Author: Dyachenko Valeria,
4th grade student of DMBOU "Gymnasium 1", Biysk
Head: Nizhegorodtseva Aksana Yurievna,
primary school teacher
MBOU "Gymnasium 1", Biysk
Research
"George Ribbon"
Relevance
In May 2015, Russia will celebrate the 70th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. Every year, from April 24 to May 12, starting from 2005, a large-scale action called "St. George's Ribbon" is held.
The action begins with the distribution of small sections of ribbons by volunteers among the population.
Handed out ribbons at the subway,
People took them, attached them to their chests,
Some for handbags, some for cars.
They handed out ribbons at the subway ...
The ribbon was presented to the Veteran,
He pressed her to his chest,
And in the eyes, suddenly, tears appeared.
What happened in these minutes
In the memory of a hero and a soldier?
Maybe he remembered an enemy raid,
Maybe a girl from the medical battalion? ..
How many roads have been traveled
And in the heat and in severe frosts ...
From the memories on the cheeks
Tears rolled and rolled.
Old worn jacket
Cane and hunched shoulders.
In that war, he defended with his chest
Our future meetings with you,
Our kisses under the moon
Our happiness is in a small apartment,
To live with you now
And calmly walked the earth.
And we don't have that right.
Forget the heroic deed of grandfathers!
How many lives have been taken by the war
Before they won?!
How many died for the country
Without even leaving your name!
Handed out ribbons at the subway,
Flame and smoke colored ribbons.
Yes, such a ribbon can often be seen on Victory Day! Orange and black stripes - what do they mean? Why did this particular ribbon become the symbol of the Victory? All these questions haunted me. I decided to do some research and tell my classmates about it.
I set myself a goal: to explore why the St. George Ribbon became a symbol of the Great Victory; to acquaint the students of the gymnasium with the symbols and history of the St. George ribbon.
Tasks:
- learn the history of St. George's Ribbon
- cherish the memory of the defenders of our Motherland
Research methods
1. Poll in adults.
2.Study of scientific, encyclopedic literature
3. Search for information on the local Internet network.
Hypothesis
We can assume that the St. George ribbon is used for decoration.
Theoretical part
1.1. St. George the Victorious
After studying the literature on this topic, I learned. Saint George the Victorious is the patron saint of all defenders of the Fatherland. George lived in the 1st century, he grew up in a Christian family, entered the service of the Roman army. He was courageous, fearless in battles, a brave warrior. George was a real defender, performed miracles of heroism and feats. His most famous feat is the victory over the serpent that devoured people and ruined their homes. As the legend says, when the lot fell to give the king's daughter to be torn to pieces by the monster, George appeared on horseback and pierced the snake with a spear, saving the princess from death. This feat of George is depicted on the coat of arms of Moscow (slide with the coat of arms of Moscow). In those days, believers in Christ were killed. George did not renounce his faith, was tortured and killed.
The St. George Ribbon is a ribbon from the Order of St. George, approved at the beginning of the 18th century as an order for valor shown in a real battle. George Ribbon and Order of St. George were re-approved as symbols of military honor and valor in 1992. St. George ribbon - a two-color ribbon for the Order of St. George, the St. George Cross, the St. George Medal. Also, St. George ribbons on a peakless cap were worn by the sailors of the guards crew of the ship, awarded the St. George flag.
St. George's Ribbons occupy the most honorable place among numerous collective awards (distinctions) of parts Russian army. The colors of the ribbon - black and yellow-orange - mean "smoke and flame" and are a sign of the soldier's personal prowess on the battlefield.
1.2. George Ribbon during the Great Patriotic War
During the Great Patriotic War, continuing martial traditions Russian army, on November 8, 1943, the Order of Glory of three degrees was established. His statute, as well as the yellow and black colors of the ribbon, were reminiscent of the St. George Cross. Then the St. George ribbon, confirming the traditional colors of Russian military prowess, adorned many soldier and modern Russian award medals and badges.
For heroic deeds in the Great Patriotic War, over 11 thousand people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (some of them posthumously), 104 of them twice, three three times (G.K. Zhukov, I.N. Kozhedub and A.I. Pokryshkin ). Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub shot down 62 enemy aircraft. The first during the war years the title of Hero was awarded to Soviet pilots M. P. Zhukov, S. I. Zdorovtsev and P. T. Kharitonov, who rammed Nazi planes on the outskirts of Leningrad.
There are 87 women among the Wartime Heroes of the Soviet Union. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was the first to receive this title (posthumously). Komsomol member Zoya voluntarily joined a special partisan detachment. She twice went to the rear of the enemy. At the end of November 1941, while performing the second combat mission near the village of Petrishchevo, she was captured by the Nazis. In spite of cruel torture, did not give out military secrets and did not give her name.
Action "George Ribbon"
On the eve of the celebration of Victory Day and the days of the action, each participant puts on his lapel, hand, bag or car antenna the St. for the front during the Great Patriotic War. The purpose of this event, according to the initiators of the project, is "creating a symbol of the holiday", "expressing our respect for the veterans, tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front."
The scale of the action has a rather large territorial character. In 2005, 800,000 ribbons were distributed; 1.2 million ribbons were distributed in 2006; In 2007, about 10 million tapes were distributed worldwide.
However, not all residents of Russia support the action. The site za-lentu.ru was created, which defends the St. George's Ribbon and considers the action extremely disrespectful towards the symbol of Victory. First of all, opponents of the action are outraged by the use of the tape for commercial purposes, disrespectful tying it to clothes, bags and even pets. The protesters are considered by some media representatives as fascists or people who do not respect and do not appreciate the veterans of the Great Patriotic War. The moral aspect of this dilemma is extremely complex, and it seems to me that each person decides for himself: either the ribbon is a tribute, the personification of our gratitude, or the misuse of part of the military award.
Practical part
Questionnaire
St. George Ribbon has a glorious history and deserves to be symbolized by its colors Great Victory. Among classmates, I spent sociological survey: "What does the St. George's Ribbon mean to you?". 21 respondents were interviewed, of which 18 answered in various wordings - a symbol of Victory over Nazi Germany; 2 - find it difficult to answer; 1 - I don't know.
From the foregoing, it follows that, in general, in our class, a stable association with the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War was fixed behind the St. George's Ribbon.
Our business
Every year our class takes an active part in the action “We remember! We are proud!”, its main symbol is the St. George Ribbon. Thanks to my research work, the guys expanded their knowledge about the St. George ribbon. Now our traditional events have been supplemented with such things as: congratulations to veterans, laying flowers at the monument Unknown Soldier, congratulations to the residents of the city on May 9 and, of course, the St. George Ribbon campaign
CONCLUSION.
I came to the conclusion that the St. George Ribbon is a centuries-old symbol of Victory, an element of an award set for special military merits in combat operations.
My hypothesis was not confirmed. The St. George ribbon is not an ornament, but an expression of our respect for the veterans, a tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front.
..May day is unusually beautiful - Victory Day is celebrated by the country! Maybe it's not at all accidental - That the war ended in the spring?
It is no coincidence that on this wonderful day, In memory of the heroes of bygone years, The petals of the St. George ribbons have blossomed everywhere today.
List of used literature.
Scientific and popular publication. Everything about everything. LLC Astrel Publishing House 2005
Children's magazine "Philippok"
Big Encyclopedia "Russia", 2008 - Moscow CJSC Olma Medio Group
Complete encyclopedia "History of Russia", 2008-Moscow, Eksmo LLC
Internet resources:
1. http://days.pravoslavie.ru/Life/life6523.htm
2. http://superclass80.ucoz.ru/publ/1-1-0-6
3. http://www.v-kn.ru/content/view/298/109/
4. http://www.flagcenter.ru/news/5/
5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oL3NZmG6sfk6. http://www.statesymbol.ru/news/20050420/39596492.html7. http://genefis-gbr.ru/view.php?id=342
8. http://www.marsiada.ru/624/lica/718/5022
9. http://www.chaskor.ru/p.php?id=6023
The action "St. George's Ribbon" was invented by journalists of the Russian news agency"News" in March 2005. In the same year, the initiative was supported by the Moscow government and public organization The "student community", which since then have been the main organizers of both the action and related events.
The St. George Ribbon action has become one of the most notable events in a series of events dedicated to the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Victory in Moscow and a number of other Russian cities. Its purpose was for citizens to indicate their attitude to the Great Victory Day, respect and gratitude to front-line veterans, recognition of the invaluable role of our country in the fight against world fascism.
Share history
The partners of the campaign are companies and organizations that independently purchased and distributed more than 20,000 St. George ribbons in their region, thus denoting their position as a “caring company”, respecting the memory of the Great Victory and appreciating the history of their country.
Black and orange ribbons have become a symbol of memory of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a sign of eternal gratitude to the veterans who liberated the world from fascism. They could be seen on the antennas of expensive foreign and domestic cars, schoolchildren's backpacks, prams, handbags and jacket lapels. The ribbon has become an attribute of solemn events, traditional meetings with veterans in the schools of the capital, festive festivities in many cities of the Russian Federation.
The St. George Ribbon Action Code, which was created in 2005, states that this is a non-commercial and non-political action. Its purpose is to create a symbol of the holiday - Victory Day, and the ribbon itself is not a heraldic symbol. It cannot be an object of sale, it cannot serve to promote goods and services. It is not allowed to use the tape as an accompanying product or as an element of product packaging.
St. George's Ribbon is spreading. It is not allowed to issue a ribbon to a visitor of a trading establishment in exchange for a purchase, as well as to use it for political purposes by any parties or movements.
Over the years, many companies, mass media, and Internet resources have joined the campaign.
AT 2007 During the campaign, about 10 million St. George ribbons were distributed around the world. In stock countries such as the UK, USA, Greece, Iceland, Czech Republic, Italy, Estonia, Spain, Iceland, South Africa, Serbia, China, etc.
In the same 2007, for the first time, the crew of the International space station tied the St. George ribbons. Since then, the ribbons have been delivered annually to the Baikonur Cosmodrome, from where they are sent to the cosmonauts on the ISS.
AT 2008 during the action, it was distributed all over the world. Almost all regions of Russia took part in it. St. George ribbons were distributed in more than 30 countries around the world. The most active participants were Greece, where more than 20 thousand ribbons were distributed, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Estonia, Latvia, France, Italy, Germany, Belgium, Moldova (Transnistria), Iceland, Great Britain, USA, China, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Mexico.
In 2008, the St. George Ribbon military film festival was held for the first time, which took place in Moscow.
AT 2009 the number of countries that joined the St. George Ribbon campaign, . The first photo exhibition devoted to the St. George Ribbon campaign took place. In the same year, a photo exhibition was held in the United States.
AT 2010 the action "St. George's Ribbon" was held in the hero cities, dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
AT 2011 within the framework of the St. George Ribbon project, the cruising yachts "Marine Corps - Hero Cities 2011" passed along the route Sevastopol - Balaklava - Artek - Sevastopol.
AT 2012 during the action, in addition to "material" ribbons, it was possible to receive and - social network"Odnoklassniki" has launched a free service for placing the image of the ribbon on the photo. In total, more than six million such ribbons were posted.
With 2014 MIA Rossiya Segodnya participates in the campaign as a successor to the best traditions of RIA Novosti. According to Dmitry Kiselyov, head of the Rossiya Segodnya International News Agency, "the ribbon has found a second life and has become a symbol of human dignity in our new times."
In Ukraine, the St. George ribbon has acquired another meaning: it has become a symbol of the struggle against nationalism. In the All-Russian competition "Patriot of Russia", held in 2014, the Internet project of the All-Russian Youth-Patriotic Action "George's Ribbon" took third place in the category "Serving the Fatherland".
Today the St. George Ribbon is already more than an action and even a heraldic symbol.
It has become an international public project designed to unite people in opposition to the development of any xenophobic ideas and attempts to revise history.
St. George's Ribbon - a symbol of victory new Russia, human dignity, honor, loyalty to humanitarian ideals, free and independent self-determination of peoples, resistance to military dictate, aggression and neo-fascism.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources
In the spring of 2005, the St. George Ribbon campaign appeared, which grew out of the Our Victory project. The main goal of this project was to popularize and publish documents and photographs of the Great Patriotic War. The organizers of the action tried to convey to the youth the truth about the Great Patriotic War. The St. George ribbon was chosen as a symbol of the holiday, reminiscent of the valor of Soviet soldiers, who, thanks to their courage, were able not only to drive the enemy away, but also to defeat his lair, forever destroying the world threat.
As the organizers explained, the Order of St. George is not associated with the current St. George's Ribbon. Its name is symbolic, and the ribbons of Soviet awards from the times of the Great Patriotic War are taken as the basis. Thus, the organizers of the action decided to choose a universal symbol for the Victory Day, which would combine the memory of the courage of the Russian people both in the days of imperial Russia, there and in Soviet times.
The history of the appearance of the St. George ribbon can only be considered in conjunction with the history of the order itself.
The St. George Ribbon is an integral part of the Order of St. George, an award established by Empress Catherine II in 1769 for officers of the Russian Army, awarded for personal bravery shown on the battlefields. It was supposed to be worn on a “silk ribbon with three black and two yellow stripes”, subsequently the name St. George's Ribbon was assigned to it to mark its officers for their merits on the battlefield and length of service in military ranks. It was an exceptional military award. The motto "For service and courage" was attached to the St. George's ribbon, and she herself distinguished people who committed courageous deeds for the good Russian Empire.
In 1807, "to encourage bravery and courage" of soldiers, non-commissioned officers and sailors, Alexander I establishes the insignia of a military order - a silver cross on a black and orange "George" ribbon.
In pre-revolutionary times in Russia there were no more high award than this one.
The black and orange colors of the St. George Ribbon have become a symbol of military prowess and glory in Russia. The St. George ribbon was also assigned to some insignia, complained military units, - St. George's silver trumpets, banners, standards. Many military awards were worn on the St. George ribbon, or it was part of the ribbon.
In 1855, during Crimean War, lanyards of St. George's colors appeared on premium officer weapons. Golden weapons, as a kind of award, were no less honorable for a Russian officer than the Order of George.
St. George ribbons in their original form were present in the Russian imperial army until the very end of its existence.
During the Great Patriotic War, continuing the military traditions of the Russian army, on September 8, 1943, the Order of Glory of three degrees was established. His status, as well as the yellow and black colors of the ribbon, were reminiscent of the George Cross. Then the St. George Ribbon, confirming the traditional colors of Russian military prowess, adorned many soldier and modern Russian award medals and badges.
In 1992, the St. George Ribbon received a new start. Then the ribbon itself, the Order of St. George, were approved as signs of military courage and courage. On March 2, 1992, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Russia "On State Awards of the Russian Federation", a decision was made to restore the Russian Order of St. George and the insignia "St. George's Cross".
Project "St. George Ribbon" started in 2005. Every year it is only gaining momentum and has already become a good tradition. The action was recognized as one of the largest in its scope in Russia.
Regional scientific - practical conference
young researchers
"Step into the Future - 2015"
"Memory of the Heart"
Completed by: Merzlyakova Daria Andreevna,
3rd grade student municipal
autonomous general educational
institutions
"Antipinsk average
Russia, Tyumen region,
Nizhnetavdinsky district,
Antipino village
The teacher who provided counseling
assistance: Zhuravkova Galina Vasilievna,
municipal autonomous
general education
institutions "Antipinskaya average
comprehensive school"
2014 – 2015 academic year year
"Memory of the Heart" St. George ribbon: I remember! I'm proud!
Merzlyakova Daria, 3rd grade.
ANNOTATION
The project is aimed at a detailed study of historical information, paying special attention to the emergence of the concept of "St. George's Ribbon", "St. George's Ribbon"
Theme of the work: “George's Ribbon: I remember! I'm proud!"
Object of study: St. George ribbon.
Purpose: to study the history of the action "George's Ribbon".
The essence of the project: the author collects information about the fact of interest to him, using all possible sources, information found on the Internet; conducts a peer survey, paying special attention to the level of awareness on this topic; conducts a detailed analysis of the St. George Ribbon campaign; draws conclusions and makes recommendations for peers.
This project designed for students in grades 1-4 elementary school and is aimed at studying the topic "Great Patriotic War".
Merzlyakova Daria, 3rd grade.
Russia, Tyumen region, Nizhnetavdinsky district, Antipino village, Municipal Autonomous educational institution"Antipinskaya secondary school".
INTRODUCTION
In 2015, our country is celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
In our time, attempts are being made to rewrite history, to misinterpret it, turning heroes into anti-heroes, downplaying the contribution of the USSR to the victory over fascism. People are beginning to forget what fascism is, what a terrible enemy our country has overcome. Neo-fascism is spreading among the youth.
In Russia, on the eve of the Great Victory Day, every year, from April 24 to May 12, starting from 2005, a large-scale action called "St. George's Ribbon" is held. The purpose of this event is "creating a symbol of the holiday", "expressing our respect for the veterans, a tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front."
The relevance of the chosen topic of work is due to the fact that, despite the popularity of this action, my peers know little about the history of creation and the rules for participating in the St. George Ribbon action. The indicated problem explains the choice of topic: “George's ribbon: I remember! I'm proud!"
The purpose of my work is to study the history of the St. George Ribbon action.
In this regard, the following tasks were solved:
Collect necessary information using various sources;
Organize the information received historical eras;
Conduct a survey among my peers;
RESEARCH.
RESEARCH PLAN.
Target
Hypothesis
Tasks :1 . To study the history of the origin of the St. George Ribbon, references in history associated with awards in honor of St. George. Systematize the accumulated material, select the most significant, reaching the moments of the present.
2. ).
3 . Conduct a survey among your peers on the topic: "What does the St. George Ribbon mean?".
Subject of analysis In my work, the question is whether the symbol of the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War - the St. George Ribbon, can adequately represent this great event.
Methods used in the study: the collection and study of historical scientific information, its systematization, conclusions and conclusions based on it, conducting a sociological survey, processing its data, conclusions, drawing up a diagram.
Bibliography : Shepelev L. E. Titles, uniforms, orders in the Russian Empire, the Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. Name lists 1769-1920. V. M. Shabanov, Serge Andolenko, Russian officer, who later became a general French army and compiled the most complete collection of drawings and descriptions of the regimental badges of the Russian army, Count Litta.
RESEARCH.
Topic: "The history of the St. George ribbon as a symbol of Victory."
Introduction.
The black and orange colors of the St. George Ribbon have become a symbol of military prowess and glory in Russia. St. George ribbons occupy the most honorable place among the numerous collective awards (distinctions) of the units of the Russian army.
In 2005, the action “We remember! We are proud!”, its main symbol was the St. George ribbon. Appearing in the year of the sixtieth anniversary of the Victory, it managed to become a tradition in 10 years. The action is recognized as the largest patriotic action in Russia. Well, this is a good result. The St. George Ribbon has a glorious history and deserves to have its colors symbolize the Great Victory.
St. George is the patron saint of the army. The image of George the Victorious on a horse symbolizes the victory over the devil - the "ancient serpent" (Rev. 12, 3; 20, 2). 
Picture 1.
Saint George the Victorious (Capadocian) (Greek Άγιος Γεώργιος) is a Christian saint, great martyr, the most revered saint of this name. Having once heard an inhuman verdict on the extermination of Christians at the trial, St. George was inflamed with compassion for them. Foreseeing that he, too, would suffer, George distributed his property to the poor, set his slaves free, appeared to Diocletian and, declaring himself a Christian, denounced him of cruelty and injustice (Fig. 1). On the icons of St. George is depicted sitting on a white horse and striking a serpent with a spear. This image is based on tradition and refers to the posthumous miracles of the Holy Great Martyr George. They say that not far from the place where St. George in the city of Beirut, a snake lived in the lake, which often devoured the people of that area.
MAIN PART.
THEORETICAL PART.
1.Historical roots of St. George's Ribbon.
The St. George Ribbon was created as part of an award set consisting of the Order of St. George, the St. George Cross or the St. George Medal and a ribbon.
The Order of George was established in 1769. By status, he was given only for specific feats in war time"those who ... distinguished themselves by what special courageous act or the wise gave for our military service helpful tips". It was an exceptional military award.
Picture 1.
Figure 2.
St. George Order was divided into four classes. The first degree of the order had three signs: a cross star and a ribbon consisting of three black and two orange stripes, which was worn over the right shoulder under the uniform. The second degree of the order also had a star and a large cross, which was worn around the neck on a narrower ribbon. The third degree is a small cross on the neck, the fourth is a small cross in the buttonhole. 1 (Fig. 2) 25 people were awarded the Order of the 1st degree (Fig. 1). The first cavalier after Catherine II was in 1770 graph P. A. Rumyantsov-Zadunaisky « for the victory over the enemy on July 21, 1770 near Cahul". The last cavalier was in 1877 Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich Senior « for the capture of November 28, 1877, the strongholds of Plevna and the capture of the army of Osman Pasha'. A total of 125 people were awarded the Order of the 2nd degree 2 . First cavalier in 1770 became lieutenant general P. G. Plemyannikov « for providing an example of courage, serving as his subordinates in overcoming the labors of fearlessness and winning victory over the enemy on July 21, 1770 near Cahul". The last cavalier in 1916 became a French general Ferdinand Foch « for the successful completion of the Verdun operation on December 21, 1916". About 650 people were awarded the Order of the 2nd degree in total. First cavalier in 1769 became lieutenant colonel Fedor Fabritsian " for the defeat with a detachment entrusted to him of 1600 people near the city of Galati, on November 15, 1769, a very crowded enemy army against that number". Accurate statistics awarded with the Order 4th degree is absent. According to some reports, more than 10,500 people were awarded, of which up to 8 thousand were awarded for long service, and the rest for military merit. 2
full cavaliers Order of St. George (awarded with all 4 degrees) became:
prince, field marshal general M. I. Golenishchev-Kutuzov-Smolensky;
prince, field marshal general M. B. Barclay de Tolly;
count, field marshal general I. F. Paskevich-Erivan Prince of Warsaw;
count, field marshal general I. I. Dibich-Zabalkansky.
The St. George's ribbon was also assigned to some insignia awarded to military units - St. George's silver trumpets, banners, standards, etc. many military awards were worn on the St. George ribbon, or it was part of the ribbon.
In 1806, award St. George banners were introduced in the Russian army. The St. George Cross was placed at the top of the banner, under the top was tied a black-orange St. George ribbon with banner tassels 1 inch wide (4.44 cm).
Figure 3
(Fig. 3) In 1855, during the Crimean War, lanyards of the St. George colors appeared on premium officer weapons. Golden weapons as a kind of award were no less honorable for a Russian officer than the Order of George. After graduation Russian-Turkish war(1877 - 1878) Emperor Alexander II ordered the commanders-in-chief of the Danube and Caucasian armies to prepare performances for rewarding the most distinguished units and subunits. Information from the commanders about the exploits performed by their units was collected and submitted to the Cavalier Duma of the Order of St. George. The report of the Duma, in particular, stated that the most brilliant feats in the war were the Nizhny Novgorod and Seversky Dragoon Regiments, which already have all the established awards: St. George's standards, St. George's pipes, double buttonholes "for military distinction" on the uniforms of headquarters and chief officers , St. George buttonholes on the uniforms of the lower ranks, insignia on headdresses. By personal decree on April 11, 1878, a new insignia was established, the description of which was announced by order of the Military Department of October 31 of the same year. The decree, in particular, stated: “Sovereign Emperor, bearing in mind that some regiments already have all the insignia established as a reward for military exploits, the Highest deigned to establish a new highest distinction: St. granted in accordance with the attached description and drawing. These ribbons, belonging to the banners and standards, are in no case removed from them. "Until the end of the existence of the Russian imperial army, this award with wide St. George ribbons remained the only one. During the Great Patriotic War, continuing the military traditions of the Russian army, on November 8, 1943, the Order of Glory of three degrees was established. His statute, as well as the yellow and black colors of the ribbon, were reminiscent of the St. George Cross.
On March 2, 1992, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR "On state awards Russian Federation"A decision was made to restore the Russian military order of St. George and the insignia "St. George's Cross".
The St. George's ribbon was also assigned to some insignia awarded to military units - St. George's silver trumpets, banners, standards, etc. Many military awards were worn on the St. George ribbon, or it was part of the ribbon.
The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1994 states: "The military Order of St. George and the Insignia -" St. George's Cross "1 are preserved in the system of state awards.
The George medal could be awarded to: war time.- lower military ranks, for the feats of courage and bravery shown by them in wartime and peacetime.
- Persons who do not have military rank and not even belonging to the composition of the army and navy, but only for the differences shown in battle against the enemy. In peacetime.- Who, in a skirmish with a superior number of intruders who offer armed resistance, will encourage his comrades by an example of personal courage and fearlessness, etc. 
it will contribute to the successful completion of the case. Who is in a skirmish with armed intruders, save the life of his boss or free him. Whoever, when attacked by an excellent number of intruders, will keep the boss behind the departure, order in the team and his courage and diligence will contribute to their detention, ... (Fig. 4).
Figure 4
Thus, obviously, the St. George's Ribbon in its modern vision and understanding is a direct similarity of the main elements of the St. George's award set, which appeared in the second half of the eighteenth century, certain attributes of which were also used in awards during the Great Patriotic War, which is very important in the light of historical traditions and themes my research
2. Symbols of the St. George Ribbon.
There are different opinions about the symbolism of the St. George ribbon. For example, Count Litta wrote in 1833: "The immortal legislator, who established this order, believed that its ribbon connects the color of gunpowder and the color of fire ...". However, Serge Andolenko, a Russian officer who later became a general of the French army and compiled the most complete collection of drawings and descriptions of the regimental badges of the Russian army, does not agree with this explanation: "In reality, the colors of the order have been state colors since the time when the double-headed eagle became the Russian national emblem on a golden background ... This is how the Russian coat of arms was described under Catherine II: "The eagle is black, on the heads is a crown, and at the top in the middle is a large Imperial crown - gold, in the middle of the same eagle is George, on a white horse, defeating a snake, an epancha and a spear are yellow , the crown is yellow, the serpent is black.
Thus, the Russian military order, both in its name and in its colors, had deep roots in national history"3 (Fig. 5). Thus, black and orange (yellow) are the traditional colors of the Russian monarchy, and at the same time courage, valor, victory in the struggle for the interests of the Fatherland, therefore, they are quite worthy to reflect the symbol of memory of our victory in that terrible war.
Figure 5
"Memory of the Heart" St. George ribbon: I remember! I'm proud!
Merzlyakova Daria, 3rd grade.
Russia, Tyumen region, Nizhnetavdinsky district, Antipino village, Municipal Autonomous General Educational Institution "Antipinsky Secondary School"
Practical part
Nowadays there is interesting tradition associated with this military - historical symbol. Young people, on the eve of the Victory Day holiday, tie a "Georgievka" on their clothes as a sign of respect, memory and solidarity with the heroic Russian soldiers who defended the freedom of our country in the distant 40s.
Action "We remember! We are proud!" thought up for the 60th anniversary of the Victory by Natalya Loseva, an employee of the RIA Novosti news agency. The organizers of the action are "RIA Novosti" and ROOSPM "Student Community". Financing for the purchase of ribbons is provided by regional and local authorities. The action is supported by medium and large businesses, various media.
The action begins with the distribution by volunteers among the population of small sections of ribbons, identical in shape and color to the St. George ribbon. According to the terms of the promotion, the ribbon must be attached to the lapel of clothing, tied to a hand, bag or car antenna. The purpose of this event is "creating a symbol of the holiday", "expressing our respect for the veterans, a tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front." 4
However, not all residents of Russia support the action. In 2008, the site za-lentu.ru was created, which advocates for the St. George's Ribbon and considers the action extremely disrespectful towards the symbol of Victory. First of all, opponents of the action are outraged by the use of the tape for commercial purposes, disrespectful tying it to clothes, bags and even pets. 5 The participants of the action are considered by some representatives of the media as fascists or people who do not respect and do not appreciate the veterans of the Great Patriotic War. The moral aspect of this dilemma is extremely complex, and it seems to me that each person decides for himself: either the ribbon is a tribute, the personification of our gratitude, or the misuse of part of the military award.
In 2005, the action “We remember! We are proud!”, its main symbol was the St. George ribbon.
Appearing in the year of the sixtieth anniversary of the Victory, the action managed to become a tradition in 10 years. It is recognized as the largest patriotic action in Russia. Well, this is a good result. The St. George Ribbon has a glorious history and deserves to have its colors symbolize the Great Victory.
Among the students of our school (grades 1-8), I conducted a sociological survey: "What does the St. George's Ribbon mean to you?" 54 students were interviewed, of which 40 answered in various formulations - a symbol of the Victory over Nazi Germany; 9 - find it difficult to answer; 5 - I don't know.
It follows from the foregoing that, in general, in our society, the St. George Ribbon has a stable association with the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War; it is recognizable by representatives of all generations; fallen defenders our Fatherland).
To learn about the life of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers in the war and post-war times, they were invited to cool watch veterans of labor, and also cleaned the territory near the obelisk to the dead. We went to our sponsored labor veteran Verkhovtsev Petr Ivanovich, helped him clean up the territory.
CONCLUSION.
I came to the conclusion that the St. George Ribbon is a centuries-old symbol of Victory, an element of an award set for special military merits in combat operations.
In the second half of the 18th century, the St. George ribbon appeared as part of an award set consisting of the Order of St. George, the St. George Cross or the St. George medal and a ribbon. The Order of St. George was established in 1769 and, by status, they were awarded only for specific feats in wartime "to those who ... distinguished themselves by their particular courage or gave wise and useful advice for our military service." It was an exceptional military award. Many military awards were worn on the ribbon itself, which was worn under the uniform, and crosses on a narrower ribbon were also worn around the neck. In 1806, the award St. George banners were introduced in the Russian army, where a black and orange St. George ribbon was tied at the top. On September 8, 1943, the Order of Glory of three degrees was established, its statute, as well as the yellow and black colors of the ribbon, recalls the St. George Cross. The St. George's Ribbon also adorned many soldier's and modern medals and badges. Black and orange colors are symbols of military prowess and glory, the colors of gunpowder and fire. The colors of the order have become state colors since the double-headed eagle on a golden background became the Russian national emblem, thus the Russian military order, of which the ribbon is a part, has deep roots in Russian history. The connection between some of the old and new awards and the symbol of Victory is obvious these days. The connection between the St. George ribbon and the St. George award set is obvious. The action was invented for the 60th anniversary of the Victory by N. Loseva (RIA Novosti employee) and it will begin for the tenth time with the distribution by volunteers among the population of small sections of ribbons identical in shape and color to the St. George ribbon. A survey conducted among students showed that most of them wear this symbol, knowing and understanding its meaning.
List of used literature and Internet resources:
Literature:
1. Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. Name lists 1769-1920. Biobibliographic reference book. Rep. status V. M. Shabanov. M., Russkiy Mir, 2004. 928 p., ill. ISBN 5-89577-059-2
2. Shepelev L. E. Titles, uniforms, orders in the Russian Empire. - L .: "Nauka", Leningrad branch, 1991. - 224 p. ISBN 5-02-027196-9
3. Encyclopedia "Cyril and Methodius". - Moscow. 2006.
Internet resources:
1. http://days.pravoslavie.ru/Life/life6523.htm
2. http://superclass80.ucoz.ru/publ/1-1-0-6
3. http://www.v-kn.ru/content/view/298/109/
4. http://www.flagcenter.ru/news/5/
6. http://www.statesymbol.ru/news/20050420/39596492.html
7. http://genefis-gbr.ru/view.php?id=342
8. http://www.marsiada.ru/624/lica/718/5022
9. http://www.chaskor.ru/p.php?id=6023
Merzlyakova Daria Andreevna, 3rd grade student
MAOU "Antipinskaya secondary school"
The theme of my work: "The history of the St. George ribbon as a symbol of Victory."
RESEARCH PLAN.
On the eve of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the theme of its symbols is significant. Unfortunately, veterans who won the most terrible war of the last century, whose heirs we remain, what and whom we should be proud of. Our task is to strive, by all means, not to let the new generations forget about the exploits of the fighters of the front and rear workers, all those who won this Victory.
Before the celebration of Victory Day, people hang the symbol of Victory - the St. George ribbon - on bags, on sleeves, on the antennas of cars. Probably, many do this without understanding the meaning and not knowing the history of this symbol, sometimes their actions are not even a tribute, but a simple parrot (everyone is dressed, and I will dress). This was the thought that led to the topic design work.
Target : to find out where the symbol of Victory originates - the St. George Ribbon and what does it mean, does it have the right to be a symbol of victory today or not?
Hypothesis : Our symbol of Victory - St. George's Ribbon has its roots in the awards associated with the name of St. George, who has long been revered in Russia.
Tasks :1 . To study the history of the origin of the St. George Ribbon, 2. Decipher the symbols of the St. George Ribbon (what its colors mean ).
3 . Conduct a survey among your peers on the topic: “What does the St. George Ribbon mean?” ..
During my research, I found out that:
The black and orange colors of the St. George Ribbon have become a symbol of military prowess and glory in Russia. St. George's Ribbons occupy the most honorable place among the numerous collective awards of the units of the Russian Army.
In 2005, the action “We remember! We are proud!”, its main symbol was the St. George ribbon. Appearing in the year of the sixtieth anniversary of the Victory, it managed to become a tradition in 10 years. The action was recognized as the largest. St. George Ribbon has a glorious history and deserves that its colors would symbolize the Great Victory.
St. George is the patron saint of the army. The image of George the Victorious on a horse symbolizes the victory over the devil - the "ancient serpent"
St. George's Ribbon is a direct similarity of the main elements of the St. George's award set, which appeared in the second half of the eighteenth century, which is very important in the light of historical traditions and the topic of my research
There are different opinions about the symbolism of the St. George ribbon. For example, Count Litta wrote in 1833: "The immortal legislator, who established this order, believed that its ribbon connects the color of gunpowder and the color of fire ...". However, Serge Andolenko, a Russian officer, does not agree with this explanation: “In fact, the colors of the order have been state colors since the time when the double-headed eagle on a golden background became the Russian national emblem ... This is how the Russian coat of arms was described under Catherine II: “The eagle is black, on a crown at the top, and at the top in the middle a large Imperial crown - gold, in the middle of the same eagle George, on a white horse, defeating a snake, an epancha and a spear are yellow, the crown is yellow, the snake is black.
Nowadays, an interesting tradition has appeared associated with this military-historical symbol. People, on the eve of the Victory Day holiday, tie a "Georgievka" on their clothes as a sign of respect, memory and solidarity with the heroic Russian soldiers who defended the freedom of our country in the distant 40s.
Action "We remember! We are proud!" thought up for the 60th anniversary of the Victory by Natalya Loseva, an employee of the RIA Novosti news agency.
The action begins with the distribution by volunteers among the population of small sections of ribbons, similar in shape and color to the St. George ribbon. According to the terms of the promotion, the ribbon must be attached to the lapel of clothing, tied to a hand, bag or car antenna. The purpose of this event is "creating a symbol of the holiday", "expressing our respect for the veterans, a tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front." 6
I conducted a sociological survey among the students of our school (grades 1-8): “What does the St. George Ribbon mean to you?” 54 students were interviewed, of which 40 answered in various formulations - a symbol of the Victory over Nazi Germany; 5 - find it difficult to answer; 9 - I don't know.
It follows from this that, in general, in our society, a stable association with the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War was fixed behind the St. George's Ribbon,
During the campaign, outside school hours, we made the St. George ribbon, which was handed out not only to schoolchildren, but also to parents and villagers along with greeting cards.
To learn about the life of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers in the war and post-war period, veterans of labor were invited to class hours, and the territory near the obelisk was cleaned for the dead. We went to our sponsored labor veteran Verkhovtsev Petr Ivanovich, helped him in cleaning the territory, and also congratulated him on the Victory Day, sang poems and songs.
So, I came to the conclusion that the St. George Ribbon is a centuries-old symbol of Victory, an element of an award set for special military merits in military operations.
The St. George Ribbon is an expression of our respect for the veterans, a tribute to the memory of those who fell on the battlefield, gratitude to the people who gave everything for the front.
I had a great grandfather
Who fought and died in 1942. He was a tanker and was blown up by a mine.
Research
"History of St. George's Ribbon"
4 "B" class GBOU secondary school No. 2 "OTs"
with. Kinel - Cherkasy,
Kinel - Cherkasy region
Supervisor:
GBOU secondary school No. 2 "OC"
with. Kinel - Cherkasy,
Kinel - Cherkasy region
Samara region
Introduction …………………………………………………………………. 2
Chapter I. History of the St. George Ribbon………………………..3
Chapter II. St. George's Ribbon Today….……5
Conclusion…………………………………………………………….….6
References…………………………………………………………6
Introduction
Among anniversaries celebrated by the people of our multinational Motherland, Victory Day occupies a special place. On this day - May 9, 1945 - the long-awaited news of the victorious end of the most cruel and bloody war in the history of mankind came to every house in our vast country.
The Great Patriotic War was a truly national struggle. In those terrible years, people of various nationalities fought shoulder to shoulder with the enemy and selflessly worked in the rear. It was this unity that became the main factor in the victory in the fight against fascism.
The accomplishments of our peoples in the Great Patriotic War is one of the brightest and most impressive pages not only of the national, but also world history. The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against German fascism continued for 1418 days and nights. This is one of the largest and bloodiest wars in the history of mankind, in which the Soviet people lost more than 27 million of their sons and daughters. Historic victory over fascist Germany became possible thanks to the efforts and heroism of all the peoples of our country.
Almost every family has a connection with this war. The Great Patriotic War is a trace in the fate of my family, which will not be erased by time.
Every year I go to the parade with my parents, dedicated to the day Victory. On the eve of Victory Day, people attach to their clothes and personal vehicles black and orange ribbons, which have become a symbol of memory of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, I became interested in what the St. George ribbon means and why everyone wears it before the holiday.
The theme of my work is "St. George's Ribbon"
Objective:
1. Understanding what a St. George ribbon is,
2. Why is the St. George ribbon put on every year on the Victory Day holiday
to study the history of the origin of the St. George ribbon;
learn about the action "George's Ribbon";
tell classmates about the St. George ribbon;
Chapter 1
The St. George ribbon originally appeared with the Imperial Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George - the highest military award of the Russian Empire. This order was established by Empress Catherine II in 1769 to distinguish officers for merit on the battlefield.
Saint George is a great martyr. He was tortured and killed by the enemies of Christianity - pagans. For courage and for the spiritual victory over the tormentors who could not force him to renounce Christianity, as well as for miraculous help to people in danger, St. George is also called the Victorious.
On icons, Saint George is depicted sitting on a white horse and striking a serpent with a spear. This image is based on tradition and refers to the posthumous miracles of the Holy Great Martyr George.
In Russia, the Holy Great Martyr George was greatly loved and revered. Therefore, they gave his name to the most honorary military order. This order was awarded only to officers and generals for personal military merit.
The order was awarded to those who "personally leading the army, will win over the enemy, who is in significant forces, a complete victory, the consequence of which will be his complete destruction", "personally leading the army, will take the fortress."
For the capture of the enemy banner, the capture of the commander-in-chief of the enemy army and other outstanding feats.
The order of awarding: the first time the lowest, 4th degree was issued, the next time the higher 3rd, then the 2nd and, finally, the one who accomplished the fourth outstanding feat could be presented for awarding the Order of St. George 1st degree.
The Order of St. George was divided into four classes.
The first degree of the order had three signs: a cross star and a ribbon consisting of three black and two orange stripes, which was worn over the right shoulder under the uniform.
The second degree of the order also had a star and a large cross, which was worn around the neck on a narrower ribbon.
The third degree is a small cross on the neck, the fourth is a small cross in the buttonhole.
In 2007, for the first time in history modern Russia Heroes of the Fatherland Day is celebrated
The date December 9 was not chosen by chance: on this day (according to the old style) in 1769, Empress Catherine II established the Order of St. George the Victorious. This order was awarded to warriors who showed valor, courage and courage in battle.
St. George's ribbon - a two-color ribbon for the Order of St. George, St. George's Cross, St. George's Medal. Also, St. George ribbons on a peakless cap were worn by the sailors of the guards crew of the ship, awarded the St. George flag. Over time, St. George's buttonholes, standards, pipes, etc. appeared.
During the Great Patriotic War, continuing the military traditions of the Russian army, in 1943 the Order of Glory of three degrees was established. His statute, as well as the yellow and black colors of the ribbon, were reminiscent of the St. George Cross. Then the St. George ribbon, confirming the traditional colors of Russian military prowess, adorned many soldier and modern Russian award medals and badges.
In 1992, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Russia "On State Awards of the Russian Federation", a decision was made to restore the Russian Order of St. George and the insignia "St. George's Cross".
Chapter 2
On the eve of Victory Day, people attach black and orange ribbons to their clothes and personal vehicles, which have become a symbol of memory of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a sign of eternal gratitude that liberated the world from fascism.
Thousands of volunteers from Vladivostok to Kaliningrad have started handing out St. George ribbons today. For everyone, they have already become one of the main symbols of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
For the first time in the spring of 2005 on the streets Russian cities appeared "George's Ribbon". The action, conceived and carried out by RIA Novosti and the Student Community in the year of the 60th anniversary of the Victory, brought together people of different ages and social groups. The action was born spontaneously, grew out of the Our Victory Internet project, which published “folk” stories about how this or that family was affected by the Great Patriotic War, about front-line soldiers, partisans, home front workers, about front-line novels and unknown people. exploits ... The main goal of the action, as well as the site "Our Victory", was the desire at all costs not to let the new generations forget who and at what cost won the most terrible war of the last century, whose heirs we remain, what and who should be proud of whom to remember.
The wearing of the St. George's Ribbon, in conjunction with the corresponding awards, is awarded to people,
who were directly involved in the fighting.
If the war touched your family.
If you know at what cost we won the Victory.
If you are proud of your history, your country, your family.
If you remember.
"George's Ribbon" as a symbol of your memory - attach it to the lapel of your clothes.
Conclusion
While studying this topic, I came to understand what the St. George ribbon is, and I understood why the St. George ribbon is put on every year on the Victory Day holiday.
To do this, I studied the history of the origin of the St. George ribbon,
learned about the St. George Ribbon campaign.
"Georgievsky Ribbon" - one of the most interesting projects to create symbols in our country. Appearing in the year of the sixtieth anniversary of the Victory (2005), he managed to become a tradition - an unprecedented event in the newest. The action is recognized as the largest patriotic action in Russia. Well, this is a good result. The St. George Ribbon has a glorious history and deserves to have its colors symbolize the Great Victory.
Today, many people take part in the action, happily attaching a ribbon to bags and clothes.
This, still relatively young, rather new symbolism awakens in people, first of all, patriotic feelings, filling them with a sense of pride in their victorious country. In addition to all of the above, bright ribbons evoke cheerful, festive emotions, give a feeling of inviolability and unity.
Bibliography
Russian history:
Encyclopedia / Scientific. - pop. Edition for children. -
M.: – Press”, 2008, 123 p.
Medvedev by day: schoolchild calendar. publishing house
Moscow Patriarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church, 2013, 175 p.
Taborko of the Great Patriotic War. 1941 - 1945: A Brief Illustrated History for Youth. – M.: Mol. guard, 1985. - 334 p.
https://en.wikipedia.org
http://georgievskaya-lenta.ru/
