Due to their multifunctionality, such buildings can alternately be an elementary school, a kindergarten, or a combined educational institution combining preschool groups and an elementary education building.
The transforming building will change its purpose depending on the needs of the area. Refurbishment can be done during the summer holidays. It will cost much less than building another building.
“The need for kindergartens and schools is constantly growing, so the city is looking for new ways to resolve the issue. The idea of building transformer buildings arose several years ago. On behalf of the mayor of Moscow, Sergei Sobyanin, standard architectural and technical solutions were developed for a combined elementary school block with a preschool department, -
Marat Khusnullin
Deputy Mayor of Moscow in the Government of Moscow for urban planning policy and construction
For example, a kindergarten for 300 kids can accommodate 12 preschool groups. When transformed into an elementary school, the group rooms are transformed into 12 classrooms. The combined block will accommodate four elementary school classes and eight preschool groups.
In 2018, it is planned to commission three transformer buildings at the expense of the budget.
A combined BNK with a preschool department for 300 children will be built as part of school No. 1985 in the north-west of the capital in the Kurkino district at the address: st. Vorotynskaya, ow. 12, bldg. 3.
The same block of primary classes with the possibility of transformation will be erected at gymnasium No. 1786 in the South Butovo district in the south-west of the capital at the address: st. Admiral Lazarev, 77 (ZHSK "Alfa").
There will be four classrooms on each floor of the three-story buildings. If BNK is transformed into a kindergarten, then the classes will be adapted for 12 groups. On the ground floor, there will be a wardrobe, a dining room for 150 people, speech therapist, psychologist and medical offices.
There will also be a circle club with the possibility of transformation into a room for extended day groups and a hall for music and physical education.
The second floor will be occupied by a gym with a locker room, showers and toilets, rooms for extended day groups and an assembly hall with 243 seats.
On the third floor, a library with a reading room and a media library, a teacher's room, a methodological room, additional education, labor, technical modeling and technical toys, fine arts and nature rooms will be equipped.
When transformed into a kindergarten for 300 children, classrooms with recreation areas and toilets are transformed into 12 groups of four on each floor.
The dining room becomes a group for a short stay of children, the assembly hall - a music hall, the library premises - a circle for classes on computers and a hall for choreography.
Showers and changing rooms at the gym are used as technical premises: storerooms, laundries, etc. The gym, first-aid post and administrative premises will retain their function. The transformation will be carried out with the help of dismantling and additional construction of partitions.
BNK for 300 places with the possibility of transformation into a kindergarten will be built for secondary school No. 2109 in the south-west of the capital in the Yuzhnoye Butovo district at the address: microdistrict Shcherbinka, md. 3, st. Brusilova, d. 29, bldg. one.
The building will also have three floors. Each floor will house four classrooms that can be transformed into groups for preschoolers.
On the first floor there will be bedrooms for after-school groups, an assembly hall for 243 seats, a canteen for 150 seats, a medical office and a cloakroom for an elementary school.
The second floor will be occupied by a gym with locker rooms, toilets and showers and a room for extended day groups, the third floor will be occupied by a library with a reading room and a media library, a room for an extended day group, a speech therapist's office, a psychologist's office, a teacher's room and an administration office.
Alas, kindergarten No. 1 "Solnyshko" in Polyarnye Zori is no more. Since August 21, it has been closed, fortunately, only on paper. Officially, the institution is merged with kindergarten No. 3. For convenience, the managers decided to call the joyfully sunny building the “Sun” building, and the one behind the police, the “Herringbone” building.
The resolution of the head of the city on the reorganization of two preschool institutions in the form of joining a smaller one to a larger one was issued on April 6, 2015. And already on July 1, in the work books of employees of preschool educational institution No. 1, an entry appeared that they are now working in preschool educational institution No. 3.
In one harness...
New Year 2015 in our municipality was celebrated by six city kindergartens and one village kindergarten (Afrikanda-2). Two of the seven were autonomous. They decided to combine them this year.
Recall that kindergarten No. 3 this year is 41 years old. Prior to the merger, the company had 67 employees. The garden was visited by 240 pupils from 11 groups.
In kindergarten No. 1, the staff before the reorganization was 28 people, one of them worked at 0.75 rates, there were 4 groups, the total number of children was 75 people. The kindergarten will be four years old in 2015.
To date, the united preschool educational institution has 15 groups, 315 pupils and 94 employees. The head of the kindergarten is Elena Sergeevna Munko. The former head of preschool educational institution No. 1, Lyubov Albertovna Drugova, is now the senior educator of preschool educational institution No. 3, who oversees the work of the Sun building. With Lyubov Albertovna and Elena Sergeevna, we are talking about the pros and cons of the reorganization.
Bigger garden, better funding
“Together with the resolution,” says the manager, “we received a list of measures that had to be carried out as part of the reorganization. The procedure itself is quite lengthy, but today the process is almost completed.
We started with meetings of labor collectives and parents' meetings in both institutions. They talked about the upcoming changes, answered numerous questions. The bottom line is that no deterioration was expected. The reorganization did not directly affect children, let alone parents. Nobody transferred children or teachers anywhere. It’s just that now the “Solnyshko” building and the “Herringbone” building are one institution, one common house.
There were questions from employees about layoffs. We explained that the reorganization of such measures does not involve. As a result, each employee remained at his workload, somewhere there are even improvements. So, from October 1, the psychologist "Sun" will have a full rate (previously, the load was 0.5 rates). The workload of the speech therapist will increase: from October 1, she will work in both buildings for one and a half rates. The nurse had a 0.75 rate, now it's full. We managed to increase the workload due to internal movements, and we did not have to look for employees from outside.
According to Elena Munko, the second positive aspect is the opportunity to stimulate the work of working personnel, whose wages are financed from the local budget.
Another achievement, according to the head, was the fulfillment of the obligations taken to parents that in the summer, when the number of children and caregivers is temporarily reduced, all children will remain in their places. True, speaking of prudent spending of budgetary funds, Elena Sergeevna does not exclude the possibility that separate premises will be vacated next summer.
“We are state people,” the manager explains, “we understand why this is happening. And if there is an opportunity to use some means more rationally, we will try to do it.”
And one more plus from the association is, according to E.S. Munko, that per capita funding will now allow the kindergarten to make expensive acquisitions. Previously, for the "Sun", where there were 75 children, large purchases were, as they say, unaffordable.
The main thing - no sudden movements!
The most important thing, - Lyubov Albertovna Drugova enters into the conversation, - is that the reorganization did not directly affect teachers, they work with children, each in their own building, separately. Passions have already subsided, parents have calmed down. The safety of children is at the same high level.
- Lyubov Albertovna, probably, it is most difficult for you, because before you were the actual mistress of the "Sun"?
Here, of course, a tactful approach is important. It is difficult for Elena Sergeevna to immediately enter into the problems of our kindergarten and understand what is happening. Moreover, we worked on different programs. It is not that simple. Now I just oversee my institution as a senior educator ...
According to the staff list, we have two senior educators, - Elena Munko confirms, - but Lyubov Albertovna works as a curator. I can't be in two different buildings at the same time, and yet something happens all the time in the kindergarten. And Lyubov Albertovna makes decisions independently on many issues.
In general, the organization process is still only being established. We are thinking about how we can hold parent-teacher meetings, pedagogical meetings, where to gather territorially. I will need to schedule my work so that I can be in one kindergarten and another. And which option will be optimal, while it is difficult to say. I understand that everything will be resolved. Life will tell. The main thing is to be optimistic about what is happening.
Indeed, - confirms L.A. Drugova, - in terms of organization, we still have more questions than answers. But now you just need to work. And there is still a lot of work ahead. In connection with the reorganization, we will have to go through the licensing procedures for educational activities, medical…
And this also needs money, - Elena Munko agrees. - In order to exchange experience, we went to Apatity, where we have already experienced the process of merging kindergartens and are waiting for the second wave, during which three kindergartens will be merged. But they have their own specifics - kindergartens in Apatity were originally small, four to six groups each. Colleagues admitted that it was difficult to adapt through trial and error. And so we decided to do without sudden movements, we will do everything together, make decisions deliberatively.
Speaking about the need to obtain licenses, Elena Munko and Lyubov Albertovna modestly kept silent about the fact that a titanic work has already been done on the reorganization. But things are still unfinished. All documents will have to be changed, and this is very serious. The workload is colossal, and this is one of the disadvantages of the reorganization. And then there are all kinds of checks - ministerial and local - for fire safety, compliance with sanitary safety rules, etc. However, the garden is ready for this.
Two pairs of shoes and... congratulations!
- Will the reorganization affect the traditional distribution of kindergarten graduates by school?- I ask a question to both interlocutors.
As long as everything remains in its place,” the manager smiles, “after all, no one has canceled the principle of territoriality. We hope the traditions will be preserved.
- Speaking of traditions, is there something that one team would like to borrow from another?
You know, - Elena Munko is the first to respond, - we found out that we have the same leadership style. We are similar. And we will adopt traditions.
Now we do not need drastic changes, - continues Lyubov Albertovna. We will gradually change. In Yolochka, for example, there was a strong military-patriotic orientation. We had a family-type kindergarten. Let's learn from each other...
We have already decided, - Elena Munko shares her plans, - that we will try to unite the teams, celebrate anniversaries and holidays together. I think there will be reciprocity...
- Elena Sergeevna, do you already know all your new subordinates?
Many I knew before. I can still confuse patronymics, but I think I recognize everyone by sight.
- And now you probably have two offices?
Well, of course, I have no time to sit in the office. But I already have interchangeable shoes in the “Sun” building. And my shoes are standing next to Lyubov Albertovna's shoes ...
Will the reorganization that has taken place be reflected in your wishes to the united team in connection with the upcoming professional holiday?
In our life, - Elena Munko is the first to take the floor, - now there are many innovations, not all of them, perhaps, are rosy. That is why we all need patience. Of course, our financial situation does not always meet expectations, and not everything depends on the leaders, but I still want to wish you well.
Patience to you, my dear colleagues, health and, of course, human happiness. And we will try to do everything possible so that everything is fine at work!
This holiday is recent, as young as our garden, - continues Lyubov Albertovna. - I would like to congratulate everyone and wish in our difficult and even aggressive time, of course, health, creative success, a pleasant environment and a sunny mood. Let at least this day everything will be fine!
Combining kindergartens and schools is a topic of current interest, but not a new one. Back in the early 90s, an experiment was conducted in the capital to create educational complexes, but the experiment failed miserably. The failure can be explained by the legal inconsistency of the system at that time: educational complexes were not formalized in any way and it came to the point that teachers were not credited with the length of service in such joint institutions. The merger of kindergartens and schools, in addition, took place under the auspices of the continuity of education, but in reality nothing has changed and the words about continuity remained only on paper.
Now officials have returned to the idea of reviving the experiment. It must be said that such integrated centers have been operating successfully abroad for a long time. Therefore, if we are talking about the USA, Europe, then there the child begins to go to school from the age of 4 - not to a classical school in our understanding, but to the preschool department of an educational center.
Teachers and parents treat the “second wind” with caution, and some even with prejudice. What are their fears and why are not all institutions happy to support the idea of rallying?
Combining kindergartens and schools: what in fact
The educational complex includes several kindergartens and schools, united legally. The director of the school is at the head of the complex. Heads of kindergartens become heads of departments. It is quite natural that duplicative positions (for example, an accountant or a methodologist) are reduced.
Among the goals of the associations is also indicated "the opportunity for more children to receive a much better education." The situation before the experiment developed in such a way that in each district there were prestigious schools and kindergartens, which, of course, everyone aspired to get into, and less popular institutions, which remained half-empty due to a shortage. Officials, by combining strong institutions with weak ones, hope to “pull up” the latter and make all kindergartens and schools in the districts attractive to citizens.
However, in fact, prestigious schools are merged with other prestigious schools and kindergartens. Not a single, let's call it, "elite" educational institution will agree to unite with an institution that is not quoted by the population. Therefore, one of the stated goals of the merger is not realized.
At the same time, those educational institutions (as a rule, they can be attributed to popular among the population) that oppose the merger, in fact, risk being left out of work: all “strong” schools and kindergartens will already be reorganized into educational complexes, for which the new unit - a burden.
Combining kindergartens and schools: pluses
One of the essential and most important advantages of the association is cost savings. In the capital, as we know, per capita funding has been introduced, that is, money is allocated not for the entire institution, but for one student or pupil. The more children are included in the educational complex, the richer it is. In light of the reduction in staff, free funds appear that can be spent on improving equipment, purchasing methodological material, and bonus payments to teachers.
Small educational institutions with few people could not afford qualified specialists: speech therapist, swimming instructor. In the educational complex, this becomes possible.
In addition, it enhances continuity of preschool and primary school education. Emphasis is placed on introducing the child to the school even before he goes to the first grade. The child has time to adapt to the school walls before the official admission to school.
Importantly, the resources at the disposal of one institution of the complex become available to other departments: a library, a swimming pool, a gym, a sensory room, and so on.
Combining kindergartens and schools is promising in terms of building a dialogue in the professional sphere. Teachers exchange experiences, choose the most optimal system of relationships, pay salaries, for example.
For parents, the educational complex is a great advantage, since they do not have to fight for a "place in the sun" for their children. Children attending a kindergarten as part of an educational complex automatically enter a school from the same complex. They can, of course, go to another school if there are places.
Combining kindergartens and schools: cons
One of the main disadvantages is downsizing. Many teachers are losing their jobs, and finding new ones is not so easy.
Wherein, workload on remaining staff increases. Not all directors are ready for expanded powers. As you know, managing a large country (in this case, an educational complex) is much more difficult than a small state (a school).
The leaders of kindergartens have other concerns: from their point of view, the experiment should have been carried out in a different direction. Instead of combining two different levels of education, it would be logical to consolidate preschool institutions of the same order. In addition, charitable funds that used to go to the account of a preschool institution and could be spent freely at the discretion of the head of the kindergarten and the governing council will now be controlled by the head of the school, which will significantly limit the freedom of action with finances.
Many believe that integration, which is experimental and not fully developed, will lead to dictatorship of the school over the kindergarten. In fact, this will be expressed in the fact that the school will try to include in the kindergarten program as much material as possible to prepare for the first grade. Instead of the priority game direction in the preschool program, which, by the way, is prescribed in the new Federal State Educational Standards, the emphasis will be placed on preparing the child for the first grade - that is, learning.
How the experiment will end is not yet clear, just as it is not entirely clear for all participants in the process: teachers, leaders and parents, a clear scheme for the work of the educational complex. Nevertheless, the experiment continues to gain momentum, and the Department of Education is replenished with applications for the merger of kindergartens and schools.
Opinions:
Maria Yasnova:
- Nonsense. Kindergarten is kindergarten, school is school. Two different institutions. They study at school, relax in kindergarten before school. What's the point of combining them?
Veronica 65:
“It feels like we've been through it all before. My daughter is already grown up. In the early nineties, it was like this: a kindergarten was attached to a school, a preparatory group worked in the kindergarten, in which teachers from the school taught.
Anna Aleksandrovna:
“But I think that this is a great idea, very humane for a child. In a few years of being in the garden, the child will get used to the children and will go to school with the same children, he will experience less stress. At the same time, the program in kindergarten and school will most likely be the same. For example, now in many schools they study according to the “School 2100”. It is very difficult for children. If you start with it in the garden, then everything will go like clockwork.
Zhenya Alakina:
— I live in the north of Moscow. At us too with might and main there is an association of schools and gardens. True, what it is and why it is done - no one understands. Teachers, it seems, do not mind - they are promised an increase in salary, and kindergartens, on the contrary, are not eager.
Consolidation of schools and kindergartens in Moscow became commonplace. Such a process was supported by the Department of Education back in 2012. From that moment on, new types of educational institutions began to appear - educational centers.
The initiative was gloomily received by the public, but still many applications were submitted from various institutions. Only in the first year of the introduction of the "experiment" 1,411 applications were accepted for the creation of 445 educational complexes. But not all applications were satisfied. Only 300 such centers have been established, comprising 849 educational institutions.
It should immediately be noted that the strict principles associations of kindergartens, schools in Moscow was not noted. Most often, educational centers were created on the basis of institutions that had territorial overcrowding and were not separated by major roads. In addition, a certain trend was noted, weak establishments merged with strong ones. It should be noted that this was a fairly rational action.
Despite the fact that the goal of such a process is to increase the level of security, there are opponents of such a merger. With the help of the article, we will deal in detail with all the pitfalls of such a process, point out the pros.
Merging Benefits
A new experiment in our country with the creation of educational complexes based on educational institutions is not new. Moreover, in Europe and America, such establishments have been successfully functioning for a long time. What are the advantages of a merger? Let's list the key benefits.
From September 1, 2014, all kindergartens in Moscow became part of. Perhaps a similar reorganization in the future awaits regional preschool organizations, especially small organizations. Natalia Tverskaya, Director of Education Center No. 345 in Moscow, talks about emerging in the process of merging kindergartens and schools.
Is it worth creatingeducational complexes?
Natalya Viktorovna, tell us about the procedure for merging kindergartens and education center No. 345.
N.T.: For more than 15 years, our education center has included a preschool department located in a separate building. And now, when educational complexes are being created in Moscow, which include several kindergartens, schools and additional education organizations, we have already accumulated a lot of experience working with preschool departments. Currently, the process of reorganization of the educational complex is being completed. It will include two schools, including our education center with a pre-school department, and two kindergartens, which, in turn, were created two years ago through reorganization on the basis of four kindergartens.
Thus, the complex will include five buildings for preschool groups. It should be noted that we are connecting kindergartens of a compensatory type, in which all conditions have been created for children with speech defects, children with disabilities, including those with cerebral palsy. All kindergartens are combined into a structural subdivision of the Preschool Department complex. In addition, each kindergarten will have its own name: "Lukomorye", "Solnyshko" and others.
In your opinion, is the union of kindergartens and schools the right decision?
N.T.: Yes. Firstly, all financial issues should be dealt with by qualified specialists: accountants, economists, lawyers, office staff. They work in the interests of the entire complex, including kindergartens: purchases in a kindergarten within the framework of the 44th federal law are carried out centrally, the accounting service draws up a general plan for financial and economic activities, etc. Of course, not every kindergarten, especially a small one, can afford it all. So I had to train a senior educator or a teacher-psychologist in the organization of purchases or record keeping. And in the educational complex, special centralized services are being created.
Therefore, employees of the preschool department can safely do their favorite thing - raising children. Secondly, a common educational environment is formed in the educational complex, getting into it, preschoolers become part of it. For example, pupils of our preschool department always take part in the activities of the education center together with schoolchildren. This greatly facilitates the adaptation of not only graduates of the preschool department to school, but also their parents, who sometimes experience more than their children. A single parent community is being formed in the educational complex. For parents of preschool children, the tasks facing the school are obvious. When they bring a three-year-old child to the kindergarten, they immediately get acquainted with the school, primary school teachers, get an idea of what awaits their child in the future.
A single parent community is being formed in the educational complex. For parents of preschool children, the tasks facing the school are obvious. When they bring a three-year-old child to the kindergarten, they immediately get acquainted with the school, primary school teachers, get an idea of what awaits their child in the future.
What kind of educational complexes should have?
What is the management structure of preschool departments as part of the educational complex?
N.T.: The educational complex is headed by a director. Kindergartens are supervised by the deputy director for preschool and primary education, thereby ensuring continuity between these levels of education.
Senior teachers work in kindergartens, some of them are former heads. They are directly involved in the organization of the educational process and on all issues they turn to the deputy for preschool and primary education.
Once a week, an administrative meeting is held, in which all deputies participate. We discuss what has been done, what has not been successful and for what reason, what difficulties have arisen, and we set tasks for the next week. If an operational meeting is required, we will meet unscheduled.
In addition, after the merger of the kindergarten and the school, an internal website was created in our education center. Each teacher and educator can access it via a computer or their mobile devices anywhere in the school or kindergarten, since the Internet is available everywhere
I issued an order, according to which all employees of the education center must go to the local network daily at 8 am, 3 pm and 5 pm to view ads in the chat. Head teachers, educators, teachers write in a chat about everything that happens in the education center: holding open classes, holidays, reporting, the release of new documents (which can be found in the same place, on the local network), etc. Thus, a constant communication, and all employees of the education center are in the know. This innovation has been introduced only in our center so far, but after the reorganization we plan to extend it to the entire educational complex
How did you manage to build relationships with the heads of kindergartens? After all, they were actually demoted ...
N.T.: If people still have an interesting job, the prospect of professional growth, respect for children, their parents and colleagues, and all this is provided with decent wages, then people will work with pleasure, no matter what their position is called. In addition, we should not forget that in recent years, the heads of kindergartens have been entrusted with a heavy burden of financial and economic activities in the context of a sharp increase in the independence of educational organizations. And within the framework of the educational complex, this task will be solved by its services.
Staff of educational complexes
What is the ratio of the level of salaries of teachers in the school and in the preschool department?
N.T.: Last year, in our education center, teachers' salaries amounted to approximately 60,000 rubles. In kindergarten, the salary of educators was no more than 30 thousand rubles. - an average of 22-28 thousand rubles. To date, the salary in kindergarten has increased and averages 40 thousand rubles. The possibility of its increase appeared, including at the expense of extrabudgetary funds. Upon completion of the reorganization process, additional funds will appear due to savings, in particular, reduction in utility costs, as a result of optimizing the staffing of the complex and (or) increasing the volume of paid educational services. For example, to clear the roof of snow, the school will pay 100 thousand rubles, each kindergarten - 50 thousand rubles. For us, as a single organization, the same service will cost less - not 250 thousand, but 200 thousand rubles. The money saved can be used to increase salaries. The financial independence of the organization has its advantages - we see how much money we have, we decide where and how it can be distributed.
Did you have to reduce the staff of kindergartens during the reorganization?
N.T.: The fact is that for a year and a half the attendants - nurses and cooks - are not full-time employees of our center. It was always like this at school - a third-party organization with which the Department of Education entered into a service contract was responsible for the nutrition of children. Medical workers were employees of medical institutions.
In kindergartens now also: the Department of Education concludes a contract for three years with an organization that provides food for pupils. At the same time, we managed to leave our chefs in their place. For example, a cook and his assistant, who had worked in our preschool department for 30 years, were transferred to the staff of a food service organization without any loss in salary.
It is more difficult with medical workers: after being transferred to the staff of a medical institution, their wage rates turned out to be lower than in kindergarten. I hope this problem will also be solved in time. In a kindergarten, a medical worker cannot be visiting. The nurse should receive children in the morning and stay in the institution all day, monitor the sanitary and hygienic condition of the premises, the health of the pupils, and carry out preventive measures.
In my opinion, the gradual transfer of all non-core functions to outsourcing is the right decision. Having concluded contracts for security, medical care and catering, we reserve the function of control.
Prospects and development of educational complexes
What are the prospects for the development of kindergartens in your educational complex?
N.T.: Now young families have a great need for nursery groups for children from one and a half years old. Our kindergarten is ready to accept children of this age. We also have teachers who can work with them, and the material base. The preschool department occupies a new building, which was built seven years ago according to a project that provides for the placement of nursery groups.
In addition, we plan to open weekend and short stay groups for children. The services of the weekend group are in great demand by parents, who have the opportunity to leave the child in kindergarten for several hours on Saturday and Sunday.
Increased demand caused another idea. We offered young parents a service to teach how to raise a child. Our teachers provide methodological assistance, advisory support, explain to parents how to teach a child to draw, dress, and be obedient.
What would you wish to the heads of kindergartens who are about to join the school?
N.T.: First of all, don't be afraid to join. Kindergarten and school should be one team! Combining will definitely give a good result. The longer we work with preschoolers, the more I become convinced that this is the case.
