recall the structure of activity, that is, its components: motive, goal, means and methods, actions, result. Subject and object of activity.

4

Choose the correct judgments about the person and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) is formed in the process of socialization;

2) can exist outside of society;

3) the basis of the social qualities of the individual - inclinations;

4) has the ability to be responsible for his actions and deeds;

5) a newborn person is already a person.

Answer:

Correct answer

Explanation.

1) is formed in the process of socialization ( Yes);

2) can exist outside of society ( No, only in society does a person become personality, that is, acquires socially significant features that help him live among people).

3) the basis of the social qualities of the individual - the makings ( No, these are natural qualities, but they, of course, can only develop in society)

4) has the ability to be responsible for his actions and deeds ( Yes)

5) a newborn person is already a person ( No, this is person, individual, but not a person, he still cannot communicate, be responsible for his actions, etc.)

5

Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features and the types of society that they illustrate: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Write in the table the selected numbers under the corresponding letters.

BUT

B

AT

G

D

Correct answer

6

The composer has created a new work. What facts characterize his activity as creative? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) pattern making

2) standardization of actions and techniques

3) combination, variation of various methods of activity

4) brightness, unusualness of the created work

5) creating a new work

6) the use of techniques and methods that did not previously exist

Answer:

Correct answer

Explanation.

Creative activity is the creation of something new by a person, not according to the standard and model. Therefore, numbers 1 and 2 are incorrect.

20

Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“It is human nature to desire to satisfy one's ____ (A). To do this, he needs to engage in _____ (B). The key to its success is _____ (B), which can be improved throughout life. The highest degree of their development is _____ (D). It is impossible without natural ______ (D), the development of which leads to high results. Only ______(E) is able to create something valuable for themselves and society.

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once.

Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

List of terms:

1) genius

2) giftedness

3) creativity

4) ability

5)needs

6) personality

7) activity

8) makings

9) individuality

The table below lists the letters that represent the missing words. Write in the table under each letter the number of the word you have chosen.

BUT

B

AT

G

D

E

Correct answer

Part 2

To write down the answers to the tasks of this part (21–29), use the ANSWER FORM No. 2. First write down the task number (21, 22, etc.), and then the detailed answer to it. Write your answers clearly and legibly.

Read the text and do tasks 21-24.

For a correct understanding of a person's personality, it is necessary to consider the broader context in which it exists. A person is connected with the world around him by a system of diverse relationships and connections. In the system of these connections, a person is also studied as a natural individual with an inherent development program and a certain range variability, and as the subject and object of historical development - the individual, and as the main productive force of society - the subject of labor, knowledge and communication, which emphasizes its integral nature. Man also appears as an individual. If we want to understand a person, his appearance and behavior as a holistic and integral formation, we must study him both as an individual, and as a subject, and as a person, and, finally, as an individual, any opposition, and even more so ignoring or exaggerating one of these parameters person is unacceptable. It is unacceptable insofar as otherwise the idea of ​​human psychology as an integral entity will be deformed. (Based on the book by V.A. Averin "Psychology of Personality")

21 How, according to the author, is it necessary to consider a personality in the process of studying it? How does the author explain this approach?

Answer:

22 Name three approaches to the study of personality, named in the text. Attracting social science knowledge, facts of social life, name another one, not indicated in the text

Answer:

Correct answer

The text names three approaches to the study of personality:

- consideration of the personality as a natural individual;

- as a subject and object of historical development;

as the main productive force of society.

We can name another aspect of the study of personality - the study of agents of the first and second socialization.

23 What three sides of the study of personality does the author name? Using the facts of public life and personal social experience, give an example of how study of one of these aspects.

Answer:

Correct answer

- as an individual

- as an individual

- as a personality, with its inherent features.

So, studying a personality as an individuality, its biological features (thinking, temperament, etc.), its character, the level of formation of moral qualities, responsibility for deeds and actions are considered. All this allows you to study the personality in all its individual originality and originality.

24 Using the text and social science knowledge, give three explanations the idea expressed in the text that " in the process of studying it.

Answer:

Correct answer

«… it is unacceptable to ignore or exaggerate one of the parameters of a person" in the process of studying it. Three explanations:

- it is impossible to understand a person without studying the features of his individuality - a view of the world, ideals, values, the purpose of life, etc.;

- a person is a social being, therefore, studying him, personal qualities formed in society are considered;

- finally, a person is an individual, a single representative of the human race, therefore, studying him from this point of view, generalized features that are characteristic of all people are considered.

Conclusion: the study of man should be carried out comprehensively.

25 What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept "capabilities"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about ability levels, and one sentence revealing the features of one of these ability levels.

Answer:

Correct answer

Abilities are the qualities of a person that allow him to successfully perform any activity. Allocate levels of abilities: giftedness, talent, genius. Genius is highly developed abilities backed up by natural inclinations; genius is characterized by the creation of a new law, a direction in art, a school, etc., that did not previously exist in society.

26 Name and illustrate any three personality traits.

Answer:

Correct answer

Personality Features:

1. Ability to work (Sergey - car repairman);
2. Ability to communicate (Anna and Irina discussed how they spoke at the conference);
3. Responsibility for actions and deeds (the head of the company N., working on the modernization of production, offered the dismissed employees vacancies in firms, giving everyone a recommendation for a new employer).

27

Literary critic V. G. Belinsky wrote:

“Without a goal there is no activity, without interests there is no goal, and without activity there is no life.”

What feature of human activity did V. G. Belinsky write about?

What, according to critics, is the role of activity in human life?

Using social science knowledge, indicate any three types of human activity.

Answer:

Correct answer

VG Belinsky wrote about such a personality trait as the ability to set goals.

According to the critic, activity is the basis of human life.

Activities:

— social

- production

- cognitive.

28 You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic "Man is a biosocial being." Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.

Answer:

Correct answer

Man is a biosocial being.

Plan.

1. The concept of man as a biosocial being.
2. Biological in man:

• the instinct of self-preservation
• maternal instinct
• procreation instinct
• physiological needs.

3.Social in a person:

• ability to communicate
• ability to work
• goal setting, etc.

4. The need to take into account the social and biological in a person in the formation of his personality.

By completing task 29, you can show your knowledge and skills on the content that is more attractive to you. For this purpose, choose only ONE of the statements below (29.1–29.5).

29

Choose one of the statements below, reveal its meaning in the form of a mini-essay, indicating, if necessary, different aspects of the problem posed by the author (the topic touched upon).

When presenting your thoughts on the problem raised (designated topic), when arguing your point of view, use the knowledge gained during the study of the social science course, the relevant concepts, as well as the facts of social life and your own life experience. (Give at least two

examples from various sources.)

Answer:

Correct answer

29.1

Philosophy.

“Before talking about the good of satisfying needs, we must decide which needs constitute the good.”

(L.N. Tolstoy. The greatest Russian writer, teacher, philosopher, educator (1828-1910)

Answer:

Correct answer

29.1

Philosophy

“Give a man a purpose worth living for, and he can survive in any situation.”

(I.V. Goethe. German poet, natural scientist, statesman and thinker (1749-1832)

Answer:

Correct answer

The main idea of ​​the quote. In the statement of the German poet, scientist, thinker I.W. Goethe, an idea was expressed about the importance of setting a goal in a person’s life. The author notes that it is the goal that fills life with meaning, gives strength to a person. Indeed, a clear goal that a person aspires to becomes a beacon that illuminates the path and helps to survive all difficulties. Terms. Activities, goal-setting, material and spiritual activities, means and methods of activity, the meaning of life, life values. Arguments. 1. It's scary if a person leads an aimless lifestyle. Let us recall Oblomov, the hero of the novel of the same name by I.A. Goncharova. His life has become a do-nothing. Yes, he thinks a lot, even expresses interesting thoughts about people, society, the meaning of life. But the hero does nothing. Even just to write a letter to the clerk to find out how things are going on his estate, he cannot, he constantly puts it off. How many experiences brings him a meeting with Olga, because the heroine literally forced him to do something. But Ilya Oblomov was unable to change his life. Lack of purpose, activity led to the imminent death of the hero. 2. You can give a lot of examples of people whose life is an active, purposeful movement towards the implementation of their plans. In the ZhZL series (“The Life of Remarkable People”) there is a book by Evgeny Lebedev about M.V. Lomonosov. The author, telling about the life path of this great man, tirelessly emphasizes that M.V. Lomonosov was constantly striving for something. He had not one, but many goals, and he sought to achieve them: he received an education, studied the unknown, became the initiator and founder of the first university in Russia, Moscow. Of course, there were difficulties along the way. It was not easy for a Pomeranian peasant to break into the elite of society. And he did this, glorifying his name and Russia with his activities, because he clearly knew what he was striving for.

29.1

Philosophy

"Public opinion rules people"

(Blaise Pascal. French mathematician, physicist, writer and scientist (1623-1662)

Answer:

Correct answer

The main idea of ​​the quote. The statement of the French scientist and writer B. Pascal contains the idea of ​​the importance of public opinion in people's lives. He believes that it literally rules people. We can partially agree with this opinion. Of course, people's opinions play an important role in a person's life, because he lives in society, so he must adhere to certain norms and traditions. However, everyone should have their own views and beliefs and clearly defend them, if they go against the public, one should not turn into part of the crowd, one should strive to be an individual, to defend justice. Terms. Man, society, public opinion, views, ideals, values, life position (active, passive), public control (formal, informal), personality, individuality. Arguments. 1. A striking example of the influence of society on human behavior, the formation of his views and values ​​is the play by A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”. The main thing in the “Famus society” is public opinion (remember, Famusov said: “What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say!”). In this circle, their ideals and values ​​were formed, which people follow. Molchalin strives to become the same as all its members. Wealth, position in society, career, influence - this is the ideal of these people. And if someone does not want to obey the laws and traditions established by centuries, as Chatsky did, then such a person is simply expelled, calling him “crazy”. However, at any time there are and will be people who defend their positions if they see the injustice of the established norms and procedures. It is hard for Chatsky, he is alone in Famusov's house. But not alone in the country. It is for such people that the future lies, for those who want to sincerely serve “the cause, not individuals”, for the good of the Motherland. So public opinion does not always subjugate people. 2. World history knows many examples when people went against public opinion if it contradicted the truth. In the "Encyclopedia for Children" of the publishing house "Avanta +" in the volume "Astronomy" there is an article about the activities of D. Bruno, an English scientist of the 16th century. His main ideas are set forth in the book "On the infinity of the universe and the worlds." He foresaw many scientific discoveries: about the boundlessness of the Universe, about numerous worlds unknown to people, supported the ideas of Copernicus about the round shape of the Earth revolving around the Sun. Bruno's ideas did not correspond to the views of the Catholic Church, so he was executed as a heretic. The life of a scientist is an example of how strong personalities defend their ideas, continue to learn the truth, despite the traditions of society and its opinion, if it is erroneous.

TEST No. 1. 9 CLASS. Blok Man and society. A systematic approach to social phenomena.

1. Find the society as a dynamic system in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) isolation from nature

2) the presence of subsystems subject to change

3) isolation of elements

4) self-organization and self-development

5) the emergence of new elements and connections

6) multidimensionality and integrity

Answer: 2456

2. Establish a correspondence between the spheres of society and the given characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 12221

3. Find examples of the direct impact of the economy on the social sphere of public life in the list below.

1) adoption of state educational standards

2) delayed salary due to the bankruptcy of the enterprise

3) introduction of censorship on state television

4) state guarantee of bank deposits

5) construction by the factory of housing for workers

6) creation of new jobs

4. Write down the word missing in the table.

Social institutions and their functions

Answer: state

5. Select the correct judgments about social institutions and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Social institutions are considered by science as historically established stable forms of organizing the joint activities of people.

2) Since society is a dynamic system, some social institutions may disappear, while others may appear.

3) Social institutions represent certain stages of the historical development of mankind.

4) Social institutions are certain stereotypes of human behavior.

5) Social institutions are created by people who unite for joint activities and communication.

6. Establish a correspondence between the components of society and examples: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 12121

7. Name three signs of a social institution and explain each of them with a specific example.

The correct answer may include the following:

The presence of a role system - the main roles are defined (for example, in a family there are roles of husband and wife, parents and children, older and younger family members, etc.);

The presence of a set of institutions (for example, an educational institution includes a network of schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, universities, the Ministry of Education, etc.);

The presence of regulatory rules (for example, in the state, the main law of the country, the Constitution, can be adopted, in accordance with which other regulations are adopted that regulate the activities of government bodies, etc.);

The presence of socially important functions (for example, the function of science is the accumulation and systematization of objective knowledge about reality).

8. In the knowledge of society, in contrast to the knowledge of nature

1) no hypotheses are put forward

2) the role of the value attitudes of the cognizer is significant

3) no modeling method is used

4) truth is relative

5) the object and subject of knowledge coincide

6) it is difficult to identify objective laws

9. Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“The concept of “society” has many meanings. Often, a society is understood as a social _______ (A), united by a common _______ (B) of its members, for example, a noble society, or a community _______ (C). Sociologists call society a dynamic _______ (G), emphasizing the connection between the various components of social life and their changes in the course of historical development. These changes may be gradual or they may be accelerated by _______ (Y) or through reforms. Reforms, as a rule, change any one side of life while maintaining the foundations of the existing _______ (E). By resolving the contradictions that really exist in society, the reforms pave the way for something new.”

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once.

Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

List of terms:

1) system

2) structure

4) revolution

5) interest

6) progress

7) social status

10. Choose the correct judgments about society and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Society is part of nature.

2) Nature completely determines the development of society.

3) Modern society is characterized by a class structure.

4) The totality of all the peoples inhabiting our planet is a society.

5) Society can be called a certain stage in the historical development of mankind.

11. Establish a correspondence between the spheres of society and social institutions: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 21122

12. Choose the right judgments about spiritual culture and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Spiritual culture is one of the spheres of human activity in society.

2) Spiritual culture includes cognitive activity and its results.

3) The objects of spiritual culture are ideology, morality, artistic creativity.

4) Spiritual culture is an artificial environment surrounding a person.

5) Spiritual culture includes material and spiritual values ​​created by man.

13. Select the correct judgments about society and social institutions and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) In a narrow sense, society is the material world surrounding a person.

2) In a broad sense, society is understood as the entire population of the earth, the totality of all peoples and countries.

3) The dynamism of social institutions is manifested in their isolation from nature.

4) Social institutions arose in connection with the objective need to regulate a variety of social relations.

5) Education as a social institution combines with other social institutions the presence of an organizational structure and social norms.

Answer: 245.

14. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social institution"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about social institutions in the economic sphere, and one sentence revealing any of the functions of social institutions.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) the meaning of the concept, for example: A social institution is a historically established stable form of organizing joint activities aimed at meeting the basic needs of society.

2) one sentence with information about social institutions in the economic sphere, for example: Social institutions in the economic sphere include the market, entrepreneurship, banking, etc.

3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, any of the functions of social institutions, for example: Social institutions streamline, coordinate individual actions of people, give them an organized and predictable character.

15. You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic "Peculiarities of social cognition." Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.

One of the options for the disclosure of this topic:

1) Social cognition - knowledge of society and man.

2) The specifics of social cognition:

a) the coincidence of the cognizing subject and the cognized object;

b) close connection with the practical interests of individuals;

c) a critical view of society and the value coloring of knowledge about it;

d) the complexity of the object of social cognition, due to which social laws are of a probabilistic nature;

e) limited scope of the experiment.

3) Basic methods of social cognition:

a) historical (consideration of social objects in development);

b) comparative (consideration of social objects in comparison, comparison with similar ones);

c) system-analytical (consideration of social objects in integrity and interaction with each other).

4) Functions of social cognition:

a) identifying the causes and consequences of social processes;

b) understanding the qualitative characteristics of social objects;

c) use of the results in the implementation of social management;

d) coordination of public interests, optimization of social processes.

5) Social cognition as a necessary condition for the improvement and development of society.

TEST No. 2. 9 CLASS. Blok Man and society. Types of social development.

1. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, characterize the dynamic nature of society.

1) development, 2) static, 3) regression, 4) recession, 5) progress, 6) consistency.

Find two terms that “fall out” of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

2. Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts of the series below, and write down the number under which it is indicated.

reform, 2) revolution 3) social dynamics, 4) evolution, 5) social regression.

3. Choose the correct judgments about society and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) One of the criteria for social progress is related to the achieved level of material and technical development of society.

2) Society performs the function of reproduction and socialization of man.

3) An integral feature of the development of any society is degradation to obsolete social structures and relations.

4) A revolution is called a phased transformation associated with a change in any aspect of public life.

5) Society is a complex static system.

4. Which of the listed social facts illustrate the inconsistency of social progress? Write down all the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) obtaining new materials as a result of the development of nanotechnology

2) increase in labor productivity as a result of rationalization of the organizational structure of production

3) mental dependence of the masses of people on access to the Internet as a result of the emergence of online games and social networks

4) the possibility of rapid replication of information as a result of the development of computer technology

5) the occurrence of organically non-recyclable waste in the process of high-tech production

6) the emergence of "ghost towns" as a result of population migration to large metropolitan areas

5. In the countryZ extensive technology and hand tools predominate. What other signs indicate that the country Zdevelops as a traditional society? write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

The main social units are the tribe and the extended family.

The urban population is growing

Oral information prevails over written

Infrastructure is rapidly developing

Scientific knowledge is widely disseminated

Dominated by subsistence farming

6. Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features and types of societies: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 32132

7. In the countryZThe urban population is growing faster than the rural population. What other signs indicate that the countryZdevelops as an industrial society? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) The state guaranteed the personal freedom of citizens and creates conditions for the self-realization of the individual.

2) There is a formation of a class structure.

3) Religious organizations play a key role in public life.

4) Natural exchange (barter) prevails.

5) There was a mechanization of production.

6) Production is concentrated at large enterprises, in industrial regions.

Answer: 156.

8. Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features and types of societies: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 22121

9. Find in the list the features inherent in a post-industrial society. write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

Development of the service sector

The growth of the working class

Lack of social stratification

Use of information technology

New intellectual opportunities

10. Establish a correspondence between the distinctive features and types of societies: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 32311

11. Choose the right judgments about the global problems of modern humanity and write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

Global problems are a set of problems on the solution of which the future of mankind depends.

Global problems can be independently solved by individual countries of the world

The "North-South" problem is manifested in the gap in the levels of economic development of the countries of the world

One of the negative results of human economic activity has been the depletion of natural resources.

All global problems are a consequence of economic globalization

12. Establish a correspondence between the processes of globalization and its consequences: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 21121

13.Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to the concept of "social regression".

1) movement; 2) change; 3) technical revolution; 4) improvement; 5) decline; 6) degradation.

14. Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts of the series below, and highlight the number under which it is indicated.

1) integration; 2) growth; 3) differentiation; 4) social dynamics; 5) innovation; 6) degradation; 7) evolution.

15. Select the correct judgments about society and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Society is an integral self-organizing system of relationships between people.

2) In the structure of society, economic, political, social and spiritual subsystems are distinguished.

3) Social institutions organize the satisfaction of certain needs of society and man.

4) The dynamism of social institutions is manifested in their isolation from the natural environment.

5) Social regression is the direction of development from lower and simpler forms of social organization to higher and more complex ones.

TEST No. 3. 9 CLASS. Blok Man and society. Society and nature. Biosocial essence of man. Thinking and activity.

1. Find social phenomena in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) the emergence of the state

2) a person's genetic predisposition to certain diseases

3) mental qualities of a person

4) forming nations

5) creation of new scientific directions

6) the ability of a person to sensory perception of the world

Answer: 145.

2. Establish a correspondence between the features of behavioral activity characteristic of a person and the behavioral activity characteristic of animals: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer: 21112

3. Ivan completed the task on the topic: "Man as a result of biological and sociocultural evolution." He wrote out from the textbook the traits characteristic of a person. Which of them reflect the specifics of the social nature of man, in contrast to the animal? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) use of objects given by nature

2) the ability to set goals

3) care for offspring

4) adaptation to environmental conditions

5) the desire to understand the world around

6) communication through articulate speech

4. Establish a correspondence between examples and sides of a person's essence: for each element given in the first column, select the corresponding element from the second column.

Answer: 12122

5. Below is a list of qualities inherent in a person. All of them, with the exception of two, are of a social nature.

1) initiative, 2) temperament, 3) tolerance, 4) responsibility, 5) inclinations, 6) diligence.

Find two terms that "fall out" of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

6. Write down the word missing in the table.

Answer: activities.

7. Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps

“A person who actively explores and purposefully transforms nature, society and himself is ______ (A). This is a person with his socially formed and individually expressed _____ (B): intellectual, emotional-volitional, moral, etc. Their formation is due to the fact that _____ (C) in joint activities with other people cognizes and changes the world and himself. The process of this cognition in the course of assimilation and reproduction of social experience is at the same time a process of _____ (D). Personality is defined as a special form of existence and development of social ties, relationships to the world and with the world, to oneself and oneself. It is characterized by _____ (D), i.e. striving to go beyond its own limits, to develop, to expand the scope of its activities, is open to all the influences of social life, to any experience. This is a person who has his own ____ (E) in life, who shows independence of thought, is responsible for his choice.

Words (phrases) in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once.

Choose sequentially one word (phrase) after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words (phrases) in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

List of terms:

1. individual

2. quality

3. need

4. education

5th position

6. socialization

7. personality

8. activity

9. individuality

Answer: 721685

8. Kirill is 17 years old. Find in the list of traits that characterize him as a person. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Cyril has blond hair and blue eyes.

2) Kirill's height is 180 cm.

3) Kirill helps his parents take care of his sick grandmother.

4) Kirill goes in for athletics.

5) Cyril is a kind and sympathetic person.

6) Kirill studies well at school.

Answer: 3456

9. Claudia is preparing for a trip to Spain. She studies Spanish, reads books about the history and culture of Spain, communicates with connoisseurs of Spanish art on Internet forums. She has already planned the route of her trip and purchased a ticket. Find examples of the means used by Claudius to achieve the goal in the list below, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) learning Spanish

2) purchase of a tourist voucher

3) Internet communication

4) reading books about Spain

5) connoisseurs of Spanish art

6) a trip to Spain

Answer: 1234

10. Write down the word missing in the table.

Characteristics of human qualities

Answer: Ability

11. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, refer to the concept of "human biological needs".

1) reproduction of the family, 2) self-realization, 3) nutrition, 4) breathing, 5) movement, 6) communication, 7) rest.

Find two terms that "fall out" of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

12. Select the correct judgments about the person and his needs and write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

Each person has a biological and socio-psychological individuality.

An individual is a single representative of humanity

The natural (biological) needs of a person traditionally include the need for knowledge of the world around

Individual needs of people may conflict with social needs

The social nature of a person is manifested in the anatomical and physical features, the structure of various organ systems, instincts and reflexes.

13. Establish a correspondence between examples and sides of a person's essence: for each element given in the first column, select the corresponding element from the second column.

Answer: 32123

14. Select from the proposed list of social facts that contain a manifestation of the basic social (existential) needs of the individual and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) In the workforce, where the graduate of the economic university came, at first it was not easy for her, many issues differed significantly from the university knowledge, but more experienced, senior colleagues helped her with their advice to get up to speed

2) For a young man, his social circle, friends and girlfriends are extremely important, you can discuss with them, sometimes what you can’t discuss with either parents or teachers

3) The young man has succeeded in the tourism business, having created a large company specializing in the field of extreme tourism, but now he is more concerned about the fame of a patron of young talents; he recently established a scholarship for young scientists

4) Every last Saturday of the month, the professor dedicates a trip to the conservatory to chamber music concerts

5) Each person needs to maintain the thermal balance of the body, so in winter we wear mittens, warm boots and jackets

6) In the family, each person gains protection from the troubles and hardships of the big world that surrounds him, it is no coincidence that they say "my house, my fortress."

15. Select the correct judgments about the activity and write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

Activities are related to meeting the needs of a person, a social group, society as a whole.

Creative activity is inherent in both man and animal.

As a result of labor activity, material and spiritual values ​​are created.

The same kind of activity can be called with different motives of people.

The structure of activity presupposes the presence of a goal and means to achieve it.

Answer: 1345

16. Establish a correspondence between activities and their examples: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

ACTIVITIES

A) Volcanologists mapped possible volcanic eruptions next year B) the government approved the introduction of new tariffs C) at the beginning of the year, new state standards in the field of education were put into effect D) small businesses produce parts for a large car factory E) economists have suggested how financial markets will develop after the global crisis E) a large company began developing a new gas field on the Arctic shelf

1) material and production 2) socially transformative 3) predictive

17. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“In work, teaching, ___________ (A) all aspects of the psyche are formed and manifest.

A special question arises as to how relatively stable mental properties are formed and consolidated. The mental properties of ___________ (B) - her abilities and character traits - are formed in the course of life. Congenital ___________ (C) of the organism are only ___________ (D) - very ambiguous, which determine, but do not predetermine the mental properties of a person. Based on the same inclinations, a person can develop different properties - ___________ (D) and character traits, depending on the course of his life and ___________ (E) not only appear, but also form. In work, study and labor, the abilities of people are formed and worked out; character is formed and tempered in life's deeds and deeds.

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once.

Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

1) feature

2) ability

3) personality

5) society

6) makings

7) communication

8) activities

Answer: 1938756

18. Choose the correct judgments about freedom and write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

1) Human freedom is manifested in the absence of responsibility for committed actions.

2) Human freedom is the basis of behavior aimed solely at obtaining pleasure

3) Human freedom includes freedom of movement and residence, freedom of thought and conscience, freedom of speech and expression, freedom to privacy, to private life

4) Freedom is the right to limit oneself out of respect and love for others.

5) Freedom is the ability to make any decisions at will and be fully responsible for the consequences of the decisions made.

19. Choose the correct judgments about the ratio of freedom, necessity and responsibility in human activities and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) The variety of choices limits the freedom in human activities.

2) One of the manifestations of the need for human activity is the objective laws of the development of nature.

3) The responsibility of a person increases in conditions of a limited choice of behavior strategies in certain situations.

4) Unlimited freedom is an unconditional blessing for the individual and society.

5) The readiness of a person to evaluate his actions in terms of their consequences for others is one of the manifestations of a sense of responsibility.

20. Choose the correct judgments about a person and write downnumbersunder which they are listed.

1) The spiritual (ideal) needs of a person traditionally include the need for air, nutrition, maintaining normal heat exchange.

2) The natural (biological) needs of a person include the need for knowledge of the world, the achievement of harmony and beauty; religious faith, artistic creativity, etc.

3) Activity is a specific way of human existence.

4) Needs - this is a person's experience of the need for what is necessary to maintain life and develop the personality.

5) Only a person is able to consciously transform the surrounding reality, create the benefits and values ​​he needs.

Social science test Man, society, nature for 8th grade students. The test is designed to test knowledge on the topic Personality and Society. The test consists of 3 parts. In part 1 - 10 tasks, in part 2 - 4 tasks and in part 3 - 1 task (4 questions).

1. Choose the wrong statement.

1) nature is the natural habitat of man
2) nature is everything that arose with man
3) nature is understood as the biosphere of planet Earth
4) nature is the defining properties of an object, expressing its essence

2. The shell of the Earth inhabited by living organisms and under their influence is called

1) biosphere
2) atmosphere
3) noosphere
4) hydrosphere

3. The area of ​​the planet Earth covered by intelligent human activity is

1) biosphere
2) lithosphere
3) hydrosphere
4) noosphere

4. The highest type of mental activity

1) understanding
2) behavior
3) mind
4) genius

5. Most researchers believe that the mind is the result of work

1) hearts
2) endocrine system
3) brain
4) nervous system

6. Choose the wrong expression.

1) civilization as a stage of development of society is characterized by its separation from nature
2) in the era of primitiveness, society lived according to strict rules of behavior, which researchers call mononorms
3) in a primitive society, people were guided by moral standards
4) the emergence of the state meant the transition of mankind from the primitive herd to the social organization of people

7. Choose the wrong expression.

1) morality was developed in the process of human evolution to curb excessive individualism
2) morality expresses personal or social values
3) morality is one of the social regulators of human behavior
4) morality is established by the state and supported by its coercive power

8. Anthropologists call modern man

1) skillful person
2) Homo erectus
3) a person working
4) a reasonable person

9. Most researchers believe that the biological species of modern man appeared for the first time in

1) Africa
2) Europe
3) Asia
4) Australia

10. The biological theory of the origin of man was developed by

1) V.I. Vernadsky
2) Ch. Darwin
3) Voltaire
4) E. Fromm

1. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, characterize the concept social regulators of human behavior in society .
Morality, religion, abilities, traditions, customs.
Find and indicate a term that refers to another concept.

2. Establish a correspondence between the Latin terms, meaning the stages of human evolution as a biological species, and similar terms in Russian: for each element given in the first column, select an element from the second column.

Latin terms

A) Homo hablis
B) Homo erectus
B) Homo neanderthalensis
D) Homo sapiens

Terms in Russian

1) erect man
2) Neanderthal
3) a reasonable person
4) skillful person

3. Establish a correspondence between the biosphere, noosphere and their elements.

A) morality
B) ecosystem
B) the lower part of the atmosphere
D) mind

1) biosphere
2) noosphere

4. Read the text below with a number of words missing.

“The first __________ (1) of man was a stone and a stick. People earned their livelihood by hunting and __________ (2). The most important stage in human development was the appearance of __________ (3). People have learned to express abstract __________ (4) water in general , beast at all . This led to the opportunity to teach offspring ___ (5), and not just by example, to plan actions before the hunt, and not during it, etc. ”

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

A) gathering
B) tools
B) farming
D) language
D) cattle breeding
E) concepts
G) words

Write under each number the letter corresponding to the word you have chosen.

1. Read an excerpt from Jack London's story "The Love of Life" and complete the tasks.

“He heard some sort of sniffing behind him - not a sigh, not a cough. Very slowly, overcoming extreme weakness and stupor, he turned on his other side. Nearby, he saw nothing and began to wait patiently. Again he heard sniffling and coughing, and between two pointed stones, no more than twenty paces away from him, he saw the gray head of a wolf. The ears did not stick up, as he had seen in other wolves, his eyes became cloudy and bloodshot, his head drooped helplessly. The wolf must have been ill: he was sneezing and coughing all the time.
At least it doesn’t seem like it, he thought, and again turned on the other side to see the real world, now not shrouded in a haze of visions. But the sea still sparkled in the distance, and the ship was clearly visible. Perhaps this is still real? He closed his eyes and began to think - and in the end he understood what was the matter. He went to the northeast, moving away from the River Dees, and ended up in the valley of the Coppermine River. This wide, slow river was the Coppermine. This shining sea is the Arctic Ocean. This ship is
a whaling ship sailing far east of the mouth of the Mackenzie River, it is anchored in Coronation Bay. He remembered a map of the Hudson's Bay Company he had seen once, and everything became clear and understandable.
He sat down and began to think about the most pressing matters. The wrappings from the blanket were completely worn out, and his legs were torn to living meat. The last blanket was used up. He lost his gun and knife. The hat was also gone, but the matches in the pouch in the bosom, wrapped in parchment, remained intact and not damp. He looked at his watch. They were still walking and showing eleven o'clock. He must have remembered to wind them up.
He was calm and fully conscious. Despite the terrible weakness, he did not feel any pain. He did not want to eat. The thought of food was even unpleasant to him, and everything he did was done by him at the behest of reason. He tore off his trousers to the knees and tied them around his feet. For some reason, he did not leave the bucket: he would have to drink boiling water before starting the journey to the ship - very difficult, as he foresaw.

1) Define the concept nature . Make up two sentences with this concept, revealing its meaning.

2) The story of Jack London "Love of Life" tells the story of human survival in the wild. Abandoned by a friend, the hero of the story walks across the Canadian tundra. Along the way, he overcomes various difficulties, and at the end of the story he is forced to fight with an old and sick wolf, from which he emerges victorious. Based on the above passage, write down at least three qualities of a traveler that helped him survive in wildlife without the help of other people.

3) Write three examples of the positive impact of society on nature.

4) Select one from the statements below, reveal its meaning, indicating the problem posed by the author (the topic touched upon); formulate your attitude to the position taken by the author; justify this relationship. When presenting your thoughts on various aspects of the problem raised (marked topic), when arguing your point of view, use knowledge obtained during the study of the course of social science, corresponding concepts, as well as data social life and own life an experience.

1. “Everything that is against nature is also against reason, and everything that is against reason is absurd, and therefore must be rejected” ( B. Spinoza).
2. “Nature surrounds a person with darkness and forces him to strive forever for the light” ( I.V. Goethe).
3. "Nature created her creations, pursuing her own goals, but her goals are bonds and chains for man" ( M. Gorky).

Answers to the social science test Man society nature
Part 1
1-2, 2-1, 3-4, 4-3, 5-3, 6-3, 7-4, 8-4, 9-1, 10-2.
Part 2
1-ability
2-4123
3-2112
4-BAGAGE

The test on the topic "Man" is presented in two versions. Compiled on the basis of FIPI materials. Consists of part A (30 questions) and part B (7 tasks). Corresponds to the structure of the exam. It can be used both to prepare students for the exam, and to control ZUN on this topic.

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Theme: "Man". Option 1

A1 . Individuality is

1) specific features inherent in man as a biological organism

2) the temperament of a person, his character

3) the unique originality of both natural and social in man

4) the totality of human needs and abilities

A2. The characteristic that distinguishes man from animals is

1) manifestation of activity 2) goal setting

3) adaptation to the environment 4) interaction with the outside world

A3 . Are the following judgments about a person's life in society correct?

A. In man, nature itself has the ability to live in society.

B. Personality can only be formed in human society.

A4 . The results of the production, social and spiritual activities of a person and society in the aggregate can be called

1) culture 2) economy 3) worldview 4) history

A5 . Human activity and animal behavior are characterized

1) setting goals 2) self-control mechanism

3) a conscious choice of means 4) satisfaction of needs

A6 . Work as opposed to communication

1) is a human need

2) can give a person pleasure

3)Directly transforms the objects of the environment

4) assumes the presence of a goal

A7 . Are the following judgments about human freedom correct?

A. Human freedom is synonymous with permissiveness.

B. Human freedom is impossible in the conditions of social relations and interactions.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A8 . The needs of a person, due to his biological nature, include the need for

1) self-preservation 2) self-realization 3) self-knowledge 4) self-education

A9. personality traits are manifested in

1) traits of a person as a biological organism 2) hereditary predisposition

3) features of temperament 4) socially transformative activity

A10 . Are the following judgments about the manifestation of the individual and the social in man correct?

A. The individual and the social in man are the result of biological evolution.

B. Individual and social development of a person are in no way connected with each other.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A11 . Both humans and animals are capable of

1) use objects of nature 2) make tools using other tools

3) transfer labor skills to subsequent generations 4) be aware of their own needs

A12 . Human activities such as communication and play have in common that they

1) allow the use of certain rules or norms

2) require the mandatory presence of a partner

3) are conditional

4) prescribe obligatory observance of rituals

Gradual evolution from the great ape to the actual man?

1. I.I. Mechnikov 2) I.P. Pavlov 3) C. Darwin 4) Zh. Cuvier

A14 . Which of the following features is characteristic of humans and absent in animals?

1. metabolic processes
2. creative activity
3. the work of the sense organs
4. need for food

A15 . In cognitive activity, in contrast to labor:

1. the means must match the ends
2. the goal is to obtain reliable knowledge
3. the individual is the subject
4. the result is a new product

A 16. Will is

1. power over oneself, control over one's actions, conscious regulation of one's behavior
2. the ability to hit back an offender
3. the ability to fundamentally oppose any point of view other than one's own
4. ability to the most dangerous and cruel struggle

A17 . The student for the teacher is:

1. object of activity 2) competitor 3) subject of activity 4) colleague

A18. Are the following statements about personality correct?

A. The main thing in the characterization of a person is the participation of a person in social relations and creative activities.

B. A newborn person is a person.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A19 . Agents of secondary socialization do not include:

1. Radio journalist 2) cousin 3) university teacher 4) head of an enterprise?

A20 . Are the judgments correct?

Formal interpersonal relationships:

A. They are built depending on the individual characteristics of the individual.

B. Standardized and depersonalized.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A21 . Complete the statement: Man is a creature embodying the highest stage of life development, most likely based on the ability of man

1. organize together with other people into close-knit groups to defend their interests;

1. to repulse any aggressive attacks against him;

1. adapt to environmental conditions that are not always favorable for him;
2. to creative creative activity on the basis of a developed, improving consciousness (thinking, imagination, intuition, etc.)

A22 . Existential needs include:

1. comfort 2) communication 3) knowledge 4) self-respect

A23 . Are the following statements about self-consciousness correct?

A. A person can determine what he is by comparing himself with other people.

B. A person can determine who he is without asking what other people think of him.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A24 . Are the following statements about a person correct?

A. Man remains part of the natural world.

B. Man develops in the process of social and cultural evolution.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A25 . Are the following statements about outstanding human abilities correct?

A. Nature makes a man a genius.

B. Mental talent is a quality determined by the biological nature of a person.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A26 . Practical activities include

1. production of wealth
2. knowledge of the laws of development of nature
3. the formation of religious ideas about the world
4. composing music

A27 . Activity versus communication

1. is a human need
2. can make a person happy
3. assumes a purpose
4. directly transforms objects in the environment

A28 . Are the following statements about individual freedom true?

A. Human freedom presupposes the responsibility of a person to society for his actions and deeds.

B. Freedom is the ability to choose a course of action to achieve some goal.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A29 . Choose the correct answer from the list below.

A person as a separate representative of the human community, a carrier of individually free traits is called:

1. Doer 2) individual 3) leader 4) personality

A30. The highest moral meaning of human activity gives

1. Self-giving 2) material gain 3) pride in what has been accomplished 4) enjoyment of mastery.

Part B

IN 1 . Complete the phrase: “A manifestation of activity characteristic of a person, expressed in the transformation of the inner and outer world, is

Answer_________

B 2. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are associated with the concept of “activity structure”.Find and specify a term not related to this concept.

Subject; goal; funds; individual; an object; result.

Answer_________________

AT 3. Match the activities given in the first column with their characteristics given in the second.

AT 4 . Write down the selected letters in the table, and then transfer the resulting sequence of letters to the answer sheet (without spaces or other characters).

Find in the list belowbasic human needs

1. Need for law
2. The need for communication
3. The Need for Moral Improvement
4. The Need for Interaction
5. The Need for Truth
6. Need for more goodness

Answer______________

AT 5 . Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine which sentences are wearing: 1) actual character; 2 ) the nature of value judgments

(A) Apparently, the time has come to start assessing the level of development and progressiveness of society by how a person becomes, in which direction he changes from year to year. (B) Civilization conquers nature, achieving a high level of scientific and technological progress, but is helpless in understanding the essence of man. (C) The rapid development of science and technology, according to many experts, is accompanied by the destruction of nature, the spread of lack of spirituality. (D) It seems that a person becomes a slave to technology, and his own meanness, begins to pray to the “yellow devil”.

Answer_____

AT 6

“In recent decades, psychologists have made a number of remarkable discoveries. One of them is about the significance of the style of communication with the child for his _____ (1). Now it has become an indisputable truth that _____ (2) is as necessary for a child as food. A kid who receives good nutrition and good medical care, but is deprived of constant _____ (3) with an adult, develops poorly not only mentally, but also physically: he does not grow, loses weight, loses interest in life. If we continue the comparison with food, we can say that communication can be not only healthy, but also harmful. Bad food poisons the body; incorrect communication “poisons” ____ (4) of the child, endangers his emotional well-being, and subsequently, of course, his fate. The main features of a favorable style of communication in the family were determined as a result of the enormous work of humanist psychologists, theorists and practitioners. _____ (5) in education is based primarily on understanding the child - his needs and _____ (6), on knowledge of the laws of his growth and development of his personality.

Answer_____________

AT 7 . Find in the list belowhuman properties that have a social nature. Write the numbers in ascending order.

1. Ability for joint transformational activity
2. The desire for self-realization
3. Ability to adapt to natural conditions
4. Steady views of the world and an owl's place in it
5. Need for water, food, rest

Answer_______

Answers:

	Activity
	individual
	WABWA
	2122
	WJBIA

Option 2

A1. The "second nature", or "inorganic body", of a person is

1. The world of social and artificial objects created by man.
2. The world of the supernatural, mysterious and mysterious.
3. The realm of the true and present, in contrast to the everyday, boring and monotonous life.
4. The result of overcoming or denying the first - the natural biological nature of man.

A2 . human nature

1. This is an innate biopsychic constitution common to all people.
2. There is nothing but the totality of his basic needs.
3. It represents the basic and unchanging qualities of a person.
4. This is a combination of such qualities as reason, conscience, duty, the gift of communication.

A3 . Human needs, conditioned by society, include the need for

1) labor activity 2) preservation of the family 3) self-preservation 4) physical activity

A4 . A distinctive feature of the concept of "personality" is (-s)

1) articulate speech 2) consciousness and thinking

3) the ability to take responsibility 4) the presence of physical needs

A5. Are the following statements about self-knowledge correct?

A. The ideal "I" is an idea of ​​how others want to see me.

B. An integral part of self-knowledge is self-esteem.

A6 . The main factor in the formation of personality is

1) natural environment 2) communication with others 3) the mechanism of heredity 4) innate inclinations

A7. Personality is

1. a person living in society and possessing a system of socially significant features, properties and qualities
2. temperament of a person, his character
3. unique psychophysiological features of a person
4. totality of original human abilities

A8 . Are the following judgments about the separation of man from nature correct?

A. The separation of man from nature occurred due to the presence of consciousness and reason in him.

B. The isolation of man from nature occurred due to the presence of a certain set of instincts in him.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A9 . The concept of "individuality" captures:

1. single representative of the human race
2. features of a person's temperament, his character
3. human labor activity
4. the unique original originality of a person, implying not only his appearance, but also a set of socially significant qualities.

A10 . The guidelines for human activity are:

1. values ​​2) drives 3) needs 4) interests.

A11 . Are the following judgments about the formation of continuity in human behavior correct?

A. The functions of innate instincts characteristic of animals are replaced by norms (rules) in humans.

B. Culture is a peculiar program of human behavior.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A12 . What attribute characterizes a person as a person?

1) active life position 2) physical and mental health

3) belonging in the form of homo sapiens 4) features of appearance

A13 . "Individuality is the unique originality of a person, a set of his unique properties." This statement is an example

1) artistic image 2) mythological knowledge

3) religious norm 4) scientific knowledge

A14. The properties and roles of a person, which he acquires only in interaction with other people, characterize him as

1. individual 2) individuality 3) organism 4) personality

A15 . The common thing in the activity of inventors, writers, artists is that it is

1. administrative 2) practical 3) material 4) creative

A16 . Both humans and animals have needs for

1. self-realization 2) self-preservation 3) self-knowledge 4) self-education

A17 . Man, unlike animals, is capable of

1. perform habitual actions 2) pre-think your behavior

3) show emotions 4) take care of offspring

A18 . Unlike animals, humans are capable of

1. respond with feelings 2) develop conditioned reflexes

3) meet needs 4) predict the results of actions

A19. Human social needs include the need

1. breathe 2) eat 3) sleep 4) communicate

A20. Scientific discoveries are the result of activity

1. material and production 2) socio-transformative

3) practical 4) spiritual

A21. Play, learning, work act as

1. criteria of truth 2) activities 3) social qualities 4) biological needs

A22 . Specify one of the signs of human activity that distinguishes it from the behavior of animals:

1. manifestation of activity 2) goal setting

3) adaptation to the environment 4) interaction with the outside world

A23 . What is the name of the process in which a person comprehends the essence of his "I"?

1. self-education 2) self-knowledge 3) self-preservation 4) narcissism

A24 . The result of self-knowledge, in particular, is

1. accumulation of knowledge about man and nature 2) knowledge of the values ​​of society

3) learning social norms 4) understanding your abilities

A25 . The process of self-knowledge includes the accumulation of knowledge about the features

1. own appearance 2) different types of temperament

3) moral and legal norms 4) interaction between man and nature

A26 . The statement that a person is a product and subject of socio-historical activity is a characteristic of his

1. social essence 2) biological nature

3) physiological characteristics 4) psychological qualities

A27 . Man is a unity of three components: biological, psychological and social. The social component includes

1. knowledge and skills 2) feelings and will 3) physical development 4) age characteristics

A28 . Are the following statements about personality correct?

A. Personality is a product of biological evolution.

B. Society has the maximum influence on the individual.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A29 . Are the following judgments about the connection between activity and communication correct?

A. Communication is a side of any joint activity, since activity involves interaction.

B. Communication is a special activity based on the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and actions.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

A30 . The basis of human existence is

1. consumerism 2) activity 3) love 4) friendship

Part B.

IN 1 . Complete the phrase:

"At the heart of human needs are..."

Answer: ___________________________________

IN 2 . Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are associated with the concept of "human biological needs".

Reproduction of the genus; food; breath; traffic; communication; relaxation.

Answer____________________

VZ. Match the definitions given in the first column with the concepts given in the second column.

Write down the selected letters in the table, and then transfer the resulting sequence of letters to the answer sheet (without spaces or other characters).

AT 4. Find in the list belowmanifestations reflecting the social nature of man. Write the numbers in ascending order.

1. Interests
2. outlook
3. Makings
4. Skills
5. Heredity
6. ideals

Answer_________

AT 5. Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine what offers are:1) actual character; 2) the nature of value judgments

(A) More and more people in the world use mobile phones: they not only make or answer calls, but also correspond with SMS messages. (B) The habit of communicating using short, simple texts can lead to the fact that a person forgets how to talk heart to heart, delve into the intonations of the interlocutor, sympathize with him. (B) Dozens of phone users have been diagnosed with “SMS addiction” in a number of European countries. (D) Experts from the department of bad habits of one of the clinics recorded that people suffering from this disease can write SMS messages for seven or more hours a day.

Answer_________

AT 6 . Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the list below the words to be inserted in place of the releases. There are more words in the list than you need.

“In labor, teaching, ____ (1) all aspects of the psyche are formed and manifest.

A special question arises as to how relatively stable mental properties are formed and consolidated. The mental properties of ____(2) - her abilities and character traits - are formed in the course of life. Congenital _____ (3) of an organism are only ____ (4) - very ambiguous, which determine, but do not predetermine the mental properties of a person. On the basis of the same inclinations, a person can develop different properties - ____ (5) and character traits, depending on the course of his life and _____ (6) not only appear, but are also formed. In work, study and labor, the abilities of people are formed and worked out; character is formed and tempered in life's deeds and deeds.

Answer_________

B 7. Find in the list belowlearning outcomes. Write the numbers in ascending order.

1. teachers
2. Computer software
3. Knowledge of the basics of science
4. Visual aids
5. students
6. Ability to apply knowledge
7. Practical skills

Answer____________

Answers on the topic "Man" option 2:

	motives
	communication
	WBA
	1246
	1211
	GVAEBZ