Time magazine has published its annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world. It includes those who strive to improve the situation in the world and change people's worldviews. The list of the most influential people of 2018 includes journalists, actors, musicians, artists, politicians and other famous people.
This year it included 45 women and 45 people under the age of 40. Time's women's picks include activist Tarana Burke, who founded the Me Too movement, and human rights activist Nice Nylantei Lengete, who works to end female genital mutilation in Kenya.
« While we're still a long way from gender parity on a global scale, there are more women in Time's Top 100 this year than ever before. And this is proof that there are ways to change the world beyond traditional methods of force."- writes the magazine's editor-in-chief Edward Felsenthal.
But the Russian president Vladimir Putin was not included in the top 100 most influential people this year on the ground. This is an amazing decision by Time, since Putin was consistently included in the rating from 2014 to 2017. Discussing this fact on social networks, users suggested that this was the West’s revenge for Russia’s policies. However, the editors of Time did not promise that its opinion should completely coincide with the opinion of readers.
However, the Russian leader still appeared in Time, on the April cover of the European edition. On it he is depicted in the image of the Russian Tsar.
Here are the top 5 nominations in which the most influential people of 2018 were identified.
5. Leaders
Satya Nadella, the head of one of the largest corporations in the world, is a native of India. He is a cricket enthusiast and believes that “one brilliant player who does not put the team first can destroy the entire team.” This is exactly the concept that Satya Nadella uses while at the helm of Microsoft. He also preaches the importance of empathy and making sure the company produces products that work reliably. Nadella's first child was born with cerebral palsy and depended on devices that ran Microsoft systems for his life.
In the four years since Nadella became Microsoft's CEO, the corporation's market value has increased by 130%.
Next in this subsection is the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump. As US Senator Ted Cruz said about him: “ President Trump is a flashbang thrown into Washington by the forgotten men and women of America. The fact that his first year as President has confused and upset the media and political establishment is not a fault, it is a feature...President Trump is doing what he was elected to do—disrupting the status quo. It's scary for those who have controlled Washington for decades, but for millions of Americans, their confusion is fascinating to watch.».
There are different ways to think about Trump for his policies towards Russia. However, it cannot be denied that he is a bright and decisive personality who significantly influences world politics.
In addition to Nadella and Trump, the leaders included: the heir to the throne of Saudi Arabia, Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud, the head of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping, the English Prince Harry and his fiancee Meghan Markle, as well as the sun of the North Korean nation, Kim Jong-un.
4. Innovators
Time gave the first place in this category to black female comedian Tiffany Haddish. You might have seen her in the comedies “Cool Girls”, “Crazy Families” or in the TV series “The Last Real Gangster”. As actor Kevin Hart said about his colleague: “ Tiffany is an amazing talent with a big heart. She loves to make her loved ones happy. I hope she continues to be herself because that's what makes her shine».
Also included in the “Innovators” category are hip-hop artist Cardi B, famous snowboarder Chloe Kim, the first female ISS commander Peggy Whitson, and Florida students who survived the 2017 Parkland school shooting.
3. Artists
This subsection is opened by Hollywood star Nicole Kidman. In addition to her outstanding acting talent, Nicole has compassion, kindness and humor that make her the epitome of a great woman. She has the title of Citizen of the World and often participated in charity programs.
Time editors also included Hugh Jackman, Gal Gadot and Deepika Padukone, and director Guillermo del Toro among the most influential artists.
2. Icons
On the “cover” of this category is the charming Jennifer Lopez. She is the first Latina actress to earn more than $1 million per film. Jennifer is also a mother, businesswoman, activist, designer, fashion enthusiast, philanthropist and producer. She is one of the most successful singers of her generation and has managed to parlay her popularity into the expensive and respected fashion brand J.Lo. In 2013, J.Lo got her own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Time included singer Rihanna, public figure Tarana Burke, actor Chadwick Boseman, singer Kesha and figure skater Adam Rippon as modern “icons.”
1. Titans
First in the titanic subsection is the great tennis player Roger Federer. As the American writer David Foster Wallace wrote, “ he is one of those rare, supernatural athletes who seem to be exempt, at least in part, from certain physical laws" At 36 years old, the world number one also seems immune to the laws of aging. He is the only tennis player in the world to become an eight-time Wimbledon men's champion.
The Titans category also includes billionaire inventor Elon Musk, TV host Oprah Winfrey, Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos, WeWork startup creator Adam Neumann and athlete Kevin Durant.
The American magazine Forbes published a ranking of the most influential people in the world in 2018. The TOP 3 were made up of the leaders of the largest countries - China, the Russian Federation and the USA.
Of the 7.5 billion inhabitants of our planet, Forbes magazine named only one in every 100 million whose activities are most influential. The list includes the names of 74 people who determine the course of the economy and politics of the world. Vladimir Putin did not take first place in the ranking.
The most influential people in the world 2018 according to Forbes ranking
1. Xi Jinping:
- Chairman of the People's Republic of China, who through his efforts changed the Constitution and expanded his own influence. He regained his most important post, authored reforms, and implemented the “Chinese Dream” program, which is valid until the end of 2049.
2. Vladimir Putin:
- the leader of Russia, who was the leader of the rating from 2013 to 2016 inclusive. He has held the presidential chair for eighteen years. This year, Vladimir Putin found himself in second place in the ranking due to a scandalous incident - Russian interference in the American presidential elections.
3. Donald Trump:
- American President. Even though he has a powerful army and America’s economy is powerful, the country’s leader still has not risen above third position in the rankings. He also found himself at the center of a scandal involving hackers from Russia.
4. Angela Merkel:
- German chancellor, the only female chancellor in her native country. She has been in her current position for thirteen years. At the same time, in last year’s elections, her victory became as controversial as Donald Trump’s: 364 out of 688 deputies voted for Angela Merkel.
5. Jeff Bezos:
— founded Amazon. This year his fortune is more than $100 billion. Amazon is valued at $768 billion.
6. Pope Francis:
- a reformer who launched the process of changing the conservative foundations of the Catholic Church. In parallel with the presidents of other countries, he is trying to improve the living conditions of refugees, opposes climate change and the persecution of religious minorities.
7. Bill Gates:
- founded Microsoft, but today his share in it is no more than 1% of the shares. Now he is involved in charity work, and even created his own charitable foundation, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, with his wife.
8. Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud:
- is the crown prince of Saudi Arabia, led an anti-corruption campaign, thanks to which many rich people were arrested and unpaid funds were returned to the treasury.
9. Narendra Modi:
- holds the post of Prime Minister in India, and also intends to do everything to keep the climate the same.
10. Larry Page:
— founded the Google search engine exactly twenty years ago.
French leader Emmanuel Macron was in 12th place, Mark Zuckerberg, the creator of Facebook, was in 13th place. Elon Musk took 25th place in the ranking, Kim Jong-un – 36th, and Bashar Al Assad – 62nd.
If you are sure that you live modestly, do not own a business, are not involved in politics, and therefore the affairs of the powerful do not concern you, you are mistaken. There are always those on whom what happens in the world directly or indirectly depends.
We will talk about them - the most influential people of our time. Regular lists with them are compiled by Times and Forbes - perhaps the most authoritative publications in the United States. We will look only at the “top” and talk about the TOP 10 of the current list.
One of the few political leaders in India who enjoys huge support from the people. A clear confirmation of this is his re-election for a fourth term in a row. However, both in the country and abroad, many consider him a controversial person. On the one hand, he is a charismatic “millionaire from the slums”, a winner of UN and UNESCO awards, and on the other hand, he is one of the indirect culprits of the result of inter-religious clashes in Gujarat among Indian Muslims (more than a thousand people died then). The youngest influencer on this list was born in 1984 and has since managed to become the owner of one of the most valuable companies and the largest social network. The latter's history began with a modest website for Harvard students, and grew to become one of the five most visited online sites in the world. Mark Zuckerberg is a record holder in many respects. For example, he managed to become the youngest billionaire in history and one of the richest Americans. Like Bill Gates, he donates the lion's share of his fortune to charity - this is how he plans to dispose of 99% of Facebook shares. 
It is not surprising that he was included in the list of the most influential people of our time - the famous saying says that “who owns the information, owns the world.” But it is Larry Page who directly influences what information we receive every day using the global Network.
Bill Gates, Microsoft founder and philanthropist
This is one of those people thanks to whom computers became compact, humane (from the point of view of development) and accessible. For several years in a row, he topped the ranking of the world's richest people, and today, having retired from business, he focused his efforts on developing the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. 
In the latter, Bill Gates succeeded no less than in the computer field: Bill personally holds the record for the amount of funds donated to charity. For example, he sent 38% of his Microsoft shares to an unknown recipient. This donation could easily qualify as the largest since the beginning of the 21st century.
Pope Francis, head of the Catholic Church
His name is Jorge Mario Bergoglio and he is the 266th Pope. Over the past 1,200 years, he became the first non-European (born in Buenos Aires) to occupy this honorary chair. Despite the fact that in many Western countries the state is separated from religion, the Catholic faith continues to play an important role in the lives of ordinary residents, and both politicians and businessmen listen to the opinion of the head of the church. Pope Francis himself is a modest man with strong principles. In 2013, the year of his election, Time magazine named him “Person of the Year.” 
Janet Yellen, head of the US Federal Reserve
She has headed the US Federal Reserve since 2014 and is the first woman to hold this post. To understand the importance of this government unit, it is necessary to know that it functions as the central bank of the country. Jeannette Yellen is not the only one in her family to receive a high title: her husband is a Nobel Prize laureate in economics, and she herself holds a Ph.D. 
Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China
It is difficult to underestimate the influence of China on the global economy, so it is not surprising that the leader of this country is included in the list of the most influential people. What sets Xi Jinping apart from other political figures is his principled position on corruption, as well as his openness to reform. For the first time he was included in the hundred most influential people in the world (according to the Forbes ranking) back in 2009. 
Merkel has repeatedly become a leader in ratings of the most influential female politicians, has numerous awards and was named “Woman of the Year” by the authoritative British publication Financial Times.
Donald Trump, US President
Donald Trump managed to take the presidency relatively recently, but even before this event he was well known in the world for his political and commercial activities. A versatile man, he is not only involved in business (he is the president of a construction conglomerate, owner of a chain of gambling establishments and hotel complexes), but also worked as a TV presenter and regularly appeared in 
Indeed, he not only once again occupies the presidential chair in a country that consistently holds first place in the world in terms of territory and ninth in population, but also participates in foreign policy, and his actions are not always perceived unambiguously. By the way, Vladimir Putin is the only representative from Russia in our ranking.
The personal life of public politicians and media figures always attracts close attention from society and the press. Therefore, many of them try to protect themselves and their families from journalists and strictly limit information about this. The editors of the site invite you to read about the family life of Vladimir Putin.
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The population of our planet is 7.5 billion people. But only a small percentage can boast that they have influence on various processes occurring in the world. In this review we will talk about the ten most influential people of our time.
10. Larry Page
Our review opens with one of the creators of the Google search engine. It was Larry who came up with the search algorithm, which, with some modifications, is still used today by the most popular search engine. As the service grew into the most powerful company in the world, Page gained great influence. At the moment, this man’s fortune is 50 billion US dollars. Forbes magazine ranks Page's importance and influence in the world in 5th place.
9. Narendra Modi
India is one of the most populous countries in the world. And its leader, by definition, is one of the most powerful. Thanks to Modi, India's economy today has significant achievements. But the politician himself is credited with nationalistic views. He did not provide protection to Muslims during the 2002 pogroms and banned officials from speaking in one of India's main languages, English. Narendra Modi is loved and hated, but his influence in the world is undeniable.
8. Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud
The 31-year-old crown prince of Saudi Arabia, who serves as his country's defense minister, is considered the "Arab Trump." He has great popularity in his country and a Western outlook on life. He often appears in public, gives television interviews and has given women the right to drive. He runs his own Instagram, which is a great achievement for such a conservative country as Saudi Arabia. Prince Mohammed, the future ruler of a country that is the main supplier of oil to the world, cannot help but be one of the most influential people in the world. But his main mission is to create conditions in the country to “get off the oil needle.” The economic program of Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud implies achieving this by 2030.
7. Bill Gates
No ranking of influential people is complete without Microsoft creator Bill Gates. He is also one of the top 10 richest people in the world. After selling shares of his former company, Gates plunged headlong into philanthropy. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (together with his wife) addresses issues of infant mortality, increasing agricultural productivity, health and education issues. Recently, the views of the philanthropist have become more conservative. He speaks negatively about some new technologies (such as cryptocurrencies) and tries to reduce the negative impact of progress on the environment.
6. Pope Francis
The influence of Catholicism in the world is very high. And the head of the Vatican cannot but be on this list. Today Pope Francis is 81 years old. He opposes abortion and euthanasia. Previously, he often spoke out against same-sex marriage, but has recently changed his position on this issue. Unlike its predecessors, it publishes financial reports on the activities of the Vatican. Although the pontiff has health problems, Pope Francis radiates a strength that inspires and encourages millions of people around the world to do good deeds.
5. Jeff Bezos
One of the richest people of our time. Jeff is the owner of the world's largest online store, Amazon, owns the publishing house The Washington Post, and is trying to solve the problem of private space flights. Bezos was raised by his mother's second husband, whom he greatly respects and considers family. And thanks to my grandfather, I traveled in a van throughout most of the USA and Canada. Since childhood, Jeff was interested in various designs and this came in handy in the future. After developing his core business, Bezos' fortune grew to such a point that he was able to transform himself from a businessman into a philanthropist, which is exactly what Jeff did. Today it is known that the creator of Amazon spent more than $100 million on charity.
4. Angela Merkel
Germany's "Iron Lady" has ruled the country since 2005. For all its ambiguity, the figure of this political figure is very bright. It is believed that only Angela can fight back against Russian influence in the West. Last year became very difficult for the former physical chemist. The UK left the European Union and left Germany to finance the negative economies of several countries. The issue of migrants is acute in Germany. But Merkel is trying to solve all the problems that have befallen her as efficiently as possible.
3. Donald Trump
The 45th President of the United States seems crazy and funny only at first glance. This strong businessman and fairly strong politician with a billion-dollar fortune deftly manages his country and squeezes dividends for the United States in a difficult global situation. To create more jobs, Trump withdrew his country from the Trans-Pacific Partnership and resumed shale oil production. The main political achievements of the US President were withdrawal from the Iranian nuclear program and a meeting with North Korean leader Kim Jong-in.
2. Xi Jinping
Second place in our ranking is taken by Xi Jinping. He is the Chairman of the People's Republic of China. From the first day of the reign of the most populous country in the world, this politician has been carrying out reforms, the main goal of which is to eradicate corruption and improve economic indicators in the country. The head of state is very popular among the people. Xi Jinping loves football, martial arts and Russian fiction. A wise and purposeful politician is leading China to new goals. Under his leadership, China's influence on the world is only growing every year.
1. Vladimir Putin
The ability to govern a country is quite rare. Some achieve their goals by bleeding the whole country, while others carry out smart reforms. There are many people in history who, through their activities, were able to significantly change the face of the country in the time allotted to them. As a result, their contemporaries remember them, honor them, and learn from their activities.
Any actions of great politicians affected millions of people, changing the destinies and appearance of the state. In addition, we often had to fight not only with internal enemies, but also with external ones. One thing is for sure - a politician must be charismatic in order to lead.
And in order to influence society, it is not necessary to be at the very top of power. Sometimes even while in opposition, the politician did a lot for the country. The most famous politicians in the history of civilization will be discussed below. At the same time, it would be useful to recall their most famous phrases.
Mohandas "Mahatma" Gandhi (1869-1948) Largely thanks to this man, India was able to rid itself of centuries-old British rule. Gandhi's work was based on his philosophy of non-violence, or satyagraha. The politician abandoned the armed struggle, as many others would have done in his place, in favor of a peaceful one. As a result, a powerful movement of supporters of non-violent change emerged in the country. The struggle for independence was carried out through peaceful resistance. Gandhi called on Indians to boycott English institutions and goods; citizens of the country even defiantly violated some laws. Caste inequality, which became the scourge of Indian society, became the subject of Gandhi's struggle. He spoke about the need to get rid of untouchability not only from temples, but also from other spheres of life. Today the name of this politician is revered in India no less than some saints. Gandhi became the spiritual leader of the nation; he devoted his entire life to reconciling the religious strife that was tearing the country apart. Sadly, it was the violence against which the politician fought that became the cause of his death. Gandhi is credited with the following words: “The world is large enough to satisfy the needs of any person, but too small to satisfy human greed” and “If you want a change in the future, be that change in the present.”
Alexander the Great (356-323 BC). This king of Macedonia and creator of a great empire is better known as one of the most successful commanders in world history. But his political activities are often forgotten. But it was he who created a new great state, which was located on three continents, covering an area of more than two million square miles. The empire stretched from Greece in the West to the Danube in the north, with its southern border in Egypt and its eastern border in the Indian Punjab. The entire country was united by a single trade and transport network. At the same time, the emperor managed to found more than 70 new cities. Alexander brought a common and common Greek culture and language to his empire, and he himself did not hesitate to study the customs and morals of other peoples in order to more easily manage them. For his own army, the emperor was an unsurpassed genius and strategist. He set an example of behavior for the soldiers, instilling in them an invincible spirit. Even in his time, in antiquity, no one doubted that Alexander the Great was the greatest commander. Even then he was nicknamed the Great. But Napoleon Bonaparte admired the emperor’s government talents more than his military exploits. For example, in Egypt, Alexander paid a visit to the sacred oracle of the country, Amun, which endeared him to the inhabitants. In addition, he left the former governors to govern the country, expelling the hated Persians and organizing festivities. Alexander, essentially an invader of Egypt, was able to become an idol there. The following phrases are attributed to the great politician and commander: “There cannot be two suns in the sky and two rulers on earth,” “Wars depend on glory, and often a lie that is believed becomes the truth,” “There is nothing more slavish than luxury and bliss.” , and nothing more royal than labor.”
Mao Zedong (1893-1976). This Chinese politician of the last century also became the main theoretician of Maoism. Mao joined the Chinese Communist Party in his youth, and in the 1930s he headed one of the regions in Jiangxi province. During the Long March, Mao managed to become one of the leaders of the country's party. In 1949, the People's Republic of China was proclaimed, and Mao Zedong became its de facto leader until the very end of his life. The rule of a leader is considered to be contradictory. On the one hand, he was able to industrialize the country, raising the standard of living of the poorest segments of the population. Mao managed to unify China, including Inner Mongolia, Tibet and East Turkestan. But these lands had the right to self-determination even after the collapse of the Qing Empire. But we must not forget about the numerous repressions that were condemned not only in capitalist countries, but also in socialist ones. Even a cult of the leader’s personality arose in the country. The most difficult legacy of the politician's rule should be considered the crippled fate of millions of people who suffered from cruel and sometimes senseless campaigns. The Cultural Revolution alone claimed the lives of up to 20 million Chinese, and affected another 100 million. In 1949, Mao came to power in a fragmented, underdeveloped and corrupt country. And he left China powerfully independent and possessing atomic weapons. Illiteracy in the country dropped from 80% to 7%, and the population and life expectancy doubled. The most famous phrases of Mao Zedong are: “The enemy will not disappear on its own,” “It is necessary to work with exceptional diligence. Carelessness is unacceptable, it often leads to mistakes”, “What is thinkable is feasible”, “A person who felt the wind of change should not build a shield from the wind, but a windmill.”
Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965). This statesman and politician determined the life of Great Britain and much of the world during difficult times. Churchill was the prime minister of this country in 1940-1945 and 1951-1955. He is also known as a journalist and writer. The Englishman became one of the “Big Three”, which determined the fate of the world after the end of the Second World War. It was he who largely made the world the way we know it today. Churchill became the most prominent British politician of the last century; he managed to remain in power under six monarchs - from Queen Victoria to her great-great-granddaughter Elizabeth II. There is simply no point in listing Churchill's life achievements - he managed to become talented in everything. For his political activities he was made an honorary citizen of the United States, and his literary works were awarded the Nobel Prize. Churchill's political career began before the First World War. The Englishman had already fought in the war by that time. And at the end of his career, Churchill managed to visit the tests of the atomic bomb, the weapons of the New World. The politician's appearance remained unchanged - a bowler hat, a cane and a cigar. He was also an excellent diplomat, artist and even a gardener on his own estate. A 2002 BBC poll found that the British voted Churchill the greatest Briton in history. In 1955, he left big politics, living out the rest of his days in peace. The basis of Churchill's political portrait was his commitment to democracy and total hatred of dictatorship. It is no coincidence that he said that “Democracy is the most terrible form of government, but humanity has not come up with anything better.” That is why Churchill’s attitude towards the USSR was extremely restrained; this politician coined the term “Iron Curtain” and stood at the origins of the Cold War. Churchill’s other great phrases are: “If the truth is many-sided, then the lie is many-voiced”, “Every medal not only glitters, but also casts a shadow”, “Man has expanded his power over everything except himself”, “First one must be honest, and then then - noble”, “To improve means to change, to be perfect means to change often.”
Nelson Mandela (1918-2013). This man went down in history as the first black president of South Africa. He held this post from 1994 to 1999. Mandela was one of the most famous human rights activists during the apartheid period in the country. He began his political activities for the equality of white and black people in college. In 1944, Mandela became one of the founders of the African National Congress (ANC) Youth League. In South Africa, the politician pursued his line by organizing acts of sabotage and armed resistance to the authorities. For this, Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment. At the trial, he made a brilliant speech, where he stated that he was being tried for his desire to build a democratic state in South Africa with equal rights for all citizens. Mandela gained worldwide fame while in solitary confinement in prison. A campaign in defense of the democratic politician swept across the world; demands for his release grew into a struggle against the entire policy of apartheid. After the legalization of the ANC in 1990, Mandela was released. In 1993 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Today the elder is no longer involved in active affairs. Mandela managed to peacefully, simply by his irreconcilable position, destroy one of the most monstrous regimes on the planet. At the same time, revolutions, wars, and social upheavals were not needed. Everything happened through fair parliamentary elections. The politician's birthday is celebrated all over the world as International Nelson Mandela Day. Mandela's reign was short but brilliant. Under him, free medical care was introduced for children, 2 million people received electricity, 3 million had access to water, he increased spending on education and social needs. Mandela owns such famous phrases: “To be free means not just to throw off one’s shackles, but to live, respecting and enhancing the freedom of others,” “When you climb a high mountain, a huge number of mountains open before you that have yet to be climbed,” “ One of the highest achievements for a person is to do his duty, regardless of the consequences."
Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). This American statesman was the 16th President of the United States. He held this post from 1861 until his death. Lincoln became the first Republican president. He is considered to be a national hero in America, because this man went down in the history of the country as a liberator of slaves. Lincoln occupies an important place in the American consciousness. He was able to prevent the collapse of the United States, and under him the formation of the American nation began. And slavery, as a crutch preventing the further normal development of the United States, was abolished. Lincoln laid the foundations for the modernization of the southern states of the country, previously backward and agricultural. Under him, the emancipation of slaves began. Lincoln came up with the basic formulation of democratic goals: “To create a government by the people, of the people, and for the people.” Lincoln was able to build a railroad across the entire continent, connecting the coasts of two oceans. He expanded the state infrastructure, created a new banking system, and was able to solve the agrarian problem. After the end of the Civil War, the government faced many problems. It was necessary to unite the nation and equalize the rights of the population. Lincoln began to do this, but some problems still remain. The President was able to lay the foundations for the future of America; after his death, the United States became the fastest growing country in the world. This determined its current world dominance, which has lasted for a century. Lincoln's strict moral principles allowed him to mobilize all the forces of a divided country and reunite it. Lincoln's most famous phrases: “Whoever denies the freedom of another deserves no freedom himself,” “People who have no faults have very few virtues,” “You can fool a whole people some of the time, you can fool a part of the people all the time, but you cannot deceive everyone all the time”, “Sheep and wolf understand the word “freedom” differently. This is the essence of the disagreements that dominate human society”, “A politician reminds me of a man who killed his father and mother, and then, when he is sentenced, asks for his life on the grounds that he is an orphan”, “Character is like a tree, and reputation is its shadow. We care about the shade, but what we really have to think about is the tree.”
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945). This is the only president in US history who was elected to this high post as many as 4 times. Roosevelt became the country's 32nd ruler, serving at the pinnacle of power from 1933 to 1945. The main phrase of the politician: “we have nothing to fear except fear itself.” Roosevelt repeated these words often when talking about the Great Depression and its consequences. The politician was not afraid to experiment at that difficult time; he was constantly looking for new methods of solving problems. These were public works, social security, fair competition codes, assistance to the unemployed and farmers, and price controls. It was Roosevelt who was at the heart of the creation of the UN. The President, through his activities, significantly influenced world history - after all, under him, the United States relatively successfully went through the Second World War. The politician had a very great influence on the socio-economic life of the country, because he had to deal with the consequences of the Great Depression that hit the United States in the 30s. Biographers of the politician recalled that he was a rather secretive person who was difficult to understand. On his face there was a mask of complacency and secrecy, with which Roosevelt was content. The president’s most famous words were: “I ask you to judge me by the enemies I have made,” “I’m not the smartest guy in the world, but I know how to select smart employees,” “Rules are not always sacred, but principles are,” “ Hungry unemployed people are cadres for dictatorship”, “Don’t go into politics if your skin is a little thinner than that of a rhinoceros.”
Akbar the Great (1542-1605). This padishah belonged to the Great Mughal dynasty, his distant ancestor was Tamerlane himself. Akbar was nicknamed "Indian Solomon for his wisdom." This padishah was able to significantly expand the borders of his country. He conquered northern Hindustan, including Gujerat, Kashmir and the Indus lands. As a commander, he was a successful and valiant warrior, who was distinguished by his generosity towards the vanquished. But Akbar also went down in history as a wise politician. He avoided unnecessary bloodshed, often achieving his goals through peaceful negotiations, dynastic marriages and alliances. Akbar went down in history as a connoisseur of science and art; the best poets, musicians, scientists and artists constantly visited his palace. The ruler was able to create a painting school and a valuable library, which contained 24 thousand volumes. Akbar introduced a uniform system of taxation, and in case of crop failure, no funds were levied. The tax on non-Muslims was also abolished. A unified system of weights and measures, a unified calendar appeared in the empire, and much attention was paid to trade. The main task of Akbar the Great was the reconciliation of all the numerous peoples inhabiting his expanded state. The padishah remained in power for almost 50 years, becoming ruler at the age of 14. Under him, a huge empire, under the supervision and care of its padishah, reached a peak that had never been seen before or since. Akbar went down in history as the Great. This wise ruler was able to unite different peoples. His ideas of the unity of all religions are still relevant today.
Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013). This woman is the most famous among politicians. She was the only one who was Prime Minister of Great Britain. She held this post from 1979 to 1990. All this time she was the most powerful woman in the world. As a politician, Thatcher was a strong personality, but honest. She was not afraid to be stubborn, but she could put herself in the position of her opponent. This woman was ambitious, she was distinguished by equanimity and composure in all situations. In the male-oriented political elite, Thatcher was able to reach the very pinnacle of power. To achieve this, she dedicated her entire life to the struggle and pursuit of this goal. Margaret's career progressed in small steps, because she came from a low-income class. It seemed impossible for a person from that environment, and even a woman, to achieve high goals. Thatcher accomplished the impossible - the daughter of a small shop owner, who grew up in a house without running water, was able to break into male politics and take the post of Prime Minister of Great Britain. Thatcher came to power when the country was in dire need of reform. During her reign, GDP grew by 23%, employment by 33%, and spending on law and order by 53%. She reduced unemployment and introduced tax reforms. Thatcher's foreign policy focused on the United States. The prime minister supported Reagan's initiatives regarding the USSR. The woman was not afraid to start a war for the Falkland Islands, defending the positions and prestige of Great Britain. It is no coincidence that Thatcher was nicknamed the “Iron Lady” for her firmness and integrity. She is credited with the following words: “Any woman who understands the problems that arise in running a home can understand the problems that arise in running a country,” “I am extremely patient, provided that in the end it turns out my way,” “Women are much more They know how to say “no” better than men, “You don’t have to agree with your interlocutor to find a common language with him,” “Free cheese only comes in a mousetrap.”
Qin Shi Huang (259-210 BC). This great ruler of the Qin kingdom. The virtue of Shi Huang is called his activity in ending the centuries-old history of the warring Chinese kingdoms. In 221 BC. he was able to create a centralized state in Inner China, becoming its sole ruler. During the massive campaign to unify the country, important reforms were introduced to consolidate the gains achieved. The emperor proclaimed that all chariots should have an axle of the same length, and all hieroglyphs should be written in a standard way. As a result of such positions, a unified road system was created in the country, and the disparate writing system was replaced by a unified one. The Emperor also introduced a unified monetary system, a system of weights and measures. To suppress local trends toward sovereignty, Qin Shi Huang divided his empire into 36 military regions. The walls surrounding the former kingdoms were demolished. Only their northern part remained, having strengthened them, the Great Wall of China was erected, which protected the country from the attacks of nomads. Shi Huangdi was rarely in the capital, constantly traveling around the country. The authority of the emperor was so great that a huge funeral complex was built in his honor during his lifetime. It was built by 700 thousand people, and the burial perimeter was 6 kilometers. It is curious that, unlike his predecessors, the emperor abandoned human sacrifices. The tomb was found only in 1974, and is still being studied. There turned out to be a whole terracotta army of 8099 soldiers.
Charles de Gaulle (1890-1970). This French general managed to transform from a brilliant military man into an equally talented politician. Charles de Gaulle founded the Fifth Republic, becoming its first president in 1959. The general gained fame from his leadership of the French Resistance during World War II. During his life, he managed to become a real symbol of the freedom of France, as Joan of Arc once was. In fact, Charles de Gaulle took control of the country twice. Each time she was on the verge of disaster, and the politician returned her international prestige and put the economy in order. In foreign policy, France has become an independent player, abruptly leaving the influence of the United States. There is a lot of talk not only about the merits of de Gaulle as a politician, but also about his mistakes. Surprisingly, this talented military theorist did not participate in a single historically important battle. Nevertheless, he managed to save France from defeat. The military man, not familiar with the economy, was able to effectively govern the country during two presidential terms and lead it out of the crisis. The whole point is that de Gaulle knew how to effectively manage the affairs entrusted to him - be it a rebel committee or the government of a large country. De Gaulle’s most famous words were: “Politics is too serious a matter to be entrusted to politicians”, “Always choose the most difficult path - there you will not meet competitors”, “The deepest motivation for the activity of the best and strongest people is their desire for power” .
